A tunnel deformation monitoring device and a monitoring method

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel deformation monitoring device, which comprises four adsorption walking devices, a spherical hinge is connected to the upper side of each adsorption walking device, a plurality of supporting springs are fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the support rod in an annular array, the lower ends of the supporting springs are fixedly connected to the upper side of the adsorption walking device, a guide rail ring is connected to the upper side of the support rod, a sliding seat is slidably connected to the guide rail ring, a range finder is arranged on the sliding seat, the range finder is a laser range finder, and a touch device is arranged on the sliding seat. When one of the adsorption walking devices loses the adsorption effect, the remaining three adsorption walking devices determine a plane as a reference, and the measurement is sequentially monitored, so that the measurement deviation caused by the adsorption effect of the measurement position is reduced, the measurement position can be randomly selected along the tunnel direction, and the total station and a large number of monitoring markers need not be frequently erected and moved, so that the monitoring is convenient and fast.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel deformation monitoring, and particularly relates to a tunnel deformation monitoring device and a monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of railway tunnels in the direction of long, large, deep buried and cross-river, the influence of factors such as variable geological conditions, high ground stress and soft surrounding rock on tunnels and underground engineering is becoming more and more significant, and thus more prone to cause large deformation, rock burst, instability and sudden gushing water (mud) and other accidents, which brings great harm to personnel and equipment safety. Therefore, the tunnel needs to be detected at all times to prevent deformation and eliminate safety hazards. When monitoring and measuring the deformation of the tunnel, the prior art sets a large number of measuring points on the inner wall of the tunnel and uses a total station to monitor and measure. The total station is cumbersome to calibrate, and needs to be frequently moved and erected along the direction of the tunnel, making it inconvenient for monitoring and measuring. There is also a monitoring device in the prior art. This type of monitoring device is equipped with a monitor on a mobile vehicle. The monitor monitors during the movement of the mobile vehicle in the tunnel. This method needs to set a walking vehicle, which affects the construction of other processes in the tunnel. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a tunnel deformation monitoring device.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A tunnel deformation monitoring device includes four adsorption walkers, each of which is connected to a support rod through a spherical hinge on the upper side, a plurality of elastic supports are arranged on the outer periphery of the support rod and the upper surface of the adsorption walker, a guide rail ring is connected to the four support rods, a sliding seat is slidably connected to the guide rail ring, a range finder is arranged on the sliding seat, and a touch device is arranged on the sliding seat. During the movement of the sliding seat along the guide rail ring, the tunnel inner wall is monitored by the range finder. When the touch device passes through any adsorption walker, the touch device can cause the adsorption walker to lose adsorption force. At this time, the adsorption walker is in a non-contact state with the tunnel inner wall. When the touch device leaves the adsorption walker, the adsorption walker can be adsorbed on the tunnel inner wall again.

[0006] Preferably, the guide rail ring is circular in radial projection along the tunnel, and the projection of one side of the guide rail ring is arc-shaped and the radius of the arc-shaped is the same as the radius of the tunnel.

[0007] Preferably, the guide rail ring is made of aluminum alloy hollow material.

[0008] Preferably, the sliding seat is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped rod outside, the arc-shaped rod is slidingly connected with a sliding block, and the range finder is fixedly connected with one side of the sliding block.

[0009] Preferably, the touching device comprises a boom, a limiting plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the boom, the limiting plate is arranged corresponding to the guide rail ring, a limiting groove is arranged on one side of the limiting plate, the limiting groove comprises a rising slope, a horizontal surface and a descending slope, a support plate is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the guide rail ring, a guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, a first spring is fixedly connected between the upper end of the support rod and the hole bottom of the guide hole of the guide sleeve, an inclined rod is fixedly connected to one side of the lower end of the support rod, a roller is rotatably connected to the end head of the inclined rod, and the roller is arranged corresponding to the limiting groove.

[0010] A contact switch is arranged on the upper side of one end of the inclined rod close to the roller, and the contact switch is used for starting or stopping the suction fan of the suction walking device.

[0011] The application further discloses a tunnel deformation monitoring method, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0012] Step one, determining the reference measurement value of the tunnel at the permanent reference point, four suction walking devices are adsorbed on the permanent reference point, the sliding seat moves along the guide rail ring for one round with the range finder, and the measurement value of the range finder at each point in the A-B path, the measurement value of the range finder at each point in the B-C path, the measurement value of the range finder at each point in the C-D path and the measurement value of the range finder at each point in the D-A path are recorded in sequence, and the measurement value change curve L1 of the range finder in the A-B path, the measurement value change curve L2 of the range finder in the B-C path, the measurement value change curve L3 of the range finder in the C-D path and the measurement value change curve L4 of the range finder in the D-A path are drawn in sequence according to the measurement value of the range finder at each point. AB BC CD DA AB BC CD DA as the reference change curve.

[0013] Step two, remotely controlling the four suction walking devices to adsorb and walk in the tunnel, after selecting a measurement position by remote control crawling, the suction walking device stops walking and is adsorbed on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0014] Step three, moving the sliding seat along the guide rail ring, recording the measurement value of the range finder at each point in the A-B path, the measurement value of the range finder at each point in the B-C path, the measurement value of the range finder at each point in the C-D path and the measurement value of the range finder at each point in the D-A path in sequence, and drawing the measurement value change curve L1 of the range finder in the A-B path, the measurement value change curve L2 of the range finder in the B-C path, the measurement value change curve L3 of the range finder in the C-D path and the measurement value change curve L4 of the range finder in the D-A path in sequence according to the measurement value of the range finder at each point. AB ​​​​​​​, B to C path range finder measured value change curve L1 BC , C to D path range finder measured value change curve L1 CD , D to A path range finder measured value change curve L1 DA ;

[0015] Step four, L1 in step three AB , L1 BC , L1 CD , L1 DA With L in step one AB , L BC , L CD , L DA Contrast analysis.

[0016] The advantage of the present application is that the tunnel deformation monitoring device provided by the present application can randomly select monitoring measurement positions along the tunnel trend, without the need to frequently erect, move total station instruments and set a large number of monitoring markers, so that monitoring is convenient and fast.

[0017] The present application monitors by multiple adsorption walkers walking on the side and top of the tunnel inner wall, without occupying the tunnel bottom space, and does not affect the normal progress of other construction procedures in the monitoring process.

[0018] The present application reduces the measurement deviation caused by the adsorption effect of the monitoring measurement position by sequentially losing the adsorption effect of one of the adsorption walkers, and the remaining three adsorption walkers three-point-determine a plane as a reference, and sequentially monitor and measure in this way. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a basic structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a projection schematic diagram along the tunnel trend of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a projection schematic diagram along the tunnel normal direction of the present application, and the arc-shaped rod is located at A;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a local sectional view along the tunnel axial direction of the present application, and the arc-shaped rod is located at B;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the touch device of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a local enlarged view of G in Figure 5

[0025] Figure 7 It is a side view of the touch device of the present application. ​DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0027] As shown in Figures 1 to 7 The tunnel deformation monitoring device provided by the present application comprises four adsorption walkers 1, which are the prior art and have the same principle as the wall-climbing robot, are equipped with a camera, a wireless communication module and other conventional devices, and have an elastic pad cover 11 fixedly connected to the adsorption end of the adsorption walker 1. The adsorption walker 1 is more fully adsorbed and contacted with the tunnel inner wall under the action of the elastic pad cover 11. The upper side of each adsorption walker 1 is connected to a support rod 2 through spherical hinge connection, and a plurality of elastic support members 3 are arranged between the support rod 2 and the adsorption walker 1 and uniformly arranged around the support rod 2. In this embodiment, the elastic support members 3 are support springs, the lower end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the adsorption walker 1, and the upper end of the support spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support rod 2. The upper sides of the four support rods 2 are connected to a guide rail ring 4, the radial projection of the guide rail ring 4 along the tunnel is circular, the lateral projection of the guide rail ring 4 is arc-shaped and has the same radius as the radius of the tunnel, the guide rail ring 4 is made of aluminum alloy and has a hollow structure, high strength and small mass, which facilitates the adsorption and walking of the adsorption walker 1, a sliding seat 5 is slidably connected to the guide rail ring 4, a range finder 9 is arranged on the sliding seat 5, the range finder 9 is an SJ5180 series laser range finder, and a touch device is arranged on the sliding seat 5. During the walking of the sliding seat 5 along the guide rail ring 4, the tunnel inner wall is monitored by the range finder 9, when the touch device passes any adsorption walker 1, the touch device can cause the adsorption walker 1 to lose adsorption force, and when the touch device leaves the adsorption walker 1, the adsorption walker 1 can be adsorbed on the tunnel inner wall again.

[0028] Further, an arc-shaped rod 51 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sliding seat 5, the arc-shaped rod 51 is slidably connected to a sliding block 52, and the range finder 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block 52; the sliding block 52 can move along the arc-shaped rod 51 (the moving mode is the same as that of the sliding seat 5), which is used to increase the range of measurement.

[0029] The touch device comprises a boom 6, the lower end of the boom 6 is fixedly connected with a limiting plate 61, the limiting plate 61 is arranged corresponding to the guide rail ring 4, one side of the limiting plate 61 is provided with a limiting groove 62, the bottom of the limiting groove 62 is provided with a rising slope 63, a horizontal surface 64 and a falling slope 65, the rising slope 63 and the falling slope 65 are respectively arranged on the two sides of the horizontal surface 64, the inner arc surface of the guide rail ring 4 is fixedly connected with a supporting plate 66, the bottom of the supporting plate 66 is fixedly connected with a guide sleeve 67, the upper end of the supporting rod 2 is slidably arranged in the guide hole of the guide sleeve 67, the bottom of the guide hole is fixedly connected with the supporting rod 2 through the first spring 68, one side of the lower end of the supporting rod 2 is fixedly connected with a slope rod 69, the end of the slope rod 69 is rotatably connected with a roller 691, and the roller 691 is arranged corresponding to the limiting groove 62.

[0030] The upper side of one end of the slope rod 69 close to the roller 691 is provided with a contact switch 692, the contact switch 692 is also arranged corresponding to the limiting groove 62, and the contact switch 692 is used for starting or stopping the suction air blower of the suction walking device 1.

[0031] The embodiment also discloses a tunnel deformation monitoring method, and the tunnel deformation monitoring is performed through the following steps.

[0032] Step one, determining the reference measurement value of the tunnel at the permanent reference point, the setting of the permanent reference point (without subsidence or deformation) is prior art, such as Figure 1 , four suction walking devices 1 are adsorbed on the permanent reference point, the sliding seat 5 carries the distance meter 9 and moves along the guide rail ring 4 for one circle, and the measurement value of the distance meter 9 at each point in the A to B path, the measurement value of the distance meter 9 at each point in the B to C path, the measurement value of the distance meter 9 at each point in the C to D path and the measurement value of the distance meter 9 at each point in the D to A path are recorded in sequence, the measurement value change curve L AB of the distance meter 9 in the A to B path, the measurement value change curve L BC of the distance meter 9 in the B to C path, the measurement value change curve L CD of the distance meter 9 in the C to D path and the measurement value change curve L DA of the distance meter 9 in the D to A path are drawn according to the measurement value of the distance meter 9 at each point in sequence, and L AB , L BC , L CD and L DA are taken as reference change curves, the drawing of the change curve is prior art, and can be performed through a corresponding central processing unit, and details are not described herein.

[0033] Step two, remotely controlling the four suction walking devices 1 to adsorb and walk in the tunnel (prior art, wall climbing robot principle, equipped with a camera, a wireless communication module and other conventional devices), after the selected measurement position is selected through remote control and climbing, the suction walking device 1 stops walking and is adsorbed on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0034] Step three, the slide 5, the slider 52 is driven to move through conventional driving device, the driving device is prior art, in the embodiment, one kind of driving mode is simply described as follows: one side of the slide 5 is fixedly connected with driving motor 511, the main shaft of the driving motor 511 is fixedly connected with rubber wheel 512, the rubber wheel 512 is extruded and contacted on the surface of the guide rail ring 4, and the slide 5 is driven to slide along the guide rail ring 4 through friction force.

[0035] Step four, the slide 5 moves along the guide rail ring 4, as shown in Figure 1 The measurement values of the distance meter 9 at each point in the A-B path, the measurement values of the distance meter 9 at each point in the B-C path, the measurement values of the distance meter 9 at each point in the C-D path, and the measurement values of the distance meter 9 at each point in the D-A path are recorded in sequence, and the measurement value change curves L1 of the distance meter 9 in the A-B path, the B-C path, the C-D path and the D-A path are drawn in sequence according to the measurement values of the distance meter 9 at each point. AB BC CD DA .

[0036] Step five, L1 AB , L1 BC , L1 CD , L1 DA and L AB , L BC , L CD , L DA are compared and analyzed, if the consistency of the change curves is the same, it represents that the inner wall of the tunnel does not deform, otherwise it represents that the tunnel has deformed, and the deformation trend of the tunnel can be determined according to the size of the difference between the curves, therefore, the A-B region, the B-C region, the C-D region and the D-A region of the present application can be compared respectively, so as to monitor the deformation condition of a certain place in the tunnel, and the present application can be flexibly adsorbed and walked on the tunnel wall, and each region of the tunnel is monitored, compared with the prior art, the calibration process after moving is not needed, so as to improve the monitoring and measuring efficiency, and in the monitoring process, the monitoring device does not need to occupy the walking space at the bottom of the tunnel, and does not affect the normal construction of other procedures.

[0037] In step five, the slide 5 moves along the guide rail ring 4, and when the distance meter is used to monitor and measure the inner wall of the tunnel, it is assumed that Figure 1 ​​​The deformation at position A is deformed according to the adsorption at the position, but since the adsorption walking device 1 is adsorbed and attached to the tunnel segment, when reaching the unqualified position, the adsorption walking device 1 is adapted to the concave or protruding of the tunnel due to the adsorption, thereby causing the monitoring distance to be inaccurate. Therefore, when measuring the deformation condition of the interval from position A to position B, the adsorption of the adsorption walking device 1 at position A needs to be removed, and the adsorption of the adsorption walking devices 1 at positions B, C and D needs to be kept. The three adsorption walking devices 1 at positions B, C and D determine a plane by three points. If there is deformation at position A, after the adsorption walking device 1 at position A loses the adsorption, since each of the remaining adsorption walking devices 1 is supported by the support spring and the support rail ring 4, the adsorption walking devices 1 at positions B, C and D are adjusted to a standard reference plane formed by the three adsorption walking devices 1 at positions B, C and D by the reset of the support spring, thereby reducing the measurement deviation caused by the adsorption at the monitoring and measuring position. After the subsequent monitoring and measuring of the B to C region, the adsorption walking device 1 at position A is adsorbed again, the influence of the adsorption walking device 1 at position B is removed, and a plane is determined by three points of the adsorption walking devices 1 at positions A, C and D as a reference, and the monitoring and measuring is sequentially performed, thereby reducing the measurement deviation caused by the adsorption at the monitoring and measuring position. Further, the adsorption of the adsorption walking device 1 is removed in the following manner, as shown in Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the adsorption and disengagement of the adsorption walking device 1 is realized by the touching device. When the touching device works, the sliding seat 5 moves along the rail ring 4 and passes the adsorption walking device 1. The roller 691 at the end of the inclined rod 69 is passively entered into the limiting groove 62. The contact switch 692 is closed after touching the inner wall of the limiting groove 62 to stop the air pump of the adsorption walking device 1. The roller 691 is passively lifted on the rising slope 63 of the limiting groove 62. The inclined rod 69 with the support rod 2 compresses the first spring 68 upward, so that the adsorption walking device 1 is lifted as a whole relative to the rail ring 4, thereby removing the adsorption of the adsorption walking device 1. The adsorption walking devices 1 at other positions are used as a support reference to avoid the monitoring and measuring error caused by the adsorption close to the measuring position. Then, the roller 691 rolls to the descending slope 65. The inclined rod 69 with the support rod 2 compresses the first spring 68 downward, so that the adsorption walking device 1 is close to the tunnel wall again. At the same time, the contact switch 692 starts the air pump of the adsorption walking device 1. The adsorption walking device 1 is adsorbed on the tunnel wall again. By sequentially removing the adsorption of one of the adsorption walking devices 1, the remaining three adsorption walking devices 1 determine a plane by three points as a reference, and the monitoring and measuring is sequentially performed, thereby reducing the measurement deviation caused by the adsorption at the monitoring and measuring position. The monitoring and measuring position can be randomly selected along the tunnel direction, without the need to frequently erect and move the total station and set a large number of monitoring markers, thereby monitoring conveniently and quickly.

[0038] Further, when the base monitoring measurement is carried out along the guide rail ring 4, the slider 52 can be moved along the arc-shaped rod 51 (in the same way as the sliding seat 5) for increasing the range of the measurement, as shown in Figure 3 When the arc-shaped rod 51 is at A, the distance value measured by the slider 52 along the arc-shaped rod 51 is constant due to the matching with the tunnel radius, and if the distance value changes, it indicates that the tunnel is deformed at this position, as shown in Figure 4 and 5 When the sliding seat 5 is moved so that the arc-shaped rod 51 is the same as the tunnel, the distance measured by the slider 52 along the arc-shaped rod 51 from E to F is a linearly increasing distance D, which is a standard value, and if the distance changes, it indicates that the tunnel is deformed at this position, thereby expanding the range of the monitoring measurement, so that the local deformation of the tunnel is more easily monitored and measured.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel deformation monitoring device comprising four adsorbed walkers (1), characterized in that: Each adsorption walking device (1) is connected with a support rod (2) through a spherical hinge on the top, a plurality of elastic supports (3) are arranged on the outer periphery of the support rod (2) and the upper surface of the adsorption walking device (1), four support rods (2) are connected with a guide rail ring (4) together, a sliding seat (5) is slidably connected to the guide rail ring (4), a range finder (9) is arranged on the sliding seat (5), a touch device is arranged on the sliding seat (5), and the sliding seat (5) is used for monitoring the inner wall of the tunnel through the range finder (9) during walking along the guide rail ring (4), when the touch device passes through any adsorption walking device, the touch device can make the adsorption walking device lose the adsorption force, and at this time, the adsorption walking device is in a non-contact state with the inner wall of the tunnel, and when the touch device leaves the adsorption walking device, the adsorption walking device can be adsorbed on the inner wall of the tunnel again.

2. The tunnel deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial projection of the guide rail ring (4) along the tunnel is circular, and the projection of one side of the guide rail ring (4) is arc-shaped and has the same radius as the radius of the tunnel.

3. The tunnel deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail ring (4) is made of aluminum alloy and has a hollow structure.

4. The tunnel deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped rod (51) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sliding seat (5), the arc-shaped rod (51) is slidably connected with a sliding block (52), and the range finder (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block (52).

5. The tunnel deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: The touch device comprises a boom (6), the lower end of the boom (6) is fixedly connected with a limiting plate (61), the limiting plate (61) is arranged corresponding to the guide rail ring (4), one side of the limiting plate (61) is provided with a limiting groove (62), the limiting groove (62) comprises a rising slope (63), a horizontal surface (64) and a descending slope (65), an inner arc surface of the guide rail ring (4) is fixedly connected with a support plate (66), the bottom of the support plate (66) is fixedly connected with a guide sleeve (67), a first spring (68) is fixedly connected between the upper end of the support rod (2) and the hole bottom of the guide hole of the guide sleeve (67), one side of the lower end of the support rod (2) is fixedly connected with a slope rod (69), the end of the slope rod (69) is rotatably connected with a roller (691), and the roller (691) is arranged corresponding to the limiting groove (62). A contact switch (692) is arranged on the upper side of one end of the slope rod (69) close to the roller (691), and the contact switch (692) is used for starting or stopping the air suction fan of the adsorption walking device (1).

6. A method of tunnel deformation monitoring, characterized by: The monitoring device is used for monitoring the inner wall of the tunnel, and the specific steps are as follows: Step one, determine the reference measurement value of the tunnel at the permanent reference point, four adsorption walkers (1) adsorbed in the permanent reference point, slide (5) with range finder (9) along the guide rail ring (4) for a week, record the measurement value of the range finder at each point in A to B path, B to C path, C to D path, D to A path in turn, draw the range finder measurement value change curve L in A to B path, B to C path, C to D path, D to A path according to the measurement value of the range finder at each point in turn AB , B to C path range finder measurement value change curve L BC , C to D path range finder measurement value change curve L CD , D to A path range finder measurement value change curve L DA , L AB , L BC , L CD and L DA as the reference change curve; Step 2, remotely control the four adsorption walking devices (1) to adsorb and walk in the tunnel, after selecting a measurement position through remote control crawling, the adsorption walking device (1) stops walking and is adsorbed on the inner wall of the tunnel; Step three, the slide (5) moves along the guide rail ring (4), and the ranging instrument measurement values of each point in the A-B path, the ranging instrument measurement values of each point in the B-C path, the ranging instrument measurement values of each point in the C-D path, and the ranging instrument measurement values of each point in the D-A path are recorded in sequence, and the ranging instrument measurement value change curves L1 of the A-B path, the B-C path, the C-D path and the D-A path are drawn in sequence according to the ranging instrument measurement values of each point. AB , the ranging instrument measurement value change curves L1 of the B-C path BC , the ranging instrument measurement value change curves L1 of the C-D path CD , the ranging instrument measurement value change curves L1 of the D-A path DA ; Step four, L1 in step three AB , L1 BC , L1 CD , L1 DA and L AB , L BC , L CD , L DA Comparative analysis.

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