A multi-laser beam 3D printing head and 3D printing device for additive manufacturing

Abstract

The application provides a multi-laser-beam 3D printing head and a 3D printing device for additive manufacturing, comprising: a shell having a plurality of first parts annularly surrounding a central axis of the shell, a connecting part being arranged between two adjacent first parts, each first part having a recessed area and a non-recessed plane, and for each first part, the distance between the recessed area of the first part and the central axis is less than the distance between the non-recessed plane of the first part and the central axis; a plurality of laser pump sources are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first parts, each laser pump source being arranged in a corresponding first part, the laser pump source comprising a plurality of chips and optical components, and the plurality of chips and optical components of the laser pump source being arranged in the recessed area of the corresponding first part. The application can protect the chips and optical components of the laser pump source, make the overall structure of the printing head and the laser output more stable, and effectively save the optical path loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser technology, specifically to a multi-laser beam 3D printing head and 3D printing device for additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of 3D printing technology, Wire Laser Additive Manufacturing (WLAM) has become one of the core technologies for industrial-grade 3D printing due to its advantages such as high material utilization, fast forming efficiency, and relatively low cost. In existing 3D printing technologies, to ensure printing accuracy and avoid anisotropy, coaxial filament feeding technology is typically used. This means that the laser beam output from the laser print head is coaxial with the filament fed by the filament feeding mechanism. To ensure output power, existing coaxial filament feeding printing technologies usually integrate multiple independent semiconductor lasers to converge the laser outputs of the semiconductor lasers into a single beam, which is coaxial with the filament feeding tube. However, integrating multiple independent semiconductor lasers is prone to misalignment, leading to inaccurate beams and inability to achieve coaxiality with the filament feeding mechanism. Furthermore, existing 3D printing technologies typically use fiber lasers, which suffer from long optical path lengths, high optical loss, and significant variations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a multi-laser beam 3D printing head and 3D printing device for additive manufacturing, aiming to solve the problems of easy deformation of the multi-laser beam 3D printing head structure, and the long optical path, large loss, high possibility of variation, and low coupling accuracy of the fiber-coupled printing head, which affect its service life.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing, comprising:

[0005] A housing having a plurality of first parts, the plurality of first parts being annularly surrounding a central axis of the housing, with a connecting portion between adjacent first parts, each first part having a recessed area and a non-recessed surface, wherein for each first part, the distance between the recessed area of ​​the first part and the central axis is less than the distance between the non-recessed surface of the first part and the central axis;

[0006] Multiple laser pump sources are provided, each laser pump source being configured in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of first portions. Each laser pump source is disposed in the first portion corresponding to it. Each laser pump source includes multiple chips and optical components, and the multiple chips and optical components of the laser pump source are disposed in a recessed area in the first portion corresponding to it.

[0007] In one possible implementation of this application, the housing has a plurality of output holes, which are configured one-to-one with the plurality of laser pump sources. Each laser pump source outputs laser based on the output hole corresponding to it. The lasers output by each laser pump source converge into the same spot, and the spot intersects the central axis.

[0008] In one possible implementation of this application, the target angles between the different first parts and the central axis are the same, the curvatures of the projections of the different connecting parts onto the first preset plane are the same, and the first preset plane includes at least the plane where the light spot is located.

[0009] In one possible implementation of this application, for each laser pump source, a protective cover is provided in the first part where the laser pump source is located to protect the chip and optical components of the laser pump source. The protective cover is connected to the non-heat sink area in the first part where the laser pump source is located based on a preset connection method, which includes at least one of screws, welding or bonding.

[0010] In one possible implementation of this application, for each laser pump source, a cooling water channel is provided on the second surface of the first part corresponding to the laser pump source. The second surface is the surface of the first part opposite to the surface where the heat sink area of ​​the plurality of chips is located. The housing is also provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, which are located in the area of ​​the housing other than the first part.

[0011] In one possible implementation of this application, the shell is manufactured using a one-piece molding process, which includes 3D printing, and the shell is made of copper, aluminum, or other materials with thermal conductivity that meet preset requirements.

[0012] In one possible implementation of this application, for each laser pump source, the positive electrodes of multiple chips of the laser pump source are connected in series using an ultrasonic thermo-press bonding process and connecting wires to form a total positive electrode, and the negative electrodes of multiple chips of the laser pump source are connected in series using an ultrasonic thermo-press bonding process and connecting wires to form a total negative electrode. The total positive electrode and the total negative electrode of the laser pump source are exposed from the first part to which the laser pump source belongs through a first hole, and the first hole is disposed at the end of the first part opposite to the output hole.

[0013] In one possible implementation of this application, for each laser pumping source, the optical components of the laser pumping source include at least the following elements: a fast-axis collimating mirror, a slow-axis collimating mirror, and a reflecting mirror;

[0014] The components are coupled in the following manner: for each laser pump source, during the operation of the chip of the laser pump source, the spot characteristics of the output beam of the laser pump source are monitored, so that the output beams of the laser pump source converge to the same spot, the spot intersects the central axis, and the characteristics include at least power, spot position and shape. The position of the components is finely adjusted based on the characteristics until the target matching conditions are met and then fixed.

[0015] In one possible implementation of this application, the beams output by multiple laser pump sources converge to the same spot in the following manner: the laser pump sources are powered on, and the spot position of the beam output by each laser pump source on the target plane is adjusted by adjusting the reflector, fast-axis focusing lens and slow-axis focusing lens in each laser pump source. The position of each beam on the target plane is continuously observed based on a laser spot analyzer, so that the center of the spot of each beam coincides with the central axis on the target plane, and the target plane can be a printing plane.

[0016] Secondly, this application also provides a 3D printing apparatus, comprising:

[0017] The aforementioned multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing;

[0018] The wire feeding mechanism includes at least:

[0019] The central wire feed tube has a wire feed channel diameter ranging from 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm. The central wire feed tube is coaxial with the central axis and its coaxiality deviation with the focal point of the light spot is no greater than 0.02 mm.

[0020] This application provides a multi-laser beam 3D printing head and 3D printing device for additive manufacturing. It innovatively designs a housing comprising multiple first parts, each first part containing a laser pump source. Each first part is divided into a recessed area and a non-recessed surface. Within the same recessed area, the chip and optical components of the laser pump source are disposed. This application can protect the important components of the laser pump source—the chip and optical components—and make the overall structure of the 3D printing head more stable. The beams output by multiple laser pump sources are less prone to change. Furthermore, placing the chip and optical components of the laser pump source directly inside the printing head housing can effectively save optical path loss. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one of the multi-laser beam 3D printing heads for additive manufacturing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this embodiment, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0029] In this application, the term "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the invention with unnecessary detail. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0030] This application provides a multi-laser beam 3D printing head and a 3D printing device for additive manufacturing, which will be described in detail below.

[0031] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing. The housing 1 of the 3D printing head has a plurality of first parts 2, which are arranged in a ring around the central axis 0 of the housing 1. A connecting part 3 is provided between two adjacent first parts. Each first part has a recessed area 4 and a non-recessed surface 5. For each first part 2, the distance between the recessed area 4 of the first part 2 and the central axis 0 is less than the distance between the non-recessed surface 5 of the first part 2 and the central axis 0.

[0032] In this application, the method for comparing the distance between the recessed region 4 and the non-recessed plane 5 (which belongs to the same first part as the recessed region) is not limited. Specifically, the recessed region 4 can be regarded as a first plane, and the non-recessed plane 5 (which belongs to the same first part as the recessed region) can be regarded as a second plane. The distances between the first plane and the second plane and the central axis 0 can be compared. For example, the distances between the center points of the first plane and the second plane and the same point on the central axis 0 can be determined respectively. Based on this, the distance between the recessed region 4 and the central axis 0 can be compared with the distance between the non-recessed plane 5 and the central axis 0. Other methods can also be used to determine the distance, which is not limited in this application. Furthermore, this application does not impose any restrictions on the specific shape of the recessed area / non-recessed plane, or whether the interior of the recessed area / non-recessed plane is a flat plane. That is, for each first part 2, the distance between the recessed area 4 of the first part 2 and the central axis 0 is less than the distance between the non-recessed plane 5 of the first part 2 and the central axis 0. This can be understood as treating the recessed area and the non-recessed plane 5 (which belongs to the same first part as the recessed area) as two separate entities. The recessed area 4 is closer to the central axis 0 than the non-recessed plane 5 (which belongs to the same first part as the recessed area).

[0033] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, in the multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing described in this application, the recessed area and the non-recessed plane of the first part of the shell meet a matching condition, that is, the recessed area and the non-recessed plane are respectively regarded as two planes (recessed plane and non-recessed plane), and the two planes (recessed plane and non-recessed plane) are relatively parallel, and the recessed area is recessed towards the first direction, as shown. Figure 2 As shown, the first direction X is perpendicular to the recessed plane and points towards the central axis, and the Y direction is parallel to the central axis. The angle between the first direction X and the central axis O or the Y direction is taken as the first included angle α, and the angle between the recessed area (or recessed plane) and the central axis O is taken as the second included angle β. The first included angle α and the second included angle β are complementary. The recessed plane can be determined based on the plane (or mounting plane) where the chip is located, or it can be determined based on the plane (or mounting plane) where the optical component is located.

[0034] The 3D printing head for additive manufacturing protected in this application further includes multiple laser pump sources 6, each corresponding to one of the multiple first portions 2. Each laser pump source 6 is disposed in its corresponding first portion 2. Each laser pump source 6 includes multiple chips 7 and optical components 8. The multiple chips 7 and optical components 8 of the laser pump source are disposed in a recessed region 4 in the first portion corresponding to the laser pump source 6. Specifically, the aforementioned recessed region 4 includes a first region and a second region. The second region is closer to the central axis than the first region. The multiple chips 7 are disposed in the first region, and the optical components are disposed in the second region. The multiple chips 7 are disposed in the first region (which can be a heat sink region) by at least eutectic bonding.

[0035] In actual production, the distances of the first and second regions from the central axis can be different, as long as the precise matching of the chip and optical components can be achieved, ensuring effective laser coupling and output according to the preset path.

[0036] In one embodiment protected by this application, the housing has a plurality of output holes, which are disposed as follows: Figure 2 The output port 9 shown can be a gas hood. Multiple output holes are configured one-to-one with multiple laser pump sources. Each laser pump source outputs laser light based on its corresponding output hole. The laser light output by each laser pump source converges into the same spot, and the spot intersects the central axis. That is, the laser light emitted by each laser pump source has a preset path that includes passing through the output hole of that laser pump source.

[0037] In practical applications, the number of laser pump sources 6 can be any number from 3 to 12. It should be noted that the number of laser pump sources 6 can be odd or even, and multiple laser pump sources 6 can be uniformly arranged in a ring around the central axis 0 of the housing 1, or they can be arranged non-uniformly, as long as the laser output from each laser pump source 6 converges to the same spot and the spot intersects the central axis.

[0038] In one embodiment of this application, in order to improve the absorption energy of high-value metals (printing materials) such as gold, silver, and copper to laser, the beam output by the laser pump source can be blue light with a wavelength of 450nm. The absorption rate of blue light to copper is 45%, which is 5 times that of infrared laser. That is, the base material of the chip 7 can be GaN (gallium nitride) or the like. This application does not limit it.

[0039] This application protects a 3D printing head for additive manufacturing, in which the chip and optical components are disposed in a recessed area 4 of the housing. Since the recessed area 4 is closer to the central axis than the non-recessed surface 5, and thus farther from the outer periphery of the housing (the surface away from the central axis), the 3D printing head for additive manufacturing protected by this application can not only protect the important components of the laser pump source 6—the chip 7 and optical components 8—but also make the overall structure of the 3D printing head more stable, making it less prone to changes in the beams output by multiple laser pump sources 6. In addition, traditional 3D printing heads are usually based on fiber coupling for optical path transmission, with a large number of optical components, high debugging difficulty, and a laser energy loss rate of 15%-25% during transmission. At the same time, the splicing of multiple components is susceptible to vibration and temperature changes, which can easily lead to optical path drift and increase maintenance costs. The integrated housing design protected by this application can fix the laser pump source and directly output spatial light, abandoning the traditional fiber coupling method, reducing the optical path, and reducing the changes between laser pump sources, reducing the probability of optical path drift, lowering maintenance costs, and extending service life.

[0040] In one embodiment protected by this application, the target angle between the different first portions and the central axis is the same, and the curvature of the projection of the different connecting portions onto the plane where the light spot is located is the same. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 or Figure 2 For example, the target angle is no greater than 90 degrees, the plane where the light spot is located can be the printing surface of the printing device to which the printhead protected by this application belongs, and the different connecting parts 3 have the same curvature on the first preset plane, which at least includes the plane where the light spot is located. Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment protected by this application, the first part 2 in the housing 1 can be set to 6, the angle between adjacent first parts 2 is 60 degrees, the angle between each first part 2 and the central axis 0 is 45 degrees, and each first part is provided with a 200W semiconductor pump source composed of multiple chips 7 and optical components 8.

[0041] Specifically, the number of laser pump sources 6 mentioned above can be set to 3 to 12, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in the above-mentioned printing surface or in the second preset plane (when the central axis is perpendicular to the target plane, the second preset plane is parallel to the above-mentioned printing surface), the projection of the above-mentioned plurality of laser pump sources 6 is approximately an annular shape surrounding the central axis.

[0042] See Figure 2 For each laser pump source, a protective cover 10 is provided in the first part where the laser pump source is located to protect the chip and optical components of the laser pump source. The protective cover is connected to the non-heat sink area in the first part where the laser pump source is located based on a preset connection method. The preset connection method for connecting the protective cover to the non-heat sink area includes at least one of screws, welding, or bonding. When the preset connection method is bonding, epoxy adhesive can be used to bond the non-heat sink area to the protective cover, or other adhesives with low shrinkage and high stability can be used for bonding.

[0043] The laser pump source design described above places the chip and optical components in a recessed area within the housing, and the protective cover further protects the laser pump source chip and optical components in the printhead.

[0044] For each laser pump source, a cooling water channel is provided on the second surface of the first part corresponding to the laser pump source. The second surface is the surface opposite to the surface where the heat sink area of ​​the multiple chips is located in the first part. The housing is also provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, which are located in the area of ​​the housing other than the first part.

[0045] It should be noted that the first part 2 is a portion of the shell 1 (not a plane), as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the portion of the shell enclosed by the dashed box, excluding the connecting portion 3 and the adjacent first portion 2, constitutes a first portion 2. Specifically, the first portion 2 includes a recessed area 4 and a non-recessed plane 5, and also includes an outer shell portion 20. The recessed area includes 5 surfaces. Figure 2 The surface that the recessed area 4 points to is the bottom surface of the recessed area 4, and the other four surfaces are all surfaces connected to the bottom surface (that is, the four sides of the recessed area). A laser pump source 6 is provided in the recessed area 4 of the first part 2. The laser pump source 6 is composed of at least a plurality of chips 7 and optical components 8.

[0046] For example, multiple first portions 2 surround a central axis, and cooling channels are provided on the back of the recessed area (the side closest to the central axis) for heat dissipation. Figure 3 As shown, the 3D printing head for additive manufacturing proposed in this application is provided with an air inlet 11, a water inlet 12 and a water outlet 13. The back of the recessed area in the plurality of first parts does not contact the central axis, but forms a receiving space around the central axis. The receiving space contains a cooling water channel, a filament feeding tube of the 3D printing device, and can also contain gas.

[0047] The aforementioned shell is manufactured using a one-piece molding process, which includes 3D printing. The shell can be made of copper, aluminum, or other materials with thermal conductivity that meet preset requirements.

[0048] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the housing has a first hole 14, which is disposed opposite to the hole for outputting laser on two opposing and non-contacting surfaces on the first part. The positive and negative electrodes corresponding to each laser pump source are exposed from the first hole on the first part corresponding to that laser pump source.

[0049] For each laser pump source, the positive electrodes of multiple chips in the laser pump source are connected in series using an ultrasonic thermo-press bonding process and connecting wires to form a total positive electrode 15, and the negative electrodes of multiple chips in the laser pump source are connected in series using an ultrasonic thermo-press bonding process and connecting wires to form a total negative electrode 16, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the total positive electrode 15 and total negative electrode 16 corresponding to the laser pump source are exposed from the first part to which the laser pump source belongs through the first hole 14. The first hole 14 is disposed at the end of the first part 2 opposite to the output hole. The first hole 14 is disposed on a third plane, which is located at the end of the first part away from the light spot. The third plane is adjacent to the non-heat sink area corresponding to the laser pump source. In actual production, the above-mentioned connecting wires can be gold wires or aluminum wires. The positive and negative electrodes corresponding to each laser pump source can be connected to an external power supply. The above-mentioned electrode connection method can make the chip arrangement more neat, thereby reducing the difficulty of optical path coupling.

[0050] For example, Figure 3 The diagram shows two total positive electrodes 15 and two total negative electrodes 16. The two total positive electrodes 15 can correspond to the positive electrodes of a blue light chip (which can be composed of multiple blue light chips connected in series) and a red light chip (which can be composed of one or more red light chips connected in series), respectively. The two total negative electrodes 16 can correspond to the negative electrodes of a blue light chip (which can be composed of multiple blue light chips connected in series) and a red light chip (which can be composed of one or more red light chips connected in series), respectively. Based on the beam of light output from the red light chip (visible light, typically used to indicate position), such as... Figure 3The relative positions of the total positive and total negative electrodes shown are only an example. They can also be set to be spaced apart from each other, or the two total positive electrodes 15 can be set at both ends and the two total negative electrodes 16 can be set in the middle of the two total positive electrodes 15. This application does not limit this.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, for each laser pump source, the laser pump source internally includes at least the following components: a fast-axis collimating mirror, a slow-axis collimating mirror, and a reflecting mirror; the components can be coupled in the following manner: for each laser pump source, during the power-on operation of the chip of the laser pump source, the spot characteristics of the output beam of the laser pump source are monitored, so that the output beams of the laser pump source converge to the same spot, the spot intersects the central axis, and the characteristics include at least power, spot position, and shape, and the position of the component is finely adjusted based on the characteristics until the target matching condition is met and then fixed.

[0052] The aforementioned monitoring of the beam spot characteristics of the laser pump source output beam can be achieved using a beam spot analyzer. Specifically, the beams emitted from the multiple laser pump sources converge to the same beam spot in the following manner: The laser pump sources are powered on, and the beam spot position on the target plane is adjusted by modifying the reflector, fast-axis focusing lens, and slow-axis focusing lens in each laser pump source. The position of each beam on the target plane is continuously observed using a laser beam spot analyzer, ensuring that the center of each beam spot coincides with the central axis on the target plane, which can be a printing plane. The laser beam spot analyzer can be placed at the focal point where the beams from each laser pump source converge. In actual production applications, the aforementioned optical components may also include filters, dichroic mirrors, and other optical components. This application does not impose any limitations on these components, as long as optical path coupling is achieved.

[0053] In this embodiment of the application, a 3D printing device is also provided, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the system includes: the aforementioned multi-laser beam 3D printing head 17 for additive manufacturing; and a filament feeding mechanism 18. The filament feeding mechanism includes at least: a central filament feeding tube 19, the diameter of the filament feeding channel inside the central filament feeding tube 19 ranging from 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm, and the central filament feeding tube 19 being coaxial with the aforementioned central axis. The coaxiality deviation with the aforementioned focal point of the laser spot is no greater than 0.02 mm, that is, the intersection of the center point of the aforementioned laser spot and the centerline of the central filament feeding tube should theoretically coincide, with an offset error of no greater than 0.02 mm. The filament feeding tube can be made of ceramic, the filament feeding speed is adjustable from 0.5 to 15 m / min, the repeatability accuracy can reach ±0.05 mm, and it is compatible with metal (stainless steel, titanium alloy, gold, silver, copper) and non-metal (carbon fiber reinforced filament, ceramic composite filament) filaments with diameters of 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0054] Furthermore, the 3D printing device may also include a printing platform for supporting the printed object. During the printing process, the platform will gradually lower or raise as needed to ensure that the printing material of each layer can solidify smoothly. The choice of its material is related to the adhesion and temperature change of the printing material.

[0055] The drive system is used to drive the print head and the filament feeding mechanism. Specifically, the drive system controls the precise movement of the print head in the X, Y, and Z axes through stepper motors and transmission components such as belts and lead screws, so that the print head can perform printing operations according to the preset path and position, ensuring that the printed object meets the design requirements. The extrusion motor in the drive system provides power to the filament feeding mechanism, drives the extrusion wheel to rotate, pulls the consumable from the material tray and feeds it into the hot end of the print head, and precisely controls the extrusion amount and extrusion speed to ensure that the printing material can be extruded from the nozzle at a preset rate.

[0056] The control system is responsible for receiving and processing control commands from the computer. By working in conjunction with the drive system, heating system, and other systems, it precisely controls the movement of the print head, the supply of material, and the adjustment of temperature to ensure the smooth progress of the printing process and the quality of the print.

[0057] The cooling system, including the liquid cooling system based on cooling water channels mentioned above, can also control the cooling rate of the printing material through other cooling devices such as fans, to ensure stable printing effect of each layer and avoid problems such as cracks or unevenness caused by excessive cooling.

[0058] The machine body structure, made of metal frame or high-strength plastic, ensures the stability of the equipment during printing, while providing support and protection for the internal components.

[0059] The power system, designed to ensure the printer operates efficiently for extended periods, can be equipped with an intelligent power management system to guarantee a stable power supply.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1 The 3D printing head shown is merely one embodiment of the solution in this application and does not constitute a limitation on the solution in this application. The shell 1 may also include a portion that is larger than... Figure 1 The first part 2, the connecting part 3, and the laser pump source 6 shown may include more or fewer components than those shown in the diagram. Figure 1 The number of chips 7 and optical components 8 shown may be more or less, but is not specified here.

[0061] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the detailed descriptions of other embodiments above, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] In practice, each of the above units or structures can be implemented as an independent entity or can be arbitrarily combined to be implemented as the same or several entities. For the specific implementation of each of the above units or structures, please refer to the previous method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0063] For details on the implementation of each of the above operations, please refer to the previous examples, which will not be repeated here.

[0064] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing, characterized in that, include: The housing has a plurality of first parts, which are arranged in a ring around the central axis of the housing. A connecting portion is provided between two adjacent first parts. Each first part has a recessed area and a non-recessed surface. For each first part, the distance between the recessed area of ​​the first part and the central axis is less than the distance between the non-recessed surface of the first part and the central axis. The housing is manufactured based on a one-piece molding process, which includes 3D printing. Multiple laser pump sources are provided, each laser pump source is disposed in a corresponding first part, and each laser pump source includes multiple chips and optical components. The multiple chips and optical components of the laser pump source are disposed in a recessed area in the corresponding first part of the laser pump source. The laser beams output from the multiple laser pump sources converge to the same spot in the following manner: the laser pump sources are powered on, and the spot position of the laser beam output from each laser pump source on the target plane is adjusted by adjusting the reflector, fast-axis focusing lens and slow-axis focusing lens in each laser pump source. The position of each beam on the target plane is continuously observed based on the laser spot analyzer, so that the center of the spot of each beam coincides with the central axis on the target plane, and the target plane can be the printing plane.

2. The multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing has multiple output holes, which are configured one-to-one with the multiple laser pump sources. Each laser pump source outputs laser light based on the output hole corresponding to it. The laser light output by each laser pump source converges into the same spot, and the spot intersects the central axis.

3. The multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The different first parts have the same target angle with the central axis, and the different connecting parts have the same curvature of the projection on the first preset plane, which at least includes the plane where the light spot is located.

4. The multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, For each laser pump source, a protective cover is provided in the first part where the laser pump source is located to protect the chip and optical components of the laser pump source. The protective cover is connected to the non-heat sink area in the first part where the laser pump source is located based on a preset connection method, which includes at least one of screws, welding or bonding.

5. The multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, For each laser pump source, a cooling water channel is provided on the second surface of the first part corresponding to the laser pump source. The second surface is the surface opposite to the surface where the heat sink area of ​​the plurality of chips is located in the first part. The housing is also provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, which are located in the area of ​​the housing other than the first part.

6. The multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shell is made of copper, aluminum, or other materials with thermal conductivity that meet preset requirements.

7. The multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing as described in claim 2, characterized in that, For each laser pump source, the positive electrodes of multiple chips in the laser pump source are connected in series using an ultrasonic thermo-press bonding process and connecting wires to form a total positive electrode. The negative electrodes of multiple chips in the laser pump source are connected in series using an ultrasonic thermo-press bonding process and connecting wires to form a total negative electrode. The total positive electrode and the total negative electrode of the laser pump source are exposed from the first part to which the laser pump source belongs through a first hole. The first hole is located at the end of the first part opposite to the output hole.

8. The multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, For each laser pumping source, the optical components of the laser pumping source include at least the following elements: a fast-axis collimating mirror, a slow-axis collimating mirror, and a reflecting mirror; The components are coupled in the following manner: for each laser pump source, during the operation of the chip of the laser pump source, the spot characteristics of the output beam of the laser pump source are monitored, so that the output beams of the laser pump source converge to the same spot, the spot intersects the central axis, and the characteristics include at least power, spot position and shape. The position of the components is finely adjusted based on the characteristics until the target matching conditions are met and then fixed.

9. A 3D printing device, characterized in that, include: The multi-laser beam 3D printing head for additive manufacturing as described in claims 1-8; The wire feeding mechanism includes: A central wire feed tube, wherein the diameter of the wire feed channel inside the central wire feed tube ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm, the central wire feed tube is coaxial with the central axis as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the coaxiality deviation with the focal point of the light spot as described in any one of claims 2, 3, and 8 is not greater than 0.02 mm.

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