Alkaline electrolytic bath simulation system for producing green hydrogen through photovoltaic electrolysis

Abstract

An alkaline electrolytic cell simulation system for producing green hydrogen through photovoltaic electrolysis comprises a variable input module used for receiving input variables and providing the input variables for a simulation algorithm module, and the input variables comprise alkaline electrolytic cell rectifier power and alkaline electrolytic cell efficiency; the simulation algorithm module is used for calculating the state parameters of the alkaline electrolytic cell in real time according to the input variables, including the mass of consumed water, the mass of generated hydrogen and the mass of generated oxygen of the alkaline electrolytic cell according to the rectifier power of the alkaline electrolytic cell and the efficiency of the alkaline electrolytic cell; the output module is used for outputting state parameters, and the state parameters comprise the mass of consumed water, the mass of generated hydrogen and the mass of generated oxygen. The simulation system can simulate the structure, principle and other characteristics of the actual alkaline electrolytic cell, simulates and outputs the operation state parameters of the actual alkaline electrolytic cell, and is high in simulation precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of green hydrogen technology, specifically to a simulation system for an alkaline electrolyzer for producing green hydrogen via photovoltaic electrolysis. Background Technology

[0002] Green hydrogen refers to hydrogen produced from renewable resources (such as solar energy, wind, and water). Compared to traditional hydrogen, the production process of green hydrogen is more environmentally friendly, with less emission of air pollutants such as carbon dioxide. Furthermore, green hydrogen can serve as a sustainable source of green energy, contributing to sustainable energy development. Photovoltaic electrolysis for green hydrogen production utilizes photovoltaic power generation to electrolyze water, directly producing green hydrogen without any environmental pollution. This method boasts high energy conversion efficiency, reduces resource waste, and is particularly suitable for regions rich in solar energy resources.

[0003] Alkaline electrolysis, which produces hydrogen by electrolyzing water in an alkaline electrolyte environment, has advantages such as high efficiency and low cost, making it the most widely used hydrogen production method. The alkaline electrolyzer is one of the core pieces of equipment in alkaline electrolysis hydrogen production. Existing technologies simulate the operating characteristics of the electrolyzer based on the principle of mass conservation in water electrolysis. However, due to limitations in the principle, existing technologies cannot simulate important operating characteristics such as power and current consumption during the electrolysis of green hydrogen, resulting in low simulation accuracy and an inability to accurately reproduce the operating state of the alkaline electrolyzer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides a simulation system for an alkaline electrolyzer for photovoltaic electrolysis to produce green hydrogen, comprising:

[0005] The variable input module is used to receive input variables and provide the input variables to the simulation algorithm module. The input variables include the power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier and the efficiency of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0006] The simulation algorithm module is used to calculate the state parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer in real time based on the input variables, including calculating the mass of water consumed, the mass of hydrogen generated, and the mass of oxygen generated by the alkaline electrolyzer based on the power of the rectifier and the efficiency of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0007] The output module is used to output the state parameters, which include the mass of water consumed, the mass of hydrogen generated, and the mass of oxygen generated.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the alkaline electrolyzer simulation system for photovoltaic electrolysis to produce green hydrogen simulates the structure, principle and other characteristics of the actual alkaline electrolyzer, and outputs the operating status parameters of the actual alkaline electrolyzer with high simulation accuracy;

[0009] The simulation system realistically reproduces the equipment characteristics and the entire production process of producing green hydrogen using an alkaline electrolyzer. Taking into account factors such as power supply, alkaline electrolyzer, hydrogen-oxygen separator, and its water replenishment and alkali circulation system, it can simulate the actual operating state of an alkaline electrolyzer with high precision.

[0010] The simulation system algorithm utilizes real-time sampled input variables to calculate various state parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer in real time through iterative loops, resulting in high simulation accuracy.

[0011] By correcting the equipment constants of the alkaline electrolyzer, the simulation system can accurately simulate the equipment characteristics of different alkaline electrolyzers, thus improving the simulation accuracy.

[0012] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an alkaline electrolyzer simulation system for photovoltaic electrolysis to produce green hydrogen according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a simulation system for an alkaline electrolyzer for producing green hydrogen via photovoltaic electrolysis, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown. Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a simulation system for an alkaline electrolyzer for photovoltaic electrolysis to produce green hydrogen, comprising:

[0017] The variable input module is used to receive input variables and provide them to the simulation algorithm module. The input variables include the power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier and the efficiency of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0018] The simulation algorithm module is used to calculate the state parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer in real time based on the input variables, including the mass of water consumed, the mass of hydrogen generated, and the mass of oxygen generated by the alkaline electrolyzer based on the power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier and the efficiency of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0019] The output module is used to output state parameters, including the mass of water consumed, the mass of hydrogen generated, and the mass of oxygen generated.

[0020] The alkaline electrolyzer simulation system for photovoltaic electrolysis to produce green hydrogen of the present invention can simulate the structure, principle and other characteristics of the actual alkaline electrolyzer, and output the operating status parameters of the actual alkaline electrolyzer with high simulation accuracy.

[0021] An alkaline electrolyzer mainly consists of an anode, a cathode, and an alkaline electrolyte (such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide solution). During electrolysis, current flows through the electrolyte, causing water molecules to undergo oxidation and reduction reactions at the anode and cathode, respectively. Specifically, at the anode, water molecules lose electrons and are oxidized into oxygen; at the cathode, water molecules gain electrons and are reduced into hydrogen. Thus, through electrolysis, water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen. The power of the rectifier in an alkaline electrolyzer is also the input power of the alkaline electrolyzer, which is the power consumed by the electrolysis reaction.

[0022] Next, hydrogen and oxygen need to be separated and collected. This requires hydrogen separators and oxygen separators. These two separators are directly connected to the alkaline electrolyzer, and the hydrogen and oxygen produced by electrolysis are introduced into their respective separators through pipelines. In the separators, the hydrogen and oxygen are further separated, cooled, and purified to meet the requirements of subsequent use. Furthermore, hydrogen outlet valves and oxygen outlet valves are respectively installed between the alkaline electrolyzer and the hydrogen and oxygen separators. The alkaline electrolyzer and separators can only operate normally when both valves are open. Therefore, the operating status of the alkaline electrolyzer can be determined by judging the status of the hydrogen and oxygen outlet valves. During the simulation, the status of the hydrogen and oxygen outlet valves is received through the variable input module. When both are open, the alkaline electrolyzer operates normally; when one of the hydrogen or oxygen outlet valves is closed, the alkaline electrolyzer does not operate.

[0023] Hydrogen separators typically operate based on physical or chemical methods. Physical methods, such as pressure difference, temperature difference, or adsorption, can separate hydrogen from a gas mixture; chemical methods, such as catalytic reactions, can also achieve selective separation of hydrogen. Oxygen separators operate on a similar principle, separating oxygen from a gas mixture using physical or chemical methods.

[0024] The simulation algorithm module calculates the mass of water consumed by the alkaline electrolyzer according to the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, M t,消耗水 W represents the mass of water consumed by the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t. t η represents the power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier at sampling time t. t The efficiency of the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t is represented by m. 水 H represents the molar mass of a water molecule, and H represents the enthalpy of combustion produced by electrolyzing 1 mole of water under standard conditions.

[0027] The simulation algorithm module calculates the mass of hydrogen and oxygen using the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, M t,氢 M represents the mass of hydrogen gas generated at sampling time t. t,氧 m represents the mass of oxygen generated at sampling time t. 氢 The molar mass of hydrogen is represented by m. 氧 This indicates the molar mass of oxygen.

[0030] During the simulation, the power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier is sampled in real time at a predetermined sampling period as an input variable; the efficiency of the alkaline electrolyzer depends on the predetermined equipment and represents the ratio of the chemical energy released by the hydrogen product to the actual electrical energy consumed; the combustion enthalpy of 1 mole of water electrolyzed under standard conditions is 285.85 kJ. Therefore, the mass of water consumed, the mass of hydrogen produced, and the mass of oxygen generated by the alkaline electrolyzer at the sampling time can be calculated according to the above formulas (1)-(3).

[0031] The input variables also include the mass of the emergency effluent and the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the alkaline electrolyzer. The state parameters also include the mass of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer. The simulation algorithm module calculates the mass of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer according to the following formula (4):

[0032] M t,电解液 =M t-1,电解液 +Δt*(M t-1,进入电解液 -M t-1,排出电解液 -M t-1,消耗水 (4)

[0033] Based on the composition of the electrolyte discharged from the alkaline electrolytic cell, it can be known that the mass of the electrolyte discharged from the alkaline electrolytic cell is the sum of the mass of water discharged in an emergency from the alkaline electrolytic cell, the mass of hydrogen generated, and the mass of oxygen, which can be expressed as formula (5):

[0034] M t-1,排出电解液 =M t-1,事故放水 +M t-1,氢 +M t-1,氧 (5)

[0035] Among them, M t,电解液 The mass of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t is represented by Δt, and the sampling period is represented by M. t-1,进入电解液 M represents the mass of electrolyte entering the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t-1. t-1,排出电解液 M represents the mass of electrolyte discharged from the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t-1. t-1,消耗水 M represents the mass of water consumed by the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t-1. t-1,事故放水This indicates the mass of the emergency discharge water from the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t-1.

[0036] In this embodiment, the sampling period Δt is set to 100ms. Before the alkaline electrolytic cell starts working, the electrolyte in the cell must reach the minimum liquid level required for electrolysis. The initial value of the electrolyte mass in the alkaline electrolytic cell can be calculated based on this minimum liquid level. In this embodiment, the initial value of the electrolyte volume in the alkaline electrolytic cell is 525mL. The initial value of the electrolyte mass in the alkaline electrolytic cell can be calculated based on the density of the electrolyte. The mass of electrolyte entering the alkaline electrolytic cell can be calculated based on the electrolyte flow rate and electrolyte density.

[0037] By using the above formulas (4) and (5) to perform cyclic cumulative calculations, the mass of the alkaline electrolytic cell electrolyte at sampling time t can be obtained.

[0038] When there are multiple alkaline electrolytic cells, the total mass of electrolyte in the alkaline electrolytic cells can be obtained by summing the masses of electrolyte in each cell.

[0039] The input variables also include ambient temperature, and the state parameters include electrolytic heat loss, natural heat dissipation of the alkaline electrolytic cell, total heat of the alkaline electrolytic cell, and electrolytic cell temperature. The simulation algorithm module calculates the electrolytic heat loss, natural heat dissipation of the alkaline electrolytic cell, total heat of the alkaline electrolytic cell, and electrolytic cell temperature based on the rectifier power of the alkaline electrolytic cell, the efficiency of the alkaline electrolytic cell, and the ambient temperature.

[0040] The power of the rectifier in the alkaline electrolyzer is equal to the sum of the power consumed in the electrolysis to produce green hydrogen and the heat generated by the alkaline electrolyzer. Therefore, the simulation algorithm module calculates the heat generated by electrolysis loss according to the following formula (6):

[0041] Q t,损 =W t *(1-η t )*C1 (6)

[0042] Among them, Q t,损 C1 represents the electrolytic heat loss at sampling time t, and C1 represents the heating correction coefficient of the alkaline electrolytic cell, which is used to correct the error between the algorithm and the real alkaline electrolytic cell.

[0043] According to the law of entropy increase, heat spontaneously transfers from objects with higher temperatures to objects with lower temperatures. Therefore, the simulation algorithm module calculates the natural heat dissipation according to the following formula (7):

[0044] Q t,散 =(T t,槽 -T 环 )*c 散 (7)

[0045] Among them, Q t,散T represents the natural heat dissipation at sampling time t. t,槽 T represents the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t. 环 c represents the ambient temperature. 散 This represents the natural heat dissipation coefficient of an alkaline electrolytic cell, which is a constant.

[0046] The simulation algorithm module calculates the total heat of the alkaline electrolyzer according to the following formula (8):

[0047] Q t,总 =Q t,发 +Q t,损 -Q t,散 (8)

[0048] Among them, Q t,总 Q represents the total heat of the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t. t,发 This represents the heat output of the alkaline electrolytic cell heater at sampling time t. Under normal conditions, the electrolytic cell heater is not working. Q 发 =0;

[0049] T t,槽 =T 环 +ΔT t-1 (9)

[0050]

[0051] Where C represents the specific heat capacity of the electrolyte, which is taken as 1.93 J / (g·℃) at room temperature.

[0052] At the start of the simulation, the temperature of the alkaline electrolytic cell is equal to the ambient temperature, meaning that the initial natural heat dissipation is zero. Based on formulas (6)-(10), the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature, electrolysis loss heat generation, natural heat dissipation of the alkaline electrolytic cell, and total heat of the alkaline electrolytic cell at sampling time t can be obtained through iterative calculation.

[0053] Enthalpy is an important state parameter in thermodynamics that characterizes the energy of a material system. For a given mass of substance, enthalpy is defined as H = U + PV, where U is the internal energy of the substance, P is the pressure, and V is the volume. The enthalpy per unit mass of a substance is called specific enthalpy, expressed as h = u + pv, with units of kJ / kg.

[0054] In this embodiment, the state parameters also include the enthalpy of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolytic cell. The simulation algorithm module calculates the enthalpy H of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolytic cell according to the following formula (11). t,电解液 :

[0055]

[0056] Among them, H t,电解液 This represents the enthalpy value of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolytic cell at sampling time t.

[0057] In this embodiment, the initial value of the enthalpy of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolytic cell was determined using Hess's Law and standard molar enthalpy of formation data from the thermochemical data handbook. At standard atmospheric pressure, the enthalpy of water at 20°C is 84 KJ / kg.

[0058] Each hydrogen separator and each oxygen separator can be connected to each of multiple alkaline electrolyzers, respectively. For example, each hydrogen separator and each oxygen separator can be connected to four alkaline electrolyzers, respectively. The separators are equipped with a water replenishment system and an alkaline solution circulation system. Input variables also include the water replenishment mass of the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator, and the outlet circulating alkaline solution mass of the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator. Based on the law of conservation of mass, the simulation algorithm module calculates the sum of the gas masses in the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator according to the following formula (12):

[0059]

[0060] Among them, M t,质量和 This represents the sum of the gas masses in the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator. The gases include hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis, as well as trace amounts of water vapor and inert gases. N represents the number of alkaline electrolyzers, and M represents the total mass of the gases. t-1,补水 M represents the water replenishment mass of the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator at sampling time t-1. t-1,循环碱液 This indicates the mass of the circulating alkaline solution at the outlet of the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator at sampling time t-1.

[0061] According to the Clapeyron equation, PV = (m / M)RT, which means P = (m / M)RT / V. Here, P represents the gas pressure, V represents the gas volume, m represents the gas mass, M represents the molar mass of the gas, (m / M) represents the number of moles, R represents the universal gas constant (8.31), and T represents the absolute temperature of the gas. The quantitative relationship between absolute temperature T and Celsius temperature t is T = t + 273.15. The quantitative relationship between absolute pressure PABS, standard atmospheric pressure B, and gauge pressure Pg is PABS = B + Pg, where standard atmospheric pressure = 0.1013 MPa.

[0062] In this embodiment, the state parameters also include hydrogen pressure, oxygen pressure, hydrogen-oxygen separator level deviation, hydrogen separator level, and oxygen separator level. Based on the above principles, the simulation algorithm module calculates the hydrogen pressure according to the following formula (13):

[0063]

[0064] Among them, P t,氢 V represents the hydrogen pressure (absolute pressure) at sampling time t. 氢气分离器 Indicates the volume of the hydrogen separator;

[0065] The simulation algorithm module calculates the oxygen pressure according to the following formula (14):

[0066]

[0067] Among them, P t,氧 V represents the oxygen pressure (absolute pressure) at sampling time t. 氧气分离器 Indicates the volume of the oxygen separator;

[0068] The simulation algorithm module calculates the liquid level deviation of the hydrogen-oxygen separator according to the following formula (15):

[0069] e t =(P t,氢 -P t,氧 )*c 液位 (15)

[0070] Among them, e t C represents the deviation of the hydrogen-oxygen separator level at sampling time t. 液位 Indicates the pressure-level deviation coefficient;

[0071] The simulation algorithm module calculates the hydrogen separator level according to the following formula (16):

[0072]

[0073] The simulation algorithm module calculates the oxygen separator level according to the following formula (17):

[0074]

[0075] Among them, H t,氢 H represents the hydrogen separator liquid level at sampling time t. t,氧 M represents the oxygen separator level at sampling time t. 初始质量和 S represents the gas mass and initial value within the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator. 氢气分离器 S represents the bottom area of ​​the hydrogen separator. 氧气分离器 ρ represents the bottom area of ​​the oxygen separator. 氢 ρ represents the density of the liquid inside the hydrogen separator. 氧 This indicates the density of the liquid inside the oxygen separator.

[0076] The volumes of the hydrogen separator, oxygen separator, bottom area of ​​the hydrogen separator, and bottom area of ​​the oxygen separator can be preset according to the actual equipment used, and these parameter values ​​are received through the variable input module. The mass and initial values ​​can be preset according to the initial state of the system, and their parameter values ​​are received through the variable input module.

[0077] In this embodiment, the simulation algorithm module also calculates the theoretical power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier and determines the working status of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the theoretical power.

[0078] According to thermodynamic studies, the maximum electrical work done by a galvanic cell is equal to the decrease in the change of free energy at the reaction site, that is: -Gm0=nFE0.

[0079] In the formula, Gm0 represents the Gibbs free energy change of the battery reaction under standard conditions, and the unit is J / mol;

[0080] n represents the number of electrons transferred in the reaction;

[0081] F represents the Faraday constant, which is taken as 96500 C / mol;

[0082] E0 represents the standard electromotive force of the reaction under standard conditions, with the unit being V. E0 is also the theoretical decomposition voltage of water.

[0083] In the chemical reaction that produces water, the free energy becomes -474.4 kJ / mol, i.e., -Gm0 = -474.4 kJ / mol.

[0084] 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) = 2H₂O

[0085] The half-reactions at the two electrodes are as follows:

[0086] Anode: O2 + 4H + 4e = 2H2O

[0087] Cathode: 2H₂ = 4H + 4e

[0088] With an electron transfer number n = 4, we get E0 = 1.23V.

[0089] Furthermore, according to Faraday's law: m = kIt = KQ

[0090] In the formula, k represents the mass of the precipitate when a current of 1A is passed through it for 1 hour, and the unit is g / (Ah);

[0091] L represents electric current, and its unit is A;

[0092] t represents the energizing time, in hours (h).

[0093] m represents the mass of the deposited material on the electrode, in grams;

[0094] Q represents the amount of charge passing through the electrolytic cell, measured in Ah;

[0095] The relationship between the unit of electric charge Ah and the Faraday constant F is: F = 96500 / 3600 = 26.8 (Ah).

[0096] According to Faraday's law, 26.8 Ah of charge can produce 0.5 mol of hydrogen gas. Under standard conditions, the volume of 0.5 mol of hydrogen gas is 11.2 L. Therefore, the amount of hydrogen gas produced by 1 Ah of charge in one electrolysis chamber is: 11.2 L / 26.8 (Ah) = 0.418 L (Ah) = 0.000418 m³. 3 .

[0097] The electrical energy consumption W is directly proportional to the voltage U and the charge Q, that is: W = QU.

[0098] According to Faraday's law, under standard conditions, for every 1m produced... 3 The theoretical charge Q0 of hydrogen gas is 26.8 Ah, which can produce 0.5 mol of hydrogen gas.

[0099] Every 1m generated 3 The theoretical charge of hydrogen gas is (26.8 / 11.2)*1000=2393A. From W=QU, the theoretical energy consumption W0 is: W0=Q0E0=2393*1.23=2943W.h.

[0100] Based on the above derivation, the theoretical power is the power consumed to generate 1 cubic meter of green hydrogen per hour, which is 2943 W·h. When the power of the rectifier in the alkaline electrolyzer is less than the theoretical power, it is determined that the alkaline electrolyzer cannot work.

[0101] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A simulation system for an alkaline electrolyzer for photovoltaic electrolysis to produce green hydrogen, characterized in that, include: The variable input module is used to receive input variables and provide the input variables to the simulation algorithm module. The input variables include the power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier and the efficiency of the alkaline electrolyzer. The simulation algorithm module is used to calculate the state parameters of the alkaline electrolyzer in real time based on the input variables, including calculating the mass of water consumed, the mass of hydrogen generated, and the mass of oxygen generated by the alkaline electrolyzer based on the power of the rectifier and the efficiency of the alkaline electrolyzer. The output module is used to output the state parameters, which include the mass of water consumed, the mass of hydrogen generated, and the mass of oxygen generated.

2. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation algorithm module calculates the mass of water consumed by the alkaline electrolyzer according to the following formula: Among them, M t,消耗水 W represents the mass of water consumed by the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t. t η represents the power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier at sampling time t. t The efficiency of the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t is represented by m. 水 H represents the molar mass of a water molecule, and H represents the enthalpy of combustion produced by electrolyzing 1 mole of water under standard conditions. The simulation algorithm module calculates the mass of hydrogen and oxygen according to the following formula: Among them, M t,氢 M represents the mass of hydrogen gas generated at sampling time t. t,氧 m represents the mass of oxygen generated at sampling time t. 氢 The molar mass of hydrogen is represented by m. 氧 This indicates the molar mass of oxygen.

3. The simulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The input variables also include the mass of the discharged water and the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the alkaline electrolyzer. The state parameters also include the mass of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer. The simulation algorithm module calculates the mass of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer according to the following formula: M t,电解液 =M t-1,电解液 +Δt*(M t-1,进入电解液 -M t-1,排出电解液 -M t-1,消耗水 ) Among them, M t-1,排出电解液 =M t-1,事故放水 +M t-1,氢 +M t-1,氧 Among them, M t,电解液 The mass of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t is represented by Δt, and the sampling period is represented by M. t-1,进入电解液 M represents the mass of electrolyte entering the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t-1. t-1,排出电解液 M represents the mass of electrolyte discharged from the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t-1. t-1,消耗水 M represents the mass of water consumed by the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t-1. t-1,事故放水 This indicates the mass of the emergency discharge water from the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t-1.

4. The simulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The input variables also include ambient temperature, and the state parameters also include electrolytic heat loss, natural heat dissipation of the alkaline electrolytic cell, total heat of the alkaline electrolytic cell, and electrolytic cell temperature. The simulation algorithm module calculates the electrolytic heat loss, natural heat dissipation of the alkaline electrolytic cell, total heat of the alkaline electrolytic cell, and electrolytic cell temperature based on the rectifier power, efficiency of the alkaline electrolytic cell, and ambient temperature.

5. The simulation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The simulation algorithm module calculates the electrolysis loss heat generation according to the following formula: Q t,损 =W t *(1-η t )*c1 Among them, Q t,损 c1 represents the heat loss due to electrolysis at sampling time t, and c1 represents the heating correction coefficient of the alkaline electrolytic cell. The simulation algorithm module calculates the natural heat dissipation according to the following formula: Q t,散 =(T t,槽 -T 环 )*c 散 Among them, Q t,散 T represents the natural heat dissipation at sampling time t. t,槽 T represents the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t. 环 c represents the ambient temperature. 散 This indicates the natural heat dissipation coefficient of an alkaline electrolytic cell; The simulation algorithm module calculates the total heat of the alkaline electrolyzer according to the following formula: Q t,总 =Q t,发 +Q t,损 -Q t,散 Among them, Q t,总 Q represents the total heat of the alkaline electrolyzer at sampling time t. t,发 Q represents the heat output of the alkaline electrolytic cell heater at sampling time t. Under normal conditions, Q 发 =0; T t,槽 =T 环 +ΔT t-1 Where C represents the specific heat capacity of the electrolyte.

6. The simulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The state parameters also include the enthalpy of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolytic cell, and the simulation algorithm module calculates the enthalpy H of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolytic cell according to the following formula. t,电解液 : Among them, H t,电解液 This represents the enthalpy value of the electrolyte in the alkaline electrolytic cell at sampling time t.

7. The simulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each hydrogen separator and each oxygen separator are connected to each of the multiple alkaline electrolyzers. The input variables also include the makeup water mass of the hydrogen and oxygen separators and the outlet circulating alkaline solution mass of the hydrogen and oxygen separators. The simulation algorithm module calculates the sum of the generated hydrogen and oxygen masses according to the following formula: Among them, M t,质量和 The sum of the gas masses in the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator is given, where N represents the number of alkaline electrolyzers, and M represents the total mass of the gases. t-1,补水 M represents the water replenishment mass of the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator at sampling time t-1. t-1,循环碱液 This indicates the mass of the circulating alkaline solution at the outlet of the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator at sampling time t-1.

8. The simulation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The state parameters also include hydrogen pressure, oxygen pressure, hydrogen-oxygen separator level deviation, hydrogen separator level, and oxygen separator level. The simulation algorithm module calculates the hydrogen pressure according to the following formula: Among them, P t,氢 V represents the hydrogen pressure at sampling time t. 氢气分离器 Indicates the volume of the hydrogen separator; The simulation algorithm module calculates the oxygen pressure according to the following formula: Among them, P t,氧 V represents the oxygen pressure at sampling time t. 氧气分离器 Indicates the volume of the oxygen separator; The simulation algorithm module calculates the liquid level deviation of the hydrogen-oxygen separator according to the following formula: e t =(P t,氢 -P t,氧 )*c 液位 Among them, e t c represents the deviation of the hydrogen-oxygen separator level at sampling time t. 液位 Indicates the pressure-level deviation coefficient; The simulation algorithm module calculates the liquid level of the hydrogen separator according to the following formula: The simulation algorithm module calculates the oxygen separator liquid level according to the following formula: Among them, H t,氢 H represents the hydrogen separator liquid level at sampling time t. t,氧 M represents the oxygen separator liquid level at sampling time t. 初始质量和 S represents the gas mass and initial value within the hydrogen separator and oxygen separator. 氢气分离器 S represents the bottom area of ​​the hydrogen separator. 氧气分离器 ρ represents the bottom area of ​​the oxygen separator. 氢 ρ represents the density of the liquid inside the hydrogen separator. 氧 This indicates the density of the liquid inside the oxygen separator.

9. The simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation algorithm module also calculates the theoretical power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier and determines the working state of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the theoretical power; the output module outputs the working state.

10. The simulation system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The theoretical power is the power consumed to generate 1 cubic meter of green hydrogen per hour. When the power of the alkaline electrolyzer rectifier is less than the theoretical power, it is determined that the alkaline electrolyzer is not working.

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