Gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of partial discharge detection, and discloses a gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor, which comprises an optical window used for transmitting ultraviolet light; the gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor is used for detecting an ultraviolet signal when the power equipment is subjected to partial discharge; the infrared temperature sensor is used for detecting the hot spot temperature when the power equipment is subjected to partial discharge; the environment temperature sensor is used for detecting the environment temperature of the environment where the power equipment is located; the environment humidity sensor is used for detecting the environment humidity of the environment where the power equipment is located; the environment pressure sensor is used for detecting the environment pressure of the environment where the power equipment is located; and the embedded signal processor is configured to perform multi-source space-time fusion processing on the ultraviolet signal, the hot spot temperature, the environment temperature, the environment humidity and the environment pressure so as to obtain a partial discharge risk index of the power equipment, and give an alarm according to the partial discharge risk index. The size of the sensor is obviously reduced, and the detection accuracy is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of partial discharge detection, and particularly relates to a gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Partial discharge monitoring is a key technology for evaluating the operating state of high-voltage power equipment, and is of great significance for preventing equipment failure and ensuring the stable operation of the power system. At present, the partial discharge monitoring methods mainly include electromagnetic wave method, ultrasonic wave method and ultraviolet light detection method. Among them, the partial discharge monitoring method usually relies on a single physical quantity, such as ultraviolet light, ultrasonic wave or electromagnetic wave. This single signal source monitoring method is easily affected by environmental interference, resulting in false positives or false negatives. For example, although the ultraviolet light monitoring is sensitive to partial discharge signals, it may be affected by external light sources such as sunlight, thereby reducing the accuracy of detection and affecting the reliability of the monitoring results. SUMMARY The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, the first object of the present application is to propose a gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor, which can significantly reduce the volume of the sensor, facilitate installation and maintenance, and improve the accuracy and reliability of detection, thereby improving the accuracy of the alarm.

[0003] In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present application provides a gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor, comprising: an optical window for transmitting ultraviolet light; a gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor for detecting an ultraviolet signal when a partial discharge occurs in an electrical equipment; an infrared temperature sensor for detecting a hot spot temperature when the partial discharge occurs in the electrical equipment; an ambient temperature sensor for detecting an ambient temperature of an environment in which the electrical equipment is located; an ambient humidity sensor for detecting an ambient humidity of the environment in which the electrical equipment is located; an ambient pressure sensor for detecting an ambient pressure of the environment in which the electrical equipment is located; and an embedded signal processor connected to the gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor, the infrared temperature sensor, the ambient temperature sensor, the ambient humidity sensor and the ambient pressure sensor, wherein the embedded signal processor is configured to perform multi-source space-time fusion processing on the ultraviolet signal, the hot spot temperature, the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity and the ambient pressure to obtain a partial discharge risk index of the electrical equipment, and to perform an alarm according to the partial discharge risk index. Through the fusion processing of the multi-source space-time signals, the accuracy of the ultraviolet partial discharge detection is enhanced and the false alarm rate is reduced. For example, different wavelength infrared radiation intensities are introduced to distinguish the ultraviolet partial discharge hot spot from the normal heating, and the heating condition data of the detected equipment is associated and coupled with the ambient temperature, humidity and the like. For another example, the gain of the ultraviolet sensor needs to be increased in a high humidity environment, and the amplitude of the gain increase is associated and coupled with the ambient temperature and the like. In a high altitude area, due to the decrease of air density, the insulation performance decreases, and the ultraviolet partial discharge occurs more frequently. Through the joint action of the ambient pressure sensor, the ambient temperature sensor and the ambient humidity sensor, the application scene of the equipment is automatically judged, and the ultraviolet partial discharge risk coefficient is correspondingly increased.

[0004] The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to the embodiment of the present application integrates multiple sensors, and the embedded signal processor performs multi-source space-time fusion processing on the ultraviolet signal, the hot spot temperature, the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity and the ambient pressure to obtain a partial discharge risk index of the electrical equipment, and performs an alarm according to the partial discharge risk index. The highly integrated hardware level synchronous acquisition module performs high-speed fusion processing of the signals of multiple sensors on one circuit board, ensures that the timestamp error of the multiple sensor data is less than 0.1 ms, and solves the space-time asynchronous problem.

[0005] In addition, the highly integrated hardware level synchronous acquisition can significantly reduce the volume of the sensor, facilitate installation and maintenance, and improve the accuracy and reliability of detection, thereby improving the accuracy of the alarm.

[0006] In addition, the gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to the above embodiment of the present application can further include the following additional technical features: According to one embodiment of the present application, the embedded signal processor is further configured to perform the multi-source spatio-temporal fusion processing by the following formula:

[0007] wherein, represents an ultraviolet signal intensity obtained according to the ultraviolet signal, represents a multi-environment coupling parameter obtained according to the environmental humidity, the environmental pressure and the environmental temperature, represents an infrared thermodynamic parameter obtained according to the infrared temperature and the environmental temperature, represents a convolution kernel parameter, represents a multi-source spatio-temporal fusion parameter.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present application, the embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the ultraviolet signal intensity by the following formula:

[0009] wherein, represents the ultraviolet signal intensity, represents a continuous discharge weight, represents a pulse discharge weight, represents a background noise threshold, represents a light intensity saturation coefficient, represents an average voltage of the ultraviolet signal, represents a peak voltage of the ultraviolet signal.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present application, the embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the multi-environment coupling parameter by the following formula:

[0011] wherein, represents a humidity sensitive factor, represents an environmental humidity, represents a reference humidity, represents a temperature offset coefficient, represents an optimal working condition temperature, represents an environmental temperature, represents an air pressure index coefficient, represents a standard atmospheric pressure, represents an environmental pressure, represents the multi-environment coupling parameter.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present application, the embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the infrared thermodynamic parameter by the following formula:

[0013] wherein, represents a temperature rise steepness coefficient, represents a temperature difference between the infrared temperature and the ambient temperature, represents a critical temperature rise, represents an infrared thermodynamic parameter.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present application, the embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the partial discharge risk index by the following formula: ; wherein, represents the partial discharge risk index, represents a dimension conversion coefficient, represents a risk gain coefficient, represents the multi-source space-time fusion parameter.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present application, the alarm according to the partial discharge risk index comprises: determining that the power equipment is in a normal operation state when the partial discharge risk index is less than a first preset index; performing a first-level alarm when the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the first preset index and less than a second preset index; performing a second-level alarm when the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the second preset index and less than a third preset index; and performing a third-level alarm when the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the third preset index.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present application, the light-transmitting surface of the optical window is in a circular or rectangular structure.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present application, the optical window adopts a quartz glass material, and the ultraviolet light transmittance of the optical window is greater than 80%.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present application, further comprising: a wireless communication module, configured to realize remote real-time data monitoring through a wireless communication mode.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be made apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a block schematic diagram of a gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a block schematic diagram of a gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0022] A gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 , the gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor 100 includes an optical window 10, a gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor 20, an infrared temperature sensor 30, an ambient temperature sensor 40, an ambient humidity sensor 50, an ambient pressure sensor 60, and an embedded signal processor 70.

[0025] The optical window 10 is used to transmit ultraviolet light; the gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor 20 is used to detect an ultraviolet signal when partial discharge occurs in the power equipment; the infrared temperature sensor 30 is used to detect a hot spot temperature when partial discharge occurs in the power equipment; the ambient temperature sensor 40 is used to detect an ambient temperature of an environment in which the power equipment is located; the ambient humidity sensor 50 is used to detect an ambient humidity of the environment in which the power equipment is located; the ambient pressure sensor 60 is used to detect an ambient pressure of the environment in which the power equipment is located; and the embedded signal processor 70 is connected to the gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor 20, the infrared temperature sensor 30, the ambient temperature sensor 40, the ambient humidity sensor 50, and the ambient pressure sensor 60, respectively. The embedded signal processor 70 is configured to perform multi-source spatiotemporal fusion processing on the ultraviolet signal, the hot spot temperature, the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, and the ambient pressure to obtain a partial discharge risk index of the power equipment, and to perform alarm according to the partial discharge risk index.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the ultraviolet signal is obtained by the gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor, the ultraviolet signal intensity can be obtained according to the following formula:

[0027] wherein, the ultraviolet signal intensity is represented by I, a continuous discharge weight is represented by Wc, a pulse discharge weight is represented by Wp, a background noise threshold is represented by Th, a light intensity saturation coefficient is represented by K, an average voltage of the ultraviolet signal is represented by V, This represents the peak voltage of the ultraviolet signal.

[0028] After obtaining the ambient temperature through an ambient temperature sensor, the ambient humidity through an ambient humidity sensor, and the ambient pressure through an ambient pressure sensor, the multi-environment coupling parameters can be obtained using the following formula:

[0029] in, Indicates humidity sensitive factor, Indicates ambient humidity. Indicates the reference humidity. Indicates the temperature offset coefficient. Indicates the optimal operating temperature. Indicates ambient temperature. This represents the barometric pressure index coefficient. Indicates standard atmospheric pressure. Indicating environmental pressure, This represents parameters that are coupled across multiple environments.

[0030] After obtaining the ambient temperature through an ambient temperature sensor and the hotspot temperature through an infrared temperature sensor, the infrared thermodynamic parameters can be obtained using the following formula:

[0031] in, Indicates the coefficient of temperature steepness. This represents the temperature difference between infrared temperature and ambient temperature. Indicates the critical temperature rise. Indicates infrared thermodynamic parameters.

[0032] After obtaining the ultraviolet signal intensity, multi-environment coupling parameters, and infrared thermodynamic parameters, multi-source spatiotemporal fusion processing can be performed using the following formula:

[0033] in, This indicates the intensity of the ultraviolet signal obtained from the ultraviolet signal. This represents multiple environmental coupling parameters obtained based on ambient humidity, ambient pressure, and ambient temperature. This represents the infrared thermodynamic parameters obtained based on infrared temperature and ambient temperature. Represents the convolution kernel parameters. This represents the parameters of multi-source spatiotemporal fusion.

[0034] After obtaining the multi-source spatiotemporal fusion parameters, the partial discharge risk index can be obtained using the following formula: ; in, This indicates the risk index of localized emissions. Indicates the dimension conversion coefficient. This represents the risk gain coefficient. This represents the parameters of multi-source spatiotemporal fusion. The preferred value range is 80 to 120. The value range can preferably be from 1.0 to 1.2.

[0035] After obtaining the partial discharge risk index, an alarm can be triggered based on the partial discharge risk index. For example, if the partial discharge risk index is less than the first preset index, it is determined that the power equipment is in normal operation; if the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the first preset index and less than the second preset index, a level one alarm is triggered; if the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the second preset index and less than the third preset index, a level two alarm is triggered; and if the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the third preset index, a level three alarm is triggered.

[0036] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as in a power distribution room in a coastal industrial area, a gallium nitride (GaN) ultraviolet partial discharge (IPD) multifunctional sensor is installed on the side wall inside the distribution cabinet. The GaN ultraviolet IPD multifunctional sensor integrates a GaN ultraviolet light detection sensor, an infrared temperature sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, an ambient humidity sensor, and an ambient pressure sensor. The ambient temperature sensor obtains an ambient temperature of 28°C. The GaN ultraviolet light detection sensor detects the ultraviolet signal when partial discharge occurs in the power equipment. The captured ultraviolet signal is amplified, compensated, and filtered to obtain the average voltage of the ultraviolet signal. Peak voltage of ultraviolet signal For example, to obtain the average voltage To obtain the peak voltage The infrared temperature sensor detects a hotspot temperature of 39°C during partial discharge in power equipment (e.g., a hotspot at a busbar connection). An ambient humidity sensor detects an RH of 90%, and an ambient pressure sensor detects an 100.8 kPa. Bandpass filtering signal processing technology can be used to process the acquired ultraviolet signals, thereby suppressing sunlight interference. The optical window in the gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor can be made of quartz glass, with an ultraviolet light transmittance greater than 90%. The preferred ratio of the optical window area to the photosensitive area of ​​the gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor is 1.3:1.

[0037] First, the intensity of the ultraviolet signal can be obtained. 0.7 is preferred. 0.3 is preferred. 25 is a preferred value. The optimal value is 3000, calculated as follows:

[0038] The multi-environment coupling parameter can be obtained, may be preferably 0.04, may be preferably 45, may be preferably 0.15, may be preferably 25, may be preferably -0.6, may be preferably 101.3, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0039] The infrared thermodynamic parameter can be obtained, may be preferably 0.35, may be preferably 12, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0040] After obtaining the ultraviolet signal intensity, the multi-environment coupling parameter and the infrared thermodynamic parameter, the multi-source space-time fusion parameter can be obtained, and the convolution kernel parameter can be preferably 0.5, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0041] After obtaining the multi-source space-time fusion parameter, the partial discharge risk index can be obtained, wherein, may be preferably 100, may be preferably 1.0, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0042] After obtaining the partial discharge risk index, an alarm can be performed according to the partial discharge risk index, for example, the first preset index can be preferably 30, the second preset index can be preferably 50, and the third preset index can be preferably 80, and when the partial discharge risk index is less than the first preset index, it can be determined that the power equipment is in a normal operation state.

[0043] In another specific embodiment of the present application, in the underground power distribution room in the city core area, the gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor is magnetically attracted and installed on the side wall in the power distribution cabinet, the gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor is integrated with a gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor, an infrared temperature sensor, an environment temperature sensor, an environment humidity sensor and an environment pressure sensor, the environment temperature sensor obtains an environment temperature of 35 DEG C, the gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor detects the ultraviolet signal when the power equipment occurs partial discharge, and the captured ultraviolet signal is amplified, compensated, filtered and the like, so that the average voltage of the ultraviolet signal and the peak voltage of the ultraviolet signal , for example, the average voltage , the peak voltage The hotspot temperature of the power equipment when the partial discharge occurs is 68℃ (for example, the hotspot of the cable terminal) obtained by the infrared temperature sensor, the environmental humidity is 50% RH obtained by the environmental humidity sensor, and the environmental pressure is 101.0 kPa obtained by the environmental pressure sensor.

[0044] Firstly, the ultraviolet signal intensity can be obtained, which can be preferably 0.7, which can be preferably 0.3, which can be preferably 25, which can be preferably 3000, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0045] The multi-environment coupling parameter can be obtained, which can be preferably 0.04, which can be preferably 45, which can be preferably 0.15, which can be preferably 25, which can be preferably -0.6, which can be preferably 101.3, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0046] The infrared thermodynamic parameter can be obtained, which can be preferably 0.35, which can be preferably 12, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0047] After obtaining the ultraviolet signal intensity, the multi-environment coupling parameter and the infrared thermodynamic parameter, the multi-source space-time fusion parameter can be obtained, and the convolution kernel parameter can be preferably 0.5, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0048] After obtaining the multi-source space-time fusion parameter, the partial discharge risk index can be obtained, wherein, which can be preferably 100, which can be preferably 1.0, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0049] After obtaining the partial discharge risk index, an alarm can be performed according to the partial discharge risk index, for example, the first preset index can be preferably 30, the second preset index can be preferably 50, and the third preset index can be preferably 80, and when the partial discharge risk index is greater than the third preset index, a three-level alarm can be performed. The three-level alarm can include an audible and visual alarm in the power distribution room, and pushing an alarm to a mobile phone of an operation and maintenance personnel.

[0050] It should be noted that by integrating the gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor, the infrared temperature sensor, the environmental temperature sensor, the environmental humidity sensor and the environmental pressure sensor in the gallium nitride ultraviolet local oscillation multifunctional sensor, the volume of the sensor can be reduced, the on-site installation and maintenance are facilitated, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced.

[0051] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the embedded signal processor is further configured to perform multi-source space-time fusion processing through the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] wherein, represents the length of the time window, represents the current evaluation time, represents the historical sampling time, represents the nuclear decay constant, represents the ultraviolet signal intensity obtained according to the ultraviolet signal, represents the multi-environment coupling parameter obtained according to the environmental humidity, the environmental pressure and the environmental temperature, represents the infrared thermodynamic parameter obtained according to the infrared temperature and the environmental temperature, represents the time offset, wherein, , represents the convolution kernel parameter, represents the multi-source space-time fusion parameter. It should be noted that in the switch cabinet, can be preferably 60 seconds, and in the transformer, can be preferably 300 seconds. can be preferably .

[0054] In addition, according to different measured devices and different application scenarios and environments in which the devices are installed, a dynamic time window weight is adopted, such as shortening the time window length in high-frequency device applications.

[0055] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the ultraviolet signal intensity through the following formula:

[0056] wherein, represents the ultraviolet signal intensity, represents the continuous discharge weight, represents the pulse discharge weight, represents the background noise threshold, represents the light intensity saturation coefficient, represents the average voltage of the ultraviolet signal, represents the peak voltage of the ultraviolet signal. It should be noted that, the value range of is 0.6 to 0.8, the value range of is 0.2 to 0.4, the value range of is 20 to 50, the value range of is 2000 to 5000.

[0057] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the multi-environment coupling parameter by the following formula:

[0058] wherein, represents the humidity sensitivity factor, represents the environmental humidity, represents the reference humidity, represents the temperature offset coefficient, represents the optimal working temperature, represents the environmental temperature, represents the barometric index coefficient, represents the standard atmospheric pressure, represents the environmental pressure, represents the multi-environment coupling parameter. It should be noted that, the value range of is 0.03 to 0.05, the value range of is 40 to 50, the value range of is 0.1 to 0.2, the value range of is 20 to 30, the value range of is -0.4 to -0.8, the value of is 101.3 kPa.

[0059] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the infrared thermodynamic parameter by the following formula:

[0060] wherein, represents the temperature rise steepness coefficient, represents the temperature difference between the infrared temperature and the environmental temperature, represents the critical temperature rise, represents the infrared thermodynamic parameter. It should be noted that, the value range of is 0.3 to 0.4, the value range of is 10 to 15.

[0061] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the alarm according to the partial discharge risk index includes: determining that the power equipment is in a normal operation state when the partial discharge risk index is less than a first preset index; performing a first-level alarm when the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the first preset index and less than a second preset index; performing a second-level alarm when the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the second preset index and less than a third preset index; and performing a third-level alarm when the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the third preset index. It should be noted that the values of the first preset index to the third preset index are different in different detection environments, for example, in the detection environment of the switch cabinet, the first preset index can be preferably 30, the second preset index can be preferably 50, and the third preset index can be preferably 80; in the detection environment of the transformer, the first preset index can be preferably 40, the second preset index can be preferably 60, and the third preset index can be preferably 85.

[0062] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the light transmission surface of the optical window is a circular or rectangular structure.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, different light transmission surfaces of the optical window can be used in different monitoring scenarios, for example, in the partial discharge monitoring scenario of the high-voltage power distribution cabinet, the light transmission surface of the optical window can be preferably a circular structure, which can better uniformly disperse the arc impact force that may occur inside the cabinet body; in the partial discharge monitoring scenario of the underground power distribution room in the city core area, the light transmission surface of the optical window can be preferably a rectangular structure. In addition, the structure shape of the light transmission surface of the optical window is not specifically limited in the present application. It should be noted that the diameter or the side length of the light transmission surface of the optical window is in the range of 3-5 mm.

[0064] Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor 100 includes at least one optical window, for example, as shown in Figure 2 The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor 100 includes a first optical window 11 and a second optical window 12, wherein the first optical window 11 can be used for ultraviolet light detection, and the second optical window 12 can be used for infrared detection.

[0065] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the optical window is made of quartz glass, and the ultraviolet light transmittance of the optical window is greater than 80%. Specifically, in this embodiment, the optical window is made of quartz glass, and the thickness thereof is in the range of 0.3-2 mm, the ultraviolet light transmittance of the optical window is greater than 80%, and it should be noted that the area ratio of the optical window to the photosensitive area of the gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor is 1.2:1-1.5:1.

[0066] In view of the short-wavelength spectral characteristics of the ultraviolet local discharge detection device, a nano-grating structure is etched on the surface of a quartz glass substrate, and the abnormal transmission effect of ultraviolet light is realized by optimizing the parameters of the grating. Through the special design of the nano-grating structure, the reflection loss of ultraviolet waves can be effectively suppressed, and the average transmittance of the quartz glass in the target ultraviolet wave band can be significantly improved to more than 95%.

[0067] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, a wireless communication module is further included for realizing remote real-time data monitoring through wireless communication.

[0068] Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 The gallium nitride ultraviolet local discharge multifunctional sensor 100 further includes a wireless communication module 80 for realizing remote real-time data monitoring through wireless communication, so as to be applicable to smart grid, substation and cable line detection, thereby improving the safety of the power grid. It should be noted that the wireless communication mode can be LoRa, Wi-Fi, 4G, etc.

[0069] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device, such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus or device and execute the instructions, or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, apparatus or devices. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transport programs for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device, or in conjunction with these instruction execution systems, apparatus or devices. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable medium include the following: electrical connections having one or more wires (electronic devices), portable computer disk boxes (magnetic devices), random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memories), fiber optic devices, and portable compact disc read-only memories (CD ROMs). In addition, the computer-readable medium can even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program can be printed, because the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optical scanning of the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpretation or processing as necessary, or in other suitable manner, and then stored in the computer memory.

[0070] It should be understood that aspects of the application can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or combinations thereof. In the embodiments described above, various steps or methods can be implemented, for example, through software or firmware in storage media which are executable by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any of the following technologies, known in the art, or their combinations, can be employed: discrete logic circuitry having logic gates for implementing logic functions upon an application of data signals, application-specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGA), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), and so on.

[0071] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present description, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0072] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0073] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0074] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the terms "mounting", "connected", "connecting", "fixed", and the like should be construed in a broad sense, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0075] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0076] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor, characterized in that, include: An optical window for transmitting ultraviolet light; Gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor is used to detect ultraviolet signals when partial discharge occurs in power equipment; An infrared temperature sensor is used to detect the hot spot temperature when partial discharge occurs in the power equipment; An ambient temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature of the environment in which the power equipment is located; An ambient humidity sensor is used to detect the ambient humidity of the environment in which the power equipment is located; An environmental pressure sensor is used to detect the environmental pressure of the environment in which the power equipment is located; An embedded signal processor is connected to the gallium nitride ultraviolet light detection sensor, the infrared temperature sensor, the ambient temperature sensor, the ambient humidity sensor, and the ambient pressure sensor, respectively. The embedded signal processor is configured to perform multi-source spatiotemporal fusion processing on the ultraviolet signal, the hotspot temperature, the ambient temperature, the ambient humidity, and the ambient pressure to obtain the partial discharge risk index of the power equipment, and to issue an alarm based on the partial discharge risk index.

2. The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The embedded signal processor is further configured to perform the multi-source spatiotemporal fusion processing using the following formula: in, This indicates the intensity of the ultraviolet signal obtained based on the ultraviolet signal. This represents multiple environmental coupling parameters obtained based on the ambient humidity, ambient pressure, and ambient temperature. This represents the infrared thermodynamic parameters obtained based on the infrared temperature and the ambient temperature. Represents the convolution kernel parameters. This represents the parameters of multi-source spatiotemporal fusion.

3. The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the ultraviolet signal intensity using the following formula: in, Indicates the intensity of the ultraviolet signal. Indicates the continuous discharge weight. Indicates the pulse discharge weight. Indicates the background noise threshold. Indicates the light intensity saturation coefficient. This represents the average voltage of the ultraviolet signal. This represents the peak voltage of the ultraviolet signal.

4. The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the multi-environment coupling parameters using the following formula: in, Indicates humidity sensitive factor, Indicates ambient humidity. Indicates the reference humidity. Indicates the temperature offset coefficient. Indicates the optimal operating temperature. Indicates ambient temperature. This represents the barometric pressure index coefficient. Indicates standard atmospheric pressure. Indicating environmental pressure, This represents the multi-environment coupling parameters.

5. The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the infrared thermodynamic parameters using the following formula: in, Indicates the coefficient of temperature steepness. This represents the temperature difference between the infrared temperature and the ambient temperature. Indicates the critical temperature rise. Indicates infrared thermodynamic parameters.

6. The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The embedded signal processor is further configured to obtain the partial discharge risk index using the following formula: ； in, This indicates the partial discharge risk index. Indicates the dimension conversion coefficient. This represents the risk gain coefficient. This represents the multi-source spatiotemporal fusion parameters.

7. The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, An alarm is triggered based on the partial discharge risk index, including: When the partial discharge risk index is less than the first preset index, the power equipment is determined to be in normal operating condition. When the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the first preset index and less than the second preset index, a level one alarm is triggered. When the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the second preset index and less than the third preset index, a level two alarm is triggered. When the partial discharge risk index is greater than or equal to the third preset index, a level three alarm is triggered.

8. The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-transmitting surface of the optical window has a circular or rectangular structure.

9. The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical window is made of quartz glass and has an ultraviolet light transmittance of more than 80%.

10. The gallium nitride ultraviolet partial discharge multifunctional sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The wireless communication module is used to achieve remote real-time data monitoring via wireless communication.

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