A breathable and antibacterial fabric and its preparation process, and sportswear made from the fabric.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fabric technology, specifically to a breathable antibacterial fabric and its preparation process, and sportswear made from this fabric. The preparation process of the breathable antibacterial fabric includes: preparation of a composite antibacterial agent, preparation of multifunctional polyester fibers, amination modification of phenolic lignin, modification treatment of polyacrylonitrile, and preparation of the breathable antibacterial fabric. The breathable antibacterial fabric of this invention consists of inner, middle, and outer layers: the inner layer is a blend of modal and other materials, which is skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial; the middle layer is a polyurethane film layer; the outer layer contains polyacrylonitrile composite fibers, which are antibacterial, crisp, and breathable. A composite antibacterial agent made of chitosan, cysteine, and copper nitrate imparts dual antibacterial properties to the fabric, reducing bacterial resistance. Ethylene treatment enhances the bonding of components, improving wash resistance and antistatic properties; the co-spinning of amination-modified phenolic lignin and polyacrylonitrile increases fiber strength, breathability, and UV resistance. This fabric is suitable for sportswear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fabric technology, specifically to a breathable and antibacterial fabric and its preparation process, and sportswear made from the fabric. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing awareness of fitness among the general public, the market demand for outdoor sportswear continues to grow. Consumers' requirements for its performance have gradually shifted from basic comfort to functional needs such as breathability, moisture wicking, and antibacterial and odor-resistant properties. During high-intensity outdoor exercise, the human body produces a large amount of sweat. If the fabric cannot effectively wick away sweat and moisture, it will lead to increased temperature and humidity on the skin surface, resulting in a stuffy and sticky wearing experience. At the same time, the proteins and fats in sweat can easily breed harmful microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans, which not only produce unpleasant body odor but may also cause skin problems such as folliculitis and eczema with long-term wear. Therefore, high breathability and long-lasting antibacterial properties have become core technical indicators for outdoor sportswear fabrics.

[0003] Currently, outdoor sportswear fabrics are mainly made of synthetic fibers (such as polyester and nylon), natural fibers (such as cotton and linen), or multi-layered fabrics, but all of these methods have obvious drawbacks:

[0004] While synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon offer advantages like high strength and washability, their poor moisture absorption allows sweat to accumulate between the fabric and skin. Furthermore, the breathability of existing synthetic fiber fabrics often relies on simple weave designs with fixed and unevenly distributed pore sizes, resulting in low moisture removal efficiency during exercise and failing to meet the breathability requirements of prolonged activity. Cotton fibers, while possessing excellent moisture absorption, expand after absorbing moisture, easily clogging fabric pores and drastically reducing breathability. Additionally, natural fibers are more prone to bacterial growth in wet conditions, exhibiting poor antibacterial properties. Linen fibers, while breathable and cool, are rigid, have a rough feel, and their antibacterial effect is limited by their structure, making it difficult to achieve broad-spectrum antibacterial effects. Moreover, existing layered fabrics typically use adhesives, further reducing breathability and making them less washable, thus unsuitable for sportswear.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a multifunctional three-layer breathable antibacterial fabric and its preparation process, and sportswear made from this fabric achieves high breathability and durability, broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, washability and durability, and comfortable wear, in order to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and meet consumers' demand for high-quality outdoor sportswear. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional three-layer breathable antibacterial fabric and its preparation process, as well as sportswear made from the fabric.

[0007] This invention provides a breathable and antibacterial fabric, which consists of an antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer, a polyurethane film layer, and a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer, from the outside to the inside.

[0008] The antibacterial, breathable and UV-resistant outer layer is woven from a blend of 20-30 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile composite fiber, 10-20 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and 3-5 parts by weight of polylactic acid fiber.

[0009] The skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer is made of a blend of 10-12 parts by weight of modal, 8-10 parts by weight of natural bamboo fiber, and 5-8 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber.

[0010] A multi-layered, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer, a polyurethane film layer, and a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer are bonded together with an adhesive to create a breathable and antibacterial fabric.

[0011] A manufacturing process for a breathable and antibacterial fabric, the specific manufacturing process being as follows:

[0012] S1: Preparation of composite antibacterial agent;

[0013] A composite antibacterial agent was prepared by mixing chitosan solution and cysteine ​​solution, adding deionized water, then adding copper nitrate, and reacting the mixture.

[0014] S2: Preparation of multifunctional polyester fibers;

[0015] The composite antibacterial agent was added to the ethylene-based sericin solution, then the ethylene-based polyester fiber was impregnated, and UV curing agent 2959 was added. Nitrogen gas was introduced for UV crosslinking. After crosslinking was completed, the fiber was washed and dried to obtain multifunctional polyester fiber.

[0016] S3: Amination modification of phenolic lignin;

[0017] Phenolic lignin was added to a sodium hydroxide solution, heat-treated, and then formaldehyde and diethylenetriamine were added to prepare amination-modified phenolic lignin.

[0018] S4: Modification treatment of polyacrylonitrile;

[0019] A mixed spinning solution was prepared using amination-modified phenolic lignin and polyacrylonitrile as raw materials, and then spun to prepare polyacrylonitrile composite fibers.

[0020] S5: Preparation of breathable and antibacterial fabric.

[0021] As a preferred aspect, S1: The preparation of the composite antibacterial agent specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] S1.1: Add 0.3-0.5 parts by weight of chitosan to 6-8 parts by weight of deionized water, then add glacial acetic acid, stir and mix for 20-30 minutes to make the pH 5-5.4, and obtain a chitosan solution.

[0023] S1.2: Mix 1-2 parts by weight of cysteine ​​solution with a concentration of 30 mg / mL with the above chitosan solution, then add 2-3 parts by weight of deionized water, stir and mix at room temperature for 20-30 min, then add 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of copper nitrate, stir and mix at room temperature for 30-40 min, and the composite antibacterial agent is obtained after the reaction is completed.

[0024] As a preferred aspect, S2: the preparation of multifunctional polyester fibers specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] S2.1: Vinylating polyester fibers pretreated by alkali method with methacrylic anhydride, washing the vinylated polyester fibers with deionized water 2-3 times, and drying them to obtain vinylated polyester fibers.

[0026] S2.2: Prepare a 2-2.2 wt% ethylene-based sericin solution using neutral phosphate buffer. Then, add 2-3 parts by weight of a composite antibacterial agent to 20-30 parts by weight of the ethylene-based sericin solution and stir at 200-300 r / min for 20-30 min. Next, impregnate the ethylene-based polyester fiber in the solution and add 5-8 parts by weight of UV curing agent 2959. After purging with nitrogen for 20-30 min, place the solution in a UV crosslinker and irradiate at 365 nm for 15-20 min. After the reaction is complete, wash the solution 2-3 times with hot water at 30-35℃, then wash with cold water and dry to obtain multifunctional polyester fiber.

[0027] As a preferred aspect, S3: Amination modification of phenolic lignin specifically includes the following steps:

[0028] Add 1.5-2 parts by weight of phenolic lignin to 15-20 parts by weight of 0.4 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, heat at 70-72℃ for 10-12 min, then add 0.25-0.3 parts by weight of formaldehyde and 0.75-0.8 parts by weight of diethylenetriamine, mix and react for 3-4 h, after which add 150-200 parts by weight of isopropanol to obtain a precipitate, wash with anhydrous ethanol 2-3 times, dry at 65-67℃ for 20-24 h, grind and pulverize to obtain amination-modified phenolic lignin.

[0029] As a preferred aspect, S4: the modification treatment of polyacrylonitrile specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] S4.1: Add 15-20 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile and 0.7-0.8 parts by weight of aminated phenolic lignin to 100-120 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, and then stir and mix at 80-82℃ for 5-6 hours to obtain a mixed spinning solution. Extrude the mixed spinning solution into a coagulation bath at -10-0℃ through a stainless steel syringe connected to an injection needle with an inner diameter of 0.2 mm at 60-70℃ to obtain nascent composite fibers. The nascent composite fibers are collected on a winding roller with an initial draw ratio of 2:1.

[0031] S4.2: Immerse the nascent composite fiber in isopropanol for 2-3 hours, then wash it 2-3 times with deionized water. Then, heat-stretch the washed nascent composite fiber in a glycerol bath at 100-110℃ with a heat stretching ratio of 5-7:1 to obtain polyacrylonitrile composite fiber.

[0032] As a preferred aspect, S5: the preparation of the breathable and antibacterial fabric specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] S5.1: Mix 20-30 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile composite fiber, 10-20 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and 3-5 parts by weight of polylactic acid fiber and spin them to make blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into an antibacterial, breathable and UV-resistant outer fabric using a loom.

[0034] S5.2: Mix 10-12 parts by weight of modal, 8-10 parts by weight of natural bamboo fiber and 5-8 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and spin them to make blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking and antibacterial inner layer fabric using a loom.

[0035] S5.3: An antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer, a polyurethane film layer, and a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer are bonded together with an adhesive to create a multi-layered, breathable, and antibacterial fabric.

[0036] As a preferred aspect, the treatment conditions in step S2.1 are as follows: the mass ratio of alkali pretreated polyester fiber and methacrylic anhydride is 1:1-2, the reaction is carried out at 0-5℃ and pH value of 7-8 for 24-25 hours, and the bath ratio is 1:10-12.

[0037] As a preferred aspect, the coagulation bath in step S4.1 is composed of acetone / methanol with a volume ratio of 60 / 40.

[0038] The present invention also provides a sportswear garment made from the aforementioned breathable and antibacterial fabric.

[0039] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0040] 1. The skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer fabric of this invention is made of a blend of modal, natural bamboo fiber, and multifunctional polyester fiber. It is soft and skin-friendly, with high moisture absorption, reducing skin friction and quickly absorbing sweat from the skin surface. It also possesses natural antibacterial properties and excellent moisture-wicking ability, helping to inhibit the growth of common bacteria on the skin surface while keeping the skin dry. The antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer fabric is made of a blend of polyacrylonitrile composite fiber, multifunctional polyester fiber, and polylactic acid fiber. This blend allows the antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer fabric to possess long-lasting antibacterial properties, durability, and crispness. Maintaining excellent breathability, it effectively blocks the invasion of external bacteria while preventing the fabric from becoming stuffy. It meets the protection and practicality needs of the outer layer of the fabric. The middle polyurethane film layer is not completely sealed, but has "waterproof and breathable" properties—it can block the invasion of external rain or moisture, while not hindering the expulsion of sweat vapor from inside the fabric. The breathable and antibacterial fabric is made by bonding the antibacterial, breathable and UV-resistant outer fabric, the polyurethane film layer and the skin-friendly, moisture-wicking and antibacterial inner layer with an adhesive. It achieves the unity of multiple needs such as close-fitting health and comfort, middle barrier and external protection and durability, and can be used in the production of outdoor sportswear.

[0041] 2. This invention uses chitosan and cysteine ​​as ligands to synthesize a composite antibacterial agent with copper nitrate. The positively charged amino functional groups of macromolecular chitosan and the negatively charged carboxyl functional groups of cysteine ​​can enhance the surface interaction of the copper core through electrostatic interaction, and also improve the fluorescence performance of the composite antibacterial agent. Thus, the prepared composite antibacterial agent has dual antibacterial effects of intrinsic antibacterial and photodynamic antibacterial. When added to the preparation of breathable antibacterial fabrics, it can endow the fabric with a dual antibacterial mechanism. The two mechanisms complement each other, which not only has a much higher antibacterial effect than a single antibacterial method and improves antibacterial performance, but also reduces the possibility of bacteria developing drug resistance, thereby effectively addressing the problem of bacterial growth in humid and hot environments.

[0042] 3. This invention modifies vinylated polyester fibers with ethylene-modified sericin containing a composite antibacterial agent. Methacrylic anhydride modification forms vinyl groups on the fiber surface, providing an "anchor point" for subsequent bonding with sericin and the composite antibacterial agent, enhancing the bonding strength between components. Subsequent UV irradiation allows the composite antibacterial agent to be covalently grafted onto the vinylated polyester fibers, achieving chemical grafting, further strengthening the bonding strength and improving wash resistance. This results in a long-lasting antibacterial effect, avoiding the problems of easy shedding and poor wash resistance associated with simple physical adsorption. Furthermore, the use of vinylated polyester fibers significantly promotes cross-linking reactions, facilitating the modification of ethylene-modified sericin and effectively improving the hydrophilicity and antistatic properties of the multifunctional polyester fiber. The use of ethylene-modified sericin to modify the vinylated polyester fibers, with both undergoing ethylene treatment, effectively enhances the bonding strength of the grafted modification, resulting in a fabric with excellent wash resistance and long-lasting antistatic properties.

[0043] 4. This invention involves blending and spinning amination-modified phenolic lignin with polyacrylonitrile. The phenolic hydroxyl and amino groups in the modified lignin molecules can form hydrogen bonds or weak chemical interactions with polyacrylonitrile segments, essentially creating "molecular-level support points" within the fiber. This enhances the fiber's mechanical strength, making the antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer fabric, with lignin as its main component, more wear-resistant and tear-resistant. It can withstand friction and stretching during daily wear, extending the fabric's lifespan. The amination-modified phenolic lignin contains a large number of polar groups, and the polyamino structure of diethylenetriamine can contribute to the modification of the lignin... By constructing high-density amino sites on the fiber, the polyamino group can enhance the hydrophilicity of the fiber. Introducing it into polyacrylonitrile fiber can increase the hydrophilic sites on the fiber surface and improve the fiber's ability to adsorb and conduct water vapor. During the spinning process, an acetone / methanol mixed coagulation bath is used. The low-temperature environment promotes the formation of a looser porous structure in the fiber. Combined with the hot stretching process to further regularize the pores, continuous breathable channels are formed inside the polyacrylonitrile composite fiber. When this fiber is used in antibacterial, breathable and UV-resistant outer layer fabrics, it can accelerate the exchange of air and water vapor inside and outside the fabric, significantly improving the overall breathability of the fabric.

[0044] 5. This invention modifies phenolic lignin through amination. The chemical modification process introduces more phenolic substances containing benzene rings into the lignin structure. The three amino groups of diethylenetriamine are of moderate number, resulting in a mild electron-donating effect. This not only enhances the electron cloud density of the aromatic ring through the conjugation effect but also avoids excessive charge accumulation, forming a more stable UV-absorbing conjugated structure. This enhancement significantly improves the UV absorption capacity of the amination-modified phenolic lignin. When blended with polyacrylonitrile for spinning, the strong intermolecular interaction between the amination-modified phenolic lignin and polyacrylonitrile ensures that the amination-modified phenolic lignin is uniformly dispersed in the polyacrylonitrile matrix. This results in polyacrylonitrile composite fibers with excellent UV resistance, thus endowing breathable and antibacterial fabrics with good UV resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of the breathable and antibacterial fabric used in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this invention.

[0047] Example 1: A preparation process for a breathable and antibacterial fabric, referring to... Figure 1 ,include:

[0048] S1: Preparation of compound antibacterial agents

[0049] S1.1: Add 0.3 parts by weight of chitosan to 6 parts by weight of deionized water, then add glacial acetic acid, stir and mix for 20 minutes to make the pH 5, and obtain a chitosan solution.

[0050] S1.2: Mix 1 part by weight of cysteine ​​solution with a concentration of 30 mg / mL with the above chitosan solution, then add 2 parts by weight of deionized water, stir and mix at room temperature for 20 min, then add 0.5 parts by weight of copper nitrate, stir and mix at room temperature for 30 min, and the composite antibacterial agent is obtained after the reaction is completed;

[0051] S2: Preparation of multifunctional polyester fibers

[0052] S2.1: The alkali-pretreated polyester fiber was vinyl esterified using methacrylic anhydride. The treatment conditions were: alkali-pretreated polyester fiber and methacrylic anhydride mass ratio of 1:1, treatment at 0℃ and pH 7 for 24 h, bath ratio of 1:10, the vinyl esterified polyester fiber was washed twice with deionized water and dried to obtain vinyl esterified polyester fiber.

[0053] S2.2: Prepare a 2wt% ethylene-based sericin solution using neutral phosphate buffer. Then, add 2 parts by weight of a composite antibacterial agent to 20 parts by weight of the ethylene-based sericin solution and stir at 200 r / min for 20 min. Next, impregnate the ethylene-based polyester fiber in the solution and add 5 parts by weight of UV curing agent 2959. After purging with nitrogen for 20 min, place the solution in a UV crosslinker and irradiate at 365 nm for 15 min. After the reaction is complete, wash twice with 30℃ hot water, then wash with cold water and dry to obtain multifunctional polyester fiber.

[0054] S3: Amination modification of phenolic lignin

[0055] 1.5 parts by weight of phenolic lignin were added to 15 parts by weight of 0.4 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and heated at 70 °C for 10 min. Then, 0.25 parts by weight of formaldehyde and 0.75 parts by weight of diethylenetriamine were added and reacted for 3 h. After the reaction was completed, 150 parts by weight of isopropanol were added and mixed to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was then washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and dried at 65 °C for 20 h. The precipitate was then ground to obtain the amination-modified phenolic lignin.

[0056] S4: Modification treatment of polyacrylonitrile

[0057] S4.1: 15 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile and 0.7 parts by weight of aminated phenolic lignin were added to 100 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, and then stirred and mixed at 80°C for 5 hours to obtain a mixed spinning solution. The mixed spinning solution was extruded from a stainless steel syringe connected to an injection needle with an inner diameter of 0.2 mm into a coagulation bath at -10°C with a volume ratio of 60 / 40 acetone / methanol to obtain nascent composite fibers. The nascent composite fibers were collected on a winding roller with an initial draw ratio of 2:1.

[0058] S4.2: The nascent composite fiber was soaked in isopropanol for 2 hours, then washed twice with deionized water, and then the washed nascent composite fiber was hot-stretched in a glycerol bath at 100°C with a hot stretching ratio of 5:1 to obtain polyacrylonitrile composite fiber.

[0059] S5: Preparation of breathable and antibacterial fabrics

[0060] S5.1: Mix 20 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile composite fiber, 10 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and 3 parts by weight of polylactic acid fiber and spin them to make a blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into an antibacterial, breathable and UV-resistant outer fabric using a loom.

[0061] S5.2: Mix 10 parts by weight of modal, 8 parts by weight of natural bamboo fiber and 5 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and spin them to make a blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking and antibacterial inner layer fabric using a loom.

[0062] S5.3: An antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer, a polyurethane film layer, and a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer are bonded together with an adhesive to create a multi-layered, breathable, and antibacterial fabric.

[0063] Example 2, a preparation process for a breathable and antibacterial fabric, see [link to example]. Figure 1 ,include:

[0064] S1: Preparation of compound antibacterial agents

[0065] S1.1: Add 0.5 parts by weight of chitosan to 8 parts by weight of deionized water, then add glacial acetic acid, stir and mix for 20 minutes to make the pH 5.4, and obtain a chitosan solution.

[0066] S1.2: Mix 2 parts by weight of cysteine ​​solution with a concentration of 30 mg / mL and the above chitosan solution, then add 3 parts by weight of deionized water, stir and mix at room temperature for 20 min, then add 0.8 parts by weight of copper nitrate, stir and mix at room temperature for 30 min, and the composite antibacterial agent is obtained after the reaction is completed;

[0067] S2: Preparation of multifunctional polyester fibers

[0068] S2.1: The alkali-pretreated polyester fiber was vinyl esterified using methacrylic anhydride. The treatment conditions were: alkali-pretreated polyester fiber and methacrylic anhydride mass ratio of 1:2, treatment at 0℃ and pH 8 for 24 hours, bath ratio of 1:12, the vinyl esterified polyester fiber was washed with deionized water 2-3 times and dried to obtain vinyl esterified polyester fiber.

[0069] S2.2: Prepare a 2.2 wt% ethylene-based sericin solution using neutral phosphate buffer. Then, add 3 parts by weight of a composite antibacterial agent to 30 parts by weight of the ethylene-based sericin solution and stir at 200 r / min for 20 min. Next, impregnate the ethylene-based polyester fiber in the solution and add 8 parts by weight of UV curing agent 2959. After purging with nitrogen for 20 min, place the solution in an ultraviolet crosslinker and irradiate at 365 nm for 15 min. After the reaction is complete, wash twice with 30℃ hot water, then wash with cold water and dry to obtain multifunctional polyester fiber.

[0070] S3: Amination modification of phenolic lignin

[0071] Two parts by weight of phenolic lignin were added to 20 parts by weight of 0.4 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and heated at 70 °C for 10 min. Then, 0.3 parts by weight of formaldehyde and 0.8 parts by weight of diethylenetriamine were added and reacted for 3 h. After the reaction was completed, 200 parts by weight of isopropanol were added and mixed to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was then washed twice with anhydrous ethanol and dried at 65 °C for 20 h. The precipitate was then ground to obtain the amination-modified phenolic lignin.

[0072] S4: Modification treatment of polyacrylonitrile

[0073] S4.1: 20 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile and 0.8 parts by weight of aminated phenolic lignin were added to 120 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, and then stirred and mixed at 80°C for 5 hours to obtain a mixed spinning solution. The mixed spinning solution was extruded from a stainless steel syringe connected to an injection needle with an inner diameter of 0.2 mm into a coagulation bath at -10°C with an acetone / methanol volume ratio of 60 / 40 to obtain nascent composite fibers. The nascent composite fibers were collected on a winding roller with an initial draw ratio of 2:1.

[0074] S4.2: The nascent composite fiber was soaked in isopropanol for 2 hours, then washed twice with deionized water, and then the washed nascent composite fiber was hot-stretched in a glycerol bath at 100°C with a hot stretching ratio of 5:1 to obtain polyacrylonitrile composite fiber.

[0075] S5: Preparation of breathable and antibacterial fabrics

[0076] S5.1: Mix 30 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile composite fiber, 20 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and 5 parts by weight of polylactic acid fiber and spin them to make a blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into an antibacterial, breathable and UV-resistant outer fabric using a loom.

[0077] S5.2: Mix 12 parts by weight of modal, 10 parts by weight of natural bamboo fiber and 8 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and spin them to make a blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking and antibacterial inner layer fabric using a loom.

[0078] S5.3: An antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer, a polyurethane film layer, and a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer are bonded together with an adhesive to create a multi-layered, breathable, and antibacterial fabric.

[0079] Example 3, a preparation process for a breathable and antibacterial fabric, see [link to example]. Figure 1 ,include:

[0080] S1: Preparation of compound antibacterial agents

[0081] S1.1: Add 0.3 parts by weight of chitosan to 6 parts by weight of deionized water, then add glacial acetic acid, stir and mix for 30 minutes to make the pH 5.4, and obtain a chitosan solution.

[0082] S1.2: Mix 1 part by weight of cysteine ​​solution with a concentration of 30 mg / mL and the above chitosan solution, then add 2 parts by weight of deionized water, stir and mix at room temperature for 30 min, then add 0.5 parts by weight of copper nitrate, stir and mix at room temperature for 40 min, and the composite antibacterial agent is obtained after the reaction is completed;

[0083] S2: Preparation of multifunctional polyester fibers

[0084] S2.1: The alkali-pretreated polyester fiber was vinyl esterified using methacrylic anhydride. The treatment conditions were: alkali-pretreated polyester fiber and methacrylic anhydride mass ratio of 1:1, treatment at 5℃ and pH 7 for 25 h, bath ratio of 1:10, the vinyl esterified polyester fiber was washed with deionized water 3 times and dried to obtain vinyl esterified polyester fiber.

[0085] S2.2: Prepare a 2wt% ethylene-based sericin solution using neutral phosphate buffer. Then, add 2 parts by weight of a composite antibacterial agent to 20 parts by weight of the ethylene-based sericin solution and stir at 300 r / min for 30 min. Next, impregnate the ethylene-based polyester fiber in the solution and add 5 parts by weight of UV curing agent 2959. After purging with nitrogen for 30 min, place the solution in a UV crosslinker and irradiate at 365 nm for 20 min. After the reaction is complete, wash the solution three times with hot water at 35℃, then wash with cold water and dry to obtain multifunctional polyester fiber.

[0086] S3: Amination modification of phenolic lignin

[0087] 1.5 parts by weight of phenolic lignin were added to 15 parts by weight of 0.4 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and heated at 72 °C for 12 min. Then, 0.25 parts by weight of formaldehyde and 0.75 parts by weight of diethylenetriamine were added and reacted for 4 h. After the reaction was completed, 150 parts by weight of isopropanol were added and mixed to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was then washed three times with anhydrous ethanol and dried at 67 °C for 24 h. The precipitate was then ground to obtain the amination-modified phenolic lignin.

[0088] S4: Modification treatment of polyacrylonitrile

[0089] S4.1: 15 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile and 0.7 parts by weight of aminated phenolic lignin were added to 100 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, and then stirred and mixed at 82°C for 6 hours to obtain a mixed spinning solution. The mixed spinning solution was extruded from a stainless steel syringe connected to an injection needle with an inner diameter of 0.2 mm into a coagulation bath at 0°C with an acetone / methanol volume ratio of 60 / 40 to obtain nascent composite fibers. The nascent composite fibers were collected on a winding roller with an initial draw ratio of 2:1.

[0090] S4.2: The nascent composite fiber was soaked in isopropanol for 3 hours, then washed three times with deionized water, and then the washed nascent composite fiber was hot-stretched in a glycerol bath at 110°C with a hot stretching ratio of 7:1 to obtain polyacrylonitrile composite fiber.

[0091] S5: Preparation of breathable and antibacterial fabrics

[0092] S5.1: Mix 20 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile composite fiber, 10 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and 3 parts by weight of polylactic acid fiber and spin them to make a blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into an antibacterial, breathable and UV-resistant outer fabric using a loom.

[0093] S5.2: Mix 10 parts by weight of modal, 8 parts by weight of natural bamboo fiber and 5 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and spin them to make a blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking and antibacterial inner layer fabric using a loom.

[0094] S5.3: An antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer, a polyurethane film layer, and a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer are bonded together with an adhesive to create a multi-layered, breathable, and antibacterial fabric.

[0095] Comparative Example 1 differs from Example 1 in that the chitosan solution in step S1.2 is replaced with a cysteine ​​solution, while the other steps remain unchanged to prepare the breathable antibacterial fabric. This is referred to as Comparative Example 1.

[0096] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the cysteine ​​solution in step S1.2 is replaced with a chitosan solution, while the other steps remain unchanged to prepare the breathable antibacterial fabric. This is referred to as Comparative Example 2.

[0097] Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that step S1 is removed, and the composite antibacterial agent in step S2.2 is replaced with nano-copper particles, while the remaining steps remain unchanged to prepare the breathable antibacterial fabric. This is referred to as Comparative Example 3.

[0098] Comparative Example 4 differs from Example 1 in that step S3 is removed, and the phenolic lignin modified by amination in step S4.1 is replaced with phenolic lignin, while the remaining steps remain unchanged to prepare the breathable and antibacterial fabric. This is referred to as Comparative Example 4.

[0099] Comparative Example 5 differs from Example 1 in that the diethylenetriamine in step S3 is replaced with ethylenediamine, while the other steps remain unchanged in preparing the breathable and antibacterial fabric.

[0100] Comparative Example 6 differs from Example 1 in that the diethylenetriamine in step S3 is replaced with triethylenetetramine, while the remaining steps remain unchanged to prepare the breathable and antibacterial fabric. This is referred to as Comparative Example 6.

[0101] Comparative Example 7 differs from Example 1 in that step S2.1 is removed, and the vinylated polyester fiber in step S2.2 is replaced with polyester fiber, while the remaining steps remain unchanged to prepare the breathable and antibacterial fabric. This is referred to as Comparative Example 7.

[0102] Comparative Example 8 differs from Example 1 in that the ethylene-modified sericin solution in step S2.2 is replaced with a sericin solution, while the other steps remain unchanged in preparing the breathable and antibacterial fabric. This is referred to as Comparative Example 8.

[0103] The breathable and antibacterial fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 showed a light intensity of 100 mW / cm² under a 300 W xenon lamp (λ≥400 nm). 2 The antibacterial activity was tested three times, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0104] Table 1. Results of antibacterial activity assays for Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0105]

[0106] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the breathable antibacterial fabric prepared by this invention exhibits excellent antibacterial properties because the antibacterial agent possesses both intrinsic antibacterial and photodynamic antibacterial mechanisms. Intrinsic antibacterial action relies on the natural antibacterial properties of chitosan amino groups and copper ions to directly inhibit bacterial growth; photodynamic antibacterial action utilizes fluorescence to further kill bacteria under light. These two mechanisms complement each other, significantly enhancing the antibacterial effect. The antibacterial properties of Comparative Examples 1-2 all decreased because the added chitosan and cysteine ​​enhance the surface interaction of the copper core and improve fluorescence performance through electrostatic interactions. The absence of either component will affect the fluorescence performance, thus reducing the antibacterial effect. Comparative Example 3 exhibits even lower antibacterial performance because the added copper nanoparticles only possess the single intrinsic antibacterial mechanism. This further demonstrates that the dual antibacterial mechanism of this application can significantly increase antibacterial properties.

[0107] The performance of the breathable and antibacterial fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 4-6 was tested three times, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0108] Table 2. Results of performance testing of breathable and antibacterial fabrics in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 4-6

[0109]

[0110] As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the performance of Comparative Example 4 decreased significantly. This indicates that compared to the fabric prepared by blending phenolic lignin with polyacrylonitrile, the fabric prepared by blending phenolic lignin with polyacrylonitrile after amination modification can significantly improve the fabric's mechanical properties and moisture permeability, and reduce ultraviolet transmittance. The improved mechanical properties make the fabric more wear-resistant and tear-resistant, able to withstand friction and stretching during daily wear, and extend the fabric's service life. The improved moisture permeability indicates that it can quickly wick away sweat from the skin surface, keeping the skin surface dry. The reduced ultraviolet transmittance results in better surface UV resistance. The data from Comparative Examples 5-6 show that the amination modification of phenolic lignin using diethylenetriamine in this application has a better modification effect than other amination reagents.

[0111] The moisture regain and antistatic properties of the breathable antibacterial fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 7-8 were measured three times and the average value was taken. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0112] Table 3. Performance test results of breathable and antibacterial fabrics in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 7-8

[0113]

[0114] As can be seen from Table 3, Comparative Examples 7-8 and the data of the embodiments, the vinylated polyester fiber modified with ethylene-modified sericin in this application has a better effect, which can effectively improve the moisture regain of the breathable and antibacterial fabric and reduce the surface resistivity. Moisture regain reflects the hygroscopic performance; the higher the moisture regain, the stronger the hygroscopic performance. Therefore, the increase in moisture regain indicates an increase in the fabric's hygroscopic and hydrophilic properties, which allows the fabric to quickly absorb sweat moisture from the skin surface, keeping the skin fresh. The decrease in surface resistivity indicates an improvement in antistatic ability.

[0115] The breathable antibacterial fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 7-8 were washed 20 times using conventional methods. The antibacterial and antistatic properties of the washed fabrics were then tested again. The tests were conducted three times, and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 4.

[0116] Table 4. Results of performance tests on breathable and antibacterial fabrics of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 7-8

[0117]

[0118] As can be seen from the data in Table 4, the use of ethylene-modified sericin to modify ethylene-modified polyester fibers, with both undergoing ethylene treatment, can effectively improve the bonding strength of the grafted modification, giving the prepared fabric good water resistance and thus maintaining long-lasting antibacterial and antistatic properties.

[0119] The fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 were tested for breathability and antibacterial rate under dark conditions. The tests were conducted three times and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 5.

[0120] Table 5. Results of air permeability and antibacterial rate under dark conditions in Examples 1-3

[0121]

[0122] As can be seen from the data in Table 5, the fabric prepared in this application has good breathability, and the antibacterial rate is lower under dark conditions compared with the antibacterial rate in Table 1, indicating that this application has a photodynamic antibacterial mechanism.

[0123] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims. Parts not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A breathable and antibacterial fabric, characterized in that, From the outside in, the layers are: an antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer; a polyurethane film layer; and a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer. The antibacterial, breathable and UV-resistant outer layer is woven from a blend of 20-30 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile composite fiber, 10-20 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and 3-5 parts by weight of polylactic acid fiber. The skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer is made of a blend of 10-12 parts by weight of modal, 8-10 parts by weight of natural bamboo fiber, and 5-8 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber. An antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer, a polyurethane film layer, and a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer are bonded together with an adhesive to create a multi-layered composite breathable and antibacterial fabric. The specific manufacturing process of the above-mentioned breathable and antibacterial fabric is as follows: S1: Preparation of composite antibacterial agent; S1.1: Add 0.3-0.5 parts by weight of chitosan to 6-8 parts by weight of deionized water, then add glacial acetic acid, stir and mix for 20-30 minutes to make the pH 5-5.4, and obtain a chitosan solution. S1.2: Mix 1-2 parts by weight of cysteine ​​solution with a concentration of 30 mg / mL and the above chitosan solution, then add 2-3 parts by weight of deionized water, stir and mix at room temperature for 20-30 min, then add 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of copper nitrate, stir and mix at room temperature for 30-40 min, and the composite antibacterial agent is obtained after the reaction is completed; S2: Preparation of multifunctional polyester fibers; S2.1: Vinylating polyester fibers pretreated by alkali method with methacrylic anhydride, washing the vinylated polyester fibers with deionized water 2-3 times, and drying them to obtain vinylated polyester fibers. S2.2: Prepare a 2-2.2 wt% ethylene-based sericin solution using neutral phosphate buffer. Then, add 2-3 parts by weight of a composite antibacterial agent to 20-30 parts by weight of the ethylene-based sericin solution and stir at 200-300 r / min for 20-30 min. Next, impregnate the ethylene-based polyester fiber in the solution and add 5-8 parts by weight of UV curing agent 2959. After purging with nitrogen for 20-30 min, place the solution in an ultraviolet crosslinker and irradiate at 365 nm for 15-20 min. After the reaction is complete, wash the solution 2-3 times with hot water at 30-35℃, then wash with cold water and dry to obtain multifunctional polyester fiber. S3: Amination modification of phenolic lignin; Phenolic lignin was added to a sodium hydroxide solution, heat-treated, and then formaldehyde and diethylenetriamine were added to prepare amination-modified phenolic lignin. S4: Modification treatment of polyacrylonitrile; S4.1: Add 15-20 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile and 0.7-0.8 parts by weight of aminated phenolic lignin to 100-120 parts by weight of dimethyl sulfoxide, and then stir and mix at 80-82℃ for 5-6 hours to obtain a mixed spinning solution. Extrude the mixed spinning solution into a coagulation bath at -10-0℃ through a stainless steel syringe connected to an injection needle with an inner diameter of 0.2 mm at 60-70℃ to obtain nascent composite fibers. The nascent composite fibers are collected on a winding roller with an initial draw ratio of 2:

1. S4.2: Immerse the nascent composite fiber in isopropanol for 2-3 hours, then wash it with deionized water 2-3 times. Then, heat-stretch the washed nascent composite fiber in a glycerol bath at 100-110℃ with a heat stretching ratio of 5-7:1 to obtain polyacrylonitrile composite fiber. S5: Preparation of breathable and antibacterial fabric.

2. The breathable and antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3: Amination modification of phenolic lignin, specifically including the following steps: Add 1.5-2 parts by weight of phenolic lignin to 15-20 parts by weight of 0.4 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, heat at 70-72℃ for 10-12 min, then add 0.25-0.3 parts by weight of formaldehyde and 0.75-0.8 parts by weight of diethylenetriamine, mix and react for 3-4 h, after which add 150-200 parts by weight of isopropanol to obtain a precipitate, wash with anhydrous ethanol 2-3 times, dry at 65-67℃ for 20-24 h, grind and pulverize to obtain amination-modified phenolic lignin.

3. The breathable and antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, S5: The preparation of breathable and antibacterial fabric includes the following steps: S5.1: Mix 20-30 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile composite fiber, 10-20 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and 3-5 parts by weight of polylactic acid fiber and spin them to make blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into an antibacterial, breathable and UV-resistant outer fabric using a loom. S5.2: Mix 10-12 parts by weight of modal, 8-10 parts by weight of natural bamboo fiber and 5-8 parts by weight of multifunctional polyester fiber and spin them to make blended yarn. Then weave the blended yarn into a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking and antibacterial inner layer fabric using a loom. S5.3: An antibacterial, breathable, and UV-resistant outer layer, a polyurethane film layer, and a skin-friendly, moisture-wicking, and antibacterial inner layer are bonded together with an adhesive to create a multi-layered, breathable, and antibacterial fabric.

4. The breathable and antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The treatment conditions in step S2.1 are as follows: the mass ratio of alkali pretreated polyester fiber and methacrylic anhydride is 1:1-2, the reaction is carried out at 0-5℃ and pH value of 7-8 for 24-25 hours, and the bath ratio is 1:10-12.

5. The breathable and antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coagulation bath in step S4.1 is composed of acetone / methanol with a volume ratio of 60 / 40.

6. A type of sportswear, characterized in that, It is prepared from a breathable and antibacterial fabric as described in claim 1.

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