Flat extrusion die and production method for ultra-wide flat aluminum profile

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical equipment, and particularly relates to an ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die and a production method.The ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die comprises a flat extrusion container lining, a rectangular hole part is formed in the flat extrusion container lining, and a buffer structure is arranged at the rectangular hole part; the outer side of the flat extrusion container lining is sleeved with the multi-layer prestress assembly, and the multi-layer prestress assembly is used for supporting the flat extrusion container lining; and the broadening mold is fixedly mounted at the outlet end of the flat extrusion container lining. The extrusion force in the extrusion process can be reduced by about 30%, so that a wider flat extrusion cylinder is used on an extruder with the same tonnage, the ultra-wide flat aluminum profile can be extruded by equipment with the same tonnage, the ultra-wide flat aluminum profile can be extruded and formed at a time, the energy consumption is reduced, meanwhile, the stress concentration value of the flat extrusion cylinder can be effectively reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The bearing capacity and the anti-fatigue performance are improved, the service life is prolonged, and the stability and continuity of the production process are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metallurgical equipment technology, and in particular relates to ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion mold and production method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's aerospace, shipbuilding, and high-speed rail industries, the demand for ultra-wide thin-walled aluminum alloy flat profiles is constantly increasing. In order to improve the forming quality and efficiency of ultra-wide thin-walled flat profiles, it is necessary to improve the production methods and equipment for ultra-wide thin-walled flat profiles.

[0003] Currently, ultra-wide aluminum profiles are often produced by rolling medium-thick plates and machining. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also results in metal flow line breakage due to machining, making the mechanical properties inferior to those of directly extruded aluminum profiles. To improve the performance and efficiency of ultra-wide aluminum profiles, a method of extrusion by cylindrical extrusion followed by slitting and flattening is also used. However, this method requires equipment for slitting, flattening, and straightening after extrusion, and the yield rate cannot be effectively guaranteed in this complex production process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a flat extrusion die and production method for ultra-wide flat aluminum profiles.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die, including a flat extrusion cylinder liner, wherein a rectangular hole is provided inside the flat extrusion cylinder liner, and a buffer structure is provided at the rectangular hole. A multi-layer prestressed assembly is sleeved on the outside of the flat extrusion cylinder liner, and the multi-layer prestressed assembly is used to support the flat extrusion cylinder liner. A wide-spreading mold is fixedly installed at the outlet end of the flat extrusion cylinder liner.

[0006] Preferably, the buffer structure includes two arc segments disposed inside the flat extrusion cylinder liner, and the two arc segments are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the rectangular hole. Both arc segments are connected to the rectangular hole. A large arc is provided at the intersection of the two arc segments and the rectangular hole, and the arc segments and the rectangular hole are transitioned through the large arc.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-layer prestressed assembly includes a flat extrusion cylinder inner liner sleeved on the outside of the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner, and a flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder sleeved on the outside of the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner.

[0008] Preferably, the outer diameter of the flat extrusion cylinder liner is circular.

[0009] Preferably, the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner and the flat extrusion cylinder middle liner are connected by an interference fit, and the flat extrusion cylinder middle liner and the flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder are connected by an interference fit.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the arc segment is greater than the length of the short side of the rectangular hole.

[0011] Preferably, the wide-expansion mold has a wide-expansion function, and the maximum wide-expansion ratio is 1.4 times.

[0012] The production method of ultra-wide flat aluminum profiles and the use of ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion dies as described above, the production method includes the following steps: S1. Prepare a flat, wide aluminum ingot blank that matches the internal shape of the flat extrusion cylinder liner, and heat-treat it. S2. Place the heated flat aluminum billet into the interior of the flat extrusion cylinder liner, and heat the flat extrusion cylinder liner, the flat extrusion cylinder middle liner and the flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder. S3. Apply extrusion pressure to the flat and wide aluminum billet through the extrusion bar of the extruder, and push the flat and wide aluminum billet forward in the rectangular hole so that it enters the wide die from the outlet end of the flat extrusion cylinder liner. S4. Under the guiding effect of the wide-spreading mold, the flat aluminum billet flows through the wide-spreading area to achieve lateral expansion; S5. The expanded flat aluminum billet enters the sizing zone of the expanded die to complete the shaping and deformation, and finally forms an ultra-wide flat aluminum profile that conforms to the die exit shape.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion dies and production methods are: 1. By combining the flat extrusion cylinder liner, rectangular orifice, and wide-spreading die, a flat, wide aluminum ingot is placed inside the heated flat extrusion cylinder liner. The extrusion pressure generated under external thrust pushes the flat, wide aluminum ingot forward to begin deformation and enter the wide-spreading die. Because the shape of the flat, wide aluminum ingot is closer to that of the final ultra-wide flat aluminum profile, this shape can reduce the extrusion pressure by about 30% compared to a round ingot. This allows for the use of a wider flat extrusion cylinder on an extrusion press of the same tonnage. After the aluminum ingot enters the wide-spreading die, it flows into the wider die under the guidance of the wide-spreading die, ultimately forming an ultra-wide aluminum profile with the same shape as the die orifice. By combining the use of the flat ingot, the flat extrusion cylinder liner, and the wide-spreading die, ultra-wide flat aluminum profiles can be extruded at the same tonnage. This achieves one-time extrusion forming of ultra-wide flat aluminum profiles using a flat extrusion cylinder and a wide-spreading die. The lower extrusion pressure reduces energy consumption, and one-time extrusion forming also improves the performance of ultra-wide flat aluminum profiles.

[0014] 2. Through the buffer structure, during the extrusion of flat and wide aluminum billets, the metal flow will cause the extrusion cylinder to be subjected to complex stress. The buffer arc structure, which combines circular arc, large circular arc and rectangle, can change the stress distribution. The large circular arc transition avoids the stress concentration caused by the abrupt change in shape at the junction of rectangle and circular arc. The smooth transition disperses the stress, which effectively reduces the stress concentration value of the flat extrusion cylinder and thus improves the service life of the flat extrusion cylinder.

[0015] 3. By designing the inner liner and outer cylinder of the flat extrusion cylinder, as well as the interference fit between the inner liner, inner liner, and outer cylinder, compressive stress can be generated on the inner surface of the inner liner of the flat extrusion cylinder. This optimizes the stress distribution of the entire flat extrusion cylinder and effectively reduces the stress concentration caused by metal flow during the extrusion process. The synergistic effect of this multi-layer prestressed structure can significantly improve the load-bearing capacity and fatigue resistance of the flat extrusion cylinder, thereby extending its service life and ensuring the stability and continuity of the production process of ultra-wide flat aluminum profiles. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die and production method provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die and production method provided by the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Flat extrusion cylinder inner liner; 2. Flat extrusion cylinder middle liner; 3. Flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder; 4. Wide expansion mold; 5. Rectangular hole; 6. Circular arc segment; 7. Large circular arc. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1-2As shown, the ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die includes a flat extrusion cylinder liner 1. The flat extrusion cylinder liner 1 has a rectangular hole 5 inside, and a buffer structure is provided at the rectangular hole 5. The buffer structure includes two arc segments 6 inside the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1, and the two arc segments 6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular hole 5. Both arc segments 6 are connected to the rectangular hole 5. A large arc 7 is provided at the intersection of the two arc segments 6 and the rectangular hole 5, and the arc segments 6 and the rectangular hole 5 are transitioned through the large arc 7. The diameter of the arc segment 6 is larger than the length of the short side of the rectangular hole 5. The buffer arc structure composed of the arc 6, the large arc 7 and the rectangular hole 5 can change the stress distribution. The transition of the large arc 6 avoids the stress concentration caused by the abrupt change in shape at the intersection of the rectangular hole 5 and the arc 6, and the smooth transition disperses the stress.

[0020] The multi-layer prestressed assembly is sleeved on the outside of the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1, and the multi-layer prestressed assembly is used to support the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1. The multi-layer prestressed assembly includes a flat extrusion cylinder inner liner 2 sleeved on the outside of the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner 1, and a flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder 3 sleeved on the outside of the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner 2. The outer diameter of the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner 1 is circular. The flat extrusion cylinder inner liner 1 and the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner 2 are connected by an interference fit, and the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner 2 and the flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder 3 are connected by an interference fit.

[0021] The widening die 4 is fixedly installed at the outlet end of the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1. The widening die 4 has a widening function and a maximum widening ratio of 1.4 times. Different alloys have different properties such as fluidity and deformation resistance during the extrusion process due to differences in their composition and internal structure. When facing these different alloys, the widening die can adjust the degree of widening of the metal to adapt to the properties of different alloys.

[0022] The operating principle of this invention is explained as follows: A flat, wide aluminum ingot blank adapted to the internal shape of the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1 is prepared and heated. The heated flat, wide aluminum ingot blank is placed inside the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1, and the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1, the flat extrusion cylinder middle liner 2, and the flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder 3 are heated. Extrusion pressure is applied to the flat, wide aluminum ingot blank by the extrusion rod of the extruder, pushing the flat, wide aluminum ingot blank forward within the rectangular hole 5. The buffer arc structure formed by the arc 6, the large arc 7, and the rectangular hole 5 can change the stress distribution. The transition of the large arc 7 avoids stress concentration caused by the abrupt change in shape at the junction of the rectangular hole 5 and the arc 6. The smooth transition disperses the stress, thus effectively reducing the stress concentration value at the extrusion position and improving the service life of the device. At the same time, the interference fit design between the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1, the flat extrusion cylinder middle liner 2, and the flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder 3 can... The pressure stress generated on the inner surface of the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1 is sufficient to optimize the stress distribution of the entire flat extrusion cylinder liner 1, effectively reducing the stress concentration value caused by metal flow during the extrusion process. The synergistic effect of this multi-layer prestressed structure can significantly improve the load-bearing capacity and fatigue resistance of the flat extrusion cylinder liner 1, further extend the service life of the entire device, and ensure the stability and continuity of the ultra-wide flat aluminum profile production process. The flat wide aluminum billet enters the widening die 4 through the rectangular hole 5. Under the guiding action of the widening die 4, the flat aluminum billet flows through the widening area to achieve lateral expansion. After widening, the flat aluminum billet enters the sizing zone of the widening die 4 to complete the shaping deformation and finally form an ultra-wide flat aluminum profile that conforms to the die exit shape. Among them, since the shape of the flat wide aluminum billet and the final formed ultra-wide flat aluminum profile is closer, this shape can reduce the extrusion pressure by about 30% during the extrusion process compared to the round billet.

[0023] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flat extrusion die for ultra-wide flat aluminum profiles, characterized in that, It includes a flat extrusion cylinder liner (1), the interior of which is provided with a rectangular hole (5), and a buffer structure is provided at the rectangular hole (5); A multi-layer prestressed assembly is sleeved on the outside of the flat extrusion cylinder liner (1), and the multi-layer prestressed assembly is used to support the flat extrusion cylinder liner (1). The wide mold (4) is fixedly installed at the outlet end of the flat extrusion cylinder liner (1).

2. The ultra-wide flat aluminum profile extrusion die according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer structure includes two arc segments (6) disposed inside the flat extrusion cylinder liner (1), and the two arc segments (6) are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the rectangular hole (5). Both arc segments (6) are connected to the rectangular hole (5). A large arc (7) is provided at the intersection of the two arc segments (6) and the rectangular hole (5), and the arc segments (6) and the rectangular hole (5) are transitioned through the large arc (7).

3. The ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-layer prestressed assembly includes a flat extrusion cylinder inner liner (2) sleeved on the outside of the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner (1), and a flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder (3) sleeved on the outside of the flat extrusion cylinder inner liner (2).

4. The ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the flat extrusion cylinder liner (1) is circular.

5. The ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flat extrusion cylinder inner liner (1) and the flat extrusion cylinder middle liner (2) are connected by an interference fit, and the flat extrusion cylinder middle liner (2) and the flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder (3) are connected by an interference fit.

6. The ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the arc segment (6) is greater than the length of the short side of the rectangular hole (5).

7. The ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wide-spreading mold (4) has a wide-spreading function and a maximum wide-spreading ratio of 1.4 times.

8. A method for producing ultra-wide flat aluminum profiles, comprising at least the ultra-wide flat aluminum profile flat extrusion die as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The production method includes the following steps: S1. Prepare a flat and wide aluminum ingot blank that matches the internal shape of the flat extrusion cylinder liner (1) and heat it. S2. Place the heated flat aluminum billet into the interior of the flat extrusion cylinder liner (1) and heat the flat extrusion cylinder liner (1), the flat extrusion cylinder middle liner (2) and the flat extrusion cylinder outer cylinder (3); S3. Apply extrusion pressure to the flat and wide aluminum billet through the extrusion bar of the extruder, and push the flat and wide aluminum billet forward in the rectangular hole so that it enters the wide mold (4) from the outlet end of the flat extrusion cylinder liner (1). S4. Under the guiding effect of the wide-spreading mold (4), the flat aluminum billet flows through the wide-spreading area to achieve lateral expansion; S5. The flat aluminum billet after being widened enters the sizing zone of the widening mold (4) to complete the shaping and deformation, and finally forms an ultra-wide flat aluminum profile that conforms to the mold exit shape.

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