Power distribution network line automatic line selection optimization method based on GIS

Abstract

The invention discloses a GIS-based power distribution network line automatic line selection optimization method, and relates to the technical field of electric power construction, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a drawing dwg-format wiring drawing of a distribution network wiring diagram and geographic space data of a geographic information GIS system, importing the dwg-format wiring drawing into drawing CAD software by a computing device, and carrying out the calculation of the drawing CAD software; a secondary development plug-in is imported into CAD software, the CAD software extracts drawing information of the wiring drawing in the dwg format through the secondary development plug-in, and the extracted information is sorted into a data set and exported. The non-standard drawing information extraction of the distribution network geographical wiring diagram is realized through the CAD secondary development plug-in, the precise fusion with the GIS system is realized through coordinate conversion, the difference between a data format and a coordinate system is eliminated, the effects of efficient data association and precise space positioning are achieved, the improvement of the distribution network line path planning precision is realized, and the method has the advantages of simple operation and high efficiency. And a reliable data basis is provided for subsequent line selection optimization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric power construction, in particular to a GIS-based automatic line selection optimization method for distribution network lines. BACKGROUND

[0002] The distribution network is a key component of the power system, directly related to power supply reliability and power quality. With the development of new power system construction and energy internet, the distribution network is facing new challenges and opportunities. State Grid Corporation actively promotes the innovation of distribution network line design technology, improves the design level and efficiency, and helps the high-quality development of distribution network. The current distribution network line design mainly focuses on the safety and reliability of the line to ensure stable power supply. The GIS-based distribution network line selection is mainly based on the geographic information system (GIS) intelligent line selection design technology of the distribution network line. Through the integration of geographic, power grid and environmental multi-source data, spatial analysis and intelligent algorithms are used to provide scientific and efficient solutions for distribution network line design.

[0003] In the existing distribution network line design, due to the non-standard drawing information of the distribution network geographic connection diagram (dwg format) and the standard map data of the GIS system, there is a problem of format incompatibility and coordinate system inconsistency. When selecting a line, static geographic data and real-time dynamic data need to be integrated manually, and multi-objective optimization decisions are made relying on experience. There is a lack of full life cycle cost consideration, which leads to low path planning accuracy and low design efficiency. There are also problems such as inconsistency between the scheme and the actual constraints on site, and one-sided economic evaluation, which ultimately results in high construction cost of distribution network lines, difficulty in post-operation and maintenance, and difficulty in adapting to the development needs of new power systems. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a GIS-based automatic line selection optimization method for distribution network lines, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are used: a GIS-based automatic line selection optimization method for distribution network lines, comprising the following steps:

[0006] A1, obtain the drawing dwg format connection diagram of the distribution network connection diagram and the geographic spatial data of the geographic information GIS system, the computing device imports the dwg format connection diagram into the drawing CAD software, imports the secondary development plug-in in the CAD software, the computing device extracts the drawing information of the dwg format connection diagram through the secondary development plug-in of the CAD software, and sorts and exports the data set;

[0007] A2, importing the dataset into a file format conversion tool in the computing device, converting into a GIS system format file, importing the GIS system format file into the GIS system, aligning the GIS system format file data with the geographic spatial data of the GIS system, and exporting a distribution network geographic wiring diagram;

[0008] A3, obtaining historical data and planning data of a route selection area, generating influence weight data of a route selection path, importing the distribution network geographic wiring diagram into a map visualization Cesium platform, and constructing an initial model of the route selection path based on the Cesium platform and the distribution network geographic wiring diagram;

[0009] A4, superimposing the influence weight data information onto the initial model based on the Cesium platform, and re-computing the route selection path based on the influence of the influence weight data on the initial model, to finally obtain a distribution network route selection path and generate a corresponding path drawing;

[0010] A5, obtaining equipment cost, construction difficulty, and operation and maintenance demand of distribution network construction based on route selection path information in the path drawing, importing the distribution network route selection path drawing information into a full life cycle simulation software, and obtaining a cost-benefit report through full life cycle simulation analysis of the distribution network route selection path;

[0011] A6, generating a plurality of cost-benefit reports and distribution network route selection paths based on steps A1-A5, and performing corresponding combination evaluation on the cost-benefit reports and the distribution network route selection paths, to select an optimal path scheme and synchronize it to the GIS system.

[0012] Preferably, the secondary development plug-in of the CAD software in step A1 is realized by writing a plug-in through an API of the software, and the API is an application programming interface, which specifically includes:

[0013] A1.1, calling a corresponding model interface of the CAD software, calling a parameter object in a dwg format wiring drawing file at the same time, and identifying device blocks, cable lines, and overhead line segment entities in the dwg format wiring drawing;

[0014] A1.2, extracting insertion point coordinates, electrical parameters, and vertex coordinate sequences of the device blocks, cable lines, and overhead line segment entities in the dwg format wiring drawing, and generating a text data exchange format file containing device ID, type, coordinates, parameters, and route selection path characteristics in the dwg format wiring drawing;

[0015] A1.3, the secondary development plug-in has a built-in verification unit, which checks the integrity of the extracted text data exchange format file, and corrects recognition errors by comparing with a distribution network preset device graphics library.

[0016] Preferably, the file format conversion tool is FME, i.e., a spatial data conversion processing system, the GIS system format file is in a GeoJSON format or a PostGIS format, the GeoJSON format is a geospatial data exchange format, and the PostGIS format is a spatial database format.

[0017] Preferably, the establishment of the influence weight data adopts an analytic hierarchy process, and the influence weight data includes a meteorological factor weight, a geological disaster weight, a construction area weight and a planning restriction weight, and the sum of the weight coefficients is 1.

[0018] Preferably, when the Cesium platform recalculates the route selection path, the route selection path minimizes a comprehensive cost including a material cost, a construction cost and an environmental impact cost.

[0019] Preferably, the cost composition of the full life cycle simulation analysis includes a distribution network construction cost, an annual operation and maintenance cost of distribution network equipment and lines, a fault repair cost and a decommissioning disposal cost, and the time period of the full life cycle simulation analysis is 30 years.

[0020] Preferably, the evaluation in step A6 adopts a weighted scoring method, and the evaluation indexes include a path length, a comprehensive cost, a safety coefficient, an environmental impact index and compatibility with an existing network frame, and the weight of each index is dynamically adjusted according to a route selection scene.

[0021] Preferably, the data set includes IDs, types, coordinates and capacity parameters of a transformer substation, a switch station and a ring network cabinet, and path coordinate sequences and conductor type parameters of a cable line and an overhead line.

[0022] Preferably, the historical data and planning data of the route selection area obtained from the weather station and the municipal government include historical weather data, historical disasters, real-time construction areas and municipal construction planning plans.

[0023] A computer device includes a processor and a memory, and the memory stores at least one program code, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the GIS-based distribution network line automatic route selection optimization method using the computer device.

[0024] The application provides a GIS-based distribution network line automatic route selection optimization method.

[0025] (1) Through the CAD secondary development plug-in, non-standard drawing information extraction of distribution network geographic wiring diagram is realized, and through coordinate conversion, accurate fusion with the GIS system is realized, the differences of data format and coordinate system are eliminated, the effects of efficient data association and accurate spatial positioning are achieved, the accuracy of distribution network line path planning is improved, and reliable data basis is provided for subsequent line selection optimization.

[0026] (2) By acquiring historical meteorological, disaster and other data of the distribution network area, as well as construction and planning data adjustment constraint weight, combined with multi-objective optimization algorithm to automatically generate path scheme, the manual data integration and experience decision-making mode is replaced, the effects of quick response to real-time constraints and intelligent decision-making in the line selection process are achieved, the efficiency of distribution network line design is improved, and the problem that the scheme does not match the actual constraints is avoided.

[0027] (3) The whole life cycle cost evaluation is included in the line selection optimization, the costs of construction, operation and maintenance and fault repair in each stage are comprehensively considered, the limitation of only focusing on construction cost is broken through, the effects of comprehensiveness and forward-looking of cost evaluation are achieved, so the overall optimization of distribution network line economy is realized, the difficulty of later operation and maintenance is reduced, and the development needs of the new power system are better met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Fig. 1 The method flowchart of the GIS-based automatic line selection optimization method for distribution network lines is provided.

[0029] Fig. 2 The method step framework of the GIS-based automatic line selection optimization method for distribution network lines is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] Please refer to Figs. 1-2 The present application provides a GIS-based automatic line selection optimization method for distribution network lines. To achieve the above purpose, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions: comprising the following steps:

[0033] A1, obtain the drawing dwg format wiring diagram paper of the distribution network wiring diagram and the geographic spatial data of the geographic information GIS system, the computing device imports the dwg format wiring diagram paper into the drawing CAD software, a secondary development plug-in is imported into the CAD software, the computing device extracts the drawing information of the dwg format wiring diagram paper through the secondary development plug-in of the CAD software, organizes it into a data set and exports it;

[0034] A2, import the data set into a file format conversion tool in the computing device, convert it into a GIS system format file, import it into the GIS system, align the GIS system format file data with the geographic spatial data of the GIS system, and export the distribution network geographic wiring diagram;

[0035] A3, obtain the historical data and planning data of the selected line area, generate the influence weight data of the selected line path, import the distribution network geographic wiring diagram into the map visualization Cesium platform, and construct the initial model of the selected line path based on the Cesium platform and the distribution network geographic wiring diagram;

[0036] A4, superimpose the influence weight data information on the initial model based on the Cesium platform, interfere with the influence of the initial model based on the influence weight data, recalculate the selected line path, and finally obtain the distribution network selected line path and generate the corresponding path drawing;

[0037] A5, based on the selected line path information in the path drawing, obtain the equipment cost, construction difficulty and operation and maintenance demand of the distribution network construction, import the distribution network selected line path drawing information into the full life cycle simulation software, and analyze the full life cycle of the distribution network selected line path to obtain the cost benefit report;

[0038] A6, based on steps A1-A5, generate a plurality of cost benefit reports and distribution network selected line paths, and the cost benefit reports and the distribution network selected line paths are combined for evaluation, select the optimal scheme and synchronize to the GIS system.

[0039] In this embodiment, in step A1, the extracted information not only includes the spatial coordinates of the equipment, but also covers the complete electrical parameters. For the transformer substation, the voltage level, rated capacity and outgoing line interval number are extracted. For the ring network cabinet, the rated current, short circuit resistance time and incoming and outgoing line loop number are extracted. For the line, the conductor type, cross-sectional area, laying method and insulation grade are extracted. These information is organized as a data set, stored in a relational data model, and a topological association index between equipment and lines is established to ensure the integrity and correlation of the data;

[0040] Before coordinate transformation, the native coordinate system of the dwg file needs to be analyzed to determine whether it is an independent coordinate system, a local coordinate system or other non-standard coordinate system. The implementation process of the seven-parameter transformation method includes: uniformly selecting control points with reasonable distribution in the planning area, the number of which is not less than 3, and covering the edge and center of the area, obtaining the plane coordinates (X, Y) and elevation of the control points in the dwg coordinate system, and the latitude (N) and longitude (S) and geodetic height in the WGS-84 coordinate system through surveying and mapping equipment;

[0041] A hierarchical structure is constructed to divide the route selection target into a target layer, a criterion layer and a scheme layer. A judgment matrix is constructed by scoring method to quantify the relative importance of each factor in the criterion layer, calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix and the corresponding eigenvector, obtain the weight of each criterion, and perform consistency check. If the consistency requirement is not met, the judgment matrix is adjusted again. In the path search, Dijkstra algorithm divides the planning area into uniform grid cells as search nodes, and the connection relationship between nodes is determined according to the geographical spatial topology. The cost function of the algorithm considers factors such as path length, construction cost, construction difficulty, environmental impact, and connection convenience with the existing power grid. The shortest cumulative cost from the starting point to each node is calculated through iterative calculation to generate an initial path. The number of initial paths is determined according to the complexity of the planning area to ensure that different potential optimal directions are covered. The three-dimensional scene constructed on the Cesium platform integrates high-precision digital elevation model (DEM), high-resolution remote sensing image, urban three-dimensional model and other geographic data. The resolution of DEM data is selected according to the complexity of the terrain of the planning area for easy visual inspection.

[0042] In the process of route selection, the computing device first imports the obtained dwg format distribution network wiring drawing into AutoCAD software, and imports a secondary development plug-in developed based on AutoCAD API. The plug-in is composed of three core units: image recognition, data extraction and verification correction. Image recognition accurately identifies substation, switch station, ring network cabinet and other device blocks in the drawing, as well as cable lines, overhead lines and other line segment entities by calling the CAD model interface and the dwg format file parameter object. Data extraction extracts key information for different image types. For device blocks, the insertion point coordinates, electrical parameters (such as voltage level and rated capacity of substations, rated current and short-circuit resistance time of ring network cabinets) in the attribute block are extracted. For line segments, the vertex coordinate sequence, conductor type, cross-sectional area and other parameters are extracted. Finally, a text data exchange format file containing device ID, type, coordinates, parameters and path characteristics is generated. The verification unit compares the extracted data with the preset distribution network device graphics library to check the integrity of the data and correct the recognition deviation caused by drawing errors. For example, the fuzzy line vertex coordinates are corrected by the adjacent point interpolation method.

[0043] FME is used as a format conversion tool to convert the dataset into a GIS-compatible file format. The seven-parameter conversion method is used for coordinate conversion. At least three control points are uniformly selected in the route selection area. The dual coordinates of the control points in the dwg native coordinate system and the WGS-84 coordinate system used by the GIS system are obtained through surveying and mapping equipment. The translation parameters, rotation parameters and scaling parameters are calculated to realize the accurate conversion of the dwg drawing coordinates to the WGS-84 coordinate system. After the GIS format file converted is imported into the GIS system, the spatial position alignment of the distribution network wiring diagram and the GIS map is completed through feature point matching (such as taking the substation coordinates as the reference point), ensuring that the spatial positioning error of the equipment and the line in the GIS map is not more than 0.5 meters, and the distribution network geographic wiring diagram is exported.

[0044] The historical meteorological data (including rainfall, wind speed, thunderstorm frequency, etc.) of the route selection area in the past 10 years and the historical disaster records (such as the location and frequency of landslides and floods) are obtained from the meteorological station interface. The real-time construction area data (including construction range, construction period and construction progress, etc.) and the future 5-year municipal construction planning plan (such as road expansion, pipeline laying area, etc.) are obtained from the municipal management platform. The analytic hierarchy process is used to establish the influence weight data. The route selection constraints are divided into four categories: meteorological factors, geological disasters, construction areas and planning restrictions. The relative importance of each factor is quantified by constructing a judgment matrix (such as setting the weight of the geological disaster-prone area to 0.3 and the weight of the planning restriction area to 0.25). The sum of the weight coefficients is 1. Then the distribution network geographic wiring diagram and the influence weight data are imported into the Cesium platform. Based on the device distribution and line direction in the wiring diagram, the Cesium platform constructs an initial route selection path model containing terrain elevation, road network and existing power grid facilities. The Cesium platform superimposes the influence weight data on the initial model in the form of layers. Based on the minimum comprehensive cost objective, the hierarchical analysis method weight and Dijkstra algorithm are combined to recalculate the path. The node cost function considers the path length, construction difficulty and environmental impact. Through iterative calculation, the shortest cumulative cost from the starting point to each node is obtained, generating 3-5 initial paths. Finally, the distribution network route selection path and the corresponding drawing are output, which avoids high-weight constraint areas.

[0045] Based on the path paper extraction equipment list (such as the conductor model, the number of towers), construction mileage, terrain type and other information, import the full life cycle simulation software, the cost composition covers the construction stage, operation and maintenance stage, fault repair stage and decommissioning stage, the simulation period is set to 30 years, the discount rate is 5%, the net present value is calculated, the cost-benefit report including the cost proportion of each stage and the total cost trend is generated, then the evaluation indexes include path length (weight 0.2), comprehensive cost (weight 0.3), safety factor (weight 0.25, calculated based on the proportion of avoiding disaster areas), environmental impact index (weight 0.15) and compatibility with existing network frame (weight 0.1), the weight of each index is dynamically adjusted according to the route selection scene (such as increasing the compatibility weight to 0.2 in the core area of the city), the optimal scheme with the highest comprehensive score is selected as the optimal scheme through quantitative scoring and weighted summation of the indexes, and the selection result is stored and called for subsequent operation and maintenance through the GIS system, realizing the visualization storage and subsequent operation and maintenance calling of the route selection result.

[0046] Embodiment 2

[0047] Specifically, the secondary development plug-in of the CAD software in step A1 is realized by writing a plug-in through the API (application programming interface) of the software, and the API specifically includes:

[0048] A1.1, call the corresponding model interface of the CAD software, and call the parameter object in the dwg format wiring drawing file at the same time, identify the device block, cable line and overhead line segment entity in the dwg format wiring drawing;

[0049] A1.2, extract the insertion point coordinates, electrical parameters and vertex coordinate sequence of the line segment of the device block, cable line and overhead line segment entity in the dwg format wiring drawing, and generate a text data exchange format file containing the device ID, type, coordinates, parameters and route selection path characteristics in the dwg format wiring drawing;

[0050] A1.3, the built-in checking unit of the secondary development plug-in checks the integrity of the extracted text data exchange format file, and corrects the recognition error by comparing with the preset device graphics library of the distribution network;

[0051] In this embodiment, the CAD secondary development plug-in is developed based on AutoCAD, and the plug-in is composed of an image recognition unit, a data extraction unit, a data checking unit and a data output unit. The image recognition unit identifies different types of distribution network elements by analyzing the attributes of the images in the dwg file. The data extraction unit extracts corresponding information for different types of images. For block images, the insertion point coordinates, rotation angle, scaling ratio and attribute values in the attribute block are extracted. For line segment images, vertex coordinates, length, direction and other geometric information are extracted. For multi-segment lines, whether it is closed and whether it has a width are also extracted.

[0052] The data checking unit checks the extracted data by preset checking rules, including data integrity checking, data rationality checking and topology consistency checking. For data that fails to pass the checking, the error type is marked and the user is prompted to correct. The data output unit converts the data that passes the checking into a data set, and stores the data of different types of distribution network elements. The data of each element is represented in the form of key-value pair, facilitating subsequent analysis and processing. The plug-in also provides a user interaction interface, allowing the user to set the range of data extraction, select the type of distribution network element to be extracted, and configure the checking rule parameters.

[0053] Embodiment 3

[0054] Specifically, the file format conversion tool is FME, the GIS system format file is in GeoJSON format or PostGIS format, the GeoJSON format is a geospatial data exchange format, and the PostGIS format is a spatial database format.

[0055] The establishment of the influence weight data adopts the analytic hierarchy process, and the influence weight data includes meteorological factor weight, geological disaster weight, construction area weight and planning restriction weight. The sum of each weight coefficient is 1.

[0056] When the Cesium platform recalculates the route selection path, the minimumization of the comprehensive cost is taken as the target, and the comprehensive cost includes material cost, construction cost and environmental impact cost.

[0057] The cost composition of the full life cycle simulation analysis includes distribution network construction cost, annual operation and maintenance cost of distribution network equipment and lines, fault repair cost and decommissioning disposal cost. The time period of the full life cycle simulation analysis is 30 years.

[0058] The evaluation in step A6 adopts the weighted scoring method, and the evaluation indexes include path length, comprehensive cost, safety coefficient, environmental impact index and compatibility with existing network frame. The weight of each index is dynamically adjusted according to the route selection scene.

[0059] The data set includes the ID, type, coordinate and capacity parameters of the transformer substation, switch station and ring network cabinet, as well as the path coordinate sequence and conductor type parameters of the cable line and overhead line.

[0060] The historical data and planning data of the route selection area are obtained from the weather station and the municipal government, including historical meteorological data, historical disasters, construction area and planning of municipal construction.

[0061] In this embodiment, the analytic hierarchy process is specifically: the line selection target is divided into a target layer (optimal path), a criterion layer (meteorological factors, geological disasters, construction area, planning restrictions) and a scheme layer (candidate path), the membership relationship between each layer is clear, for the four factors of the criterion layer, invite power planning experts to score the relative importance of each factor according to historical data and engineering experience, for example, in the mountainous area line selection scene, the geological disaster factor (such as landslide, debris flow) has a significant impact on path safety, and the importance ratio of the meteorological factor can be set to 3:1, in the urban core area, the weight of the planning restriction factor (such as the forbidden construction area, underground pipeline) needs to be higher than that of the construction area factor;

[0062] The maximum eigenvalue and the corresponding eigenvector of the judgment matrix are solved by matrix operation to obtain the weight coefficients of each factor (meteorological factor weight ω1, geological disaster weight ω2, construction area weight ω3, planning restriction weight ω4), and the rationality of the judgment matrix is judged by a consistency index (CI) and an average random consistency index (RI) (CI / RI<0.1 passes the test), finally ensuring ω1+ω2+ω3+ω4=1, the weight data is associated with the original data obtained from the meteorological station and the municipal government, for example, the annual average thunderstorm day number in the historical meteorological data determines the dynamic adjustment range of the meteorological weight coefficient, and the road expansion range in the municipal planning directly affects the spatial distribution of the planning restriction weight.

[0063] The initial model is based on the geographic connection diagram of the distribution network, the Cesium platform loads high-precision digital elevation model (DEM), remote sensing image and existing power grid facility data, constructs a three-dimensional initial model containing terrain undulation, building distribution and road network, and clearly presents the geographical environment base of the line selection area.

[0064] The evaluation model of the whole life cycle cost covers the whole life cycle of the distribution network line from planning and design to retirement and scrap, including the cost of the construction stage, the operation and maintenance stage, the fault stage and the retirement stage, the construction cost includes survey and design fee, equipment purchase fee, material purchase fee, building engineering fee, installation engineering fee, supervision fee, management fee and reserve fee, etc., each cost is calculated according to the engineering quantity list and market price, the operation and maintenance cost refers to the annual cost of the line in the operation and maintenance stage, including daily inspection fee, regular maintenance fee, channel maintenance fee, test fee and personnel training fee, etc., each cost is determined according to the maintenance period, maintenance workload and market price, and the operation and maintenance cost under different terrain and environmental conditions is different and needs to be calculated respectively.

[0065] Embodiment 4

[0066] A computer device, the computer device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing at least one program code, the at least one program code being loaded and executed by the processor to use the computer device to implement a GIS-based automatic line selection optimization method for distribution network lines.

[0067] The embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the embodiments can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the whole or part of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in or transmitted from a computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center through a wired (for example, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital line (DSL)) or wireless (for example, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) manner. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data processing device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes one or more available media sets. The available media can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0068] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, alternatives, and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for automatic route selection and optimization of power distribution network lines based on GIS, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A1. Obtain the wiring diagram in DWG format and the geospatial data from the geographic information GIS system. The computing device imports the wiring diagram in DWG format into the drawing CAD software. A secondary development plugin is imported into the CAD software. The computing device extracts the drawing information of the wiring diagram in DWG format through the secondary development plugin of the CAD software, organizes it into a dataset, and exports it. A2. In the computing device, import the dataset into a file format conversion tool, convert it into a GIS system format file, import it into the GIS system, use the geospatial data of the GIS system to perform map spatial location alignment on the GIS system format file data, and export the power distribution network geographic wiring diagram; A3. Obtain historical and planning data of the route selection area, generate influence weight data on the route selection path, import the power distribution network geographic connection map into the map visualization Cesium platform, and construct an initial model of the route selection path based on the power distribution network geographic connection map on the Cesium platform. A4. Based on the Cesium platform, the influence weight data information is superimposed on the initial model. Based on the influence weight data on the route selection path in the initial model, the route selection path is recalculated, and finally the distribution network route selection path is obtained and the corresponding route drawing is generated. A5. Based on the route selection information in the route drawing, obtain the equipment cost, construction difficulty and operation and maintenance requirements of the distribution network construction, import the distribution network route selection route drawing information into the full life cycle simulation software, and obtain a cost-benefit report by performing a full life cycle simulation analysis of the distribution network route selection. A6. Based on steps A1-A5, generate multiple cost-benefit reports and distribution network route selection paths, and evaluate the corresponding combination of cost-benefit reports and distribution network route selection paths, select the optimal route scheme, and synchronize it to the GIS system.

2. The automatic route selection and optimization method for distribution network lines based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary development plugin for the CAD software mentioned in step A1 is implemented by writing plugins through the software's API. The API is an application programming interface, specifically including: A1.1 Call the corresponding model interface of the CAD software, and at the same time call the parameter object in the dwg format wiring drawing file to identify the equipment blocks, cable lines and overhead line segments in the dwg format wiring drawing; A1.2 Extract the insertion point coordinates, electrical parameters, and vertex coordinate sequences of the equipment blocks, cable lines, and overhead line segments in the dwg format wiring diagram, and generate a text data exchange format file containing the equipment ID, type, coordinates, parameters, and line selection path characteristics in the dwg format wiring diagram; A1.3 The secondary development plugin has a built-in verification unit that performs integrity checks on the data in the extracted text data exchange format file and corrects recognition errors by comparing it with the preset device graphic library of the distribution network.

3. The automatic route selection and optimization method for distribution network lines based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The file format conversion tool is FME, which is a spatial data conversion and processing system. The GIS system format file is either GeoJSON or PostGIS. GeoJSON is a geospatial data exchange format, and PostGIS is a spatial database format.

4. The automatic route selection and optimization method for distribution network lines based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The influence weight data is established using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The influence weight data includes: meteorological factor weight, geological disaster weight, construction area weight, and planning restriction weight, with the sum of each weight coefficient being 1.

5. The automatic route selection and optimization method for distribution network lines based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the Cesium platform recalculates the route selection path, the goal is to minimize the overall cost of the selected route, which includes material costs, construction costs, and environmental impact costs.

6. The automatic route selection and optimization method for distribution network lines based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cost composition of the full life cycle simulation analysis includes: distribution network construction cost, annual operation and maintenance cost of distribution network equipment and lines, fault repair cost, and decommissioning cost. The time period of the full life cycle simulation analysis is 30 years.

7. The automatic route selection and optimization method for distribution network lines based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assessment described in step A6 adopts a weighted scoring method. The assessment indicators include path length, overall cost, safety factor, environmental impact index, and compatibility with existing grid structures. The weight of each indicator is dynamically adjusted according to the route selection scenario.

8. The automatic route selection and optimization method for distribution network lines based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dataset includes: ID, type, coordinates, and capacity parameters of substations, switching stations, and ring main units, as well as path coordinate sequences and conductor type parameters of cable lines and overhead lines.

9. The automatic route selection and optimization method for distribution network lines based on GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The historical data for the selected route area includes historical meteorological data and historical disaster data, while the planning data for the selected route area includes real-time construction areas and municipal construction plans.

10. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing at least one piece of program code, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a GIS-based automatic route selection optimization method for power distribution networks as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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