Stacking and unloading device special for carbon bricks

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a special carbon brick stacking and unloading device which comprises a bridge frame, the bridge frame is arranged on end beams in a sliding mode, visual scanning devices are arranged at the two ends of the bridge frame, a stacking module and an unloading module are arranged on the bridge frame in a sliding mode, and the moving direction of the stacking module is parallel to the moving direction of the unloading module. The stacking module is perpendicular to the moving direction of the bridge frame and comprises a stacking trolley, an adjusting mechanism and a carbon brick expansion clamp. The visual scanning device is used for scanning the position information of a carbon brick stacking area and carbon bricks on a vehicle and transmitting the information to the control center, the control center controls the stacking module to work according to the received position information, rapid stacking of the carbon bricks is achieved, and after the carbon bricks are stacked, the carbon bricks are automatically stacked. The carbon brick stacking and unloading device is compact in structure, easy and convenient to operate and capable of effectively improving the carbon brick stacking and unloading efficiency and reducing the manual labor intensity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a special stacking and unloading device for carbon bricks. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important refractory material or conductive material, carbon bricks are widely used in high-temperature industrial kilns such as metallurgy, chemical industry, calcium carbide furnace, blast furnace, etc. After the production of carbon bricks is completed, the logistics transfer link highly depends on manual operation, and it is difficult to ensure that the carbon bricks are always neatly stacked. Secondly, during long-distance transportation, the displacement and loosening of the carbon brick stack caused by vehicle bumping and vibration will make the carbon bricks disorderly when they arrive at the destination, which will cause the carbon bricks to be unable to be lifted in a neat row during unloading, and the unloading efficiency is low and difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0003] Based on the above technical problems, the present application provides a special stacking and unloading device for carbon bricks. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a special stacking and unloading device for carbon bricks to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a special stacking and unloading device for carbon bricks, comprising a bridge frame, the bridge frame is slidingly arranged on an end beam, visual scanning devices are arranged at both ends of the bridge frame, a stacking module and an unloading module are slidingly arranged on the bridge frame, the moving direction of the stacking module and the unloading module is parallel, and the moving direction of the stacking module is perpendicular to the moving direction of the bridge frame, the stacking module comprises a stacking trolley, an adjusting mechanism and a carbon brick expansion clamp.

[0006] Further, the adjusting mechanism comprises a multi-stage guide frame, a rotary device and a transverse adjusting device, the rotary device is rotationally arranged on the stacking trolley, the multi-stage guide frame is fixedly arranged below the rotary device, and the multi-stage guide frame is a telescopic structure, from top to bottom, it comprises a fixed guide frame, an intermediate guide frame and a lower telescopic frame, and the carbon brick expansion clamp is arranged at the bottom of the lower telescopic frame.

[0007] Further, the transverse adjusting mechanism is arranged between the fixed guide frame and the intermediate guide frame, the transverse adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting frame, the adjusting frame is slidingly arranged at the bottom end of the fixed guide frame, a slide rail is arranged between the adjusting frame and the fixed guide frame, the adjusting frame and the intermediate guide frame are fixedly connected, and a gas cylinder is arranged between the adjusting frame and the fixed guide frame as a driving device for transverse adjustment.

[0008] Further, the carbon brick expansion clamps are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the multi-stage guide frame, the carbon brick expansion clamp comprises a clamping outer cylinder, the clamping outer cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower telescopic frame, a plurality of through grooves are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the clamping outer cylinder, the bottom cross section of the clamping outer cylinder is wedge-shaped, and a clamp pull rod is arranged in the clamping outer cylinder.

[0009] Further, the clamp pull rod is a cylinder, is in sliding connection with the clamping outer cylinder, and a circular truncated cone matched with the wedge-shaped part of the clamping outer cylinder is arranged on the clamp pull rod, and the top end of the clamp pull rod is connected with a clamping driving cylinder.

[0010] Further, the unloading module comprises a moving trolley, the moving trolley is provided with a lifting mechanism and an anti-swing lifting appliance, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting driving assembly and a rope balancing device, the rope balancing device is located between the lifting driving assembly and the anti-swing lifting appliance, and the rope balancing device is used for stabilizing the state of the steel wire rope.

[0011] Further, the anti-swing lifting appliance comprises a guide rod and an unloading lifting appliance, the guide rod is symmetrically arranged in the mounting holes at both ends of the moving trolley and is in sliding connection with the moving trolley, and the unloading lifting appliance is arranged at the bottom of the guide rod.

[0012] Further, the self-adaptive clamps are arranged below the unloading lifting appliance and are multiple, the self-adaptive clamp comprises a mounting frame one, a connecting rod mechanism is symmetrically arranged below the mounting frame one, a pull rod is arranged at the middle part of the connecting rod mechanism, the pull rod is in sliding connection with the mounting frame one, a mounting frame two is fixedly connected with the bottom of the pull rod, the two ends of the mounting frame two are rotatably connected with the connecting rod mechanism, a clamping jaw is arranged below the mounting frame two, the clamping jaw is rotatably connected with the connecting rod mechanism, a limiting rod is arranged at the bottom of the clamping jaw, and the limiting rod is used for limiting the transverse movement of the clamping jaw.

[0013] Further, a clamping nail plate is arranged inside the clamping jaw, the clamping nail plate is rotatably connected with the clamping jaw, and a force storage device is arranged between the clamping nail plate and the clamping jaw.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are that: a special stacking and unloading device for carbon bricks, comprising a bridge, the bridge is slidingly arranged on an end beam, a stacking module and an unloading module are slidingly arranged on the bridge, the moving direction of the stacking module and the unloading module is parallel, the moving direction of the stacking module and the bridge is vertical, the stacking module comprises a stacking trolley, an adjusting mechanism and a carbon brick expansion clamp, two function modules of stacking and unloading are integrated, a moving frame formed by the bridge and the end beam is used to realize all-around coverage in the loading and unloading area, the device can automatically, accurately and stably grab and stack carbon bricks through the special carbon brick expansion clamp and the adjusting mechanism in the stacking module, the carbon bricks are lifted by the unloading module, the unloading efficiency is greatly improved, the comprehensive cost is reduced, the device adopts modular design, has high generalization degree, compact structure, small size, large working range, and can effectively improve the production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a whole schematic diagram of the device; Figure 2 It is a whole schematic diagram of the stacking device; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stacking trolley; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage guide frame; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expansion clamp; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the expansion clamp; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unloading module; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balance arm structure; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-adaptive clamp.

[0016] In the figure: 1, bridge; 2, stacking trolley; 21, driving motor; 22, wheel; 23, steering gear; 24, steering motor; 25, steering wheel; 3, fixed guide frame; 31, electric push rod; 32, adjusting frame; 4, lower telescopic frame; 41, air cylinder; 42, clamp pull rod; 43, clamping outer cylinder; 44, limiting shell; 45, friction block; 46, spring one; 5, middle guide frame; 51, synchronous telescopic chain; 52, hydraulic push cylinder; 6, moving trolley; 61, winding drum; 62, obstacle removing device; 7, lifting tool; 71, movable pulley set; 72, clamp drive; 73, guide column; 8, base; 81, guide groove; 82, hanging plate; 83, support block 83; 84, spring two; 9, mounting frame one; 91, telescopic pull rod; 92, connecting rod; 93, mounting frame two; 94, limiting rod; 95, clamping jaw; 96, clamping nail plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1 like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a carbon brick stacking device, including a bridge frame 1, which is slidably installed on the end beams. The bridge frame adopts a two-main-beam, four-end-beam form, with the main beams and end beams rigidly connected and the end beams hinged. A maintenance platform and railings are installed on the sides of the main beams, and trolley stops are installed at the ends of the main beams. A visual scanning device and a track are installed on the bridge frame 1. A stacking trolley 2 is installed on the bridge frame 1, and a moving mechanism is installed on both sides of the stacking trolley 2. The moving mechanism includes a drive motor 21 and wheels 22. The drive motor 21 is fixed on the stacking trolley 2, and the wheels 22 are installed on both sides of the stacking trolley, with the installation positions of the wheels 22 corresponding to the tracks.

[0020] A slewing mechanism is installed in the middle of the stacking trolley 2 to adjust the angle of the carbon bricks during stacking. This slewing mechanism includes a steering wheel 25 and a steering gear 23. The steering gear 23 is mounted on the stacking trolley 2, and a steering motor 24 (a stepper motor) is installed below it. The steering wheel 25, a gear-like structure, meshes with the steering gear 23. A multi-stage guide frame is fixedly installed below the steering wheel 25. The slewing mechanism can rotate 270° to meet the angle adjustment requirements during carbon brick placement.

[0021] The multi-level guide frame consists of three levels, from top to bottom: a fixed guide frame 3, an intermediate guide frame 5, and a lower telescopic frame 4. The fixed guide frame 3 is located at the top of the multi-level guide frame and is fixedly connected to the slewing mechanism. A lateral adjustment mechanism is installed between the fixed guide frame 3 and the intermediate guide frame 5. The lateral adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment frame 32 and a moving drive device. The adjustment frame 32 is fixedly connected to the intermediate guide frame, and the moving drive device is an electric push rod 31. The adjustment frame 32 is installed at the bottom of the fixed guide frame 3, and two symmetrical lateral slide rails are installed between the adjustment frame 32 and the fixed guide frame 3. The slide rails are installed on both sides of the adjustment frame 32. The fixed end of the electric push rod 31 is installed on the fixed guide frame 3, and the working end of the electric push rod 31 is fixedly connected to the adjustment frame 32. The electric push rod 31 is parallel to the slide rails. The electric push rod 31 drives the intermediate guide frame to move laterally, which can reduce the overall operation and adjustment of the stacking trolley 2 and the bridge frame 1 during stacking, thereby shortening the operation cycle.

[0022] The lower telescopic frame 4 is installed on the middle guide frame 5, and a vertical rail and a slider are installed between the lower telescopic frame 4 and the middle guide frame 5. A hydraulic push cylinder 52 and a synchronous telescopic chain 51 are installed between the lower telescopic frame 4 and the middle guide frame 5. The cylinder body of the hydraulic push cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the middle guide frame 5, and the push rod of the hydraulic push cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the lower telescopic frame 4. The two ends of the synchronous telescopic chain 51 are fixedly connected to the middle guide frame 5 and the lower telescopic frame 4, respectively.

[0023] like Figures 5-6 As shown, carbon brick expansion clamps are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the lower telescopic frame 4. Each carbon brick expansion clamp includes a clamping outer cylinder 43 and a clamping rod 42. A cylinder 41 is installed above the clamping rod 42. The cylinder 41 and the clamping outer cylinder 43 are fixedly installed on the lower telescopic frame 4. The clamping rod 42 and the clamping outer cylinder 43 are concentrically slidably connected. Multiple through slots are evenly distributed around the circumference of the clamping outer cylinder 43. like Figure 6 As shown, the bottom cross-section of the clamping outer cylinder 43 is wedge-shaped. The clamping rod 42 is provided with a matching frustum corresponding to the wedge-shaped part of the clamping outer cylinder. A limiting shell 44 is installed on the outside of the clamping outer cylinder 43. The limiting shell 44 is connected to the clamping rod 42 through a pin. When the cylinder 41 drives the clamping rod 42 to move upward, the clamping rod 42 can drive the limiting shell 44 to move upward synchronously. The clamping rod 42 will cause the wedge-shaped part of the clamping outer cylinder 43 to expand outward. The synchronous movement of the limiting shell 44 can accurately control the expansion range of the clamping outer cylinder 43, which can effectively prevent structural damage or decreased clamping effect caused by excessive expansion of the wedge-shaped part.

[0024] A friction block 45 is installed at the bottom of the clamping outer cylinder 43 as a clamping component. The friction block 45 can clamp the lifting hole of the carbon brick. When the stacking position is reached, the upward driving force of the clamping rod 42 is removed, and the spring 46 will drive the clamping rod 42 to move the limiting shell 44 downward. Under the action of the limiting shell 44, the clamping outer cylinder 43 is reset, thereby releasing the clamping of the carbon brick by the friction block 45.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the unloading module includes a mobile trolley 6, with wheels installed on both sides of the mobile trolley 6. A clearing device 62 is installed on the outside of the wheels. The clearing device 62 has a groove corresponding to the track. When the mobile trolley moves back and forth, the clearing device 62 can push away obstacles that have fallen on the track.

[0026] A lifting mechanism is installed on the mobile trolley 6. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting motor, a brake, a drum 61, and a reducer. The lifting motor is fixedly installed on the mobile trolley 6, and the drum 61 is rotatably installed on the mobile trolley 6. The drum 61 is made of short-shaft steel plate and is made of Q235B material. The surface of the drum 61 is machined with anti-slip grooves, and flanges that are twice the diameter of the outermost wire rope are installed on both sides of the drum.

[0027] A rope balancing device is installed below the drum 61, and a fixed pulley is installed between the rope balancing device and the drum 61. The rope balancing device is a balancing arm. After the rope passes through the fixed pulley, it enters the balancing arm, which is used to balance the two ropes.

[0028] The balance arm includes a base 8, which is fixedly mounted on a mobile trolley 6. The base 8 has a guide groove 81, and a hanging plate 82 is installed in the guide groove 81 of the base 8. Support blocks 8384 are installed at both ends of the hanging plate 82, and springs 84 are installed below the support blocks 8384. The two ends of the springs 84 are connected to the support blocks 8384 and the base 8, respectively, and the springs 84 provide stable elastic support for the hanging plate 82.

[0029] A rope end fixing plate is installed below the hanging plate 82. The rope end fixing plate is rotatably connected to the hanging plate 82. The rope end fixing plate connects two steel wire ropes. If one of the steel wire ropes breaks, the other steel wire rope can continue to keep the heavy object from falling. The spring 84 in this balance arm can absorb the impact generated when the steel wire rope breaks, thereby avoiding damage to the structure, reducing risks, and improving the safety and reliability of carbon brick unloading operations.

[0030] An anti-sway device, specifically a lifting device 7, is installed below the mobile trolley 6. The lifting device 7 is equipped with a movable pulley block 71, and the pulleys are rolled pulleys. A detachable pulley cover is installed above the pulleys to enable the pulley block to prevent rope slippage. The lifting device 7 is connected to the mobile trolley 6 via a steel wire rope. Guide columns 73 are installed on both sides of the lifting device 7 to prevent swaying. The guide columns 73 slide in conjunction with the pre-drilled mounting holes on the mobile trolley 6. When the lifting device 7 is raised or lowered, it has an anti-swaying effect under the action of the guide columns 73.

[0031] The bottom end of the guide column 73 is fixedly connected to the lifting device 7. Multiple adaptive clamps are installed inside the lifting device 7, arranged equidistantly. These adaptive clamps can synchronously clamp and release, and the spacing between them can be adjusted according to the size of the carbon brick. Each adaptive clamp includes a mounting frame 9, which is fixedly mounted on the lifting device 7. A telescopic rod 91 and a connecting rod 92 are installed below the mounting frame 9. A sliding sleeve is fitted onto the outer side of the telescopic rod 91, and the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 9. The top end of the telescopic rod 91 is connected to the clamp drive. 72 connection, the bottom of the telescopic rod 91 is fixedly connected to the second mounting bracket 93, the bottom of the connecting rod 92 is rotatably connected to the gripper 95, and the connecting rod 92 is rotatably connected to the first mounting bracket 9 and the second mounting bracket 93. The inner end of the gripper 95 is rotatably connected to the second mounting bracket 93 through a rotating rod. A limit rod 94 is installed below the gripper 95. The limit rod 94 is used to limit the horizontal movement of the gripper 95. A nail-holding plate 96 is installed at the bottom of the gripper 95. The nail-holding plate 96 is rotatably connected to the gripper 95, and a power storage device is installed between the gripper 95 and the nail-holding plate 96. The power storage device can be a coil spring.

[0032] In use, the transport vehicle first delivers the carbon bricks to the area below the carbon brick stacking device. The visual scanning device scans and positions the vehicle. After determining the position of the carbon bricks, the drive motor 21 drives the wheels 22 to rotate, causing the stacking trolley 2 to move back and forth. When the stacking trolley 2 moves above the carbon bricks, the steering motor 24 drives the steering wheel 25 to rotate. Simultaneously, the electric push rod 31 drives the adjusting frame 32 to move, adjusting the multi-stage guide frame to a suitable angle so that the clamping outer cylinder 43 aligns with the clamping hole on the carbon brick. Then, the hydraulic push cylinder 52 drives the multi-stage guide frame to descend, inserting the friction block 45 downwards into the clamping hole. 41 operates by driving the clamping rod 42 upward, causing the friction block 45 to expand outward and clamp the carbon brick. Then, the steering wheel 25 and the adjusting frame 32 continue to operate, adjusting the carbon brick to a suitable angle. The stacking trolley 2 is then driven to move, neatly stacking the carbon bricks in a row. After the carbon bricks are stacked, the cylinder 41 drives the clamping rod 42 downward, and the clamping outer cylinder 43 resets under the action of the spring 46 and the limiting shell 44, releasing the control of the friction block 45 and completing the stacking of the carbon bricks. The above actions are repeated, and the stacking module arranges the carbon bricks one by one to meet the requirements of hoisting the entire row.

[0033] After the carbon bricks are neatly stacked in a row, they are precisely positioned using a visual scanning device. Then, the moving trolley 6 moves above the stacked carbon bricks, and the lifting mechanism drives the lifting device 7 downwards. After the clamps are pressed onto the carbon bricks, the clamp drive 72 operates, pulling the telescopic rod 91 upwards. The bottom end of the connecting rod 92 deflects inwards, and under the action of the limiting rod 94, the gripper 95 can only move laterally. The clamping plate 96 directly clamps the carbon bricks, and the action of the connecting rod 92 and the limiting rod 94 causes the gripper 95 to move horizontally. The movement of the gripper 95 avoids damage to the carbon brick due to insufficient clamping area during its arc-shaped movement. Simultaneously, the clamping plate 96 is rotatably connected to the gripper 95, and a power storage device is installed between them. When the clamping plate 96 contacts the carbon brick surface, the power storage device adaptively adjusts according to the unevenness of the carbon brick surface, ensuring that the clamping plate 96 fits tightly against the carbon brick surface, providing a uniform and stable clamping force. This effectively prevents the carbon brick from slipping or shifting during lifting, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the lifting operation. After clamping the carbon brick, the lifting mechanism drives the drum 61 to rotate, lifting the carbon brick. Subsequently, the moving trolley 6 moves the lifting device 7 to the stacking position, lowering the carbon brick and completing the unloading operation.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special stacking and unloading device for carbon bricks, comprising a bridge frame, the bridge frame being slidably mounted on an end beam, and visual scanning devices being provided at both ends of the bridge frame, characterized in that, A stacking module and an unloading module are slidably mounted on the bridge frame. The stacking module and the unloading module move in parallel directions, and the stacking module moves in a direction perpendicular to the bridge frame. The stacking module includes a stacking trolley, an adjustment mechanism, and a carbon brick expansion clamp.

2. The carbon brick stacking and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes a multi-stage guide frame, a rotary device, and a lateral adjustment device. The rotary device is rotatably mounted on the stacking trolley. The multi-stage guide frame is fixedly mounted below the rotary device. The multi-stage guide frame is a telescopic structure, consisting of a fixed guide frame, an intermediate guide frame, and a lower telescopic frame from top to bottom. A carbon brick expansion clamp is provided at the bottom of the lower telescopic frame.

3. The carbon brick stacking and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lateral adjustment mechanism is disposed between the fixed guide frame and the intermediate guide frame. The lateral adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment frame, which is slidably disposed at the bottom end of the fixed guide frame. A slide rail is provided between the adjustment frame and the fixed guide frame. The adjustment frame is fixedly connected to the intermediate guide frame. A cylinder is provided between the adjustment frame and the fixed guide frame as a drive for lateral adjustment.

4. The carbon brick stacking and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The carbon brick expansion clamps are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the multi-stage guide frame. The carbon brick expansion clamps include a clamping outer cylinder, which is fixedly connected to the lower telescopic frame. Multiple through slots are evenly opened around the circumference of the clamping outer cylinder, and the bottom cross-section of the clamping outer cylinder is wedge-shaped. A clamping pull rod is provided inside the clamping outer cylinder.

5. The carbon brick stacking and unloading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping rod is a cylinder that is slidably connected to the clamping outer cylinder. The clamping rod is provided with a matching frustum corresponding to the wedge-shaped part of the clamping outer cylinder. The top of the clamping rod is connected to a clamping drive cylinder.

6. The carbon brick stacking and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading module includes a mobile trolley, which is equipped with a lifting mechanism and an anti-sway device. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting drive assembly and a rope balancing device, which is located between the lifting drive assembly and the anti-sway device and is used to stabilize the state of the wire rope.

7. The carbon brick stacking and unloading device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The anti-sway lifting device includes a guide rod and an unloading lifting device. The guide rod is symmetrically arranged in the mounting holes at both ends of the moving trolley and is slidably connected to the moving trolley. The unloading lifting device is located at the bottom of the guide rod.

8. The carbon brick stacking and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading hoist is equipped with adaptive clamps below it, and multiple adaptive clamps are provided. Each adaptive clamp includes a mounting frame one, with linkage mechanisms symmetrically arranged below the mounting frame one. A pull rod is provided in the middle of the linkage mechanism, and the pull rod is slidably connected to the mounting frame one. The bottom of the pull rod is fixedly connected to a mounting frame two, and both ends of the mounting frame two are rotatably connected to the linkage mechanism. A gripper is provided below the mounting frame two, and the gripper is rotatably connected to the linkage mechanism. A limiting rod is provided at the bottom of the gripper to limit the lateral movement of the gripper.

9. A special stacking and unloading device for carbon bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clamping nail plate is provided on the inner side of the gripper, the clamping nail plate is rotatably connected to the gripper, and a power storage device is provided between the clamping nail plate and the gripper.

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