Gear machining high-precision cylindrical grinding machine based on rotatable structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gear machining, and discloses a gear machining high-precision cylindrical grinding machine based on a rotatable structure, which comprises a machine tool, a workbench with a sliding rail is mounted at the upper end of the machine tool, a headstock is mounted on the left side of the upper end of the sliding rail through an electric sliding seat, and a sliding table is slidably mounted on the right side of the upper end of the sliding rail; the upper end of the sliding table is provided with a tailstock through an electric sliding seat. The gear machining high-precision cylindrical grinding machine based on the rotatable structure can effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that a simple jacking or external clamping mode is mostly depended on, a gear is prone to falling or shaking due to instable position during placement, high coaxiality of a main shaft and an inner hole of the gear is difficult to accurately guarantee, the gear is further eccentric during machining, and machining precision is poor. The grinding surface is damaged or the grinding is incomplete. The problems that in a large-batch production scene, a gear needs to be frequently clamped and overturned, the machining efficiency is directly influenced, and the machining precision is further restricted due to positioning errors caused by multiple times of clamping are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear processing technology, and specifically to a high-precision external cylindrical grinding machine for gear processing based on a rotatable structure. Background Technology

[0002] As a key piece of equipment in precision machining, the external cylindrical grinding machine mainly uses a grinding wheel to perform micro-cutting on the surface of a rotating workpiece, achieving micron-level dimensional accuracy and sub-micron-level surface roughness control. In the field of gear manufacturing, the external cylindrical grinding machine undertakes the final machining tasks of functional surfaces such as the reference cylindrical surface of the gear ring, the end face of the shaft shoulder, and the conical surface. Its machining quality directly affects the meshing accuracy, transmission smoothness, and service life of the gears. A traditional external cylindrical grinding machine typically consists of a bed, headstock, tailstock, grinding wheel, transverse feed mechanism, and CNC system. During operation, the workpiece is held and rotated by the headstock spindle, and the grinding wheel completes the grinding of the outer diameter of the workpiece with the cooperation of transverse and longitudinal feed movements.

[0003] To address this issue, this application designs a high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure. Traditional cylindrical grinding machines mostly drive gears through a spindle, relying on simple clamping or external clamping methods, lacking effective elastic clamping and auxiliary limiting. During gear placement, the gear is prone to falling or shaking due to unstable position, making it difficult to accurately ensure high coaxiality between the spindle and the gear's inner hole. This further leads to gear eccentricity during machining, causing damage to the grinding surface or incomplete grinding. In mass production scenarios such as gearbox gears for new energy vehicles, frequent clamping and flipping of gears are required to change the grinding surface, directly affecting machining efficiency. Moreover, the positioning errors introduced by multiple clamping further restrict machining accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure. This effectively solves the problems of existing technologies that mostly rely on simple clamping or external clamping methods, which can easily cause gears to fall or wobble during placement due to instability. This makes it difficult to accurately ensure high coaxiality between the spindle and the gear's inner hole, further leading to gear eccentricity during machining, resulting in damage to the grinding surface or incomplete grinding. In mass production scenarios, frequent clamping and flipping of the gear is required to change the grinding surface, directly impacting machining efficiency. Furthermore, multiple clamping operations introduce positioning errors, further restricting machining accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure, comprising: The machine tool has a worktable with a slide rail installed at the upper end. The headstock is installed on the left side of the upper end of the slide rail via an electric slide block. The slide table is slidably installed on the right side of the upper end of the slide rail. The tailstock is installed on the upper end of the slide table via an electric slider. The slide table and the tailstock are both provided with a tilting part. The headstock and the tailstock are both provided with an inner support part. The flipping unit includes a support frame installed at the upper end of the slide table. The rear end of the support frame is slidably connected to the machine tool. A circular slide groove is provided at the upper end of the slide table corresponding to the support frame. A support slide rod is slidably installed in the circular slide groove. A support slide rod is slidably installed through the upper end of the support frame. Clamping plates are installed at the opposite ends of the support slide rods on both the upper and lower sides. Clamping assemblies are provided on both the upper and lower clamping plates. A flipping assembly is provided on the slide table, the support frame, and the tailstock. The internal support includes a main shaft installed at the right end of the headstock, a protruding plate installed at the left end of the tailstock corresponding to the main shaft, a clamping rod installed at the left end of the protruding plate, and an internal support assembly installed on the main shaft.

[0006] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes receiving grooves located at both ends of the clamping plate. A limiting plate is provided in the receiving groove. Circular sliding holes are symmetrically opened on the inner walls of the opposite ends of the receiving grooves on both sides. A mounting slide rod is slidably installed in the circular sliding hole. A collar is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting slide rod and connected to the inner wall of the corresponding receiving groove by a compression spring. A waist-shaped sliding hole is symmetrically opened at the left end of the limiting plate. The outer wall of the end of the mounting slide rod facing the limiting plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding waist-shaped sliding hole by a compression spring.

[0007] Furthermore, the flipping assembly includes ratchet wheels that are rotatably mounted on both the upper end of the support frame and the upper end of the slide. Symmetrical matching grooves are provided on the outer wall of the support slide rod. The inner wall of the ratchet wheel is slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the corresponding support slide rod through two matching slide bars. Pads and protruding cylinders are rotatably mounted on both the upper end of the support frame and the upper end of the slide. The pads are movably pressed against the corresponding ratchet wheels, and the outer wall of the pads is connected to the outer wall of the corresponding protruding cylinder through a compression spring.

[0008] Furthermore, the flipping assembly also includes extension plates installed on both the upper and lower sides of the left end of the tailstock. The left side of the extension plate facing the ratchet has a mounting groove, and a ratchet rack is slidably installed in the mounting groove by a compression spring.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner support assembly includes a circular cavity located at the right end of the main shaft. Multiple inner support slide plates are slidably installed on the inner wall of the circular cavity through a compression spring. The multiple inner support slide plates are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the inner support slide plates have a Y-shaped structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner support assembly also includes an installation cavity located on the inner wall of the left end of the circular cavity. A magnetic suction rod is slidably installed on the inner wall of the installation cavity via a tension spring, and the right end of the magnetic suction rod is magnetically connected to the left end of the clamping rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a compression spring is fitted on the outer wall of the upper support slide rod between the corresponding clamping plate and the support frame, and a compression spring is fitted on the outer wall of the lower support slide rod between the corresponding clamping plate and the ratchet.

[0012] Furthermore, the right end of the headstock has a clearance groove corresponding to the lower extension plate and ratchet. The right end of the headstock and the left end of the tailstock are symmetrically equipped with push rods corresponding to multiple limit plates. The push rods have a semi-circular head structure, and multiple push rods move and abut against the corresponding limit plates.

[0013] Furthermore, a grinding wheel is slidably mounted on the upper end of the machine tool behind the worktable, and a vertical plate is also mounted on the upper end of the machine tool behind the worktable. A limit rod that is fixedly connected to the grinding wheel is symmetrically slidably mounted on the front end of the vertical plate.

[0014] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This invention provides a high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear processing based on a rotatable structure. When clamping the gear, the operator first places the gear to be ground between two upper and lower clamping plates. At this time, the upper and lower clamping plates work together to elastically clamp the gear, and multiple limiting plates work together to assist in limiting the gear and fit against the outer wall of the gear, thereby achieving the effect of initial clamping and limiting the gear. The gear is easy to place and avoids the problem of the gear falling off due to unstable position after placement.

[0015] The tailstock will drive the corresponding ratchet racks to move to the right via the upper and lower extension plates. The ratchet will mesh with the ratchet racks to rotate until the upper and lower ratchets drive the corresponding support slides to rotate to a certain degree. The upper and lower support slides will then drive the gears to rotate to a certain degree through the corresponding clamping plates and the left and right limit plates to complete the flipping operation. At this time, the gear position is offset and is not parallel to the headstock and tailstock. This eliminates the need for frequent gear loading and unloading, which would affect the gear processing efficiency and avoid positioning errors caused by multiple gear clamping, which would further restrict the processing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-section of the flipping part and the inner support part in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point X in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the slide and the tailstock in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the flipping part in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the clamping assembly and the flipping assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the head frame and spindle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the inner support assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional working state transformation structure of the flipping part and the inner support part in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Machine tool; 11. Grinding wheel; 12. Limiting rod; 2. Worktable; 3. Slide rail; 4. Headstock; 5. Slide table; 6. Tailstock; 7. Tilting section; 71. Support frame; 72. Support slide rod; 73. Clamping plate; 74. Clamping assembly; 741. Limiting plate; 742. Mounting slide rod; 75. Tilting assembly; 751. Ratchet; 752. Pawl; 753. Extension plate; 754. Ratchet rack; 8. Internal support section; 81. Spindle; 82. Protruding plate; 83. Clamping rod; 84. Internal support assembly; 841. Internal support slide plate; 842. Magnetic suction rod; 9. Push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. Example

[0021] Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides a technical solution: a high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure, comprising: Machine tool 1, with a worktable 2 with a slide rail 3 installed on the upper end of the machine tool 1, a headstock 4 installed on the left side of the upper end of the slide rail 3 via an electric slide block, a slide table 5 slidably installed on the right side of the upper end of the slide rail 3, a tailstock 6 installed on the upper end of the slide table 5 via an electric slider, a flipping part 7 is provided on both the slide table 5 and the tailstock 6, and an inner support part 8 is provided on both the headstock 4 and the tailstock 6. The flipping part 7 includes a support frame 71 installed on the upper end of the slide table 5. The rear end of the support frame 71 is slidably connected to the machine tool 1. A circular groove is opened on the upper end of the slide table 5 corresponding to the support frame 71. A support slide rod 72 is slidably installed in the circular groove. The support slide rod 72 is slidably installed through the upper end of the support frame 71. Clamping plates 73 are installed on opposite ends of the support slide rods 72 on both the upper and lower sides. Multiple balls (not shown) are evenly installed on the clamping end face of the clamping plate 73. Clamping groups 74 are provided on both the upper and lower clamping plates 73. A flipping group 75 is provided on the slide table 5, the support frame 71 and the tailstock 6. The inner support part 8 includes a main shaft 81 installed at the right end of the head frame 4, a protruding plate 82 installed at the left end of the tailstock 6 corresponding to the main shaft 81, a clamping rod 83 installed at the left end of the protruding plate 82, and an inner support assembly 84 provided on the main shaft 81.

[0022] The clamping assembly 74 includes receiving grooves located at both ends of the clamping plate 73. A limiting plate 741 is provided in the receiving groove. The outer wall of the limiting plate 741 is an arc-shaped sloping structure. Circular sliding holes are symmetrically opened on the inner walls of the opposite ends of the receiving grooves on both sides. A mounting slide rod 742 is slidably installed in the circular sliding hole. A collar is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting slide rod 742 and connected to the inner wall of the corresponding receiving groove by a compression spring. A waist-shaped sliding hole is symmetrically opened at the left end of the limiting plate 741. The outer wall of the end of the mounting slide rod 742 facing the limiting plate 741 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding waist-shaped sliding hole by a compression spring.

[0023] The flipping assembly 75 includes a ratchet 751 rotatably mounted on both the upper end of the support frame 71 and the upper end of the slide table 5. The outer wall of the support slide rod 72 is symmetrically provided with matching grooves. The inner wall of the ratchet 751 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the corresponding support slide rod 72 by two matching slide bars. The upper end of the support frame 71 and the upper end of the slide table 5 are rotatably mounted with a pawl 752 and a protruding cylinder. The pawl 752 is movably pressed against the corresponding ratchet 751, and the outer wall of the pawl 752 is connected to the outer wall of the corresponding protruding cylinder by a compression spring.

[0024] The flipping assembly 75 also includes an extension plate 753 installed on both the upper and lower sides of the left end of the tailstock 6. The left side of the extension plate 753 facing the ratchet 751 has a mounting groove, and a ratchet rack 754 is slidably installed in the mounting groove by a compression spring.

[0025] The inner support assembly 84 includes a circular cavity located at the right end of the main shaft 81. Multiple inner support slide plates 841 are slidably installed on the inner wall of the circular cavity by compression springs. The multiple inner support slide plates 841 are evenly distributed around the circumference and have a Y-shaped structure.

[0026] The inner support assembly 84 also includes an installation cavity on the inner wall of the left end of the circular cavity. A magnetic suction rod 842 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the installation cavity by a tension spring. The right end of the magnetic suction rod 842 is magnetically connected to the left end of the clamping rod 83.

[0027] A compression spring is fitted on the outer wall of the upper support slide rod 72 between the corresponding clamping plate 73 and the support frame 71, and a compression spring is fitted on the outer wall of the lower support slide rod 72 between the corresponding clamping plate 73 and the ratchet 751.

[0028] The right end of the headstock 4 has a clearance groove corresponding to the lower extension plate 753 and ratchet 754. The right end of the headstock 4 and the left end of the tailstock 6 are symmetrically equipped with multiple limit plates 741. The push rods 9 have a semi-circular head structure, and multiple push rods 9 move and abut against the corresponding limit plates 741.

[0029] A grinding wheel 11 is slidably mounted on the upper end of the machine tool 1 behind the worktable 2. A vertical plate is also mounted on the upper rear side of the machine tool 1. A limit rod 12, which is fixedly connected to the grinding wheel 11, is symmetrically slidably mounted on the front end of the vertical plate.

[0030] In practice: First, both the headstock 4 and the slide table 5 in this application can slide left and right along the slide rail 3 to adjust their positions according to the workpiece processing position. Under the action of the two compression springs on the mounting slide rod 742, the left and right limit plates 741 on the upper and lower clamping plates 73 initially extend into the corresponding receiving grooves. At this time, the upper and lower limit plates 741 will approach each other, and the mounting slide rods 742 on the upper and lower sides will be located on the side of the waist-shaped sliding holes on the upper and lower limit plates 741 that are far away from each other. The grinding wheel 11 is also initially located at the upper end of the machine tool 1 away from the worktable 2.

[0031] When clamping the gear, the operator first places the gear to be ground between the upper and lower clamping plates 73. At this time, the upper and lower clamping plates 73 work together to elastically clamp the gear, and multiple limiting plates 741 work together to assist in limiting the gear. During this process, the gear will simultaneously press the upper and lower limiting plates 741 in the placement direction to retract into the corresponding receiving grooves, and the upper and lower clamping plates 73 will also be compressed to move away from each other. After the gear is placed, under the action of the two compression springs on the mounting slide rod 742, the left and right limiting plates 741 on the upper and lower clamping plates 73 will first extend into the corresponding receiving grooves. Then, the left and right limiting plates 741 on both the upper and lower sides will move closer to each other to return to their original positions and fit against the outer wall of the gear, thereby achieving the effect of initial clamping and limiting of the gear. The gear is placed conveniently, avoiding the problem of the gear falling due to unstable position after placement.

[0032] It should be noted that, under the action of the compression spring, the multiple inner support slide plates 841 will initially retract into the circular cavity. At this time, the magnetic suction rod 842 will retract into the installation cavity due to the obstruction and limitation of the multiple inner support slide plates 841. Then, the electric slide block is controlled to drive the head frame 4 to slide to the right along the slide rail 3 to the appropriate position. At the same time, the operator controls the slide table 5 to drive the tail seat 6 to slide to the left along the slide rail 3 to the appropriate position. Then, the electric slider is controlled to drive the tail seat 6 to slide along the upper end of the slide table 5 to the appropriate position until the head frame 4 drives the main shaft 81 to insert into the gear. The tail seat 6 drives the clamping rod 83 to insert into the circular cavity on the main shaft 81 through the protrusion plate 82. During this period, the multiple inner support slide plates 841 will be squeezed back into the circular cavity. Then, the clamping rod 83 will simultaneously push against multiple inner support slide plates 841, causing them to extend outwards from the main shaft 81. The multiple inner support slide plates 841 will release their blocking and limiting effect on the magnetic suction rod 842. Under the action of magnetic attraction, the magnetic suction rod 842 will extend to the right and magnetically connect to the clamping rod 83. At this time, the magnetic suction rod 842 will further simultaneously push against multiple inner support slide plates 841, causing them to extend outwards from the main shaft 81. This achieves the effect of multiple inner support slide plates 841 jointly clamping the inner wall of the gear. It can also ensure the coaxiality of the main shaft 81 and the clamping rod 83 through the inner support clamping, thereby adjusting the gear coaxially and avoiding the problem of positional eccentricity during gear grinding, which could lead to damage to the grinding surface or incomplete grinding.

[0033] It should also be noted that during the process of controlling the electric slide to drive the head frame 4 to slide to the right along the slide rail 3 to a suitable position, and simultaneously controlling the slide table 5 to drive the tailstock 6 to slide to the left along the slide rail 3 to a suitable position, the tailstock 6 will drive the corresponding ratchet racks 754 to move to the left through the upper and lower extension plates 753 respectively. When the upper and lower ratchet racks 754 move to the front of the corresponding ratchet 751, the upper and lower ratchet racks 751 are respectively pressed and limited by the corresponding pawls 752, and cannot engage with the ratchet racks 754 to rotate. The upper and lower ratchet racks 754 will retract into the corresponding mounting slots. After the upper and lower ratchet racks 754 move to the leftmost position away from the corresponding ratchet 751, they will extend out of the corresponding mounting slots again to return to their original positions under the action of the compression spring.

[0034] When the clamping rod 83 is inserted into the circular cavity and magnetically connected to the magnetic suction rod 842, the multiple push rods 9 at the right end of the headstock 4 and the multiple push rods 9 at the left end of the tailstock 6 will respectively abut against the arc-shaped ramp structure of the corresponding limiting plate 741. The left and right limiting plates 741 on the upper and lower sides will be squeezed and move away from each other. At this time, the mounting slide rods 742 on the upper and lower sides will be located on the side of the waist-shaped sliding hole on the upper and lower limiting plates 741 that are close to each other. The left and right limiting plates 741 on the upper and lower clamping plates 73 will retract into the corresponding receiving groove, releasing the auxiliary limiting work on the gear, thereby achieving the effect of not blocking the grinding wheel on the grinding machine 11 from grinding the outer circle of the gear.

[0035] When grinding the outer diameter of one end of the gear, the external drive controls the two limit rods 12 on the left and right to move the grinding wheel 11 forward to a suitable position, so that the grinding wheel of the grinding wheel 11 is in contact with the outer diameter of one end of the gear. Then, the headstock 4 controls the spindle 81 to rotate, and at the same time controls the grinding wheel 11 to drive the grinding wheel to rotate in the opposite direction. The spindle 81 will drive the gear to rotate through multiple inner support slide plates 841. During this period, multiple balls on the clamping ends of the upper and lower clamping plates 73 will reduce friction on the gear, thereby achieving the effect of grinding the outer diameter of the gear.

[0036] After grinding the outer diameter of this end of the gear, when it is necessary to flip the gear, first control the electric slide to drive the headstock 4 to slide to the left along the slide rail 3 to return to its original position. At the same time, control the electric slider to drive the tailstock 6 to slide to the right along the upper end of the slide table 5 to return to its original position, until the headstock 4 drives the main shaft 81 to completely exit the gear. The tailstock 6 drives the clamping rod 83 through the protrusion plate 82. The gear is completely withdrawn from the circular cavity on the main shaft 81. During this process, the magnetic suction rod 842 will disengage from the clamping rod 83. After the main shaft 81 withdraws from the gear, it will retract into the mounting cavity under the action of the tension spring. The headstock 4 and tailstock 6 will both drive the corresponding multiple push rods 9 away from each other and release the resistance effect on the corresponding limiting plate 741. At this time, under the action of the two compression springs on the mounting slide rod 742, the left and right limiting plates 741 on the upper and lower clamping plates 73 will first extend out of the corresponding receiving grooves. Then, the left and right limiting plates 741 on the upper and lower sides will move closer to each other to return to their original positions and fit against the outer wall of the gear, thereby restoring the effect of initial clamping and limiting the gear.

[0037] In addition, the tailstock 6 will drive the corresponding ratchet 754 to move to the right through the upper and lower extension plates 753 respectively. When the upper and lower ratchet 754 move to the front of the corresponding ratchet 751, the ratchet 751 will mesh with the ratchet 754 to rotate until the upper and lower ratchet 751 drive the corresponding support slide 72 to rotate nearly 180 degrees. The upper and lower support slide 72 will drive the gear to rotate nearly 180 degrees through the corresponding clamping plate 73 and the two left and right limit plates 741 respectively to complete the flipping operation. At this time, the gear position is offset and is not parallel to the headstock 4 and tailstock 6. It is not necessary to frequently load and unload the gear, which would affect the gear processing efficiency and avoid the problem of positioning errors caused by multiple gear clamping, which would further restrict the processing accuracy.

[0038] When grinding the outer circle of the other end of the gear, the electric slide block is controlled again to drive the headstock 4 to slide to the right along the slide rail 3 to a suitable position. At the same time, the electric slider is controlled to drive the tailstock 6 to slide along the upper end of the slide table 5 to a suitable position. This achieves the effect of multiple inner support slide plates 841 jointly supporting and clamping the inner wall of the gear. During this period, when the upper and lower ratchet racks 754 move to the front of the corresponding ratchet 751, the upper and lower ratchet racks 754 will retract into the corresponding mounting slots. After the upper and lower ratchet racks 754 move to the leftmost position away from the corresponding ratchet 751, they will extend out of the corresponding mounting slots again to return to their original positions under the action of the compression spring. The multiple push rods 9 at the right end of the headstock 4 and the multiple push rods 9 at the left end of the tailstock 6 will respectively abut against the arc-shaped ramp structure of the corresponding limiting plate 741. The left and right sides of the upper and lower clamping plates 73 Each limiting plate 741 will retract into its corresponding receiving groove, releasing the auxiliary limiting work on the gear, thereby achieving the effect of not obstructing the grinding wheel on the grinding machine 11 from grinding the outer circle of the gear. While the multiple push rods 9 at the right end of the headstock 4 and the multiple push rods 9 at the left end of the tailstock 6 are respectively abutting against the corresponding limiting plates 741, the spindle 81 will gradually insert into the gear to achieve a horizontal correction effect. In conjunction with the push rod 9 that first contacts the corresponding limiting plate 741, it will also have a horizontal correction effect on the upper and lower clamping plates 73, until the multiple push rods 9 at the right end of the headstock 4 and the multiple push rods 9 at the left end of the tailstock 6 are all abutting against the corresponding limiting plates 741, so that the upper and lower clamping plates 73 together drive the gear to rotate to a position parallel to the headstock 4 and the tailstock 6, avoiding the problem of positional deviation during grinding of the outer circle of the gear, which would affect the grinding quality.

[0039] Repeat the steps of grinding the outer circle of the gear for the first time. The two limit rods 12 on the left and right are driven by the external device to move the grinding wheel 11 forward to a suitable position, so that the grinding wheel of the grinding wheel 11 is in contact with the outer circle of one end of the gear. At the same time, the spindle 81 is controlled to rotate by the head frame 4, and the grinding wheel 11 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction. The spindle 81 will drive the gear to rotate through multiple inner support slide plates 841, thereby achieving the effect of grinding the outer circle of the other end of the gear.

[0040] In summary, this application has the following advantages: Firstly, when clamping the gear, the operator first places the gear to be ground between the upper and lower clamping plates 73. At this time, the upper and lower clamping plates 73 work together to elastically clamp the gear, and multiple limiting plates 741 work together to assist in limiting the gear and fit against the outer wall of the gear, thereby achieving the effect of initial clamping and limiting the gear. The gear is easy to place and avoids the problem of the gear falling off due to unstable position after placement.

[0041] Secondly, it should be noted that the headstock 4 and tailstock 6 are slid to appropriate positions until the spindle 81 is inserted into the gear and the clamping rod 83 is inserted into the circular cavity on the spindle 81. The clamping rod 83 will first push multiple inner support slide plates 841 simultaneously, causing them to extend outward from the spindle 81. The magnetic suction rod 842 will also extend to the right and magnetically connect to the clamping rod 83, thereby achieving the effect of multiple inner support slide plates 841 jointly clamping the inner wall of the gear. The inner support clamping can also ensure the coaxiality of the spindle 81 and the clamping rod 83, thereby adjusting the gear coaxially and avoiding the problem of positional eccentricity during gear grinding, which could lead to damage to the grinding surface or incomplete grinding.

[0042] Thirdly, when the clamping rod 83 is inserted into the circular cavity and magnetically connected to the magnetic suction rod 842, the multiple push rods 9 on the right end of the headstock 4 and the multiple push rods 9 on the left end of the tailstock 6 will respectively abut against the arc-shaped ramp structure of the corresponding limiting plate 741. The left and right limiting plates 741 on the upper and lower sides will be squeezed and move away from each other. The left and right limiting plates 741 on the upper and lower clamping plates 73 will retract into the corresponding receiving grooves, releasing the auxiliary limiting work on the gear, thereby achieving the effect of not blocking the grinding wheel on the grinding wheel machine 11 from grinding the outer circle of the gear.

[0043] Fourthly, when grinding the outer diameter of one end of the gear, the external drive controls the two limit rods 12 on the left and right to move the grinding wheel 11 forward to a suitable position, so that the grinding wheel of the grinding wheel 11 is in contact with the outer diameter of one end of the gear. Then, the headstock 4 controls the spindle 81 to rotate, and at the same time controls the grinding wheel 11 to drive the grinding wheel to rotate in the opposite direction. The spindle 81 will drive the gear to rotate through multiple inner support slide plates 841. During this period, multiple balls on the clamping ends of the upper and lower clamping plates 73 will reduce friction on the gear, thereby achieving the effect of grinding the outer diameter of the gear.

[0044] Fifthly, when the gear needs to be flipped, the headstock 4 and tailstock 6 are first controlled to return to their original positions until the headstock 4 drives the main shaft 81 to completely exit the gear. The tailstock 6 drives the clamping rod 83 to completely exit the circular cavity on the main shaft 81 through the protrusion plate 82. The headstock 4 and tailstock 6 will both drive the corresponding multiple push rods 9 to move away from each other and release the resistance effect on the corresponding limit plate 741. Then, the left and right limit plates 741 on the upper and lower sides will move closer to each other to return to their original positions and fit against the outer wall of the gear, thereby restoring the effect of initially clamping and limiting the gear.

[0045] Sixthly, the tailstock 6 will drive the corresponding ratchet 754 to move to the right via the upper and lower extension plates 753. The ratchet 751 will mesh with the ratchet 754 to rotate until the upper and lower ratchet 751 drive the corresponding support slide 72 to rotate nearly 180 degrees. The upper and lower support slide 72 will then drive the gear to rotate nearly 180 degrees via the corresponding clamping plate 73 and the left and right limit plates 741 to complete the flipping operation. At this time, the gear position is offset and is not parallel to the headstock 4 and tailstock 6. This eliminates the need for frequent gear loading and unloading, which would affect the gear processing efficiency and avoid positioning errors caused by multiple gear clamping, thus preventing further constraints on processing accuracy.

[0046] Advantage 7: When grinding the outer diameter of the other end of the gear, first control multiple inner support slide plates 841 to restore their joint support and clamping of the gear's inner wall. Multiple push rods 9 on the right end of the headstock 4 and multiple push rods 9 on the left end of the tailstock 6 will respectively abut against the arc-shaped ramp structure of the corresponding limiting plate 741. The left and right limiting plates 741 on the upper and lower clamping plates 73 will retract into their corresponding receiving grooves, releasing the auxiliary limiting work on the gear. During this period, the spindle 81 will gradually insert into the gear to achieve a horizontal correction effect. In conjunction with the push rod 9 that first contacts the corresponding limiting plate 741, it will also achieve a horizontal correction effect on the upper and lower clamping plates 73 until multiple push rods 9 on the right end of the headstock 4 and multiple push rods 9 on the left end of the tailstock 6 abut against the corresponding limiting plate 741, so that the upper and lower clamping plates 73 jointly drive the gear to rotate to a position parallel to the headstock 4 and the tailstock 6, avoiding the problem of positional deviation during grinding of the gear's outer diameter, which would affect the grinding quality.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure, characterized in that, include: Machine tool (1), the upper end of the machine tool (1) is equipped with a worktable (2) with a slide rail (3), the upper left side of the slide rail (3) is equipped with a headstock (4) via an electric slide block, the upper right side of the slide rail (3) is equipped with a slide table (5), the upper end of the slide table (5) is equipped with a tailstock (6) via an electric slider, the slide table (5) and the tailstock (6) are both provided with a flipping part (7), the headstock (4) and the tailstock (6) are both provided with an inner support part (8); The flipping part (7) includes a support frame (71) installed on the upper end of the slide table (5). The rear end of the support frame (71) is slidably connected to the machine tool (1). A circular groove is opened on the upper end of the slide table (5) corresponding to the support frame (71). A support slide rod (72) is slidably installed in the circular groove. The support slide rod (72) is slidably installed through the upper end of the support frame (71). Clamping plates (73) are installed at the opposite ends of the support slide rods (72) on both the upper and lower sides. Clamping groups (74) are provided on the clamping plates (73) on both the upper and lower sides. A flipping group (75) is provided on the slide table (5), the support frame (71) and the tailstock (6). The inner support (8) includes a main shaft (81) installed at the right end of the head frame (4), a protruding plate (82) installed at the left end of the tailstock (6) corresponding to the main shaft (81), a clamping rod (83) installed at the left end of the protruding plate (82), and an inner support assembly (84) provided on the main shaft (81).

2. The high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (74) includes receiving grooves located at both ends of the clamping plate (73). A limiting plate (741) is provided in the receiving groove. Circular sliding holes are symmetrically opened on the inner walls of the opposite ends of the receiving grooves on both sides. A mounting slide rod (742) is slidably installed in the circular sliding hole. A collar is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the mounting slide rod (742) and connected to the inner wall of the corresponding receiving groove by a compression spring. A waist-shaped sliding hole is symmetrically opened on the left end of the limiting plate (741). The outer wall of the end of the mounting slide rod (742) facing the limiting plate (741) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the corresponding waist-shaped sliding hole by a compression spring.

3. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flipping assembly (75) includes a ratchet (751) that is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the support frame (71) and the upper end of the slide (5). The outer wall of the support slide (72) is symmetrically provided with matching grooves. The inner wall of the ratchet (751) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the corresponding support slide (72) by two matching slide bars. The upper end of the support frame (71) and the upper end of the slide (5) are rotatably mounted with a pawl (752) and a protruding cylinder. The pawl (752) is movably pressed against the corresponding ratchet (751), and the outer wall of the pawl (752) is connected to the outer wall of the corresponding protruding cylinder by a compression spring.

4. A high-precision external cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flipping assembly (75) also includes an extension plate (753) installed on both the upper and lower sides of the left end of the tailstock (6). The left side of the extension plate (753) facing the ratchet (751) has an installation groove, and a ratchet rack (754) is slidably installed in the installation groove by a compression spring.

5. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner support assembly (84) includes a circular cavity located at the right end of the main shaft (81). Multiple inner support slide plates (841) are slidably installed on the inner wall of the circular cavity by compression springs. The multiple inner support slide plates (841) are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the inner support slide plates (841) have a Y-shaped structure.

6. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner support assembly (84) also includes an installation cavity located on the inner wall of the left end of the circular cavity. A magnetic suction rod (842) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the installation cavity by means of a tension spring. The right end of the magnetic suction rod (842) is magnetically connected to the left end of the clamping rod (83).

7. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A compression spring is fitted on the outer wall of the upper support slide rod (72) between the corresponding clamp plate (73) and the support frame (71), and a compression spring is fitted on the outer wall of the lower support slide rod (72) between the corresponding clamp plate (73) and the ratchet (751).

8. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head frame (4) has a clearance groove on the right end corresponding to the lower extension plate (753) and ratchet (754). The right end of the head frame (4) and the left end of the tailstock (6) are symmetrically equipped with multiple limit plates (741), and the multiple limit plates (9) are movably abutting against the corresponding limit plates (741).

9. A high-precision cylindrical grinding machine for gear machining based on a rotatable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grinding wheel (11) is slidably installed on the upper end of the machine tool (1) behind the worktable (2). A vertical plate is also installed on the upper rear side of the machine tool (1). A limit rod (12) is symmetrically slidably installed on the front end of the vertical plate and fixedly connected to the grinding wheel (11).

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