Articulated frame capable of achieving multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting and dumper

Abstract

The hinged frame comprises a front frame body, a rear frame body and a hinged body, the front frame body and the rear frame body are connected through the hinged body and can relatively rotate along the X axis and the Y axis, the central axis of the hinged body in the vehicle advancing direction is set as the X axis, and the central axis of the hinged body in the direction perpendicular to the ground is set as the Y axis; the vehicle further comprises at least two of an X-axis mechanical limiting device, an X-axis angle monitoring device, a Y-axis angle monitoring device and a Y-axis mechanical limiting device, and the angle monitoring device is used for monitoring the relative rotation angle of the front frame and the rear frame in real time and can trigger angle early warning; the mechanical limiting device is used for limiting continuous relative rotation of the front frame and the rear frame when the relative rotation angle of the front frame and the rear frame reaches a set threshold value. According to the hinged frame, relative rotation of the front frame and the rear frame can be sensed, effective limiting can be achieved, risk early warning for a driver and passengers is achieved, and key parts and connecting pipelines of a vehicle are protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an articulated frame and dump truck capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting, belonging to the field of articulated dump trucks. Background Technology

[0002] The articulated frame is the core load-bearing component of an articulated dump truck, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the front frame 1 and rear frame 3 are connected by a hinge 2, which allows for relative rotation along a set X-axis (the central axis of the hinge along the vehicle's forward direction) and Y-axis (the central axis of the hinge perpendicular to the ground). This structure gives the articulated dump truck superior mobility and environmental adaptability, enabling it to be efficiently applied in complex working conditions such as narrow spaces and muddy roads, and it is widely used in the field of engineering transportation.

[0003] Existing angle control solutions for articulated frames have significant limitations. They only monitor and mechanically limit the rotation angle of the front and rear frames along the Y-axis, completely lacking monitoring and limiting design for the X-axis (axial) rotation angle. This defect exposes the vehicle to multiple risks during actual operation: First, when the vehicle goes over potholes, turns, or is engaged in hoisting operations, the rear frame is prone to large-angle rotation relative to the front frame in the X-axis direction. Due to the lack of real-time monitoring, the driver cannot perceive this relative movement, making it impossible to adjust the driving path in time, and there is no mechanical structure to force restraint, which can easily lead to collisions of the vehicle's own components or rollover accidents. Second, unrestricted rotation in the X-axis direction will continuously stretch the connecting pipelines between the front and rear frames. When the stretching exceeds the reserved length of the pipeline, it will cause the pipeline to break, which will not only cause the vehicle to stop operating and endanger the safety of the driver and passengers, but the hydraulic pipeline breakage will also cause hydraulic oil leakage, causing pollution to the surrounding environment. Third, for the electric articulator with the battery box located above the front frame, when the rear frame drives the cargo box to rotate at a large angle in the X-axis, the front edge of the cargo box is prone to collide with the battery box, causing damage to the battery and other key components, seriously affecting the operational safety and reliability of the electric articulator.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing monitoring solutions only passively report angle status, lacking a large-angle rotation warning mechanism, preventing drivers from anticipating risks and adjusting their operations in advance. Furthermore, these solutions are mostly designed for fuel-powered articulated gates, failing to fully consider the structural characteristics of electric articulated gates and lacking sufficient understanding of collisions and rollovers caused by X-axis rotation. Regarding pipeline rupture issues, the industry often adopts a reactive approach of replacing the pipeline after the fact, neglecting the safety and environmental hazards caused by sudden vehicle stops due to pipeline rupture, thus failing to fundamentally solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an articulated frame and dump truck capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting. It can sense the relative rotation of the front and rear frames and effectively limit the movement, thereby providing early risk warnings for drivers and passengers and protecting key vehicle components and connecting pipelines.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs an articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting, comprising a front frame, a rear frame, and an articulated body. The front frame and the rear frame are connected via the articulated body and are rotatable relative to each other along the X-axis and Y-axis. The central axis of the articulated body along the vehicle's forward direction is defined as the X-axis, and the central axis of the articulated body perpendicular to the ground is defined as the Y-axis. The invention also includes at least two of the following: an X-axis mechanical limiting device, an X-axis angle monitoring device, a Y-axis angle monitoring device, and a Y-axis mechanical limiting device. The X-axis angle monitoring device is connected to the front frame or articulation body and the rear frame respectively, and is used to monitor the relative rotation angle of the front frame and the rear frame along the X-axis in real time, and can trigger an angle warning; the X-axis mechanical limiting device is connected to the front frame or articulation body and the rear frame respectively, and is used to limit the relative rotation of the front frame and the rear frame along the X-axis when the relative rotation angle of the front frame and the rear frame along the X-axis reaches a set threshold. The Y-axis angle monitoring device is connected to the front frame, rear frame, or articulated body respectively, and is used to monitor the relative rotation angle between the front frame and rear frame along the Y-axis in real time; the Y-axis mechanical limiting device is connected to the front frame, rear frame, or articulated body respectively, and is used to limit the relative rotation between the front frame and rear frame along the Y-axis when the relative rotation angle between the front frame and rear frame along the Y-axis reaches a set threshold.

[0007] As an improvement, the X-axis angle monitoring device includes a first threaded plate, a second threaded plate, a U-shaped sensing plate, a first angular displacement sensor, and a sensor mounting base; The first threaded plate is welded to the lower part of the hinge body. The sensor mounting base is detachably mounted on the first threaded plate through the mounting base fastener. The first angular displacement sensor is embedded in the mounting hole of the sensor mounting base, and the sensing end face of the first angular displacement sensor faces the rear frame side where the U-shaped sensing plate is located. The second threaded plate is welded to one end of the rear frame near the hinge body, and the U-shaped sensing plate is detachably installed on the second threaded plate via U-shaped sensing plate fasteners.

[0008] As an improvement, adjusting shims are installed between the sensor mounting base and the first threaded plate, and between the U-shaped sensing plate and the second threaded plate; anti-loosening washers are also fitted on both sides of the mounting hole of the sensor mounting base to prevent the first angular displacement sensor from becoming loose due to vehicle vibration.

[0009] As an improvement, at least two U-shaped sensing plates are provided and arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rear frame to realize multi-level early warning of relative rotation between the front frame and the rear frame along the X-axis.

[0010] As an improvement, the X-axis mechanical limiting device includes a limiting seat, a limiting block, and a baffle. The limiting seat is welded to the front end of the rear frame. The limiting block is detachably installed on the bottom plate of the hinge body via the limiting block fastener, and a third adjusting shim is sandwiched between the limiting block and the bottom plate of the hinge body. The baffle is welded to the side of the limiting block, and its end face fits against the side of the limiting block. When the rear frame drives the limiting seat to squeeze the limiting block to the limit state, the baffle is used to prevent the limiting block from shifting laterally or deforming excessively, providing rigid protection for the limiting block.

[0011] As an improvement, two limiting seats are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the rear frame, which are used to cooperate with the limiting block in the bidirectional rotation direction of the X-axis to achieve limiting.

[0012] As an improvement, the Y-axis angle monitoring device includes a front mounting base, a second angular displacement sensor, a lever, and a rear mounting base. The front mounting base is a U-shaped bent plate, which is detachably mounted on the front frame near the middle position of the hinge body via front mounting base fasteners. The second angular displacement sensor is embedded in the mounting position of the front mounting base, and its axis is collinear with the Y-axis. The rear mounting base is detachably fixed to the middle position of the hinge body near the front frame via rear mounting base fasteners, and is correspondingly set to the front mounting base. One end of the lever is rigidly connected to the output shaft of the second angular displacement sensor, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rear mounting base. When the front frame and the rear frame rotate relative to each other along the Y-axis, the hinge body drives the rear mounting base to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the output shaft of the second angular displacement sensor to rotate via the lever, causing the second angular displacement sensor to generate an electrical signal change corresponding to the rotation angle.

[0013] As an improvement, the main controller and alarm components are also included; The first angular displacement sensor of the X-axis angle monitoring device and the second angular displacement sensor of the Y-axis angle monitoring device are both electrically connected to the main controller, and can convert the monitored relative rotation angle signals of the front and rear frames along the X-axis and Y-axis into corresponding voltage signals, and transmit them to the main controller in real time. The alarm element is electrically connected to the main controller, which has preset rotation angle warning thresholds in the X and Y axes. When the angle signal in either direction reaches the corresponding warning threshold, the main controller triggers the alarm element to start. The alarm element is an indicator light, a buzzer, or a combination of both, used to issue an angle over-limit warning to the driver and passengers.

[0014] As an improvement, the trigger thresholds for the X-axis angle monitoring device and the X-axis mechanical limit device are: the warning threshold of the X-axis angle monitoring device is less than the limit threshold of the X-axis mechanical limit device; The warning threshold of the X-axis angle monitoring device is 15°-25°, and the limit threshold of the X-axis mechanical limit device is 20°-30°.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention also provides a dump truck capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting, including a cargo box, a power system and the articulated frame; the cargo box is mounted on the rear frame, the power system is mounted on the front frame, and the power system is a fuel power system or an electric power system. When the power system is an electric power system, its battery box is mounted above the front frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the articulated frame of the present invention has the following advantages: (1) Flexible functional combination to adapt to various working conditions. The X-axis and Y-axis angle monitoring devices and mechanical limit devices of the present invention are independently designed and can be freely combined according to actual working conditions: for scenarios without collision risk, only the angle monitoring device can be retained to monitor the rotation status in real time; for scenarios that do not require real-time monitoring and only need to prevent over-limit, only the mechanical limit device can be retained to simplify the structure. This design breaks the limitation that monitoring and limiting must be bound together, and greatly improves the adaptability of the device to working conditions.

[0017] (2) Dual-axis collaborative protection reduces safety risks. Along the X-axis: When the heavy-duty slow-speed articulator is going over potholes, turning, or hoisting, the X-axis angle monitoring device can provide early warning of excessive rotation angle, reminding the driver to adjust the driving path and avoid shortening the life of the mechanical limiter due to frequent use; if the driver does not adjust in time, the X-axis mechanical limiter can forcibly limit the rotation, fundamentally avoiding the risk of rollover and collision of its own components. Along the Y-axis: For excessive rotation during sharp turns, the Y-axis angle monitoring device can provide real-time angle feedback, and the Y-axis mechanical limiter can prevent over-limit, providing dual protection to avoid damage to key components due to excessive rotation, forming a closed loop of safety protection for all scenarios.

[0018] (3) Adapt to electric articulators to protect core components. In view of the structural feature of the electric articulators where the battery box is located on the front frame, the dual-axis mechanical limiting device of the present invention can limit the rotation range of the cargo box driven by the rear frame. This not only avoids the collision between the upper edge of the cargo box and the battery box, which would cause damage to the core components, but also does not affect the function of the cargo box in protecting the pipelines below from being hit by stones. While satisfying the basic functions of the cargo box, it solves the unique component collision hazards of electric articulators.

[0019] (4) Precisely manage pipelines to reduce failures and pollution. Based on the set values ​​of the rotation angles of the X and Y axes, the reserved safety length of the connecting pipelines between the front and rear frames can be accurately calculated, avoiding pipeline breakage due to excessive rotation from the design source; at the same time, it prevents hydraulic oil leakage caused by hydraulic pipeline rupture, which reduces vehicle downtime failures and reduces pollution to the surrounding environment, achieving the dual benefits of equipment protection and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an existing articulated vehicle frame; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis angle monitoring device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis mechanical limiting device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-axis angle monitoring device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention rotating along the X-axis; Figure (a) shows a rotation of 20° along the X-axis, and Figure (b) shows a rotation of 25° along the X-axis; In the diagram: 1. Front frame, 2. Articulated body, 3. Rear frame, 4. X-axis mechanical limit device, 5. X-axis angle monitoring device, 6. Y-axis angle monitoring device, 7. Y-axis mechanical limit device, 8. U-shaped sensing plate fastener, 9. U-shaped sensing plate, 10. First threaded plate, 11. First adjusting shim, 12. First angular displacement sensor, 13. Mounting fastener, 14. Anti-loosening washer, 15. Sensor mounting base, 16. Second threaded plate, 17. Second adjusting shim, 18. Limiting seat, 19. Limiting block fastener, 20. Baffle, 21. Third adjusting shim, 22. Limiting block, 23. Rear mounting base, 24. Lever, 25. Second angular displacement sensor, 26. Front mounting base, 27. Front mounting base fastener, 28. Rear mounting base fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of this application, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figures 2-6 As shown, an articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting includes a front frame 1, a rear frame 3, and an articulation body 2. The front frame 1 and the rear frame 3 are connected by the articulation body 2 and can rotate relative to each other along the X-axis and Y-axis. The X-axis is set as the central axis of the articulation body along the vehicle's forward direction, and the Y-axis is set as the central axis of the articulation body perpendicular to the ground. The articulated frame also includes at least two of the following: X-axis mechanical limiting device 4, X-axis angle monitoring device 5, Y-axis angle monitoring device 6, and Y-axis mechanical limiting device 7, which respectively control the rotation state of the front and rear frames along the dual axes. Since the mechanical limiting schemes for large-angle rotation of the front and rear frames along the X and Y axes are based on the same principle, the following mainly describes the angle monitoring and mechanical limiting scheme along the X-axis and the angle monitoring scheme along the Y-axis in detail. The X-axis angle monitoring device 5 is connected to the articulation body 2 (or the front frame 1) and the rear frame 3 respectively, and is used to capture the relative rotation angle of the front frame 1 and the rear frame 3 along the X-axis in real time, and trigger an early warning when the angle approaches the safety threshold; the X-axis mechanical limiting device 4 is connected to the articulation body 2 (or the front frame 1) and the rear frame 3 respectively, and when the relative rotation angle of the front frame 1 and the rear frame 3 along the X-axis reaches the set limit threshold, it limits the two to continue rotating through the mechanical structure to avoid the risk of exceeding the limit; The Y-axis angle monitoring device 6 is connected to the front frame 1 and the articulation body 2 (or the rear frame 3) respectively, and is used to monitor the relative rotation angle of the front frame 1 and the rear frame 3 along the Y-axis in real time, providing an angle reference for steering operations; the Y-axis mechanical limiting device 4 is connected to the front frame 1 and the articulation body 2 (or the rear frame 3) respectively, and when the relative rotation angle of the front frame 1 and the rear frame 3 along the Y-axis reaches the set limit threshold, it restricts the two from continuing to rotate, preventing oversteering from causing damage to the components.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the X-axis angle monitoring device 5 includes a first threaded plate 10, a second threaded plate 16, a U-shaped sensing plate 9, a first angular displacement sensor 12, and a sensor mounting base 15. The components work together to achieve angle monitoring and early warning. The first threaded plate 10 is welded to the lower part of the hinge body 2, serving as the fixed base for the sensor mounting base 15; the sensor mounting base 15 is detachably mounted on the first threaded plate 10 via the mounting base fastener 13, and the first angular displacement sensor 12 is embedded in the mounting hole of the sensor mounting base 15, with its sensing end face facing the rear frame 3 where the U-shaped sensing plate 9 is located, ensuring accurate identification of the positional changes of the U-shaped sensing plate 9; The second threaded plate 16 is welded to one end of the rear frame 3 near the hinge 2, serving as the fixed base for the U-shaped sensing plate 9. The U-shaped sensing plate 9 is detachably mounted on the second threaded plate 16 via the U-shaped sensing plate fastener 8. Subsequently, the frame 3 rotates and moves synchronously, triggering a signal change in the first angular displacement sensor 12.

[0026] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, to ensure the accuracy and stability of X-axis angle monitoring, a first adjusting shim 11 is sandwiched between the sensor mounting base 15 and the first threaded plate 10, and a second adjusting shim 17 is sandwiched between the U-shaped sensing plate 9 and the second threaded plate 16; by increasing or decreasing the number or thickness of the first adjusting shim 11 or the second adjusting shim 17, the relative gap between the U-shaped sensing plate 9 and the first angular displacement sensor 12 can be precisely adjusted, which can avoid the sensor from being unable to sense the signal due to the gap being too large, and can also prevent the collision damage between the U-shaped sensing plate 9 and the sensor due to the gap being too small; Anti-loosening washers 14 are also fitted on both sides of the mounting hole of the sensor mounting base 15. The anti-loosening washers 14 can offset the vibration and impact force during vehicle operation through elastic deformation, effectively preventing the first angular displacement sensor 12 from loosening and shifting in the mounting hole, thereby ensuring the continuous reliability of the X-axis angle monitoring function.

[0027] In some embodiments, at least two U-shaped sensor plates 9 are provided and are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rear frame 3. When the rear frame 3 drives the U-shaped sensor plates 9 to rotate, the U-shaped sensor plates 9 at different positions can sequentially trigger the first angular displacement sensor 12 to realize multi-level warning of relative rotation between the front frame 1 and the rear frame 3 along the X-axis, providing the driver with more time to adjust.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the X-axis mechanical limiting device 4 includes a limiting seat 18, a limiting block 22, and a baffle 20, which achieves dual protection through buffer limiting and rigid protection; The limiting seat 18 is welded to the front end of the rear frame 3, and then the frame 3 rotates synchronously; the limiting block 22 is detachably installed on the bottom plate of the hinge body 2 through the limiting block fastener 19, and a third adjusting shim 21 is sandwiched between the limiting block 22 and the bottom plate of the hinge body. The limiting seat 18 and the limiting block 22 can be precisely contacted at a set angle by adjusting the thickness or number of the shims. The baffle 20 is welded to the side of the limiting block 22 on the bottom plate of the hinge body, and its end face is in contact with the side of the limiting block 22. When the rear frame 3 drives the limiting seat 18 to squeeze the limiting block 22 to the limit state, the baffle 20 can prevent the limiting block 22 from lateral displacement or excessive deformation, which protects the limiting block 22 from damage and ensures the stability of the limiting effect.

[0029] In some embodiments, two limit seats 18 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the rear frame 3, which can cooperate with the limit block 22 in the bidirectional rotation direction of the X-axis to achieve limiting, covering the over-limit protection requirements of the rear frame 3 rotating in both positive and negative directions of the X-axis, and improving the comprehensiveness of the device.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the Y-axis angle monitoring device 6 includes a front mounting base 26, a second angular displacement sensor 25, a lever 24, and a rear mounting base 23, and realizes angle signal monitoring through mechanical transmission conversion; The front mounting base 26 is a U-shaped bent plate, which can be detachably installed on the front frame 1 near the middle position of the hinge body 2 by means of the front mounting base fastener 27, providing stable support for the second angular displacement sensor 25; the second angular displacement sensor 25 is embedded in the mounting position of the front mounting base 26, and its axis is collinear with the Y-axis, ensuring that the monitored angle is consistent with the actual rotation angle. The rear mounting base 23 is detachably fixed to the middle position of the hinge body 2 near the front frame 1 by the rear mounting base fastener 28, and is set correspondingly to the front mounting base 26; one end of the lever 24 is rigidly connected to the output shaft of the second angular displacement sensor 25, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rear mounting base 23. When the front frame 1 and the rear frame 3 rotate relative to each other along the Y-axis, the hinge 2 drives the rear mounting base 23 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the output shaft of the second angular displacement sensor 25 to rotate through the lever 24, so that the second angular displacement sensor 25 generates an electrical signal change corresponding to the rotation angle, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the Y-axis rotation angle.

[0031] In some embodiments, to achieve closed-loop protection of early warning and intervention, the articulated frame also includes a main controller and alarm elements; The first angular displacement sensor 12 of the X-axis angle monitoring device 5 and the second angular displacement sensor 25 of the Y-axis angle monitoring device 6 are both electrically connected to the main controller. They can convert the monitored relative rotation angle signals of the front and rear frames along the X-axis and Y-axis into corresponding voltage signals and transmit them to the main controller in real time. The alarm element is electrically connected to the main controller, which has preset rotation angle warning thresholds in the X and Y axes. When the angle signal in either direction reaches the corresponding warning threshold, the main controller immediately triggers the alarm element. The alarm element is an indicator light, a buzzer, or a combination of both, which can issue an angle over-limit warning to the driver and passengers through visual or audible signals, reminding them to adjust their operation in time.

[0032] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, in order to optimize the warning-limiting coordination logic in the X-axis direction, the trigger thresholds of the X-axis angle monitoring device 5 and the X-axis mechanical limit device 4 are set as follows: the warning threshold of the X-axis angle monitoring device 5 is less than the limit threshold of the X-axis mechanical limit device 4.

[0033] The warning threshold of the X-axis angle monitoring device 5 is 15°-25°, and the limit threshold of the X-axis mechanical limit device 4 is 20°-30°, ensuring that the driver has enough time to adjust after receiving the warning, reducing the frequent use of the mechanical limit and extending the life of the device.

[0034] A second aspect of the present invention also provides a dump truck capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting, including a cargo box, a power system and an articulated frame as described in any of the above embodiments; The cargo box is mounted on the rear frame 3 and is used to carry goods; the power system is mounted on the front frame 1 and provides power for the vehicle to move. The power system can be either a fuel power system or an electric power system. When the power system is an electric power system, its battery box is installed above the front frame 1. At this time, the dual-axis limiting function of the articulated frame can effectively prevent the rear frame 3 from colliding with the battery box when it rotates with the cargo box, thus protecting the safety of the core components.

[0035] During steering, the front and rear frames of an articulated chassis and a dump truck using this chassis will rotate relative to each other along the Y-axis. This invention uses an angular displacement sensor to monitor the steering angle of both frames in real time. The following explanation uses an angular displacement sensor with a monitoring range of -60° to +60° as an example: This angular displacement sensor linearly converts the monitored steering angle information into a voltage signal, with a one-to-one correspondence between the steering angle and the voltage signal: the angle range of -60° to +60° corresponds to a voltage range of 0.5V to 4.5V, meaning each specific steering angle is matched with a unique voltage value. The converted voltage signal is transmitted to the main controller in real time. After parsing and processing the voltage signal, the main controller feeds it back to the vehicle's display screen, ultimately converting it into an intuitive real-time steering angle value for display. This allows the driver to easily grasp the current steering angle and provides a precise reference for steering operations.

[0036] The present invention has the following advantages: Firstly, for heavy-duty, slow-speed articulated trucks with articulated frames, collisions or rollovers are likely to occur if the rear frame rotates to a specific angle relative to the front frame along the X-axis during conditions such as crossing potholes, turning, or lifting. In such cases, an X-axis angle monitoring device can provide an early warning to the driver, allowing them to quickly detect if the X-axis rotation angle exceeds the limit and correct the rotation angle by adjusting the driving path. This reduces the frequent use of mechanical limiters and extends their service life. Even if the driver fails to adjust in time, the X-axis mechanical limiter can still forcibly restrict excessive rotation, preventing damage to critical components or vehicle rollover.

[0037] Secondly, excessive rotation of the rear frame relative to the front frame along the Y-axis mainly occurs during sharp turns, which can also lead to collision damage to critical components. The Y-axis angle monitoring device can provide real-time feedback on the rotation angle, and the Y-axis mechanical limit device can prevent over-limit operation. Together, they can remind the driver to adjust their operation in advance, providing steering protection for the vehicle. Especially for electric articulated trucks, if the rear frame rotates at a large angle simultaneously along both the X and Y axes, the upper edge of the cargo box on the rear frame is prone to colliding with the battery box on the front frame; however, the upper edge of the cargo box is an indispensable structure that protects the pipelines below from falling stones. The dual-axis rotation limit function of this invention not only meets the basic protection requirements of the cargo box and prevents it from tilting, but also effectively avoids collisions between the cargo box and the battery box after rotation, protecting the core components of the electric articulated truck.

[0038] In addition, based on the maximum rotation angle of the front and rear frames along the X and Y axes, the reserved safety length of the connecting pipelines between the frames can be accurately calculated, avoiding pipeline breakage due to relative rotation from the design source, and reducing vehicle failures and safety hazards.

[0039] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features found in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are also within the scope of protection of this invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can use them in combination based on known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

Claims

1. An articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting, comprising a front frame (1), a rear frame (3), and an articulation body (2), wherein the front frame (1) and the rear frame (3) are connected via the articulation body (2) and are rotatable relative to each other along the X-axis and Y-axis, wherein, The hinge body is set with the central axis along the vehicle's forward direction as the X-axis and the central axis perpendicular to the ground as the Y-axis; characterized in that it further includes at least two of the following: an X-axis mechanical limiting device (4), an X-axis angle monitoring device (5), a Y-axis angle monitoring device (6), and a Y-axis mechanical limiting device (7); The X-axis angle monitoring device (5) is connected to the front frame (1) or articulation body (2) and the rear frame (3) respectively, and is used to monitor the relative rotation angle of the front frame (1) and the rear frame (3) along the X-axis in real time, and can trigger an angle warning; the X-axis mechanical limiting device (4) is connected to the front frame (1) or articulation body (2) and the rear frame (3) respectively, and is used to restrict the two from continuing to rotate relative to each other when the relative rotation angle of the front frame (1) and the rear frame (3) along the X-axis reaches a set threshold. The Y-axis angle monitoring device (6) is connected to the front frame (1), the rear frame (3) or the articulated body (2) respectively, and is used to monitor the relative rotation angle of the front frame (1) and the rear frame (3) along the Y-axis in real time; the Y-axis mechanical limiting device (7) is connected to the front frame (1), the rear frame (3) or the articulated body (2) respectively, and is used to restrict the two from continuing to rotate relative to each other when the relative rotation angle of the front frame (1) and the rear frame (3) along the Y-axis reaches a set threshold.

2. The articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis angle monitoring device (5) includes a first threaded plate (10), a second threaded plate (16), a U-shaped sensing plate (9), a first angular displacement sensor (12), and a sensor mounting base (15). The first threaded plate (10) is welded to the lower part of the hinge body (2). The sensor mounting base (15) is detachably mounted on the first threaded plate (10) by the mounting base fastener (13). The first angular displacement sensor (12) is embedded in the mounting hole of the sensor mounting base (15), and the sensing end face of the first angular displacement sensor (12) faces the rear frame (3) where the U-shaped sensing plate (9) is located. The second threaded plate (16) is welded to one end of the rear frame (3) near the hinge (2), and the U-shaped sensing plate (9) is detachably installed on the second threaded plate (16) by the U-shaped sensing plate fastener (8).

3. The articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting according to claim 2, characterized in that, Adjusting shims are installed between the sensor mounting base (15) and the first threaded plate (10), and between the U-shaped sensing plate (9) and the second threaded plate (16); anti-loosening washers (14) are also fitted on both sides of the mounting hole of the sensor mounting base (15) to prevent the first angular displacement sensor (12) from becoming loose due to vehicle vibration.

4. The articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The U-shaped sensor plate (9) is provided in at least two and is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rear frame (3) to realize multi-level early warning of the relative rotation of the front frame (1) and the rear frame (3) along the X-axis.

5. The articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis mechanical limiting device (4) includes a limiting seat (18), a limiting block (22), and a baffle (20). The limiting seat (18) is welded to the front end of the rear frame (3). The limiting block (22) is detachably installed on the bottom plate of the hinge body (2) by the limiting block fastener (19). A third adjusting shim (21) is sandwiched between the limiting block (22) and the bottom plate of the hinge body. The baffle (20) is welded to the side of the limiting block (22). Its end face is in contact with the side of the limiting block (22). When the rear frame (3) drives the limiting seat (18) to squeeze the limiting block (22) to the limit state, the baffle (20) is used to prevent the limiting block (22) from lateral displacement or excessive deformation, and to provide rigid protection for the limiting block (22).

6. The articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two limiting seats (18) are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the rear frame (3) to cooperate with the limiting block (22) in the bidirectional rotation direction of the X-axis to achieve limiting.

7. The articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis angle monitoring device (6) includes a front mounting base (26), a second angular displacement sensor (25), a lever (24), and a rear mounting base (23); The front mounting base (26) is a U-shaped bent plate, which can be detachably installed on the front frame (1) near the middle position of the hinge (2) by means of the front mounting base fastener (27); the second angular displacement sensor (25) is embedded in the mounting position of the front mounting base (26), and its axis is collinear with the Y axis; the rear mounting base (23) is detachably fixed to the middle position of the hinge (2) near the front frame (1) by means of the rear mounting base fastener (28), and is set corresponding to the front mounting base (26); One end of the lever (24) is rigidly connected to the output shaft of the second angular displacement sensor (25), and the other end is fixedly connected to the rear mounting base (23). When the front frame (1) and the rear frame (3) rotate relative to each other along the Y axis, the hinge (2) drives the rear mounting base (23) to rotate synchronously, and then drives the output shaft of the second angular displacement sensor (25) to rotate through the lever (24), so that the second angular displacement sensor (25) generates an electrical signal change corresponding to the rotation angle.

8. The articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the main controller and alarm components; The first angular displacement sensor (12) of the X-axis angle monitoring device (5) and the second angular displacement sensor (25) of the Y-axis angle monitoring device (6) are both electrically connected to the main controller, and can convert the monitored relative rotation angle signals of the front and rear frames along the X-axis and Y-axis into corresponding voltage signals, and transmit them to the main controller in real time. The alarm element is electrically connected to the main controller, which has preset rotation angle warning thresholds in the X and Y axes. When the angle signal in either direction reaches the corresponding warning threshold, the main controller triggers the alarm element to start. The alarm element is an indicator light, a buzzer, or a combination of both, used to issue an angle over-limit warning to the driver and passengers.

9. The articulated vehicle frame capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trigger thresholds of the X-axis angle monitoring device (5) and the X-axis mechanical limit device (4) are: the warning threshold of the X-axis angle monitoring device (5) is less than the limit threshold of the X-axis mechanical limit device (4); The warning threshold of the X-axis angle monitoring device (5) is 15°-25°, and the limiting threshold of the X-axis mechanical limiting device (4) is 20°-30°.

10. A dump truck capable of multi-angle monitoring and mechanical limiting, characterized in that, It includes a cargo box, a power system and an articulated frame as described in any one of claims 1-9; the cargo box is mounted on the rear frame (3), the power system is mounted on the front frame (1), the power system is a fuel power system or an electric power system, and when the power system is an electric power system, its battery box is mounted above the front frame (1).

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