Large shield tunneling machine retreating sand and water stopping device in nuclear power field

Abstract

The invention discloses a large shield tunneling machine retreating sand and water stopping device in the nuclear power field. The large shield tunneling machine retreating sand and water stopping device comprises a steel sleeve, a steel turning plate, a cord fabric rubber plate, an air bag and a grouting system. The cord fabric rubber plate is arranged on the side, facing the shield tunneling machine, of the steel sleeve in an attached mode. The steel turning plate is hinged to the side, away from the steel sleeve, of the cord fabric rubber plate, and the turning plate angle of the steel turning plate can be adjusted according to different outer diameters of the shield tunneling machine so as to reinforce the cord fabric rubber plate and optimize the fitting degree of the steel turning plate and a shell of the shield tunneling machine. The air bag is embedded in the steel sleeve, one end of the air bag is connected with the air pump, and the air bag can cooperate with the steel turning plate to stop water or serve as an emergency water stopping assembly. The grouting system is fixed into the steel sleeve, one end of the grouting system is connected with polyurethane pressure injection equipment, and polyurethane can be injected in a pressure mode so that the sand stopping and water stopping effect can be enhanced. According to the method, the water stopping effect in the shield rollback process can be effectively achieved, and the process is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunnel construction technology, specifically to a sand and water prevention device for the retreat of large shield machines in the nuclear power field. It is particularly suitable for scenarios in nuclear power projects where large shield machines need to retreat from the tunnel to the launching shaft due to malfunction, preventing groundwater and sand from flowing into the launching shaft through the gap between the shield machine and the tunnel ring. Background Technology

[0002] A nuclear power plant water intake shield tunnel was constructed using the shield tunneling method. The tunnel has an inner diameter of φ6200 and an outer diameter of φ7100, a length of 865m, and uses 1200mm wide segments. The tunnel exit section has a depth of 23m. The shield machine used is a φ7260 composite earth pressure balance shield machine. When the fourth ring of the shield tunnel was assembled and the fifth ring was being assembled (at a depth of 12.3m, the shield tail had passed through the exit ring), the shield machine's cutterhead failed to rotate. After inspecting all systems and components of the shield machine, it still could not rotate. It was suspected that an obstacle in front of the shield machine was causing the malfunction (after the shield machine retreated, it was found that the mixing rod and breast plate were severely worn; further analysis revealed that the obstacle in front of the shield machine caused over-torque and damage to some reducers, ultimately leading to the shield machine stopping and being unable to advance). Reasonable measures should be taken to return the tunnel boring machine to the launching shaft to investigate the cause of the tunnel boring machine malfunction before resuming tunneling operations.

[0003] The tunnel boring machine (TBM) is located above a layer of rubble backfill and has abundant groundwater, making ordinary portal water-stopping systems unsuitable for use during TBM retraction.

[0004] In existing related technologies, such as patent document (CN110374640A, Sand and Water Prevention Device for Tunnel Boring Machine Head Entering the Tunnel): This device is only designed for the "entry" of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) for pipe jacking or shield tunneling. Its core structure consists of a through-wall sleeve, an annular iron plate, a curtain rubber plate, and a rubber flexible tube / airbag. The annular iron plate can only be passively squeezed and fitted to the TBM during entry, and cannot actively adjust its angle according to the change in the outer diameter of the TBM during retreat, which easily leads to wear of the iron plate or an increase in the sealing gap; moreover, there is no emergency grouting system, and when the rubber flexible tube / airbag fails, there is a lack of secondary water-stopping protection, which cannot cope with the high water pressure environment in the nuclear power field; at the same time, its through-wall sleeve is connected to other components by a single weld, which has poor disassembly and assembly flexibility and is not convenient for maintenance and reuse after failure. Patent document (CN117328886A, Two-chamber, three-curtain, rubber airbag shield launching sealing device): This device is used in the "launching" stage of shield tunneling. It achieves sealing through two chambers, three curtains, and rubber airbags. However, it does not consider the dynamic gap changes between the shield machine and the tunnel ring in the "retreating" scenario. Its flap is a fixed hinge structure, which cannot adjust the angle to adapt to the outer diameter deviation of the shield machine during retreat, which can easily cause the curtain rubber plate to tear. Moreover, there is no grouting system as an emergency guarantee. When the airbag pressure is insufficient or damaged, it cannot quickly seal the gap. In addition, its bottom plate stiffening rib design is only suitable for the stress environment of conventional shield launching and cannot withstand the radial pressure of large shield machines in the nuclear power field during retreat, which can easily lead to deformation and failure of the steel box.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies are not designed for the dynamic scenarios of large tunnel boring machines "retreating" in the nuclear power field, high water pressure, and special requirements such as riprap backfill layers. They suffer from poor sealing adaptability, lack of emergency water-stopping mechanisms, and insufficient structural strength. There is an urgent need to invent a device that can provide both water-stopping and emergency water-stopping effects during tunnel boring machine retreat. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the risk of water and sand inrush caused by the gap between the tunnel boring machine and the tunnel ring during the tunnel boring machine's retreat process, and to propose a sand and water prevention device for large tunnel boring machines in the nuclear power field.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a sand-stopping and water-stopping device for large shield tunneling machines in the nuclear power field, comprising a steel casing, a steel flap, a rubber curtain, an airbag, and a grouting system; the rubber curtain is fitted onto the side of the steel casing facing the shield tunneling machine; the steel flap is hinged to the side of the rubber curtain away from the steel casing, and the angle of the steel flap can be adjusted according to the different outer diameters of the shield tunneling machine to strengthen the rubber curtain and optimize the fit between the steel flap and the shield tunneling machine shell; the airbag is embedded inside the steel casing, and one end of the airbag is connected to an air pump, which can work with the steel flap to stop water or serve as an emergency water-stopping component; the grouting system is fixed inside the steel casing, and one end of the grouting system is connected to a polyurethane injection device, which can inject polyurethane to enhance the sand-stopping and water-stopping effect.

[0008] Furthermore, the steel casing is made of steel structure, and the steel casing has bolt holes with a diameter matching that of the through-wall casing of the shield tunneling starting shaft reserved in the circumferential direction. The steel casing is detachably connected to the through-wall casing by bolts and can be reinforced by secondary welding.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle adjustment component includes a hand-operated hoist, a wire rope, and a seamless steel pipe; the seamless steel pipe is welded to the middle of the steel flap, the hand-operated hoist is fixed to the walls on both sides of the shield tunneling starting shaft, one end of the wire rope is connected to the hand-operated hoist, and the other end passes through the seamless steel pipe and is connected to the hand-operated hoist on the other side; by tightening or loosening the wire rope, the steel flap is driven to rotate around the hinge point, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the flap angle.

[0010] Furthermore, the outward turning angle of the steel flap is adapted to the position of the tunnel boring machine and the size of the contact surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the steel sleeve, the rubber sheet, and the steel flap are tightly connected by bolts, which can prevent the bolts from loosening due to the backward vibration of the tunnel boring machine and improve the overall connection stability of the device.

[0012] Furthermore, the grouting system includes a main grouting pipe, grouting branch pipes, and grouting valves; the main grouting pipe is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the steel casing, and the grouting branch pipes are spaced apart on the main grouting pipe and face the gap between the curtain rubber plate and the shield machine shell, so that the polyurethane accurately fills the gap and further enhances the sand-stopping and water-stopping effect.

[0013] Furthermore, the grouting valve is located at the input end of the grouting main pipe, and the grouting valve is a two-way shut-off valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the device can stop water pressure of 0.25MPa to 0.35MPa, thereby playing a role in waterproofing and sand prevention.

[0015] A method for manufacturing and using a large-scale shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the nuclear power field, comprising the following steps: (1) Fabricate steel sleeves according to the dimensions of the pre-reserved through-wall opening in the structure, and install airbags and grouting systems; (2) Weld a seamless steel pipe in the middle of the steel flap plate and use double-headed bolts to connect the steel sleeve to the reserved through-wall hole ring; (3) Install the curtain rubber sheet above the steel sleeve; install the steel flap above the curtain rubber sheet and use bolts to tightly connect the steel sleeve, curtain rubber sheet and steel flap; (4) Fix the hand chain hoist to the walls on both sides of the hole ring, and connect the wire rope to the hand chain hoist on both sides after passing through the seamless steel plate welded on the steel flip plate. (5) Connect the airbag to the air pump and the grouting system to the grouting equipment; (6) After tightening the wire rope to make the steel flap and the rubber sheet of the curtain fit with the tunnel segment, start the tunnel boring machine to retreat; (7) When the tunnel boring machine retracts to the rubber sheet, adjust the outward turning angle of the flap according to the outer diameter of the tunnel boring machine; (8) If water leakage is found during the tunnel boring machine’s retraction process, the airbag is inflated and polyurethane is injected through the grouting system.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (7), the outward turning angle of the flap is adjusted in a timely manner according to the location of the tunnel boring machine and the size of the contact surface.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Adapts to backward scenarios, significantly improving sealing adaptability: By combining the steel flap with the angle adjustment assembly, the flap angle can be adjusted in real time according to the change in the outer diameter when the tunnel boring machine retreats, avoiding the sealing gap problem caused by the fixed flap of the existing device, and can stably adapt to the high water pressure environment of nuclear power plants of 0.25MPa~0.35MPa.

[0018] 2. Multiple emergency water-stopping mechanisms significantly enhance reliability: The system constructs a three-tiered defense system consisting of an optimized steel flap plate and a rubber sheet seal, an airbag emergency seal, and a grouting system emergency seal, thus addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies that lack secondary emergency response. When the optimized steel flap plate and rubber sheet seal fails, the airbag is rapidly inflated, and the grouting system can inject polyurethane for rapid sealing, greatly improving the reliability of water-stopping.

[0019] 3. Flexible assembly and disassembly, facilitating maintenance and reuse: The steel sleeve and the through-wall sleeve adopt a dual connection method of "bolt + welding". The bolt connection facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the device, while welding can enhance stability during construction. The hand-operated hoist and wire rope of the angle adjustment component are detachable structures, which can be quickly replaced after failure, reducing maintenance costs.

[0020] In summary, the shield machine retraction sand and water prevention device of the present invention can solve the problem of external water and sand flowing into the launching shaft through the already generated gaps during the retraction process of the shield machine. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the large shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the field of nuclear power according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back-retreating sand-stopping and water-stopping device for large shield tunneling machines in the field of nuclear power. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides a large shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the field of nuclear power, comprising a steel sleeve 1, a curtain rubber plate 2, a steel flap 3, an airbag 4, a grouting system 5, a double-headed bolt 6, a single-headed bolt 7, a seamless steel pipe 8, a steel wire rope 9, and a hand-operated hoist 10.

[0023] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides a sand-stopping and water-stopping device for the tunnel boring machine during its retreat process. It has a steel sleeve 1 combined with a flap curtain rubber 2 for water-stopping. The steel flap 3 is optimized to enhance the fit between the curtain rubber plate and the steel flap and the outer shell of the tunnel boring machine, effectively stopping sand and water. An airbag and grouting system are installed inside the steel sleeve, which can promptly activate secondary water-stopping when the flap fails.

[0024] The steel flap 3 can adjust the flap angle in a timely manner according to the different outer diameters of the tunnel boring machine, reducing the damage to the water-stopping system during the tunnel boring machine's retraction and improving the sealing performance between the curtain rubber plate 2 and the tunnel boring machine's outer shell.

[0025] Steel sleeve 1 is made of steel structure and has bolt holes with the same diameter as the through sleeve. Steel sleeve 1 can be connected to the through sleeve with bolts and can be reinforced by secondary welding.

[0026] The air bladder 4 inside the steel sleeve 1 can work together with the steel flap 3 to stop water, or it can be used as an emergency water-stopping system.

[0027] The grouting system 5 inside the steel sleeve 1 can inject polyurethane to further enhance the sand-stopping and water-stopping effect of this water-stopping device.

[0028] The steel flap 3, combined with the curtain rubber plate 2, can be adjusted by using steel wire rope 9 and hand chain hoist 10 to avoid affecting the tunnel boring machine's backward movement. On the other hand, it ensures that the outward-folding curtain rubber plate 2 is in close contact with the tunnel boring machine's outer shell, thus stopping water pressure of 0.25MPa~0.35MPa and playing a role in waterproofing and sand prevention.

[0029] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing and using a large-scale shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the field of nuclear power, comprising the following steps: 1) Fabricate steel sleeve 1 according to the size of the pre-reserved through-wall opening in the structure, and install airbag 4 and grouting system 5.

[0030] 2) Weld a seamless steel pipe 8 in the middle of the steel flap.

[0031] 3) Use double-ended bolts 6 to connect the steel sleeve 1 to the reserved through-wall hole ring.

[0032] 4) Install the curtain rubber sheet 2 above the steel sleeve 1.

[0033] 5) Install the steel flap 3 above the curtain rubber plate 2 and use bolts 7 to tightly connect the steel sleeve 1, curtain rubber plate 2 and steel flap 3.

[0034] 6) Fix the hand chain hoist 10 to the walls on both sides of the hole ring, and connect the wire rope 9 to the hand chain hoist on both sides after passing through the seamless steel plate 8 welded on the steel flap 3.

[0035] 7) Connect the airbag 4 to the air pump. Connect the grouting system 5 to the grouting equipment (polyurethane injection equipment).

[0036] 8) After tightening the wire rope 9 to make the steel flap 3 and the curtain rubber plate 2 fit with the tunnel segment, start the tunnel boring machine to retreat.

[0037] 9) When the tunnel boring machine retracts to position 2 of the curtain rubber plate, adjust the outward turning angle of the flap according to the outer diameter of the tunnel boring machine.

[0038] 10) Adjust the outward turning angle of the flap again in a timely manner according to the location of the tunnel boring machine and the size of the contact surface.

[0039] 11) When water leakage is found during the tunnel boring machine’s retraction process, the airbag 4 is inflated and polyurethane is injected through the grouting system 5.

[0040] Application Examples of the Invention This project is a shield tunnel for water intake in a nuclear power plant. During the shield tunneling process, this sand-stopping and water-stopping device is closely fitted with the shield machine to achieve the function of stopping sand and water.

[0041] The above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other shapes and sizes can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all possible embodiments here.

Claims

1. A sand-stopping and water-stopping device for the retreat of large-scale tunnel boring machines in the nuclear power field, characterized in that, The system includes a steel casing, a steel flap, a rubber sheet, an airbag, and a grouting system. The rubber sheet is fitted onto the side of the steel casing facing the tunnel boring machine (TBM). The steel flap is hinged to the side of the rubber sheet away from the steel casing, and its angle can be adjusted according to the different outer diameters of the TBM to enhance the fit between the rubber sheet and the TBM shell. The airbag is embedded inside the steel casing, with one end connected to an air pump, and can work with the steel flap to stop water or serve as an emergency water-stopping component. The grouting system is fixed inside the steel casing, with one end connected to a polyurethane injection device, which can inject polyurethane to enhance the sand-stopping and water-stopping effect.

2. The large-scale shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the nuclear power field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel casing is made of steel structure. The steel casing has bolt holes with a diameter matching that of the through-wall casing of the shield tunneling starting shaft in the circumferential direction. The steel casing is detachably connected to the through-wall casing by bolts and can be reinforced by secondary welding.

3. The large-scale shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the nuclear power field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes an angle adjustment assembly, which comprises a hand-operated hoist, a wire rope, and a seamless steel pipe. The seamless steel pipe is welded to the middle of the steel flap, the hand-operated hoist is fixed to the walls on both sides of the shield tunneling shaft, one end of the wire rope is connected to the hand-operated hoist, and the other end passes through the seamless steel pipe and is connected to the hand-operated hoist on the other side. By tightening or loosening the wire rope, the steel flap is driven to rotate around the hinge point, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the flap angle.

4. The large-scale shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the nuclear power field according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outward turning angle of the steel flap is adapted to the position of the tunnel boring machine and the size of the contact surface.

5. The large-scale shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the nuclear power field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel sleeve, the rubber sheet, and the steel flap are tightly connected by bolts, which can prevent the bolts from loosening due to the backward vibration of the tunnel boring machine and improve the overall connection stability of the device.

6. The large-scale shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the nuclear power field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe, grouting branch pipes, and grouting valves. The main grouting pipe is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the steel casing, and the grouting branch pipes are spaced on the main grouting pipe and face the gap between the curtain rubber plate and the shield machine shell, so that the polyurethane can accurately fill the gap and further enhance the sand-stopping and water-stopping effect.

7. The large shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the nuclear power field according to claim 6, characterized in that, The grouting valve is located at the input end of the grouting main pipe, and the grouting valve is a two-way shut-off valve.

8. The large-scale shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the nuclear power field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device can stop water pressure of 0.25MPa to 0.35MPa, thereby playing a role in waterproofing and sand prevention.

9. A method for manufacturing and using a large-scale shield tunneling machine retreat sand-stopping and water-stopping device in the nuclear power field based on any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Fabricate steel sleeves according to the dimensions of the pre-reserved through-wall opening in the structure, and install airbags and grouting systems; (2) Weld a seamless steel pipe in the middle of the steel flap plate and use double-headed bolts to connect the steel sleeve to the reserved through-wall hole ring; (3) Install the curtain rubber sheet above the steel sleeve; install the steel flap above the curtain rubber sheet and use bolts to tightly connect the steel sleeve, curtain rubber sheet and steel flap; (4) Fix the hand chain hoist to the walls on both sides of the hole ring, and connect the wire rope to the hand chain hoist on both sides after passing through the seamless steel plate welded on the steel flip plate. (5) Connect the airbag to the air pump and the grouting system to the grouting equipment; (6) After tightening the wire rope to make the steel flap and the rubber sheet of the curtain fit with the tunnel segment, start the tunnel boring machine to retreat; (7) When the tunnel boring machine retracts to the rubber sheet, adjust the outward turning angle of the flap according to the outer diameter of the tunnel boring machine; (8) If water leakage is found during the tunnel boring machine’s retraction process, the airbag is inflated and polyurethane is injected through the grouting system.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (7), the outward turning angle of the flap is adjusted in a timely manner according to the location of the tunnel boring machine and the size of the contact surface.

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