Automatic tilting stop lug for closing bearing cover

Abstract

The invention discloses a bearing cover closing automatic lug tilting and stopping device, which belongs to the technical field of railway wagon axle maintenance equipment, and mainly comprises a transition disc, a duplex seat, a lug prying mechanism, a spring group and a butt clamp mechanism, according to the stop lug prying mechanism, a gear and a rack are driven by an air cylinder to conduct transmission, a lug lifting shaft is driven to rotate forwards and backwards, and six stop lugs on an anti-loosening piece are sequentially pried in two times. According to the butt clamping mechanism, two clamping jaws are driven by another air cylinder to move oppositely along a linear guide rail, and the pried stop lug is accurately pressed and attached to the side face of the shaft end bolt head. According to the device, full-automatic operation of stop lug prying operation is achieved, the problems that manual operation is large in labor intensity, low in efficiency, large in potential safety hazard and incapable of being integrated into an automatic production line are solved, and the production efficiency and the safety performance of axle overhauling operation are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of railway freight car axle maintenance equipment, in particular to a device for automatically prying up and pressing a locking piece stop lug. BACKGROUND

[0002] Railway freight car axles need to be maintained after long-term operation, and after maintenance, the stop lug on the axle end locking piece needs to be pried up and attached to the side of the bolt head to prevent the bolt from loosening. The traditional operation method relies on manual operation using a stop lug pliers, which has the problems of high labor intensity, low operation efficiency, many safety hazards, and cannot meet the needs of automatic production lines. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a bearing cover automatic stop lug device to solve the problems of low efficiency, poor safety, and inability to automate in the prior art. The device combines pneumatic drive and mechanical transmission to automatically pry up and press the stop lug.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following scheme:

[0005] The bearing cover automatic stop lug provided by the present application is characterized in that the whole machine is composed of a transition disc (1), a double seat (2), a stop lug prying mechanism (3), a spring group (4), and a clamping mechanism (5). The transition disc (1) is a circular load-bearing disc structure, the upper surface of which is used to connect with a six-axis robot, and the lower surface is fixedly connected with the double seat (2) through bolts. The six-axis robot drives the whole device to move in horizontal and vertical directions when it acts. The double seat (2) is a welded structural member composed of a rectangular plate and an L-shaped plate, which is used as a main support structure to install the remaining functional mechanisms. The stop lug prying mechanism (3) is located on the side of the double seat (2) and is used to pry up the stop lug on the locking piece. The spring group (4) is composed of four springs with the same structure and is used to buffer the released pressure when the device is lifted. The clamping mechanism (5) is located directly below the spring group (4) and is used to press the prying stop lug to the side of the bolt head.

[0006] Preferably, the ear lever mechanism (3) is composed of an ear shaft (301), a bolt positioning disc (302), a lifting seat (303), a rack (304), a linear guide 1 (305), a moving plate (306), a connecting seat 1 (307), a cylinder 1 (308), a gear (309), a cylinder 2 (310), a connecting seat 2 (311), an L-shaped fixed plate (312), a linear guide 2 (313), a connecting seat 3 (314); the ear shaft (301) is a special-shaped part with three-equal-projection structure on the surface, which is coaxially installed on the lifting seat (303) with the bolt positioning disc (302) and the gear (309); the bolt positioning disc (302) is a disc structure with three-equal-hemispherical structures on the surface, which is used to support and limit the hexagonal head of the shaft end bolt to prevent it from rotating during the ear lifting action; the lifting seat (303) is a load-bearing structural part welded by steel plates; the rack (304) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the moving plate (306), which is slidably connected with the lifting seat (303) through the linear guide 1 (305) and drives the ear shaft (301) to rotate through meshing action with the gear (309); the cylinder 1 (308) is located between the moving plate (306) and the lifting seat (303), which is hingedly connected with the moving plate (306) through the connecting seat 1 (307) and with the lifting seat (303) through the connecting seat 3 (314), and drives the moving plate (306) to move horizontally when the cylinder 1 (308) acts, and then drives the ear shaft (301) to rotate through the meshing action of the rack (304) and the gear (309); the cylinder 2 (310) is fixedly installed on the L-shaped fixed plate (312), and the piston rod is connected with the lifting seat (303) through the connecting seat 2 (311); the connecting seat 2 (311) is located on the inner side of the lifting seat (303); the linear guide 2 (313) is located between the lifting seat (303) and the L-shaped fixed plate (312), and drives the lifting seat (303) to move vertically and buffer pressure when the cylinder 2 (310) acts; during operation, the cylinder 2 (310) acts, the piston rod extends, drives the lifting seat (303) and the structure thereon to rise, the bolt positioning disc (302) aligns and accommodates the bolt head, the piston rod of the connecting end of the cylinder 1 (308) and the moving plate (306) is retracted, and then the rack (304) and the gear (309) are meshed to drive the ear shaft (301) to rotate counterclockwise to lift the three ears on the lock washer, then the piston rod of the connecting end of the cylinder 1 (308) and the lifting seat (303) extends, the rack (304) and the gear (309) are meshed again, and then the ear shaft (301) is driven to rotate clockwise to lift the other three ears on the lock washer, thereby completing the lifting action of the six ears in two times.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping mechanism (5) consists of a connecting plate (51), a limiting baffle (52), a linear guide pair 3 (53), a cylinder head (54), a gripper 1 (55), a gripper 2 (56), a cylinder 3 (57), and a cylinder tailstock (58). The connecting plate (51) is a rectangular plate with its upper end connected to the spring assembly (4) and its lower end connected to the linear guide pair 3 (53). There are two limiting baffles (52), and the two baffles are identical in structure. They are installed on both sides of the lower end of the connecting plate (51) to limit the stroke of the gripper 1 (55) and the gripper 2 (56). The gripper 1 (55) and the gripper 2 (56) are identical in structure. The clamping jaw 1 (55) is connected to the cylinder head (54), the clamping jaw 2 (56) is connected to the cylinder tail seat (58), and the cylinder 3 (57) is fixedly installed on the clamping jaw 2 (56) through the cylinder tail seat (58) to provide power for the clamping mechanism (5). When the cylinder 3 (57) is activated, its piston rod extends, thereby driving the clamping jaw 1 (55) and the clamping jaw 2 (56) to move in opposite directions. The limiting baffle (52) restricts the stroke of the two clamping jaws, thereby causing the raised stop ear to press against the hexagonal head side of the shaft end bolt. When the piston rod of the cylinder 3 (57) retracts, it drives the clamping jaw 1 (55) and the clamping jaw 2 (56) to move in opposite directions, disengaging from the hexagonal head side of the bolt, and the pressing action of the stop ear is completed.

[0008] The present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic bearing cover lifting and locking device that achieves fully automated operation. Through the coordinated linkage of the locking and locking mechanism and the clamping mechanism, it completely replaces traditional manual labor, automating the entire process from identification and positioning, lifting the locking and locking to pressing and fitting, greatly improving work efficiency. It significantly reduces labor intensity and safety risks, eliminating the need for operators to perform high-intensity, high-risk close-range operations with hand tools, fundamentally eliminating safety hazards and freeing workers from repetitive labor. The mechanical structure and programmed control ensure that the trajectory, angle, and force of each lifting and pressing action are highly consistent. This design avoids quality fluctuations caused by fatigue or skill differences in manual operations, greatly improving the reliability and consistency of maintenance. It is perfectly compatible with automated production lines, and its ingenious structural design ensures reliable operation. It utilizes gear and rack transmission to achieve precise rotational prying, combined with cylinder-driven linear motion, and linear guide pairs to ensure the stability and accuracy of the motion. The entire mechanism operates smoothly, reliably, and with good durability. As a standardized and integrable functional module, its automation and controllability allow it to be seamlessly integrated into modern unmanned wheel and axle maintenance production lines, making it a key piece of equipment for achieving intelligent upgrades of production lines. Attached Figure Description

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and all other drawings obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort based on these drawings belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0011] Figure 1 Front view of automatic ear prying mechanism for bearing cover;

[0012] Figure 2 Side view of ear prying mechanism;

[0013] Figure 3 Side view of clamping mechanism;

[0014] In the drawings: 1-transition disc; 2-double seat; 3-ear prying mechanism; 4-spring group; 5-clamping mechanism;

[0015] 301-ear shaft; 302-bolt positioning disc; 303-lifting seat group; 304-rack; 305-linear guide pair 1; 306-moving plate; 307-connection seat 1; 308-cylinder 1; 309-gear; 310-cylinder 2; 311-connection seat 2; 312-L-shaped fixed plate; 313-linear guide pair 2; 314-connection seat 3;

[0016] 51-connection plate; 52-limiting baffle; 53-linear guide pair 3; 54-cylinder head; 55-claw 1; 56-claw 2; 57-cylinder 3; 58-cylinder tailstock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0018] Please refer to the drawings of the present application Figure 1 , 2, 3, the whole machine is composed of transition disc (1), double seat (2), stop ear prying mechanism (3), spring group (4), clamping mechanism (5); the transition disc (1) is a circular bearing disc structure, the upper surface thereof is used for being connected with six-axis manipulator, the lower surface thereof is fixedly connected with double seat (2) through bolts, the six-axis manipulator drives the whole device to move in horizontal and vertical directions when acting; the double seat (2) is a welded structural member, which is welded by rectangular and L-shaped steel plates, and is used as a main support structure for installing the remaining functional mechanisms; the stop ear prying mechanism (3) is located on the side of the double seat (2) and is used for prying the stop ear on the lock washer; the spring group (4) is composed of four springs with the same structure and is used for buffering the released pressure when the device is lifted; the clamping mechanism (5) is located directly below the spring group (4) and is used for pressing the prying stop ear to the side surface of the bolt head; the stop ear prying mechanism (3) is composed of ear shaft (301), bolt positioning disc (302), lifting seat assembly (303), rack (304), linear guide pair 1 (305), moving plate (306), connecting seat 1 (307), cylinder 1 (308), gear (309), cylinder 2 (310), connecting seat 2 (311), L-shaped fixed plate (312), linear guide pair 2 (313), connecting seat 3 (314); the ear shaft (301) is a special-shaped member with three-equal-division protrusions on the surface, which is coaxially installed on the lifting seat assembly (303) with the bolt positioning disc (302) and the gear (309); the bolt positioning disc (302) is a disc structure, which is provided with three equal-division semicircular structures on the surface and is used for receiving and limiting the hexagonal head of the shaft end bolt during the action of the stop ear to prevent the rotation of the hexagonal head; the lifting seat assembly (303) is a bearing structural member welded by steel plates; the rack (304) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the moving plate (306), which is slidably connected with the lifting seat assembly (303) through the linear guide pair 1 (305) and rotates the ear shaft (301) through meshing action with the gear (309);The cylinder 1 (308) is located between the moving plate (306) and the lifting seat group (303), one end of which is hinged to the moving plate (306) through the connecting seat 1 (307), and the other end is hinged to the lifting seat group (303) through the connecting seat 3 (314), the cylinder 1 (308) drives the horizontal movement of the moving plate (306) when it acts, and then drives the rotation of the lifting ear shaft (301) through the meshing action of the rack (304) and the gear (309), the cylinder 2 (310) is fixedly installed on the L-shaped fixed plate (312), the piston rod of which is connected with the lifting seat group (303) through the connecting seat 2 (311), the connecting seat 2 (311) is located on the inner side of the lifting seat group (303), the linear guide pair 2 (313) is located between the lifting seat group (303) and the L-shaped fixed plate (312), when the cylinder 2 (310) acts, it can drive the lifting seat group (303) to move along the vertical direction and buffer the pressure; when working, the cylinder 2 (310) acts, the piston rod of which extends, drives the lifting seat group (303) and the structure thereon to rise, so that the bolt positioning disc (302) is aligned and accommodates the bolt head, the connecting end of the cylinder 1 (308) and the moving plate (306) is retracted, and then the rack (304) and the gear (309) are engaged to drive the lifting ear shaft (301) to rotate counterclockwise to lift the three stop ears on the anti-loose piece, then the connecting end of the cylinder 1 (308) and the lifting seat group (303) is extended, the rack (304) and the gear (309) are engaged again, and then the lifting ear shaft (301) is driven to rotate clockwise to pry the other three stop ears on the anti-loose piece, so that the lifting of the six stop ears is completed in two times; the clamping mechanism (5) is composed of a connecting plate (51), a limiting baffle (52), a linear guide pair 3 (53), a cylinder head (54), a clamping jaw 1 (55), a clamping jaw 2 (56), a cylinder 3 (57), and a cylinder tail seat (58).The connecting plate (51) is a rectangular structure plate, the upper end surface of which is connected with the spring group (4), and the lower end surface of which is connected with the linear guide rail pair 3 (53); the limiting baffle (52) is provided with two identical structures, which are respectively installed on both sides of the lower end surface of the connecting plate (51) and used for limiting the stroke of the jaw 1 (55) and the jaw 2 (56); the jaw 1 (55) and the jaw 2 (56) are identical in structure, wherein the jaw 1 (55) is connected with the cylinder head (54), and the jaw 2 (56) is connected with the cylinder tail seat (58); the cylinder 3 (57) is fixedly installed on the jaw 2 (56) through the cylinder tail seat (58) and provides power for the clamping mechanism (5); when the cylinder 3 (57) acts, the piston rod thereof extends, thereby driving the jaw 1 (55) and the jaw 2 (56) to move towards each other, the limiting baffle (52) limits the stroke of the two jaws, thereby enabling the pressed and attached lug to be pressed and attached to the side surface of the hexagonal head of the shaft end bolt, and when the piston rod of the cylinder 3 (57) is retracted, the jaw 1 (55) and the jaw 2 (56) are driven to move away from each other and away from the side surface of the hexagonal head of the bolt, and the pressing and attaching action of the lug is completed.

[0019] The specific working process of the automatic lug prying device is as follows: after the wheel shaft assembled as a whole enters the working position, the lug prying device (3) is coaxial with the wheel shaft, the front end surface of the lug prying device (3) is close to the shaft end mark plate, the cylinder 1 (308) drives the lug prying device (3) to rotate clockwise through the rack (304) and the gear (309), thereby prying up three lugs of the anti-loosening piece, then drives the lug prying device (3) to rotate counterclockwise, thereby prying up the other three lugs of the anti-loosening piece, after the lugs are pried up, the two jaws 1 (55) and the two jaws 2 (56) of the clamping mechanism (5) are pressed and attached to the side surface of the hexagonal head of the shaft end bolt under the driving of the cylinder 3 (56), and the lug prying action is completed; the driving members are reset, and the device returns to the initial state, thereby preparing for the next operation.

[0020] The principle and implementation mode of the present application are described by using specific examples, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, the specific implementation mode and application range can be changed according to the idea of the present application, and the above description should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic anti-tilting lug for a bearing cover, characterized in that, The entire machine consists of a transition plate (1), a double-mounted seat (2), a lug lifting mechanism (3), a spring assembly (4), and a clamping mechanism (5). The transition plate (1) is a circular load-bearing plate structure. Its upper surface is used to connect with the six-axis robot, and its lower surface is fixedly connected to the double-mounted seat (2) by bolts. When the six-axis robot moves, it drives the entire device to move in the horizontal and vertical directions. The double-mounted seat (2) is a welded structural component, which is welded from rectangular and L-shaped steel plates. It serves as the main support structure for installing other functional mechanisms. The lug lifting mechanism (3) is located on the side of the double-mounted seat (2) and is used to pry up the lugs on the anti-loosening plates. The spring assembly (4) consists of four springs with identical structures and is used to buffer the pressure released when the device is raised and lowered. The clamping mechanism (5) is located directly below the spring assembly (4) and is used to press the pried lugs against the side of the bolt head.

2. The bearing cover automatic anti-tilting lug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned lug-lifting mechanism (3) comprises a lug-lifting shaft (301), a bolt positioning disc (302), a lifting seat assembly (303), a rack (304), a linear guide pair 1 (305), a moving plate (306), a connecting seat 1 (307), a cylinder 1 (308), a gear (309), a cylinder 2 (310), a connecting seat 2 (311), an L-shaped fixing plate (312), a linear guide pair 2 (313), and a connecting seat 3 (314). The lug-lifting shaft (301) is a shaped part with a three-part protrusion structure on its surface, and it is coaxially mounted on the lifting seat assembly (303) with the bolt positioning disc (302) and the gear (309). The bolt positioning disc (302) is a disc structure with a surface... The device is equipped with three equally divided semi-circular structures to receive and limit the hexagonal head of the shaft end bolt during the lifting lug action, preventing it from rotating; the lifting seat assembly (303) is a load-bearing structural component welded from steel plates; the rack (304) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the moving plate (306), and is slidably connected to the lifting seat assembly (303) through the linear guide pair 1 (305), and drives the trunnion (301) to rotate by meshing with the gear (309); the cylinder 1 (308) is located between the moving plate (306) and the lifting seat assembly (303), one end of which is hinged to the moving plate (306) through the connecting seat 1 (307), and the other end is connected to the lifting lug through the connecting seat 3 (314). The lowering seat assembly (303) is hinged. When the cylinder 1 (308) is activated, it drives the moving plate (306) to move horizontally, and then drives the trunnion (301) to rotate through the meshing action of the rack (304) and gear (309). The cylinder 2 (310) is fixedly mounted on the L-shaped fixed plate (312). Its piston rod is connected to the lifting seat assembly (303) through the connecting seat 2 (311). The connecting seat 2 (311) is located on the inner side of the lifting seat assembly (303). The linear guide pair 2 (313) is located between the lifting seat assembly (303) and the L-shaped fixed plate (312). When the cylinder 2 (310) is activated, it can drive the lifting seat assembly (303) to move in the vertical direction and buffer the pressure. During operation When cylinder 2 (310) is activated, its piston rod extends, driving the lifting seat assembly (303) and its upper structure to rise, so that the bolt positioning plate (302) is aligned and accommodates the bolt head. The piston rod of the connecting end of cylinder 1 (308) and moving plate (306) retracts, thereby driving the rack (304) and gear (309) to mesh, thereby driving the trunnion (301) to rotate counterclockwise to pry up the three lugs on the anti-loosening plate. Then, the piston rod of the connecting end of cylinder 1 (308) and lifting seat assembly (303) extends, driving the rack (304) and gear (309) to mesh again, thereby driving the trunnion (301) to rotate clockwise to pry up the other three lugs on the anti-loosening plate, thus completing the prying action of the six lugs in two steps.

3. The bearing cover automatic anti-tilting lug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (5) consists of a connecting plate (51), a limiting baffle (52), a linear guide rail pair 3 (53), a cylinder head (54), a gripper 1 (55), a gripper 2 (56), a cylinder 3 (57), and a cylinder tailstock (58). The connecting plate (51) is a rectangular plate with its upper end connected to the spring assembly (4) and its lower end connected to the linear guide rail pair 3 (53). There are two limiting baffles (52), and the two baffles are completely identical in structure. They are installed on both sides of the lower end of the connecting plate (51) to limit the stroke of gripper 1 (55) and gripper 2 (56). The gripper 1 (55) and gripper 2 (56) are completely identical in structure. The middle jaw 1 (55) is connected to the cylinder head (54), and the jaw 2 (56) is connected to the cylinder tail seat (58). The cylinder 3 (57) is fixedly installed on the jaw 2 (56) through the cylinder tail seat (58) to provide power for the clamping mechanism (5). When the cylinder 3 (57) is activated, its piston rod extends, thereby driving the jaw 1 (55) and jaw 2 (56) to move in opposite directions. The limiting baffle (52) restricts the stroke of the two jaws, thereby causing the raised stop ear to press against the hexagonal head side of the shaft end bolt. When the piston rod of the cylinder 3 (57) retracts, it drives the jaw 1 (55) and jaw 2 (56) to move in opposite directions, disengaging from the hexagonal head side of the bolt, and the pressing action of the stop ear is completed.

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