Construction method for erecting telegraph pole on mountainous region

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric pole construction, and discloses a construction method for erecting an electric pole in a mountainous region, which comprises the following steps of: 1, forming a pole burying hole which is not smaller than the diameter of the electric pole at a point position where the electric pole is buried, and installing a hole sleeve into the pole burying hole; 3, the supporting structure serves as a vertical wall face, an inclined groove or an arc groove is formed in the side away from the supporting structure in the connecting line direction of the midpoint of the supporting structure and the rod burying hole, and the depth of the groove body is smaller than that of the rod burying hole; the right-angle end is adopted as a vertex for rotation, and the right-angle top fulcrum is rotationally fixed. And a downward-inserting plate type support is adopted, so that the problem that the right-angle end is stressed and collapsed is avoided while the transportation and installation convenience is met. The grooving process is optimized, the requirements for overturning and positioning are met, the problem that the loosened soil flows back to the hole body is reduced or even avoided, the displacement stroke of the telegraph pole is reduced, and the effect is better when the mode is applied to the conical telegraph pole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of utility pole construction technology, specifically a construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the terrain, heavy engineering vehicles have difficulty accessing mountainous areas, and metal-framed poles are difficult to maintain outdoors. Therefore, concrete utility poles are often used in mountainous areas. The poles are transported to the target location using small vehicles, other auxiliary tools, or manpower. The poles are then lifted, positioned, and aligned using a support system and traction.

[0003] Please see Figures 5 to 6 The book "New Rural Electrician Skills Training," edited by Han Xuetao and published by Golden Shield Press in October 2015, proposes a construction method for erecting utility poles in rural areas. This method uses stepped grooves and pushes the pole along the stepped slope to gradually slide into the hole and become vertical. The main problem with this method is that it is difficult to move the support. The smoothness of the pole's tilting movement is directly related to the slope. If the slope is gentle, the operation stroke is large and laborious. In order to meet the slope displacement requirements, the limiting ground hole is abandoned, which means that the erected pole can only be positioned by traction or other auxiliary positioning methods. Furthermore, backfilling and compaction are required during the positioning process.

[0004] Chinese patent (CN109403708A) discloses a construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas. This patent also uses a slope guide and a right-angled top pole for construction. This method still has the problem of long slopes, and the pole needs to be continuously displaced horizontally and rotated when it moves to a fixed position.

[0005] Chinese patent discloses a pole erection device (CN207700821U), which combines a support pushing step, a slope movement step, and a right-angle side pole pushing step.

[0006] In summary, the inclined plane motion lifting and traction method, with the pole rotating at the right angle to the inclined plane as its vertex, mainly has the following problems: Question A: The slope of the inclined plane is related to the smoothness of the pole's movement and rotation, and the slope of the inclined plane is positively correlated with the pole's displacement distance. A large slope and a small trench volume result in a less smooth pole movement; a small slope and a large trench volume result in a smooth pole movement but an increased stroke.

[0007] Question B: When the top of the traction pole rotates, the pole exerts a horizontal force on the right-angled surface of the trench. Under this force, the pole flips and easily embeds itself into the soil at the right angle. During rotation, a pit is created within the right-angled surface, trapping loose soil within the pit. Furthermore, during the sliding motion on the slope, the pole also causes soil on the slope to loosen and enter the pit. Once the pole is erected, removing the loose soil is difficult, requiring compaction. If backfilling is used, the space occupied by the loose soil reduces the amount of backfill needed for the same pit volume. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas. By using a right-angled end as the apex for rotation, and taking advantage of the high wind resistance and long burial depth characteristics of mountainous terrain, a right-angled apex fulcrum is used for rotational fixation. A bottom-inserted plate support is employed, which satisfies the convenience of transportation and installation while preventing the right-angled end from collapsing under stress. The grooving process is optimized to meet the requirements of flipping and positioning, and reduces or even eliminates the problem of loose soil flowing back into the hole and reduces the displacement stroke of the utility pole, thereby solving the problem.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas includes: Step 1: Drill holes at the locations where the utility poles will be installed, with a hole diameter no smaller than that of the utility pole, and insert a hole sleeve into the holes. Step 2: Drive a support structure into the ground from one side of the rod hole. The width of the support structure is greater than the diameter of the rod hole. Step 3: With the support structure as a vertical wall, along the line connecting the midpoint of the support structure and the buried rod hole, make an inclined groove or arc groove away from the support structure. The groove depth is less than the buried rod hole depth, the groove width is less than the support structure width, and then remove the hole sleeve. Step 4: The utility pole is placed horizontally on the ground, with the supporting structure as the dividing line. The end of the utility pole is located above the groove, and the top of the utility pole is supported by the ground. A clamp and a rotating structure are set on the top surface of the supporting structure, and the clamp fixes the pole. Step 5: A limiting structure is installed between the clamp and the end of the utility pole, with the limiting direction being the axial direction of the utility pole; Step 6: Set a traction rope at the front end of the utility pole, apply gravity to the rear end of the utility pole, rotate the utility pole around the vertex of the right angle side of the inclined groove, and let the rear end of the utility pole enter the groove to lift the front end of the utility pole. Continue to apply pressure to the rear end and pull the front end of the utility pole until the utility pole is vertical. Step 7: Release the limiting structure between the clamp and the end of the utility pole. The utility pole falls into the remaining buried hole. Adjust the direction of the utility pole with the traction rope, and backfill and reinforce the hole and groove.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: when the utility pole is tapered, the width of the groove is greater than the diameter of the tail end of the utility pole.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: when the utility pole is tapered, the shape of the clamp is consistent with the shape of the clamping area of ​​the utility pole and fits together.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: when the rotating mechanism is located on the side of the support structure near the buried pole hole, the diameter of the buried pole hole is adapted to the maximum diameter of the buried pole portion.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: when the rotating mechanism is set at the top of the support structure, the maximum rotation angle of the utility pole is less than 90 degrees, and the diameter of the buried hole is greater than the diameter of the utility pole.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: in step 3, the bottom surface of the buried rod hole is reinforced, and the reinforcement method includes, but is not limited to, backfilling or pouring concrete, one or both.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: in step 6, the number of traction ropes installed at the front end of the utility pole is no less than three.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: the limiting structure in step 7 is selected as a strip-shaped encircling limiting structure, and the release process is continuous. Specifically, it can be a rope or metal belt for traction release.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the support structure is a plate structure, which is a composite shape of single plate or multiple plates spliced ​​together, and satisfies that the support structure presents a linear shape of plate thickness from a bird's-eye view.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a pad is provided on the inclined or curved surface of the tank.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The pole is rotated using the right-angled end as the apex, taking advantage of the high wind resistance and deep burial depth of mountainous terrain. It is fixed by rotating around the right-angled apex as a pivot point. A bottom-mounted plate support is used to facilitate transportation and installation while preventing collapse of the right-angled end under stress. The grooving process is optimized to achieve the required flipping and positioning, reducing or even eliminating the problem of soil backflow into the hole and minimizing the displacement of the pole. This method is even more effective for tapered poles. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the hole-making and slotting process for a construction method of erecting utility poles in mountainous areas; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the pressure lifting and traction processes in a construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hole-drilling method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of support and slotted support in a construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support sliding mechanism; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the groove for the support sliding mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Please see Figures 1-4 This embodiment employs a sloping groove and straight edge fulcrum support type rotation, with the sloping edge serving as both a pressure zone and a flipping clearance zone, achieving flipping and downward feeding into the fixed hole. This method features reduced pushing distance of the rod and convenient operation. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Drill holes at the locations where the utility poles will be installed, with a hole diameter no smaller than that of the utility pole, and insert a hole sleeve into the holes. Step 2: Drive a support structure into the ground from one side of the rod hole. The width of the support structure is greater than the diameter of the rod hole. Step 3: With the support structure as a vertical wall, along the line connecting the midpoint of the support structure and the buried rod hole, make an inclined groove or arc groove away from the support structure. The groove depth is less than the buried rod hole depth, the groove width is less than the support structure width, and then remove the hole sleeve.

[0023] In this embodiment, the operating principle of steps 1-3 is as follows: Transport personnel deliver the utility poles to the installation area and use a portable drilling machine to drill holes at the designated locations. Since the depth of the holes varies depending on the pole size, it is generally between one-eighth and one-fifth of the pole length. Depending on the terrain, the depth can be appropriately increased within the above standard. However, in mountainous terrain, there are fewer obstacles and the utility poles are subject to greater wind force, so the depth of the holes needs to be increased, which facilitates this technical solution.

[0024] After drilling the anchor hole, insert the hole sleeve into the hole. Because the depth of the inclined groove is less than the depth of the anchor hole, loose soil is prevented from entering the anchor hole. The hole sleeve is also easy to carry, making it convenient for outdoor personnel to operate. Modular hole sleeves can be selected for even easier transport.

[0025] After the bushing is inserted, a support structure is inserted to one side of the buried rod hole. The support structure is a plate-type structure, which is a composite shape consisting of single or multiple plates, and it must appear as a linear shape of the plate thickness from a bird's-eye view. Therefore, the support structure is a plate body. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 The bottom of the plate can be equipped with a sharp soil-breaking tip. The plate can be inserted into one side of the hole for the buried pole using a hammer or other pressure tool. The plate is shorter in length than X-shaped brackets or other supports, making it easier to carry.

[0026] The width of the plate structure must be greater than the width of the buried rod hole and the trench. Therefore, after the trench is opened, part of the plate structure will be exposed, and the two sides of the plate structure will still be buried in the soil to play a role in fixing it.

[0027] After the plate structure is inserted, a trench is dug, with the trench depth lower than the depth of the buried rod hole. Once the trenching process is complete, the soil is cleaned and the hole sleeve is removed to enable subsequent operations.

[0028] Please see Figure 2 The trough can have a sloping or curved surface. The purpose of the sloping or curved surface is to allow the tail of the utility pole to rotate and make way.

[0029] The core of this technical solution is to use the right-angled end as the vertex for rotation, taking advantage of the high wind resistance and long burial depth characteristics of mountainous terrain, and using the right-angled apex as a pivot point for rotational fixation. However, if the right-angled end is not treated, the soil at the right-angled end will deform, shift, and collapse; therefore, a support structure is set up. The support structure is mainly a plate-type support structure, which is easier to insert into the soil. The pole rotates supported by the plate structure, and the strength of the plate structure itself resists the force exerted on it by the rotation of the pole. The molecular connection of the plate structure is tighter than that of the soil and is not easy to loosen, thus achieving stable rotational support for the pole.

[0030] In this embodiment, to optimize the operation of rotating and lifting the rod, the following improvements are made: Step 4: The utility pole is placed horizontally on the ground, with the supporting structure as the dividing line. The end of the utility pole is located above the groove, and the top of the utility pole is supported by the ground. A clamp and a rotating structure are set on the top surface of the supporting structure, and the clamp fixes the pole. Step 5: A limiting structure is installed between the clamp and the end of the utility pole, with the limiting direction being the axial direction of the utility pole; Step 6: Set a traction rope at the front end of the utility pole, apply gravity to the rear end of the utility pole, rotate the utility pole around the vertex of the right angle side of the inclined groove, and the rear end of the utility pole enters the groove, causing the front end of the utility pole to lift up. Continue to apply pressure to the rear end and pull the front end of the utility pole until the utility pole is vertical. Step 7: Release the limiting structure between the clamp and the end of the utility pole. The utility pole falls into the remaining buried hole. Adjust the direction of the utility pole with the traction rope, and backfill and reinforce the hole and groove.

[0031] The principles behind steps 4-7 are as follows: Because the supporting structure supports the right-angled surface of the trench, and the trench is located below the tail end of the utility pole, with the lower end of the pole suspended in the air, applying pressure to the suspended portion of the pole can lift it. However, a problem arises: during the tilting process, the utility pole may slide down along the supporting structure. Therefore, the structural design needs to be optimized.

[0032] The top of the support structure can be fixed to the lug structure using any fixing method such as welding or bolting. A clamp is installed according to the shape of the pole; the clamp is an openable, enclosing structure that conforms to the shape of the pole's clamping end. The rotating structure uses a plug-in rotating pin to connect the lug to the clamp. The clamp and rotating structure are simple in design, allowing for increased thickness and material strength to meet usage requirements, and are easy to manufacture.

[0033] The pole is moved horizontally to the displacement distance end above the support structure and is easy to move. Lying the pole flat makes it easier to operate. After the pole is moved above the support structure, the installation and fixing work is carried out. After fixing, a limiting structure needs to be set at the clamp and the end of the pole. The purpose is to overcome the problem that the pole will slip due to gravity and the clamp during the gradual lifting of the pole, causing the pole to get stuck on the curved or inclined surface.

[0034] The limiting structure is a strip-shaped encircling type, and the release process is continuous. Specifically, it can be a traction release rope or metal strip. Two holes are symmetrically made on the clamp, and the rope or metal strip is inserted into the two holes. The rope or metal strip surrounds the bottom of the pole, providing support for the pole.

[0035] After the poles are connected, pressure is applied to the overhead end of the pole, causing the tail end to descend and the top end to rise. The pole is then erected by pulling on the top end. During the erection process, the pressure at both the overhead end and the tail end of the pole contributes to its upward movement.

[0036] Because the support structure affects the pole's rotation, the rotating mechanism needs to be spaced apart from the support structure to match the pole's rotation posture with the burial hole. Therefore, when the rotating mechanism is positioned on the side of the support structure closest to the burial hole, the diameter of the burial hole should match the maximum diameter of the buried portion of the pole. After matching, slowly release the rope or metal strip from the limiting mechanism until the pole enters the remaining burial hole below. If the metal strip is flat, it can remain below the pole. To remove it, the metal strip or rope needs to be cut and pulled out by slightly raising the pole.

[0037] When the rotating mechanism is set at the top of the support structure, the maximum rotation angle of the utility pole is less than 90 degrees, and the diameter of the hole for burying the pole is greater than the diameter of the utility pole.

[0038] This structure has low strength requirements for the supporting structure, but the burial hole does not adequately limit the position of the utility pole. Therefore, the rotating mechanism is located at the top of the supporting structure, and the maximum rotation angle of the utility pole is less than 90 degrees. The utility pole needs to enter the hole in a non-vertical position, which creates a certain margin and makes the pole prone to swaying. During this process, the utility pole will slide slightly with the burial hole, resulting in some loosening of the soil, but this is much less than the amount of loosening soil produced by the inclined sliding top pole lifting.

[0039] This method produces even better results when applied to tapered utility poles, as detailed below: A: The tapered pole has a thicker end, greater weight, higher strength, and is easier and less strenuous to flip.

[0040] B: When the tapered utility pole is released into the residual burial hole at an angle of less than 90 degrees, the tapered utility pole descends, and the top of the tapered utility pole is narrower. The tapered utility pole and the clamp create a gap, thereby compensating for the misalignment error between the tapered utility pole and the burial hole.

[0041] C: After the tapered utility pole is engaged with the clamp, the limiting structure makes the tapered utility pole and the clamp fit more tightly.

[0042] However, the following conditions must be met to achieve the construction of tapered utility poles: When the utility pole is tapered, the width of the groove is greater than the diameter of the end of the utility pole.

[0043] When the utility pole is tapered, the shape of the clamp is consistent with the shape of the clamping area of ​​the utility pole and fits together.

[0044] Additional notes: In step 3, the bottom surface of the pole hole is reinforced. Reinforcement methods include, but are not limited to, backfilling and pouring concrete, one or both. Reinforcing the hole increases the stability of the support, and combined with the compaction process, increases the final stability of the pole.

[0045] In step 6, at least three traction ropes should be installed at the front end of the utility pole. This is because the three traction ropes allow for four-way movement of the pole during subsequent compaction and pole posture adjustments.

[0046] The inclined or curved surface of the trough is equipped with a pad.

[0047] If the pole is too heavy for the rotating structure to support, a pad needs to be placed on the inclined or curved surface of the trench. This allows part of the weight to be applied to the pad, which only needs to slide against the front end of the pole, resulting in a small friction area and preventing soil loosening. In this case, most of the weight is applied to the pad, thus guiding the pole into the hole.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Drill holes at the locations where the utility poles will be installed, with a hole diameter no smaller than that of the utility pole, and insert a hole sleeve into the holes. Step 2: Drive a support structure into the ground from one side of the rod hole. The width of the support structure is greater than the diameter of the rod hole. Step 3: With the support structure as a vertical wall, along the line connecting the midpoint of the support structure and the buried rod hole, make an inclined groove or arc groove away from the support structure. The depth of the groove is less than the depth of the buried rod hole, and then remove the hole sleeve. Step 4: The utility pole is placed horizontally on the ground, with the supporting structure as the dividing line. The end of the utility pole is located above the groove, and the top of the utility pole is supported by the ground. A clamp and a rotating structure are set on the top surface of the supporting structure, and the clamp fixes the pole. Step 5: A limiting structure is installed between the clamp and the end of the utility pole, with the limiting direction being the axial direction of the utility pole; Step 6: Set a traction rope at the front end of the utility pole, apply gravity to the rear end of the utility pole, rotate the utility pole around the vertex of the right angle side of the inclined groove, and the rear end of the utility pole enters the groove, causing the front end of the utility pole to lift up. Continue to apply pressure to the rear end and pull the front end of the utility pole until the utility pole is vertical. Step 7: Release the limiting structure between the clamp and the end of the utility pole. The utility pole falls into the remaining buried hole. Adjust the direction of the utility pole with the traction rope, and backfill and reinforce the hole and groove.

2. The construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the utility pole is tapered, the width of the groove is greater than the diameter of the end of the utility pole.

3. The construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the utility pole is tapered, the shape of the clamp is consistent with the shape of the clamping area of ​​the utility pole and fits together.

4. The construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the rotating mechanism is set on the side of the support structure close to the buried pole hole, the diameter of the buried pole hole is matched with the maximum diameter of the buried pole section.

5. The construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the rotating mechanism is set at the top of the support structure, the maximum rotation angle of the utility pole is less than 90 degrees, and the diameter of the hole for burying the pole is greater than the diameter of the utility pole.

6. The construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the bottom surface of the buried rod hole is reinforced. The reinforcement methods include, but are not limited to, backfilling and pouring concrete, one or both.

7. The construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the number of traction ropes installed at the front end of the utility pole shall not be less than three.

8. The construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7, the limiting structure is selected as a strip-shaped encircling limiting structure, and the release process is continuous, specifically by using a traction release rope or metal strip.

9. A construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting structure is a plate structure, which is a composite shape of single or multiple plates spliced ​​together, and satisfies the requirement that the supporting structure presents a linear shape of plate thickness from a bird's-eye view.

10. A construction method for erecting utility poles in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined or curved surface of the trough is equipped with a pad.

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