Farmland soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a farmland soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural environment monitoring. The device comprises a base, a collection box body, an ammonia gas collection chamber, a gas guide assembly and a solar assembly, a wedge-shaped sealing block is arranged at the lower end of the base, and three layers of filtering structures are sequentially arranged in the base from bottom to top and are fixed through an annular clamping groove and a quick release buckle; fixing assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the base, and each fixing assembly is composed of double rods capable of being rotationally stored and a fixing cone; the connecting pipeline and the collecting box body are in sealed connection through the multiple sealing rings and the grooves; a micro fan is arranged in the collection box body and is communicated with an ammonia gas collection chamber through a transmission pipeline, an aspirator pump and a one-way valve, and an absorption bottle filled with acidic absorption liquid is arranged in the collection chamber; a solar assembly on the upper surface of the collection box supplies power to equipment. The device is good in sealing performance, good in filtering effect, stable and convenient to install, capable of automatically supplying power, capable of effectively improving ammonia volatilization collection efficiency and detection accuracy and suitable for monitoring various farmland environments.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of agricultural environment monitoring, in particular to a farmland soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of agricultural production, farmland soil ammonia volatilization is a problem that cannot be ignored. It not only reduces the nitrogen content in the soil, leading to crop yield reduction, but also pollutes the atmospheric environment, causing environmental problems such as acid rain. Accurate detection of farmland soil ammonia volatilization is of great significance for rational fertilization and environmental pollution reduction. However, the existing farmland soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection devices have many defects in actual application. Some devices have low collection efficiency and cannot accurately obtain the ammonia volatilization amount. The sealing performance is poor, and external air is easy to mix into the collection system, affecting the accuracy of the detection result. The installation and fixation are not convenient, and the stability is poor in complex farmland environment. Moreover, most of them rely on external power supply, which limits their use in remote farmland areas. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a farmland soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device that is efficient, accurate, convenient and energy-saving. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a farmland soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device, which improves the ammonia volatilization collection efficiency and detection accuracy, enhances the installation stability and use convenience of the device, and realizes self-powered supply to expand the use range.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a farmland soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device, which comprises a base, a fixed structure is arranged on the outer surface of the base, a collection box is arranged above the base, the upper surface of the base is communicated with the collection box through a connecting pipeline, an ammonia gas collection chamber is arranged on the outer surface of the collection box, the ammonia gas collection chamber is connected with the collection box through a gas guiding assembly, and a solar energy assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the collection box.

[0005] Preferably, the base is in a rectangular structure, a rectangular first opening is arranged at the lower end of the base, a wedge-shaped sealing block is embedded at the edge of the first opening, the sealing block is made of corrosion-resistant rubber material, a circular second opening is arranged at the upper end of the base, and the second opening is integrally and sealingly connected with the lower end of the connecting pipeline.

[0006] Preferably, the inside of the base is sequentially provided with a first filter layer, a second filter layer and a third filter layer from bottom to top. The first filter layer is a metal filter screen for blocking soil particles and plant residues from entering the collection box. The second filter layer is a non-woven fabric filter cloth for intercepting fine soil particles, dust and suspended impurities to prevent fine dust from entering the collection box. The third filter layer is a waterproof and breathable membrane, which prevents water vapor in the soil from entering the collection box; The first filter layer, the second filter layer and the third filter layer are fixed to the inner wall of the base through annular clamping grooves, and the edges of the clamping grooves are provided with quick-release buckles.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing structure comprises a plurality of groups of fixing assemblies symmetrically arranged on the outer side surface of the base. Each group of fixing assemblies comprises a first rotating rod and a second rotating rod. The first rotating rod is arranged in a first groove opened on the outer surface of the base. The outer surface of the first rotating rod is provided with a protrusion. The upper end of the first rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the first groove through a rotating shaft. The second rotating rod is arranged in a second groove opened on the surface of the first rotating rod. One end of the second rotating rod is connected to the lower end of the first rotating rod through a rotating shaft. The other end of the second rotating rod is provided with a fixing cone.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the connecting pipeline is provided with a first sealing ring. The lower surface of the collection box is provided with a second sealing ring protruding. The radius of the second sealing ring is greater than that of the first sealing ring. The upper surface of the base is provided with a second sealing groove corresponding to the second sealing ring. The protruding height of the second sealing ring is less than the height of the connecting pipeline. The lower surface of the collection box is provided with a third opening and a first sealing groove. The first sealing groove and the third opening are coaxially arranged in a circular shape. The radius of the third opening is less than that of the first sealing groove. The first sealing groove and the first sealing ring are adapted to form a sealing fit. The third opening is in communication with the upper end opening of the connecting pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, the gas guiding assembly comprises a micro fan, a transmission pipeline, a suction pump and a gas check valve. The micro fan is arranged in the collection box for fully mixing the ammonia gas in the collection box. One end of the transmission pipeline is in communication with the inside of the collection box through the gas check valve. The other end of the transmission pipeline is in communication with the inside of the ammonia gas collection chamber through the suction pump.

[0010] Preferably, the solar energy assembly comprises a solar panel, a base, a support frame, a first connecting shaft and a second connecting shaft. The lower surface of the base is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the collection box. The upper surface of the base is rotatably connected to the first connecting shaft. The lower end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft and rotates with the first connecting shaft. The upper end of the support frame is rotatably connected to the second connecting shaft. The lower surface of the solar panel is fixedly connected to the second connecting shaft. The first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft are arranged in parallel. By rotating the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft, the angle of the solar panel in the horizontal and pitch directions can be adjusted.

[0011] Preferably, the ammonia collection chamber is provided with an ammonia absorption bottle containing an acidic absorption solution, which is dilute H2SO4 or boric acid solution.

[0012] Preferably, an observation window is formed on the side of the collection box, which is made of double-layered tempered glass and filled with inert gas to prevent internal fogging from affecting observation.

[0013] Therefore, the agricultural soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device has the following technical effects: (1) Excellent sealing performance: the wedge-shaped sealing block at the lower end of the base is made of corrosion-resistant rubber material, which can effectively insert into the ground to prevent external air from entering; the connection pipeline and the collection box are matched through multiple sealing rings and sealing grooves, which further enhances the sealing performance of the device, reduces the interference of external air on the detection result, and improves the detection accuracy; (2) Good filtering effect: three layers of filter layers are arranged in the base to block soil particles, fine soil dust and water vapor, so that impurities are prevented from entering the collection box and affecting ammonia detection, and the filter structure is fixed by quick-release buckles, which is convenient for disassembly, replacement and cleaning; (3) Convenient and stable installation and fixation: the fixing structure adopts a rotary double-bar design, which can be stored in the groove when not in use, saving space; when in use, the fixing cone is inserted into the ground through the rotary rod, which can adapt to different farmland topography and ensure the stability of the device; (4) Efficient ammonia collection: the micro fan in the collection box can fully mix the ammonia, and the air suction pump and the one-way valve in the gas guiding assembly can efficiently guide the ammonia into the ammonia collection chamber, fully react with the acidic absorption liquid, and improve the ammonia collection efficiency; (5) The solar component adjusts the angle of the solar panel in the horizontal and pitch directions through the connecting shaft, maximizes the absorption of solar energy, and provides continuous energy for the micro fan and the air suction pump, eliminating the dependence on external power supply and being suitable for remote farmland areas.

[0014] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of an agricultural soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device of the present application; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the base of the agricultural soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device of the present application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the fixing assembly of the agricultural soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device of the present application; Figure 4 is a top view of the base of the agricultural soil ammonia volatilization collection and detection device of the present application; Figure 5 is the bottom view of the base of the ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil of the present application; Figure 6 is the sectional view of the collection box of the ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil of the present application; Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the ammonia gas collection chamber and the gas guiding assembly of the ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil of the present application; Figure 8 is the structural schematic diagram of the solar assembly of the ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil of the present application.

[0016] Reference signs 1, base; 11, first opening; 111, sealing block; 12, second opening; 13, first groove; 14, second sealing groove; 2, fixed structure; 21, fixed assembly; 211, first rotating rod; 212, second rotating rod; 213, protruding block; 214, fixed cone; 215, second groove; 3, connecting pipeline; 31, first sealing ring; 4, collection box; 41, second sealing ring; 42, first sealing groove; 43, third opening; 44, observation window; 5, ammonia gas collection chamber; 6, gas guiding assembly; 61, micro fan; 62, transmission pipeline; 63, air suction pump; 64, gas one-way valve; 7, solar assembly; 71, solar panel; 72, base; 73, support frame; 74, first connecting shaft; 75, second connecting shaft; 8, first filter layer; 9, second filter layer; 10, third filter layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions of the present application are further described below by means of the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application shall be understood as having the usual meaning as understood by a person with ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms "first", "second" and similar words used in the present application do not represent any order, number or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms "include" or "contain" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the words cover the elements or objects listed after the words and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms "connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, which may change accordingly when the absolute positions of the described objects change.

[0019] As Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, a kind of agricultural field soil ammonia volatilization collection detection device, including base 1, base 1 is rectangular structure, its lower end is equipped with rectangular first opening 11, first opening 11 edge is embedded wedge-shaped sealing block 111, sealing block 111 uses corrosion-resistant rubber material, when device installation, sealing block 111 is inserted into ground, can effectively prevent external air to enter the inside of base 1.The upper end of base 1 is equipped with circular second opening 12, and the lower end of connecting pipeline 3 is integrally connected to form a sealed connection, which enhances the sealing of the connection.

[0020] As Figure 2 Shown, the inside of base 1 is sequentially provided with first filter layer 8, second filter layer 9 and third filter layer 10 from bottom to top.The first filter layer 8 is a metal filter screen for blocking larger impurities such as soil particles and plant residues from entering the collection box 4;The second filter layer 9 is a non-woven filter cloth that can intercept fine soil particles, dust and suspended impurities;The third filter layer 10 is a waterproof and breathable membrane that can block water vapor in the soil from entering the collection box 4.These filter layers are fixed to the inner wall of the base 1 by annular clamping grooves, and quick-release buckles are provided on the edges of the clamping grooves.When it is necessary to clean or replace the filter layer, the filter layer can be easily removed by opening the quick-release buckle.The quick-release buckle and the clamping groove heart cooperate with each other as prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0021] As Figure 3 Shown, the fixed structure 2 includes four groups of fixing assemblies 21 arranged on the outer surface of the base 1, and each group of fixing assemblies 21 includes a first rotating rod 211 and a second rotating rod 212.The first rotating rod 211 is arranged in the first recess 13 formed on the outer surface of the base 1, and the upper end of the first rotating rod 211 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the first recess 13;The second rotating rod 212 is arranged in the second recess 215 formed on the surface of the first rotating rod 211, and one end of the second rotating rod 212 is connected to the lower end of the first rotating rod 211 by a rotating shaft, and the other end of the second rotating rod 212 is provided with a fixing cone 214.In the installation of the device, press the protrusion 213 on the surface of the first rotating rod 211, rotate the first rotating rod 211 outward from the inside of the first recess 13, then rotate the second rotating rod 212 out of the second recess 215, so that the fixing cone 214 is inserted into the ground, thereby firmly fixing the base 1.When not in use, the second rotating rod 212 can be retracted into the second recess 215, and the first rotating rod 211 can be retracted into the first recess 13, thereby saving space.

[0022] As Figure 4 to Figure 5As shown, the upper end opening surface of the connecting pipe 3 is provided with a first sealing ring 31, the lower surface of the collection box 4 is provided with a second sealing ring 41 protruding, the radius of the second sealing ring 41 is greater than that of the first sealing ring 31, the upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a second sealing groove 14 corresponding to the second sealing ring 41, and the protruding height of the second sealing ring 41 is less than the height of the connecting pipe 3. The lower surface of the collection box 4 is provided with a third opening 43 and a first sealing groove 42, the first sealing groove 42 and the third opening 43 are coaxially arranged in a circular shape, and the radius of the third opening 43 is less than that of the first sealing groove 42. The first sealing groove 42 and the first sealing ring 31 form a sealing fit, and the third opening 43 is in communication with the upper end opening of the connecting pipe 3. Through the cooperation of the second sealing ring 41 and the second sealing groove 14, and the first sealing ring 31 and the first sealing groove 42, good sealing between the connecting pipe 3 and the collection box 4 is ensured to prevent ammonia gas leakage. The second sealing ring 41 and the second sealing groove 14, and the first sealing ring 31 and the first sealing groove 42 can be connected in a magnetic attraction mode to strengthen the connection strength of the collection box 4 and the base 1.

[0023] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 to Figure 7 The outer surface of the collection box 4 is provided with an ammonia gas collection chamber 5, and the ammonia gas collection chamber 5 is provided with an ammonia gas absorption bottle containing acidic absorption liquid. The acidic absorption liquid can be selected from dilute H2SO4 or boric acid solution. The ammonia gas collection chamber 5 is connected with the collection box 4 through a gas guiding assembly 6, and the gas guiding assembly 6 includes a micro fan 61, a transmission pipe 62, a suction pump 63, and a gas one-way valve 64. The micro fan 61 is arranged inside the collection box 4 and can fully mix the ammonia gas in the collection box 4 after being started. One end of the transmission pipe 62 is in communication with the inside of the collection box 4 through the gas one-way valve 64, and the other end is in communication with the inside of the ammonia gas collection chamber 5 through the suction pump 63. The gas one-way valve 64 can prevent ammonia gas from flowing back.

[0024] As shown in the figure, Figure 8 The upper surface of the collection box 4 is provided with a solar energy assembly 7, and the solar energy assembly 7 includes a solar panel 71, a base 72, a support frame 73, a first connecting shaft 74, and a second connecting shaft 75. The lower surface of the base 72 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the collection box 4, the upper end of the base 72 is rotatably connected with the first connecting shaft 74, and the lower end of the support frame 73 is fixedly connected with the first connecting shaft 74 and can rotate with the first connecting shaft 74. The upper end of the support frame 73 is rotatably connected with the second connecting shaft 75, and the lower surface of the solar panel 71 is fixedly connected with the second connecting shaft 75. By rotating the first connecting shaft 74 and the second connecting shaft 75, the angle of the solar panel 71 in the horizontal and pitch directions can be adjusted to maximize the reception of solar energy, and the electric energy collected by the solar panel 71 provides power for the micro fan 61.

[0025] The collecting box 4 can be set as a square box or a round box according to requirements, and an observation window 44 is arranged on the side surface of the collecting box 4, the observation window 44 is filled with inert gas and is made of double-layer tempered glass, so that the inside of the collecting box 4 can be effectively prevented from being foggy, and the inside of the collecting box 4 can be conveniently observed.

[0026] Working principle: The base 1 is placed at a target measurement position, the sealing block 111 on the lower surface of the base 1 is inserted into the ground to prevent external air from entering, then the convex block 213 on the surface of the first rotating rod 211 is pressed, the first rotating rod 211 is rotated outward from the inside of the first groove 13 on the surface of the base 1, the second rotating rod 212 is rotated outward from the second groove 215 in the first rotating rod 211, the fixed cone 214 at the upper end of the second rotating rod 212 is inserted into the ground, and the base 1 is fixed firmly.

[0027] After ammonia gas in the farmland soil is volatilized from the ground, the ammonia gas is filtered by the first filter layer 8, the second filter layer 9 and the third filter layer 10 in the base 1, and then enters the connecting pipeline 3, and then enters the collecting box 4 through the connecting pipeline 3. The micro fan 61 is started, the ammonia gas in the collecting box 4 is fully mixed, then the suction pump 63 is started, under the action of the suction pump 63, the ammonia gas enters the ammonia gas collecting chamber 5 through the gas one-way valve 64 and the transmission pipeline 62, and the chemical reaction between the acid absorption liquid in the ammonia gas collecting bottle and the ammonia gas is utilized: The ammonia gas in the gas is fixed as ammonium salt, physical capture is realized, the content of the ammonium salt in the absorption liquid in a certain time is determined, the ammonia volatilization flux per unit area and per unit time is calculated in combination with the covering area of the box and the collection time, and the result accuracy is optimized in combination with the environmental monitoring data. In the whole process, the solar module 7 continuously provides energy for the micro fan 61.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit it, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for collecting and detecting ammonia volatilization in farmland soil, characterized in that: The device includes a base with a fixed structure on its outer surface, a collection box on top of the base, the upper surface of the base being connected to the collection box via a connecting pipe, an ammonia collection chamber on the outer surface of the collection box, the ammonia collection chamber being connected to the collection box via a gas guiding component, and a solar panel on the upper surface of the collection box.

2. The ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base has a rectangular structure, and a rectangular first opening is provided at the lower end of the base. A wedge-shaped sealing block is embedded at the edge of the first opening. The sealing block is made of corrosion-resistant rubber. A circular second opening is provided at the upper end of the base. The second opening forms an integral sealed connection with the lower end of the connecting pipe.

3. The ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base has a first filter layer, a second filter layer, and a third filter layer arranged from bottom to top inside; The first filter layer is a metal mesh, used to block soil particles and plant residues from entering the collection box; The second filter layer is a non-woven filter cloth, which is used to intercept fine soil particles, dust and suspended impurities to prevent fine dust from entering the collection box; The third filter layer is a waterproof and breathable membrane that prevents water vapor in the soil from entering the collection box. The first filter layer, the second filter layer, and the third filter layer are fixed to the inner wall of the base by an annular slot, and the edge of the slot is provided with a quick-release buckle.

4. The ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing structure includes several sets of fixing components symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the base. Each set of fixing components includes a first rotating rod and a second rotating rod. The first rotating rod is located inside a first groove on the outer surface of the base. The outer surface of the first rotating rod is provided with a protrusion. The upper end of the first rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the first groove through a rotating shaft. The second rotating rod is located inside a second groove on the surface of the first rotating rod. One end of the second rotating rod is connected to the lower end of the first rotating rod through a rotating shaft. The other end of the second rotating rod is provided with a fixing cone.

5. The ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper opening surface of the connecting pipe is provided with a first sealing ring; the lower surface of the collection box is provided with a raised second sealing ring, the radius of which is larger than that of the first sealing ring; the upper surface of the base is provided with a second sealing groove corresponding to the second sealing ring, the protrusion height of which is smaller than that of the connecting pipe; the lower surface of the collection box is provided with a third opening and a first sealing groove, the first sealing groove and the third opening are coaxially arranged circles, and the radius of the third opening is smaller than that of the first sealing groove. The first sealing groove and the first sealing ring are adapted to form a sealing fit, and the third opening is correspondingly connected to the upper opening of the connecting pipe.

6. The ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas guiding component includes a miniature fan, a transmission pipe, a suction pump, and a gas one-way valve. The miniature fan is located inside the collection box and is used to fully mix the ammonia gas inside the collection box. One end of the transmission pipe is connected to the inside of the collection box through the gas one-way valve, and the other end is connected to the inside of the ammonia gas collection chamber through the suction pump.

7. The ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The solar module includes a solar panel, a base, a support frame, a first connecting shaft, and a second connecting shaft. The lower surface of the base is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the collection box, and the upper surface of the base is rotatably connected to the first connecting shaft. The lower end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft and rotates with the first connecting shaft. The upper end of the support frame is rotatably connected to the second connecting shaft. The lower surface of the solar panel is fixedly connected to the second connecting shaft. The first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft are arranged parallel to each other. By rotating the first connecting shaft and the second connecting shaft, the angle of the solar panel in the horizontal and vertical directions can be adjusted.

8. The ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ammonia collection chamber is equipped with an ammonia absorption bottle containing an acidic absorbent liquid, which is a dilute H2SO4 or boric acid solution.

9. The ammonia volatilization collection and detection device for farmland soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: An observation window is provided on the side of the collection box. The observation window is made of double-layered tempered glass and filled with inert gas to prevent fogging inside from affecting observation.

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