Refining separation method and equipment for regenerated copper

Abstract

The invention discloses a secondary copper fine separation method and equipment, and relates to the technical field of recycling of renewable resources, the secondary copper fine separation equipment comprises a rack, a machine shaft is rotatably arranged on the rack, a screening barrel is arranged outside the machine shaft, the screening barrel and the machine shaft are concentrically arranged, the screening barrel sequentially comprises an initial screening section, a middle screening section and a tail screening section, and the initial screening section is connected with the middle screening section. A screening hole assembly is arranged on the screening barrel, partition gaps are formed between the initial screening section and the middle screening section and between the middle screening section and the tail screening section, partition plates are arranged in the partition gaps in a sliding mode, scrubbing brushes are fixedly connected to the partition plates, the screening hole assembly comprises initial screening holes, middle screening holes and tail screening holes, and the inner diameter of the initial screening holes, the inner diameter of the middle screening holes and the inner diameter of the tail screening holes are sequentially increased. According to the refined separation method and equipment for the regenerated copper, the regenerated copper raw material is subjected to pretreatment such as crushing, screening and spraying, and the primary, secondary and refined three-stage separation process is carried out, so that the requirement of high-quality regenerated copper is met, the impurity removal cost of subsequent smelting is reduced, and the large-scale production requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of renewable resource recycling technology, and in particular to a method and equipment for fine sorting of recycled copper. Background Technology

[0002] As the supply and demand imbalance of copper resources intensifies, the recycling rate of recycled copper, as an important secondary resource, is increasing year by year. The raw materials for recycled copper are complex, including waste cables, motor windings, and copper alloy parts, often mixed with impurities such as plastics, rubber, iron, and aluminum. Furthermore, there are many types of copper and its alloys (pure copper, brass, bronze, etc.) with significant differences in composition. Refined sorting is a key step in improving the quality of recycled copper.

[0003] However, existing sorting technologies have many problems, such as imperfect pretreatment processes, single and inefficient sorting methods, and the need to improve efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a refined sorting method and equipment for recycled copper to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and equipment for fine sorting of recycled copper, so as to solve many problems existing in the current sorting technology, such as: imperfect pretreatment process, single and inefficient sorting method, and need to improve efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for fine sorting of recycled copper, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Pretreatment: The recycled copper raw material is crushed and screened, and the surface oil is removed by high-pressure spraying at a water temperature of 50-60℃ for 30-60 seconds.

[0008] S2. Primary sorting: Using an eddy current separator to separate metals from non-metals, with a magnetic field strength of 0.1-0.3T, a drum speed of 300-500r / min, and a material conveying speed of 1-2m / s;

[0009] S3, Secondary Separation: The eddy current concentrate is subjected to color sorting. A hyperspectral camera is used to acquire material images with a spectral range of 400-1000nm and a resolution of 10nm to identify the surface features of copper and alloys.

[0010] S4. Fine Sorting: The copper material after color sorting undergoes density sorting using a heavy liquid separation tank with a heavy liquid density of 2.5-4.0 g / cm³. 3 Stirring rate 100-200 r / min, different copper alloys are separated according to density differences;

[0011] S5 Intelligent Quality Control: Real-time acquisition of sorted product images via industrial cameras, purity detection based on deep learning models, automatic adjustment of sorting parameters when purity is below 99%, eddy current magnetic field strength deviation ±0.02T, color sorting threshold adjustment ±5%.

[0012] The present invention also discloses a refined sorting equipment for recycled copper, applied to the above-mentioned refined sorting method for recycled copper, and further includes a frame, on which an organic shaft is rotatably mounted, and a screening cylinder is mounted outside the organic shaft. The screening cylinder is concentrically mounted with the organic shaft. The screening cylinder sequentially includes a starting screening section, a middle screening section, and a final screening section. A screen hole assembly is mounted on the screening cylinder. A partition gap is provided between the starting screening section and the middle screening section, and between the middle screening section and the final screening section. A partition plate is slidably mounted inside the partition gap, and a brush plate is fixedly connected to the partition plate.

[0013] Preferably, the sieve assembly includes a starting sieve hole, a middle sieve hole, and a final sieve hole, with the inner diameters of the starting sieve hole, middle sieve hole, and final sieve hole increasing sequentially. The starting sieve hole is opened on the starting sieve section, the middle sieve hole is opened on the middle sieve section, and the final sieve hole is opened on the final sieve section. Multiple starting sieve holes, middle sieve holes, and final sieve holes are provided.

[0014] Preferably, a discharge box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame, one side of the discharge box is open, and the bottom of the discharge box is inclined.

[0015] Preferably, the discharge box is provided with a sliding channel for the partitions to slide, and the two partitions divide the interior of the discharge box into three discharge chambers.

[0016] Preferably, a support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition, and a horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support plate. An electric push rod is provided between the horizontal plate and the discharge box. The fixed end of the electric push rod is fixed to the bottom end of the discharge box, and the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting assembly is provided between the machine shaft and the screening cylinder. The connecting assembly includes a sleeve and connecting rods. Multiple connecting rods are provided. The sleeve is fixedly connected to the machine shaft. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the sleeve, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening cylinder. The multiple connecting rods are evenly distributed around the sleeve.

[0018] Preferably, support columns are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the frame.

[0019] Preferably, the frame is provided with a drive assembly for rotating the machine shaft. The drive assembly includes a first gear, a second gear, a chain, and a motor. The motor is fixedly connected to the frame, the second gear is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the motor, and the first gear is fixedly connected to the machine shaft. The first gear and the second gear are connected by chain drive.

[0020] Preferably, a feed hopper is fixedly connected to one end of the frame, and the feed hopper is connected to the initial screening section; a discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the other end of the frame, and the discharge hopper is connected to the final screening section.

[0021] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention pre-treats recycled copper raw materials by crushing, screening, and spraying, and then performs a three-stage sorting process of primary, secondary, and fine separation to meet the requirements of high-quality recycled copper, reduce the cost of impurity removal in subsequent smelting, and meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0023] 2. By setting up partition gaps, baffles and other structures, the initial screening section and the middle screening section, as well as the middle screening section and the final screening section, can be separated to ensure sufficient screening in each section and improve the efficiency of the recycled copper fine sorting equipment.

[0024] 3. Control the retraction of the two electric push rods so that the brush bristles fit against the initial sieve hole, the middle sieve hole and the final sieve hole. When the screening cylinder rotates, it can push out the blockage particles in the hole in the opposite direction, achieving the effect of automatic cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the refined sorting method for recycled copper according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the refined sorting equipment for recycled copper of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the refined sorting equipment for recycled copper of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a third-view structural diagram of the refined sorting equipment for recycled copper of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the initial sieve section, the middle sieve section, and the final sieve section of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the partition and brush structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Shaft; 3. Screening cylinder; 301. Initial screening section; 302. Middle screening section; 303. Final screening section; 4. Initial screening hole; 5. Middle screening hole; 6. Final screening hole; 7. Partition gap; 8. Discharge box; 9. Sliding channel; 10. Partition plate; 11. Brush; 12. Support plate; 13. Horizontal plate; 14. Electric push rod; 15. Feed hopper; 16. Discharge hopper; 17. Discharge chamber; 18. Support column; 19. First gear; 20. Second gear; 21. Chain; 22. Motor; 23. Circular sleeve; 24. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0034] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 8 The method for fine sorting of recycled copper shown includes the following steps:

[0035] S1. Pretreatment: The recycled copper raw material is crushed and screened, and the surface oil is removed by high-pressure spraying at a water temperature of 50-60℃ for 30-60 seconds.

[0036] S2. Primary sorting: Using an eddy current separator to separate metals from non-metals, with a magnetic field strength of 0.1-0.3T, a drum speed of 300-500r / min, and a material conveying speed of 1-2m / s;

[0037] S3, Secondary Separation: The eddy current concentrate is subjected to color sorting. A hyperspectral camera is used to acquire material images with a spectral range of 400-1000nm and a resolution of 10nm to identify the surface features of copper and alloys.

[0038] Metal / non-metal separation is achieved through an adjustable magnetic field of 0.1-0.3T, with a drum rotation speed of 300-500 r / min matched with a conveying speed of 1-2 m / s, achieving a metal capture rate of ≥98% while removing non-metallic impurities such as plastics and rubber. The secondary sorting stage incorporates hyperspectral color sorting technology. A hyperspectral camera acquires material images in the 400-1000nm spectral range (10nm resolution), and a ResNet-50 deep learning model (with ≥10,000 training samples) identifies the surface features of copper and alloys. The model inference time is ≤50ms / frame, and the color sorting accuracy is ≥97%, effectively distinguishing copper from non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and zinc.

[0039] S4. Fine Sorting: The copper material after color sorting undergoes density sorting using a heavy liquid separation tank with a heavy liquid density of 2.5-4.0 g / cm³. 3 Stirring rate 100-200 r / min, different copper alloys are separated according to density differences;

[0040] Fine separation is achieved through density grading using a heavy liquid separation tank, with the density of the heavy liquid adjusted to 2.5-4.0 g / cm³ using a ZnCl₂ solution. 3 Pure copper (8.9-9.0 g / cm³) was separated based on density differences.3 Brass (8.4-8.7 g / cm³) and bronze (7.5-8.3 g / cm³) 3 Stir at 25-35℃ (100-200 r / min) for 1-2 min; density deviation of the same grade ≤ 0.2 g / cm³. 3 This ensures a sorting accuracy rate of ≥96%. The intelligent quality control process uses an industrial camera to monitor product purity in real time. When the purity is below 99%, the PLC controller automatically adjusts parameters such as eddy current magnetic field strength (±0.02T) and color sorting threshold (±5%) to form a closed-loop control.

[0041] S5 Intelligent Quality Control: Real-time acquisition of sorted product images via industrial cameras, purity detection based on deep learning models, automatic adjustment of sorting parameters when purity is below 99%, eddy current magnetic field strength deviation ±0.02T, color sorting threshold adjustment ±5%.

[0042] This invention pre-treats recycled copper raw materials through crushing, screening, and spraying, and then performs a three-stage sorting process of primary, secondary, and fine separation to meet the requirements of high-quality recycled copper, reduce the cost of impurity removal in subsequent smelting, and meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0043] The present invention also discloses a refined sorting equipment for recycled copper, which is applied to the above-mentioned refined sorting method for recycled copper. It also includes a frame 1, with support columns 18 fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom of the frame 1. A shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and a screening cylinder 3 is mounted on the outside of the shaft 2. The screening cylinder 3 is concentrically arranged with the shaft 2. The screening cylinder 3 includes a starting screening section 301, a middle screening section 302, and a final screening section 303 in sequence. The screening cylinder 3 is inclined, and the end near the final screening section 303 is inclined downward, so that the raw material can roll towards the final screening section 303.

[0044] A connecting assembly is provided between the machine shaft 2 and the screening cylinder 3. Multiple connecting assemblies are provided, with at least one assembly between the initial screening section 301 and the machine shaft 2, the middle screening section 302 and the machine shaft 2, and the final screening section 303 and the machine shaft 2. Each connecting assembly includes a circular sleeve 23 and multiple connecting rods 24. The circular sleeve 23 is fixedly connected to the machine shaft 2. One end of each connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected to the circular sleeve 23, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening cylinder 3. The multiple connecting rods 24 are evenly distributed around the circular sleeve 23. This connecting assembly fixes the position of the screening cylinder 3, allowing the screening cylinder 3 and the machine shaft 2 to rotate synchronously.

[0045] The screening cylinder 3 is equipped with a screen hole assembly, which includes a starting screen hole 4, a middle screen hole 5, and a final screen hole 6. The inner diameters of the starting screen hole 4, the middle screen hole 5, and the final screen hole 6 increase sequentially. The starting screen hole 4 is located on the starting screening section 301, the middle screen hole 5 is located on the middle screening section 302, and the final screen hole 6 is located on the final screening section 303. Multiple starting screen holes 4, middle screen holes 5, and final screen holes 6 are provided. A feed hopper 15 is fixedly connected to one end of the frame 1, and the feed hopper 15 is connected to the starting screening section 301. A discharge hopper 16 is fixedly connected to the other end of the frame 1, and the discharge hopper 16 is connected to the final screening section 303.

[0046] The screening direction is as follows: the material is fed from the feed hopper 15, that is, from the end of the initial screen section 301 away from the middle screen section 302, and passes through the initial screen section 301, the middle screen section 302 and the final screen section 303 in sequence.

[0047] Among them, at the initial screening section 301, the initial screening hole 4 is used to screen out excessively fine dust, etc., to separate the excessively fine dust in advance, reduce water consumption and mechanical wear in the spraying and sorting process, and the initial screening hole 4 is equipped with a suction pump to promptly suck up the screened dust.

[0048] Particles meeting the requirements are screened out at the 302-meter section of the medium sieve using the 5-hole medium sieve.

[0049] Larger particles are screened out at the final screening section 303 using the final screening hole 6, and can then be quickly crushed again to meet the requirements.

[0050] Large particles are fed from the end of screen section 303 away from the middle screen section 302 (discharge hopper 16) and are subsequently crushed multiple times.

[0051] A drive assembly for rotating the machine shaft 2 is mounted on the frame 1. The drive assembly includes a first gear 19, a second gear 20, a chain 21, and a motor 22. The motor 22 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, the second gear 20 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the motor 22, and the first gear 19 is fixedly connected to the machine shaft 2. The first gear 19 and the second gear 20 are connected via the chain 21. The motor 22 is connected to the factory's power supply. The motor 22 drives the second gear 20 to rotate. Because the first gear 19 and the second gear 20 are connected via the chain 21, the first gear 19 drives the machine shaft 2 to rotate. With the cooperation of the connecting assembly, the screening cylinder 3 rotates, and the raw material rolls inside the screening cylinder 3 and slides towards the final screening section 303, achieving the screening effect.

[0052] Considering that the raw material slides at a high speed in the screening cylinder 3, making it difficult to achieve efficient screening, in order to reduce the speed and achieve a thorough screening effect, partition gaps 7 are provided between the initial screening section 301 and the middle screening section 302, and between the middle screening section 302 and the final screening section 303. The width of the partition gap 7 is consistent with the inner diameter of the initial screening hole 4, so that the particles will not pass through the partition gap 7. A partition plate 10 is slidably provided at the bottom of the partition gap 7.

[0053] The bottom of the frame 1 is fixedly connected to the discharge box 8. One side of the discharge box 8 is open, and the bottom of the discharge box 8 is inclined. It is inclined downward near the opening to facilitate the sliding of the sorted raw materials. In actual use, multiple raw materials are placed next to the frame 1 to collect the sorted materials.

[0054] The discharge box 8 is provided with a sliding channel 9 for the partition 10 to slide. The two partitions 10 divide the interior of the discharge box 8 into three discharge chambers 17, so that the raw materials classified by the initial screening section 301, the middle screening section 302 and the final screening section 303 slide out from the corresponding discharge chambers 17 respectively.

[0055] A support plate 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition 10, and a horizontal plate 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support plate 12. An electric push rod 14 is provided between the horizontal plate 13 and the discharge box 8. The fixed end of the electric push rod 14 is fixed to the bottom end of the discharge box 8, and the horizontal plate 13 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod 14. The electric push rod 14 is connected to the factory's power supply, and the electric push rod 14 drives the horizontal plate 13, the support plate 12, and the partition 10 to move up and down.

[0056] Before screening, the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 14 are retracted, causing the horizontal plate 13, support plate 12, and partition plate 10 to move upward, thus completing the bottom separation between the initial screening section 301 and the middle screening section 302, and between the middle screening section 302 and the final screening section 303. The operator feeds the material through the feed hopper 15. The raw material first enters the interior of the initial screening section 301, and the motor 22 is started. The motor 22 drives the second gear 20 to rotate. Since the first gear 19 and the second gear 20 are connected by the chain 21, the first gear 19 drives the machine shaft 2 to rotate. With the cooperation of the connecting components, the screening cylinder 3 rotates. Since the bottom position between the initial screening section 301 and the middle screening section 302 has been separated, it cannot roll into the middle screening section 302. The raw material is fully screened in the initial screening section 301.

[0057] Furthermore, the height of the raw material pile is lower than the top of the partition 10, so the partition 10 can stably separate the materials.

[0058] After a certain period of time, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 14 between the initial screen section 301 and the middle screen section 302 extends, driving the corresponding horizontal plate 13, support plate 12, and partition plate 10 to move downward and be pulled out from the partition gap 7, so that the bottom ends of the initial screen section 301 and the middle screen section 302 are connected, and the remaining raw materials enter the middle screen section 302. The bottom end of the middle screen section 302 and the final screen section 303 are separated, and the raw materials are fully screened in the middle screen section 302.

[0059] After a certain period of time, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 14 between the middle screen section 302 and the end screen section 303 extends, driving the corresponding horizontal plate 13, support plate 12, and partition plate 10 to move downward and be pulled out from the partition gap 7, so that the bottom position between the middle screen section 302 and the end screen section 303 is connected. The remaining raw material enters the end screen section 303. Since there is very little raw material left at this time, it can be screened quickly. Alternatively, a partition plate 10 or other structures can be set at the end of the end screen section 303 away from the middle screen section 302, depending on the specific application.

[0060] By setting up structures such as partition gap 7 and partition plate 10, the initial screening section 301 and the middle screening section 302, and the middle screening section 302 and the final screening section 303 can be separated to ensure sufficient screening in each segment and improve the efficiency of the recycled copper fine sorting equipment.

[0061] Considering that particles are easily clogged in the initial sieve hole 4, the middle sieve hole 5 and the final sieve hole 6, a brush 11 is fixedly connected to the partition plate 10 to treat the clogged particles. The top of the brush 11 is provided with bristles (not shown in the figure). The brush 11 is located below the screening cylinder 3, and the ends of the two brushes 11 that are close to each other are in contact with each other.

[0062] During the screening stage, the brush 11 does not come into contact with the screening cylinder 3, and does not affect the screening.

[0063] After screening, the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 14 are retracted, which drives the horizontal plate 13, support plate 12, and partition plate 10 to move upward, so that the bristles of the brush 11 are attached to the initial screen hole 4, the middle screen hole 5, and the final screen hole 6. When the screening cylinder 3 rotates, the blockage particles in the holes can be pushed out in the opposite direction, achieving the effect of automatic cleaning.

[0064] In actual production, the refined sorting method for recycled copper also includes the following embodiments:

[0065] Example 1

[0066] For processing recycled copper raw materials from waste cables, the pretreatment stage includes: jaw crushing to ≤100mm, impact crushing to 5-50mm, with an over-crushing rate of 4%. A double-layer vibrating screen with an upper layer of 50mm and a lower layer of 5mm achieves a screening efficiency of 96%. High-pressure spraying at 55℃ (0.4MPa) for 45s removes 92% of oil. Primary eddy current separation: magnetic field strength 0.2T, drum speed 400r / min, conveying speed 1.5m / s, metal capture rate 98.5%. Secondary hyperspectral color sorting: spectrum 400-1000nm, recognition accuracy 98.2%, removing aluminum and zinc impurities. Fine density sorting: heavy liquid density 2.8g / cm³. 3 The mixture was stirred at 150 rpm at 25°C for 1.5 minutes, and the final copper purity was 99.6%, with a recovery rate of 98.3% and a processing capacity of 2 t / h.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] Recycled copper material with 15% impurities was sorted, pre-treated and crushed to 5-40mm, with a vibrating screen amplitude of 8mm and a frequency of 25Hz, achieving a screening efficiency of 95%. A 60℃ spray (0.5MPa) treatment for 60s resulted in a 93% oil removal rate. Eddy current separation, with a magnetic field of 0.25T, a rotation speed of 500r / min, and a conveying speed of 2m / s, achieved a metal capture rate of 98%. The color sorter had a spectral resolution of 10nm, a model inference time of 45ms / frame, and an accuracy of 98.5% in identifying brass and pure copper. The density of the heavy liquid was 3.0g / cm³. 3 Stirring at 30℃ and 200r / min, the purity of pure copper after separation is 99.7%, the purity of brass is 99.2%, the recovery rate is 98.1%, and the processing capacity is 1.8t / h.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] This process treats recycled copper waste containing mixed plastics. Pre-treatment involves crushing the material to 10-50mm, with an over-crushing rate of 5%. A 50℃ spray (0.3MPa) treatment for 30 seconds removes 90% of the oil. Eddy current separation with a 0.15T magnetic field, a rotation speed of 300r / min, and a conveyor speed of 1m / s achieves a metal capture rate of 98.2%. Color sorting identifies 99% of plastic impurities, with an accuracy of 97.8% in the spectral range of 400-800nm. The heavy liquid density is 2.5g / cm³. 3 The process involves grading, stirring at 100 rpm at 35°C, and a separation time of 1 minute. The copper purity is 99.5%, the recovery rate is 98%, the processing capacity is 2.2 t / h, and energy consumption is reduced by 18% compared to traditional methods.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] Sorting of mixed copper alloy waste (pure copper, brass, bronze): Pre-treatment crushing to 5-30mm, screening efficiency 97%. 55℃ spraying for 40s, oil removal rate 91%. Eddy current magnetic field 0.3T, rotation speed 450r / min, metal capture rate 99%. Hyperspectral color sorting distinguishes the three alloys with 98% accuracy, inference time 50ms / frame. Heavy liquid is separated into three grades: pure copper (density 8.9g / cm³). 3 ), brass (8.5g / cm) 3 ), bronze (7.8g / cm³) 3 Density deviation of 0.15 g / cm³ (for the same grade) 3 The final purity of pure copper is 99.8%, brass is 99.3%, bronze is 99.1%, the total recovery rate is 98.5%, and the processing capacity is 1.9 t / h.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] Low-grade recycled copper material (70% copper content) sorting: pre-treatment crushing to 10-50mm; vibrating screen frequency 20Hz, amplitude 10mm, screening efficiency 95%. 55℃ spraying for 50s achieves 92% oil removal rate. Eddy current magnetic field 0.2T, rotation speed 400r / min, conveying speed 1.5m / s, metal capture rate 97.8%. Color sorter achieves 97.5% accuracy in removing non-metallic impurities, with recognition rate improved to 98% across the entire spectral range. Heavy liquid density 3.2g / cm³. 3 Stirring at 25℃ and 150r / min, the copper purity after separation is 99.5%, the recovery rate is 97.9%, the processing capacity is 2t / h, and the energy consumption of subsequent smelting is reduced by 19%.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] For processing recycled copper material containing aluminum impurities, pretreatment involves crushing to 5-45mm with an over-crushing rate of 3%. High-pressure spraying at 60℃ (0.45MPa) for 50s achieves a 94% oil removal rate. Eddy current separation with a magnetic field of 0.22T, a rotation speed of 450r / min, and a conveying speed of 1.8m / s achieves a metal capture rate of 98.3%. Color sorting focuses on identifying aluminum (characteristic peak at 500nm in the spectrum), achieving a rejection rate of 98.5% and an accuracy of 98.3%. The density of the heavy liquid is 2.7g / cm³.

[0077] Example 6

[0078] For processing recycled copper material containing aluminum impurities, a two-stage crushing process is employed in the pretreatment stage: a first-stage jaw crusher breaks the raw material to ≤100mm, and a second-stage impact crusher controls the output particle size to 5-45mm, with a particle shape coefficient of 0.75 and an over-crushing rate of 3%. Continuous 60℃ hot water spraying for 50 seconds, combined with a rotating nozzle, achieves 360° cleaning, resulting in a 94% oil removal rate. The primary eddy current separation stage uses a magnetic field strength of 0.22T, a drum speed of 450r / min, and a material conveying speed of 1.8m / s, achieving a metal capture rate of 98.3% and initially separating aluminum from copper. The secondary hyperspectral color sorting stage targets the 500nm characteristic spectral peak of aluminum, using a full-spectrum scan of 400-1000nm with a resolution of 10nm. The model achieves a 98.5% accuracy rate in identifying aluminum impurities and a 98.2% rejection rate. Fine density separation uses ZnCl2 heavy liquid, with the density adjusted to 2.7g / cm³. 3 The mixture was stirred at a constant temperature of 30℃ and a speed of 180 r / min for 1.2 min, effectively separating copper with density differences from residual light metals. An intelligent quality control system monitored the process in real time; when the purity of a localized area dropped to 98.8%, the eddy current magnetic field strength was automatically increased by 0.01T, raising the color sorting threshold by 3%. The final copper purity was 99.6%, the aluminum content was ≤0.03%, the metal recovery rate was 98.2%, and the equipment capacity was 1.9 t / h. Compared to traditional processes, the aluminum removal rate was increased by 25%, and subsequent smelting energy consumption was reduced by 17%.

[0079] Example 7

[0080] For processing recycled copper material containing a large amount of iron impurities, pretreatment involves crushing to 8-50mm, with an over-crushing rate of 4%. A vibrating screen with an amplitude of 5mm and a frequency of 30Hz achieves a screening efficiency of 96%. Spraying at 55℃ (0.4MPa) for 40s removes 92% of the oil. Magnetic separation is added before eddy current separation to remove iron; the magnetic field strength is 0.3T, achieving a 99.5% iron impurity removal rate. Eddy current separation uses a magnetic field of 0.2T and a rotation speed of 400r / min, achieving a metal capture rate of 98.4%. Color sorting identifies and removes 98% of remaining iron impurities, with a heavy liquid density of 2.9g / cm³. 3 Stirring at 30℃ and 150 r / min. The final copper purity is 99.6%, iron content is ≤0.05%, recovery rate is 98.2%, and processing capacity is 2.1 t / h.

[0081] Example 8

[0082] Fine-grained recycled copper scrap (5-20mm) is sorted, with pretreatment involving two-stage crushing to control over-crushing rate to 3%. A 50℃ spray (0.35MPa) treatment for 35 seconds removes 91% of the oil. Eddy current sorting uses a 0.25T magnetic field, a rotation speed of 450r / min, and a conveying speed of 1.2m / s, achieving a metal capture rate of 98.1%. The color sorter employs a magnifying lens, achieving a fine-particle identification accuracy of 97.9% and a spectral resolution of 10nm. The heavy liquid density is 2.6g / cm³. 3 Stirring at 25℃ and 180 r / min for 2 min. Copper purity 99.5%, fine particle recovery rate 97.8%, processing capacity 1.7 t / h, avoiding loss of fine materials.

[0083] Example 9

[0084] High-oil-contaminated recycled copper material treatment (oil content 10%): Pre-treatment crushing to 10-40mm, over-crushing rate 5%. 60℃ hot water spray (0.5MPa) for 60s, combined with ultrasonic cleaning (500W power), achieves 95% oil removal rate. Eddy current separation with a 0.3T magnetic field, 500r / min rotation speed, and 1.8m / s conveying speed achieves a 98.3% metal capture rate. The color sorter lens features an anti-oil-contamination design, ensuring a 98.1% identification accuracy. Heavy liquid density 3.1g / cm³. 3 Stirring at 35℃ and 200 r / min. Copper purity 99.7%, improved surface cleanliness, 35% reduction in subsequent smelting dust, 98% recovery rate, and processing capacity 1.9 t / h.

[0085] Example 10

[0086] Sorting of complex mixed copper alloy waste, including pure copper, brass, tin bronze, and aluminum bronze. Pre-treatment involves crushing to 15-50mm, achieving a 95% screening efficiency. A 55℃ spray (0.4MPa) treatment for 45 seconds removes 92% of the oil. Eddy current separation uses a 0.18T magnetic field and a rotation speed of 350r / min, achieving a 98.2% metal capture rate. Hyperspectral colorimetric sorting distinguishes four alloy types with 97.5% accuracy and a model inference time of 48ms / frame. The heavy liquid is classified into four density levels: 8.9g / cm³. 3 8.5g / cm 3 8.0g / cm 3 7.6g / cm 3 The deviation within the same grade is ≤0.15g / cm. 3 After sorting, the purity of all alloys is ≥99%, the total recovery rate is 97.9%, and the processing capacity is 1.8t / h, providing high-quality raw materials for subsequent classification and smelting.

[0087] Example 11

[0088] Eddy current low magnetic field strength test (0.08T, below the standard) was conducted on aluminum-containing copper materials. Pretreatment involved crushing the material to 10-50mm, and the oil removal rate by spraying was 91%. The metal capture rate of eddy current separation decreased to 95%, and the separation of aluminum and copper was incomplete; the copper purity before color sorting was only 90%. Subsequent color sorting and density sorting could not fully compensate for this, resulting in a final copper purity of 98.5% and a recovery rate of 96%, which is 2% lower than the standard magnetic field, validating the necessity of the 0.1T magnetic field lower limit.

[0089] Example 12

[0090] Eddy current high magnetic field strength test (0.35T, higher than the standard) was conducted to sort copper-plastic mixtures. The metal capture rate was 98.5%, but the amount of plastic impurities entrained by the magnetic field increased to 3%, increasing the burden on color sorting and reducing the rejection rate to 95%. The final copper purity was 99.2%, which met the purity standard, but energy consumption increased by 15%, and the equipment overheated significantly, verifying the rationality of the 0.3T magnetic field upper limit.

[0091] Example 13

[0092] Color sorting in the low spectral range (400-700nm, below the standard) was used to distinguish between brass and bronze. Due to the lack of near-infrared characteristics, the identification accuracy dropped to 90%, and the false judgment rate reached 8%. After sorting, the purity of brass was 98.5%, and the purity of bronze was 98.2%, which is about 1.5% lower than the full spectral range, proving the necessity of the 1000nm spectral upper limit.

[0093] Example 14

[0094] Heavy liquid low density test (2.3 g / cm³) 3 (Below standard), copper alloy sorting. Density grading is ambiguous, with pure copper and brass mixed in at a rate of 5%, and density deviation within the same grade is 0.3 g / cm³.3 The final purity of pure copper was 98.8%, and the recovery rate was 97.5%, which was 1.2% lower than that of standard density sorting, with a verified purity of 2.5 g / cm³. 3 The necessity of the lower limit.

[0095] Example 15

[0096] Pretreatment under low spray pressure (0.2 MPa, below standard) reduced oil removal rate to 75%. Residual oil contaminated the color sorting lens, reducing recognition accuracy to 95%. Oil contamination on the eddy current sorting drum caused metal capture rate fluctuations of ±2%. The final copper purity was 99%, with a recovery rate of 97.2%. Subsequent smelting dust increased by 25%, validating the necessity of the 0.3 MPa pressure lower limit.

[0097] Example 16

[0098] Low-frequency tests (15Hz, below standard) were conducted on the vibrating screen for sieving materials of 5-50mm. The sieving efficiency dropped to 88%, and the contamination rate of excessive particles reached 8%, causing material jamming during eddy current separation, and the metal capture rate dropped to 97%. Color sorting struggled to handle large impurities, achieving a rejection rate of 96%, with a final copper purity of 99.2%. The throughput decreased to 1.5t / h, demonstrating the necessity of the 20Hz lower frequency limit.

[0099] Example 17

[0100] Without intelligent quality control testing, the raw material composition fluctuated by ±15%. The sorting parameters were not adjusted in time, and the unchanged eddy current magnetic field caused the metal capture rate to drop to 96%. The fixed color sorting threshold increased the false judgment rate to 7%. Ultimately, the copper purity fluctuated between 98.5% and 99.3%, with an average purity of 98.9% and a recovery rate of 97%, which is 1% lower than with intelligent control, highlighting the importance of closed-loop control.

[0101] Example 18

[0102] A high conveying speed test (2.5 m / s, exceeding the standard) increased the throughput to 2.5 t / h. However, insufficient eddy current separation time resulted in a metal capture rate of 97.5%, blurred imaging in the color sorter, and a recognition accuracy of 96.8%. Insufficient heavy liquid separation time led to a density grading deviation of 0.25 g / cm³. 3 The final copper purity was 99.1%, and the recovery rate was 97.3%. Efficiency was improved, but quality decreased, validating the rationality of the 2m / s upper limit.

[0103] Example 19

[0104] In the intelligent quality control response test, the copper content of the raw material suddenly dropped by 10%. After the system detected that the purity was below 99%, it automatically increased the eddy current magnetic field strength by 0.02T and raised the color sorting threshold by 5%, adjusting the parameters within 30 seconds. After adjustment, the metal capture rate rebounded to 98.2%, the color sorting rejection rate was 98.5%, and the final copper purity stabilized at 99.2%, with a recovery rate of 97.8%, proving the effectiveness of intelligent control.

[0105] Example 20

[0106] A full-process stability verification test was conducted, with continuous operation for 100 hours processing mixed recycled copper materials. Pretreatment screening efficiency remained stable at 95%-96%, and oil removal rate was 91%-93%. The eddy current magnetic field was dynamically adjusted from 0.2-0.25T, achieving a metal capture rate ≥98%. Color sorting accuracy was ≥98%, and heavy liquid density grading deviation was ≤0.2g / cm³. 3 The final copper purity stabilized at 99.5% ± 0.1%, the recovery rate was 98% ± 0.2%, the processing capacity was 2t / h ± 0.1t, and the system operated without failure, verifying its long-term stability.

Claims

1. A method for fine sorting of recycled copper, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Pretreatment: The recycled copper raw material is crushed and screened, and the surface oil is removed by high-pressure spraying at a water temperature of 50-60℃ for 30-60 seconds. S2. Primary sorting: Using an eddy current separator to separate metals from non-metals, with a magnetic field strength of 0.1-0.3T, a drum speed of 300-500r / min, and a material conveying speed of 1-2m / s; S3, Secondary sorting: The eddy current concentrate is subjected to color sorting. A hyperspectral camera is used to acquire material images with a spectral range of 400-1000nm and a resolution of 10nm to identify the surface features of copper and alloys. S4. Fine Sorting: The copper material after color sorting undergoes density sorting using a heavy liquid separation tank with a heavy liquid density of 2.5-4.0 g / cm³. 3 Stirring rate 100-200 r / min, different copper alloys are separated according to density differences; S5 Intelligent Quality Control: Real-time acquisition of sorted product images via industrial cameras, purity detection based on deep learning models, automatic adjustment of sorting parameters when purity is below 99%, eddy current magnetic field strength deviation ±0.02T, color sorting threshold adjustment ±5%.

2. The refined sorting equipment for recycled copper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for fine sorting of recycled copper as described in claim 1 further includes a frame (1), on which an organic shaft (2) is rotatably mounted. A screening cylinder (3) is mounted outside the organic shaft (2), and the screening cylinder (3) is concentrically mounted with the organic shaft (2). The screening cylinder (3) sequentially includes a starting screening section (301), a middle screening section (302), and a final screening section (303). A screen hole assembly is mounted on the screening cylinder (3). A partition gap (7) is provided between the starting screening section (301) and the middle screening section (302), and between the middle screening section (302) and the final screening section (303). A partition plate (10) is slidably mounted inside the partition gap (7), and a brush plate (11) is fixedly connected to the partition plate (10).

3. The refined sorting equipment for recycled copper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sieve assembly includes a starting sieve hole (4), a middle sieve hole (5), and a final sieve hole (6). The inner diameters of the starting sieve hole (4), the middle sieve hole (5), and the final sieve hole (6) increase sequentially. The starting sieve hole (4) is located on the starting sieve section (301), the middle sieve hole (5) is located on the middle sieve section (302), and the final sieve hole (6) is located on the final sieve section (303). Multiple starting sieve holes (4), middle sieve holes (5), and final sieve holes (6) are provided.

4. The refined sorting equipment for recycled copper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the frame (1) is fixedly connected to a discharge box (8), which has an opening on one side and is inclined at the bottom.

5. The refined sorting equipment for recycled copper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge box (8) is provided with a sliding channel (9) for the partition (10) to slide. The two partitions (10) divide the interior of the discharge box (8) into three discharge chambers (17).

6. The refined sorting equipment for recycled copper according to claim 4, characterized in that: A support plate (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the partition (10), and a horizontal plate (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support plate (12). An electric push rod (14) is provided between the horizontal plate (13) and the discharge box (8). The fixed end of the electric push rod (14) is fixed to the bottom end of the discharge box (8), and the horizontal plate (13) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod (14).

7. The refined sorting equipment for recycled copper according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting assembly is provided between the machine shaft (2) and the screening cylinder (3). The connecting assembly includes a circular sleeve (23) and a connecting rod (24). Multiple connecting rods (24) are provided. The circular sleeve (23) is fixedly connected to the machine shaft (2). One end of the connecting rod (24) is fixedly connected to the circular sleeve (23), and the other end of the connecting rod (24) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening cylinder (3). Multiple connecting rods (24) are evenly distributed around the circular sleeve (23).

8. The refined sorting equipment for recycled copper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame (1) is fixedly connected to four corners at the bottom of each of the four corners with support columns (18).

9. The refined sorting equipment for recycled copper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a drive assembly that drives the shaft (2) to rotate. The drive assembly includes a first gear (19), a second gear (20), a chain (21), and a motor (22). The motor (22) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), the second gear (20) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the motor (22), and the first gear (19) is fixedly connected to the shaft (2). The first gear (19) and the second gear (20) are connected by the chain (21).

10. The refined sorting equipment for recycled copper according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the frame (1) is fixedly connected to a feed hopper (15), which is connected to the initial screening section (301). The other end of the frame (1) is fixedly connected to a discharge hopper (16), which is connected to the final screening section (303).

Images