A support installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation

Abstract

The application discloses a support installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation and relates to the technical field of measurement. The installation position structure is arranged at the connection position of the column and the cross beam of the photovoltaic support, the connection point of the inclined support rod and the main frame and the connection area of the base and the foundation, and through cooperation of the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly and the magnetic field control assembly, the fluid distribution uniformity is improved through the spiral flow guide groove and the conical table cavity design, and under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid guided by the spiral flow guide groove forms spiral flow, cooperates with the rotating magnetic field, and significantly enhances the support fixing effect. When the support is deviated under external force, the micro stress sensor of the magnetorheological fluid cavity reversely pushes the angle through shear stress change and feeds back to the magnetic field control assembly for real-time correction, so that the stress is released and the deformation is corrected when facing extreme working conditions such as strong wind and earthquake, and the accuracy and response speed of the support angle control and measurement are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of measurement technology, specifically to a device for measuring the mounting angle of a photovoltaic power generation support structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued growth in global demand for clean energy, photovoltaic (PV) power generation, as a clean and renewable energy utilization method, has been widely applied and rapidly developed. In PV power generation systems, the installation angle of the PV mounting bracket plays a crucial role in the power generation efficiency of the PV modules. Ideally, PV modules should be perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the sunlight to maximize solar energy capture. However, this optimal angle is not fixed; it is closely related to the local latitude and longitude and changes with the sun's altitude and azimuth at different times. For example, in low-latitude regions, the tilt angle of the PV mounting bracket is relatively small; while in high-latitude regions, the tilt angle needs to be correspondingly larger. Furthermore, the sun's position varies in different seasons and at different times, all of which necessitate precise adjustment and measurement of the PV mounting bracket's installation angle.

[0003] In the prior art, such as the "Photovoltaic Power Generation Bracket Installation Angle Measuring Device" in Chinese Publication No. CN116592755B, a flat base plate is included. One end of the flat base plate is fixedly connected to a main rotating shaft. An adjusting rotating plate is rotatably connected to the surface of the main rotating shaft. An external shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the adjusting rotating plate. Adaptive inserts are evenly distributed on the side of the adjusting rotating plate away from the flat base plate. The outer surface of the flat base plate is provided with a telescopic connecting shell. The top of the telescopic connecting shell is slidably connected to the bottom of the flat base plate. A long rotating arm is rotatably connected to one side of the inner cavity of the telescopic connecting shell. When the photovoltaic panel is installed, if the long rotating arm deflects, the ammeter can visually reflect the deflection angle of the long rotating arm through the current reading, thereby helping the installers to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel in time and avoid the problem of low light-gathering efficiency of the photovoltaic panel due to improper tilt angle.

[0004] Currently, in actual installation, traditional methods often rely on relevant scale measuring devices to first rotate the bracket to a preset tilt angle. However, subsequent fixing operations are fraught with difficulties. On the one hand, manual operation inevitably introduces errors, making it difficult to guarantee the absolute accuracy of the bracket installation angle. On the other hand, in actual operation, factors such as strong winds, snow accumulation, and foundation settlement may gradually change the angle of the photovoltaic bracket, and existing technologies cannot detect and adjust these changes in a timely manner, thus making it difficult to detect the stability and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for measuring the installation angle of a photovoltaic (PV) power generation support structure. This addresses the aforementioned issues in the background art. Traditional methods often rely on graduated measuring devices to rotate the support structure to a preset tilt angle during installation. However, subsequent fixing operations are fraught with difficulties. Firstly, manual operation introduces unavoidable errors, making it difficult to guarantee the absolute accuracy of the support structure's installation angle. Secondly, in actual operation, factors such as strong winds, snow accumulation, and foundation settlement can gradually alter the PV support angle, and existing technologies struggle to detect and adjust these changes in a timely manner. This leads to difficulties in assessing the stability and power generation efficiency of the PV power generation system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation, comprising an installation position structure, a magnetic field control component, and a measuring component;

[0007] The installation location structure is set at the connection between the column and the beam of the photovoltaic bracket, the connection point between the diagonal brace and the main frame, and the connection area between the base and the foundation. The installation location structure has an installation cavity inside for accommodating the magnetic field control component. The shape of the installation cavity matches the outer contour of the magnetic field control component, and the inner wall of the installation cavity is provided with a soft magnetic surface for enhancing magnetic field conduction.

[0008] The magnetic field control component is installed in the mounting cavity of the mounting position structure, with a magnetorheological fluid cavity component at its center. The magnetorheological fluid cavity component has a cylindrical cavity for filling with magnetorheological fluid. The interior of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a spiral guide groove to enhance the fluidity of the magnetorheological fluid. The magnetic field control component includes two sets of first electromagnetic coil arrays and second electromagnetic coil arrays of different shapes, used to apply an adjustable magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid cavity component, so that the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid inside the cylindrical cavity changes under the action of the magnetic field to fix the posture of the support. The first electromagnetic coil array is arranged around the top of the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity to generate the main control magnetic field. The second electromagnetic coil array is arranged at the bottom of the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity to compensate for the control magnetic field. The two sets of coils work together to apply an adjustable gradient magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid cavity component.

[0009] Preferably, both the magnetic field control component and the measurement component are communicatively connected to a microprocessor controller. The microprocessor controller is connected to a data processor via a side signal. An environmental detection sensor is installed on the side wall surface of the mounting position structure to detect environmental parameters and transmit the data to the data processor to correct measurement errors.

[0010] Preferably, the measurement component includes a multi-sensor detection structure and an external vision measurement structure arranged at key parts of the support. The multi-sensor detection structure includes at least a fiber optic gyroscope and a laser rangefinder sensor for real-time acquisition of the support's tilt angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and spatial distance data. The external vision measurement structure identifies feature points of the support using an industrial camera.

[0011] Preferably, the magnetic field control component further includes a servo motor, which is installed inside the mounting cavity. The output end of the servo motor is connected to a worm gear, and a connecting bearing is installed on the side end of the worm gear. A worm wheel is meshed with the side end of the worm gear, and a rotating connecting frame is connected to the bottom of the center end of the worm wheel. A connecting member is fastened to the bottom of the rotating connecting frame, and an electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate is installed at the bottom of the connecting member.

[0012] Preferably, a Hall sensor array is installed on the back side of the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate, and the Hall sensor array, together with the first electromagnetic coil array and the second electromagnetic coil array, constitute a magnetic field closed-loop control structure. Multiple magnetic field controllers are installed at the bottom of the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom wires of the multiple sets of magnetic field controllers are connected to temperature compensators, and the bottom of the temperature compensators is connected to a rotating base plate.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the rotating base plate is rotatably connected to a track rail, the track rail is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting cavity, and a plug plate is installed on the side of the mounting cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly further includes two sets of frustum conical cavities, which are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the cylindrical cavity. A miniature stress sensor is embedded inside the cylindrical cavity to infer the change in the support angle by measuring the change in liquid shear stress.

[0016] Preferably, an inverted frustum is provided on the surface of the two sets of frustum cavities, and multiple sets of radial guide protrusions are arranged around the surface of the inverted frustum.

[0017] Preferably, the sidewall of the installation position structure is embedded with a frame plate, the sidewall surface of the frame plate is provided with a mating groove, and the inner wall surface of the installation position structure is provided with an elastic mating end, which is connected to the mating groove.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. In this invention, the combination of the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly and the magnetic field control assembly optimizes the fluidity of the magnetorheological fluid through the spiral guide groove and the conical truncated cavity design within the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly. This improves the uniformity of fluid distribution. The radial guide protrusions eliminate dead zones, reducing fluid resistance. Under the influence of the magnetic field, the spiral guide groove guides the magnetorheological fluid to form a spiral flow. This, in conjunction with the rotating magnetic field, makes the ferromagnetic particle chains more orderly, accelerating the curing speed and increasing the shear strength after curing, significantly enhancing the support's fixing effect. The magnetic field control assembly uses a combination of a dual electromagnetic coil array and an electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate. The top main magnetic field and the bottom compensating magnetic field are activated sequentially, forming a spiral gradient magnetic field. A Hall sensor array monitors the three-dimensional magnetic field components in real time, and closed-loop feedback precisely adjusts the magnetic field strength and direction, ensuring small magnetic field uniformity errors and high angle locking accuracy.

[0020] 2. In this invention, by cooperating with the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly and the magnetic field control assembly, dynamic control of the entire process from magnetic field generation and magnetorheological fluid response to support angle fixation is achieved. This allows the miniature stress sensor in the magnetorheological fluid cavity to infer the angle through shear stress changes when the support is deflected by external forces, and feed this information back to the magnetic field control assembly for real-time correction. Furthermore, in the face of extreme conditions such as strong winds and earthquakes, the magnetic field can be quickly adjusted to repeatedly soften and solidify the magnetorheological fluid, releasing stress and correcting deformation. This significantly improves the accuracy and response speed of support angle control, and further enhances the support's adaptability and reliability to the environment. At the same time, by using multi-source data fusion from fiber optic gyroscopes, laser rangefinders, and industrial cameras, the three-dimensional angle of the support can be calculated in real time, avoiding the deviation of manual readings and solving the problems of large errors and low efficiency in manual fixing. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of a bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional internal structural diagram of the mounting position structure in a bracket mounting angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the bottom clamp, displacement slider, and vertical slide rail in a bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field control component in a bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This invention relates to a device for measuring the mounting angle of a photovoltaic power generation support. Figure 4An enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0026] Figure 6 This invention relates to a device for measuring the mounting angle of a photovoltaic power generation support. Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point B;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly in a bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 100, Installation position structure; 200, Flexible docking end; 300, Frame plate surface; 400, Environmental detection sensor; 500, Magnetic field control component; 501, Servo motor; 502, Rotating connecting frame; 503, Connector; 504, Track groove; 505, Plug plate; 506, Worm gear; 507, Worm wheel; 508, Rotating base plate; 509, Electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate; 510, Hall sensor array; 511, First electromagnetic coil array; 5 12. Second electromagnetic coil array; 513. Magnetic field controller; 514. Temperature compensator; 600. Measurement component; 700. Microprocessor controller; 800. Data processor; 900. Magnetorheological fluid chamber assembly; 901. Cylindrical cavity; 902. Frustum conical cavity; 903. Spiral guide channel; 904. Inverted frustum conical; 905. Micro stress sensor; 906. Radial guide protrusions; 110. Base clamp assembly; 120. Displacement slider; 130. Vertical slide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figures 1-3 As shown: A bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation includes an installation position structure 100, a magnetic field control component 500, and a measuring component 600;

[0031] The installation position structure 100 is set at the connection between the column and the beam of the photovoltaic bracket, the connection point between the diagonal brace and the main frame, and the connection area between the base and the foundation. The installation position structure 100 has an installation cavity inside for accommodating the magnetic field control component 500. The shape of the installation cavity matches the outer contour of the magnetic field control component 500, and the inner wall of the installation cavity is provided with a soft magnetic surface for enhancing magnetic field conduction.

[0032] Both the magnetic field control component 500 and the measurement component 600 are communicatively connected to a microprocessor controller 700. The microprocessor controller 700 is connected to a data processor 800 via a side signal connection. The microprocessor controller 700 uses angle calculation algorithms and magnetic field adjustment strategies to fuse multi-source data to calculate the bracket installation angle and dynamically adjust the magnetic field strength and distribution of the magnetic field control component 500 based on the measurement results. An environmental detection sensor 400 is installed on the side wall surface of the mounting structure 100 to detect environmental parameters and transmit the data to the data processor 800 to correct measurement errors.

[0033] The measurement component 600 includes a multi-sensor detection structure and a vision measurement structure arranged at key parts of the support. The multi-sensor detection structure includes at least a fiber optic gyroscope and a laser rangefinder sensor for real-time acquisition of the support's tilt angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and spatial distance data. The vision measurement structure identifies feature points of the support and calculates angular deviations using an external industrial camera. The multi-sensor detection structure 610 connects to external devices via a modular interface, which supports the following two operating modes:

[0034] Manual operation mode: Connected via a quick-release handheld terminal, which includes a human-machine interface and a data processing unit, for on-site calibration and angle measurement by operators;

[0035] Automatic operation mode: Communicates with the automated AUG vehicle through a modular interface. The AUG vehicle is equipped with a path planning system and a robotic arm to automatically complete multi-point measurements according to a preset trajectory.

[0036] The industrial camera is mounted on top of the bracket via a gimbal mount and is used to identify feature points on the bracket.

[0037] Specifically, the installation position structure 100 is integrated at the connection points of the photovoltaic bracket's columns and beams, the connection points of the diagonal braces and the main frame, and the connection area between the base and the foundation. That is, the installation position structure 100 is a portion of the connection points of the photovoltaic bracket's columns and beams, the connection points of the diagonal braces and the main frame, and the connection area between the base and the foundation. The magnetic field control component 500 is precisely adapted to the installation cavity inside the installation position structure 100, and the magnetic field conduction efficiency is enhanced through the soft magnetic surface.

[0038] Next, the multi-sensor detection structure (including fiber optic gyroscope and laser rangefinder) is fixed to the key stress points of the support (such as the center of the crossbeam and the top of the column) to ensure that the sensor axis is aligned with the geometric axis of the support. The industrial camera is mounted on the top of the support through a gimbal bracket, and the lens is aimed at the preset feature points (such as the edge marking line of the crossbeam and the connecting hole of the diagonal brace). Alternatively, during detection, the feature points can be aligned using a quick-release handheld terminal or an automated AUG vehicle.

[0039] Next, the microprocessor controller 700 and the data processor 800 are started. The preset installation angle parameters of the photovoltaic bracket (such as the optimal tilt angle corresponding to the local latitude) are input through the human-machine interface, and the microprocessor controller 700 and the data processor 800 are made to perform operations (such as automatically loading preset magnetic field adjustment operations and angle measurement operations).

[0040] The environmental monitoring sensor 400 (including temperature, humidity, and air pressure sensors) collects real-time environmental data and transmits it to the data processor 800. This allows the microprocessor controller 700 to automatically correct the fiber optic gyroscope and laser rangefinder based on the environmental parameters fed back by the environmental monitoring sensor 400 (such as compensation for the drift rate of the fiber optic gyroscope due to temperature changes), and adjust the initial current value of the magnetic field control component 500 to ensure the stability of the viscosity and magnetic field response characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid under the current environment.

[0041] Based on the above operating model:

[0042] 1. Manual Operation Mode Process

[0043] Firstly, through the cooperation of the magnetic field control component 500 and the magnetorheological fluid cavity component 900, the operator can connect to the multi-sensor detection structure via a quick-release handheld terminal to trigger a manual measurement command. This allows the fiber optic gyroscope to monitor the angular velocity and angular acceleration of the support in real time, the laser rangefinder to measure the distance between the support and surrounding reference points, and calculate the initial spatial attitude of the support. Meanwhile, the industrial camera simultaneously acquires images of the support's feature points, identifies the positions of the marked points through computer vision, and generates initial angle deviation data. This data is then fused by the microprocessor controller 700 and displayed in real time on the handheld terminal interface to show the current angle of the support.

[0044] If an angle deviation is detected during the manual operation process, the operator can send a magnetic field adjustment command to the magnetic field control component 500 via a handheld terminal based on the deviation data. This causes the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological fluid chamber component 900 to rapidly increase its viscosity under the action of the magnetic field, fixing the support in the current posture. At this time, the Hall sensor array 510 provides real-time feedback on the magnetic field strength, reducing the error in the uniformity of the magnetic field distribution, thus forming a closed-loop control. After the support is fixed, the multi-sensor detection structure and industrial camera synchronously collect data again to calculate the calibrated angle value. If the deviation still exceeds the allowable range (e.g., ±0.5°), the microprocessor controller 700 automatically adjusts the magnetic field parameters and repeats the measurement. If the deviation is within the acceptable range, the operator confirms the angle via the handheld terminal and triggers the mechanical fixing procedure of the support (e.g., tightening bolts). The measurement data (including angle value, environmental parameters, and magnetic field control parameters) is then stored in the data processor 800 and uploaded to the cloud server via a wireless communication module (e.g., 4G) for easy traceability and maintenance management later.

[0045] 2. Automatic operation mode

[0046] This allows the operator to issue measurement tasks to the automated AUG vehicle via the central control unit, inputting the number of the bracket to be measured and the theoretical preset angle value. The automated AUG then autonomously moves to the target bracket using its built-in lidar obstacle avoidance structure. The docking device at the end of the robotic arm automatically locks with the modular interface of the multi-sensor detection structure, establishing power and data connections. The automated AUG then moves sequentially along a preset trajectory to each measurement point (such as the installation position structure 100 at the connection between the column and beam of the photovoltaic bracket, the connection between the diagonal brace and the main frame, and the connection area between the base and the foundation). This allows the multi-sensor detection structure to automatically collect angle, angular velocity, and other data. Distance data allows the industrial camera at the end of the robotic arm to simultaneously capture feature point images, and the data is transmitted to the microprocessor controller 700 in real time via wireless communication. The automated AUG vehicle automatically identifies the bracket number (e.g., through a feature point QR code) and matches it with a preset angle value, calculates the real-time deviation, and for the deviation of each measurement point, the microprocessor controller 700 predicts the optimal magnetic field adjustment scheme based on historical data and environmental parameters, and automatically controls the magnetic field control component (500) to adjust the magnetic field strength and distribution, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological fluid cavity component 900 rapidly increases in viscosity under the action of the magnetic field, fixing the bracket in the current posture.

[0047] After the magnetorheological fluid rapidly solidifies the bracket posture, a second measurement is performed on the whole until the angle deviation meets the requirements. At this time, the automated AUG vehicle will automatically record the qualified status and mark the measured bracket, and de-energize the magnetic field control component (500). The magnetorheological fluid resumes its flow state, the bracket regains its adjustability, and waits for the subsequent mechanical fixing process. After all the test points are measured, the automated AUG vehicle automatically disconnects from the bracket and returns to the base station.

[0048] In some embodiments, according to Figures 1-6 As shown, the magnetic field control component 500 is installed in the mounting cavity of the mounting position structure 100, and a magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly 900 is arranged at its center. The magnetic field control component 500 includes two sets of first electromagnetic coil arrays 511 and second electromagnetic coil arrays 512 with different shapes, which are used to apply an adjustable magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly 900, so that the magnetorheological fluid inside the cylindrical cavity 901 changes its viscosity under the action of the magnetic field to fix the posture of the support. The first electromagnetic coil array 511 is arranged around the top of the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity 901 to generate the main control magnetic field. The second electromagnetic coil array 512 is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the cylindrical cavity 901 to compensate for the control magnetic field. The two sets of coils work together to apply an adjustable gradient magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly 900.

[0049] The magnetic field control assembly 500 further includes a servo motor 501, which is installed inside the mounting cavity. The output end of the servo motor 501 is connected to a worm gear 506. A connecting bearing is installed on the side end of the worm gear 506. A worm wheel 507 is meshed with the side end of the worm gear 506. A rotating connecting frame 502 is connected to the bottom of the center end of the worm wheel 507. A connecting member 503 is fastened to the bottom of the rotating connecting frame 502. An electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate 509 is installed at the bottom of the connecting member 503.

[0050] A Hall sensor array 510 is installed on the back side of the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate 509. The Hall sensor array 510, the first electromagnetic coil array 511, and the second electromagnetic coil array 512 together form a magnetic field closed-loop control structure. Multiple magnetic field controllers 513 are installed at the bottom of the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate 509.

[0051] The bottom wires of the multiple magnetic field controllers 513 are connected to a temperature compensator 514. The bottom of the temperature compensator 514 is connected to a rotating base plate 508. The bottom of the rotating base plate 508 is rotatably connected to a track rail 504. The track rail 504 is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting cavity, and a plug plate 505 is installed on the side of the mounting cavity. The Hall sensor array 510 includes radially arranged radial Hall sensors and tangentially arranged tangential Hall sensors, which are used to detect the radial component and tangential component of the magnetic field, respectively, to realize three-dimensional magnetic field vector measurement.

[0052] Specifically: Before the detection operation, the Hall sensor array 510 (including radial and tangential sensors) detects stray magnetic fields in the environment in real time. The magnetic field controller 513 adjusts the weak current of the first electromagnetic coil array 511 and the second electromagnetic coil array 512 to cancel environmental interference and ensure that the initial magnetic field strength is close to zero.

[0053] During actual measurement, when the microprocessor controller 700 determines the angle of the support needs to be fixed based on the data from the measurement component 600, it sends an activation signal to the magnetic field control component 500. At this time, the servo motor 501 starts and drives the rotating connecting frame 502 to rotate through the transmission structure composed of the worm gear 506 and the worm wheel 507. This causes the connecting piece 503, the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate 509, the first electromagnetic coil array 511, the second electromagnetic coil array 512, and other structures to rotate in a ring along the trajectory of the track groove 504. This causes the first electromagnetic coil array 511, which is energized in advance, to generate a main control magnetic field perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical cavity 901. This causes the magnetorheological fluid to solidify rapidly on the upper part of the cylindrical cavity 901, forming a rigid support point at the top and initially fixing the posture of the support. (The first electromagnetic coil array 511 can be set as a ring coil with more turns than the second electromagnetic coil array 512.)

[0054] The second electromagnetic coil array 512 is energized with a delay, generating an axial compensation magnetic field to offset the difference in magnetic field gradient at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 901, ensuring the overall viscosity uniformity of the magnetorheological fluid (where the second electromagnetic coil array 512 is a flat coil). After the first electromagnetic coil array 511 and the second electromagnetic coil array 512 are energized, they rotate, forming a spiral synthetic magnetic field on the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity 901. The rotation direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate 509, causing the magnetorheological fluid (such as a suspension of micron-sized ferromagnetic particles) inside the cylindrical cavity 901 to rapidly form a chain structure along the direction of the magnetic field lines under the action of the rotating magnetic field. At the same time, shear stress is generated as the magnetic field rotates. In the upper part of the cylindrical cavity 901, due to the high strength of the main magnetic field, the particle chain forms and solidifies first, forming a rigid support surface at the top, thereby suppressing the pitch angle deviation of the support. In the lower part of the cylindrical cavity 901, due to the compensation magnetic field and eddy current effect, the particle chain solidifies later, which is used to offset the horizontal displacement and torsional deviation of the support.

[0055] As the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate 509 rotates, it cuts the magnetic lines of force, generating eddy currents within the ring plate 509. The magnetic field of the eddy currents is superimposed on the original magnetic field, increasing the magnetic field strength at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 901. Furthermore, the rotational speed of the magnetic field is synchronized with the mechanical rotational speed (i.e., the rotation driven by the transmission structure composed of the worm 506 and the worm wheel 507).

[0056] At this time, the Hall sensor array 510 is used to detect the radial and tangential magnetic field components on the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity 901 in real time. The radial sensor monitors the magnetic field intensity distribution. If there is a deviation between the magnetic field at the top and bottom, the radial sensor feeds back to the magnetic field controller 513, which automatically increases the current of the bottom coil until the distribution is uniform. Simultaneously, the tangential sensor detects the magnetic field direction deviation and adjusts the rotation speed of the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate 509 driven by the servo motor 501 to correct the magnetic field direction deviation.

[0057] Furthermore, the temperature compensator 514 synchronously monitors the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid (via an embedded thermistor). If the temperature rises and causes the viscosity to decrease, it automatically increases the current of the first electromagnetic coil array 511 and the second electromagnetic coil array 512 to compensate for the effect of temperature on the magnetic field. When the Hall sensor feedback that the magnetic field strength reaches the preset threshold, the magnetorheological fluid is completely solidified, locking the bracket posture. Then, the servo motor 501 can be de-energized, and only the transmission structure composed of the worm gear 506 and the worm wheel 507 forms a self-locking mechanism to prevent the bracket from rotating accidentally. In addition, by adjusting the rotation speed of the magnetic field in real time, the photoresistor on the photovoltaic panel matches the change of the solar azimuth angle, ensuring that the photovoltaic module is always perpendicular to the sunlight, effectively increasing power generation. Moreover, the installation position structure 100 is integrated with the photovoltaic bracket profile, without affecting the original mechanical strength, effectively suppressing the three-dimensional offset of the bracket, improving the accuracy of the bracket angle measurement, and after encountering an earthquake or strong wind, the magnetorheological fluid is re-solidified by rapidly rotating the magnetic field, correcting the bracket deformation deviation and reducing the workload of manual maintenance.

[0058] In some embodiments, according to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly 900 has a cylindrical cavity 901 for filling with magnetorheological fluid. The interior of the cylindrical cavity 901 is provided with a spiral guide groove 903 to enhance the fluidity of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0059] The magnetorheological fluid chamber assembly 900 further includes two sets of frustoconical cavities 902, which are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the cylindrical cavity 901. A miniature stress sensor 905 is embedded inside the cylindrical cavity 901 to infer the change of the support angle by measuring the change of liquid shear stress. The cylindrical cavity 901 is connected to an external magnetorheological fluid storage tank through a pipe, and the magnetorheological fluid storage tank is equipped with a miniature peristaltic pump. An inverted frustum 904 is installed on the surface of the two sets of frustoconical cavities 902, and multiple sets of radial flow guide protrusions 906 are arranged around the surface of the inverted frustum 904.

[0060] More specifically: First, the magnetorheological fluid storage tank is injected with magnetorheological fluid into the cylindrical cavity 901 via a micro-peristaltic pump. The liquid moves upward in a spiral motion along the spiral guide channel 903, improving the uniformity of fluid distribution. With the cooperation of the frustum-shaped conical cavities 902 at the top and bottom of the cylindrical cavity 901, a gradually expanding or contracting flow channel is formed. Combined with the radial guide protrusions 906 on the surface of the inverted frustum 904, dead zones are further eliminated, reducing fluid resistance. When the magnetic field control component 500 is energized to generate a rotating magnetic field, the ferromagnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid align along the magnetic field lines to form a chain-like structure, increasing the viscosity. At this time, the spiral guide channel 903 guides the magnetorheological fluid to form a spiral flow, interacting with the vortex... The coordinated rotation of the magnetic field direction makes the particle chain more orderly, accelerates the curing speed, and improves the shear strength after curing. Then, the miniature stress sensor 905 embedded in the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity 901 monitors the shear stress change of the magnetorheological fluid in real time. When the support is deviated at an angle due to external force (such as wind), the shear stress distribution inside the magnetorheological fluid changes. By analyzing the preset stress and angle data, the change in the support angle is deduced. The miniature peristaltic pump drives the magnetorheological fluid to circulate, carrying away the heat generated by the magnetic field and maintaining the working temperature range. When the temperature exceeds the threshold (such as 50°C), the circulation flow rate is automatically increased and the magnetic field strength is reduced to prevent the magnetorheological fluid from failing due to overheating.

[0061] In some embodiments, according to Figures 1-3 As shown, a frame plate 300 is embedded in the side wall of the installation position structure 100. A mating groove is provided on the side wall surface of the frame plate 300. An elastic mating end 200 is installed on the inner wall surface of the installation position structure 100. The elastic mating end 200 is connected to the mating groove.

[0062] The installation position structure 100 is equipped with a vertical slide rail 130 inside, and a displacement slider 120 is slidably connected to the outside of the vertical slide rail 130. A bottom clamp 110 is connected to the side end of the displacement slider 120, and the bottom clamp 110 is used to fix the bottom truncated cone cavity 902.

[0063] More specifically: First, the installation position structure 100 achieves rapid engagement with the frame plate surface 300 through the mating groove of the elastic mating end 200. The tapered guide surface of the elastic mating end 200 ensures a very high success rate for blind insertion alignment and automatically eliminates loose gaps under vibration. Then, before installation, the displacement slider 120 drives the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly 900 to move linearly along the vertical slide rail 130. The bottom locking part 110 forms an interference fit with the outer edge groove of the bottom truncated cone cavity 902 to fix the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly 900. When the support experiences vertical load changes due to snow accumulation or wind, the displacement slider... The 120-degree automatic height adjustment ensures that the magnetorheological fluid chamber assembly 900 is always in the optimal working position, allowing the measuring assembly 600 to acquire the initial angle of the support. The magnetic field control assembly 500 is then activated, and the magnetorheological fluid is solidified according to a gradient magnetic field strategy. The micro-stress sensor 905 provides real-time feedback of shear stress data to verify the angle fixation effect. The micro-stress sensor 905 continuously monitors changes in the support angle, recording data every 2 hours. Combined with environmental data, it predicts the deformation trend of the support and adjusts the stiffness of the magnetorheological fluid in advance, effectively ensuring the accuracy of subsequent support angle measurements.

[0064] The wiring diagrams of the Hall sensor array 510, electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate 509, magnetic field controller 513, temperature compensator 514, microprocessor controller 700, and micro stress sensor 905 in this invention are common knowledge in the field, and their working principles are known technologies. The appropriate model is selected according to actual use. Therefore, the control methods and wiring arrangements of the Hall sensor array 510, electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate 509, magnetic field controller 513, temperature compensator 514, microprocessor controller 700, and micro stress sensor 905 will not be explained in detail.

[0065] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the installation angle of a support structure for photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: It includes an installation location structure (100), a magnetic field control assembly (500), and a measurement assembly (600); The installation position structure (100) is located at the connection between the column and the beam of the photovoltaic bracket, the connection point between the diagonal brace and the main frame, and the connection area between the base and the foundation. The installation position structure (100) has an installation cavity inside for accommodating the magnetic field control component (500). The shape of the installation cavity matches the outer contour of the magnetic field control component (500), and the inner wall of the installation cavity is provided with a soft magnetic surface for enhancing magnetic field conduction. The magnetic field control component (500) is installed in the mounting cavity of the mounting position structure (100), and a magnetorheological fluid cavity component (900) is provided at its center. The magnetorheological fluid cavity component (900) has a cylindrical cavity (901) for filling with magnetorheological fluid. The interior of the cylindrical cavity (901) is provided with a spiral guide groove (903) to enhance the fluidity of the magnetorheological fluid. The magnetic field control component (500) includes two sets of first electromagnetic coil arrays (511) and second electromagnetic coil arrays (512) of different shapes. 2) Used to apply an adjustable magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly (900) so that the magnetorheological fluid inside the cylindrical cavity (901) changes its viscosity under the action of the magnetic field to fix the posture of the support. The first electromagnetic coil array (511) is arranged around the top of the outer periphery of the cylindrical cavity (901) to generate the main control magnetic field. The second electromagnetic coil array (512) is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the cylindrical cavity (901) to compensate the control magnetic field. The two sets of coils work together to apply an adjustable gradient magnetic field to the magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly (900).

2. The bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the magnetic field control component (500) and the measurement component (600) are communicatively connected to a microprocessor controller (700). The microprocessor controller (700) is connected to a data processor (800) via a side signal. An environmental detection sensor (400) is installed on the side wall surface of the mounting position structure (100) to detect environmental parameters and transmit the data to the data processor (800) to correct measurement errors.

3. The bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement component (600) includes a multi-sensor detection structure and an external vision measurement structure arranged at key parts of the support. The multi-sensor detection structure includes at least a fiber optic gyroscope and a laser rangefinder sensor for real-time acquisition of the support's tilt angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and spatial distance data. The external vision measurement structure identifies feature points of the support using an industrial camera.

4. The bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic field control assembly (500) further includes a servo motor (501), which is installed inside the mounting cavity. The output end of the servo motor (501) is connected to a worm gear (506). A connecting bearing is installed on the side end of the worm gear (506). A worm wheel (507) is meshed with the side end of the worm gear (506). A rotating connecting frame (502) is connected to the bottom of the center end of the worm wheel (507). A connector (503) is fastened to the bottom of the rotating connecting frame (502). An electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate (509) is installed at the bottom of the connector (503).

5. The bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 4, characterized in that: A Hall sensor array (510) is installed on the back side of the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate (509). The Hall sensor array (510), the first electromagnetic coil array (511), and the second electromagnetic coil array (512) together form a magnetic field closed-loop control structure. Multiple magnetic field controllers (513) are installed at the bottom of the electromagnetic induction enhancement ring plate (509).

6. The bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom wires of the multiple magnetic field controllers (513) are connected to temperature compensators (514), and the bottom of the temperature compensators (514) is connected to a rotating base plate (508).

7. The bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the rotating base plate (508) is rotatably connected to a track rail (504), the track rail (504) is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting cavity, and a plug plate (505) is installed on the side of the mounting cavity.

8. The bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetorheological fluid cavity assembly (900) further includes two sets of frustum conical cavities (902), which are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the cylindrical cavity (901). A miniature stress sensor (905) is embedded inside the cylindrical cavity (901) to infer the change of the support angle by measuring the change of liquid shear stress.

9. The bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 8, characterized in that: An inverted frustum (904) is installed on the surface of the two sets of frustum cavities (902), and multiple sets of radial guide protrusions (906) are arranged around the surface of the inverted frustum (904).

10. The bracket installation angle measuring device for photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the installation position structure (100) is embedded with a frame plate surface (300), and the side wall surface of the frame plate surface (300) is provided with a docking groove. The inner wall surface of the installation position structure (100) is provided with an elastic docking end (200), and the elastic docking end (200) is connected to the docking groove.

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