Carbon-free gravitational potential energy trolley and advancing method

Abstract

The carbon-free gravitational potential energy trolley comprises a frame, a front wheel frame is rotatably installed at the front end of the frame, front wheels are installed on the front wheel frame, a second axle is rotatably installed at the rear end of the frame, and rear wheels are installed at the two ends of the second axle; the rear wheel is driven by a gravity driving mechanism; the gravity driving mechanism comprises a vertical rod, a first pulley assembly is mounted at the upper end of the vertical rod, two ends of an energy storage wire are wound on two sides of a second wheel shaft respectively, and the upper end bypasses the first pulley assembly; the upper end of the corresponding heavy hammer is provided with a second pulley assembly, and the heavy hammer is hung on the energy storage line through the second pulley assembly. When the heavy hammer moves up and down, the energy storage wire moves along with the heavy hammer, the energy storage wire is wound on one side of the second wheel shaft, and the other side of the second wheel shaft is released and drives the second wheel shaft to rotate. According to the carbon-free gravitational potential energy trolley and the advancing method, gravitational potential energy can be used for driving the trolley to move according to a set track.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicles, and in particular to a carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle and its method of travel, which is applicable to practical teaching scenarios in engineering training, mechanical design, manufacturing and automation majors in universities. Background Technology

[0002] In mechanical design practice and teaching, small power devices are often used to demonstrate the principles of energy conversion and mechanical transmission. Existing powered vehicles mostly rely on batteries and motors, which present problems such as environmentally unfriendly energy use, high operating costs, and limited range. Furthermore, some vehicles have complex steering controls, making it difficult to achieve precise automatic driving along fixed routes. Traditional gravitational potential energy drive devices suffer from low energy transmission efficiency and poor coordination between the steering mechanism and transmission system, resulting in poor vehicle stability and large route deviations, failing to meet the requirements for device reliability and adjustability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle and a method of travel, which can rely on gravitational potential energy to provide power for automatic travel and turn to travel along a fixed route.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle includes a frame, a front wheel frame rotatably mounted at the front end of the frame, a front wheel mounted on the front wheel frame, and a second wheel axle rotatably mounted at the rear end of the frame, with rear wheels mounted at both ends of the second wheel axle; the rear wheels are driven by a gravity drive mechanism. The gravity drive mechanism includes a pole with a first pulley assembly installed at the upper end. The two ends of the energy storage line are respectively wound around the two sides of the second wheel axle, and the upper end passes over the first pulley assembly. The corresponding weight has a second pulley assembly installed at the upper end, and the weight is hung on the energy storage line through the second pulley assembly. When the weight moves up and down, the energy storage line moves with the weight. The energy storage line is wound on one side of the second wheel axle and released on the other side, driving the second wheel axle to rotate.

[0005] The frame is equipped with a bracket, and a gear shaft is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the bracket. A first gear and a cam are coaxially mounted on one side of the gear shaft. The first gear meshes with a second gear, and the second gear is coaxially mounted with a second wheel axle. The cam adjusts the front wheel through a fine-tuning mechanism.

[0006] The fine-tuning mechanism includes a central shaft fixed to the front wheel frame. A movable fine-tuning block and a fixed fine-tuning block are sequentially provided on the upper end of the central shaft. The fixed fine-tuning block is connected to the central shaft and moves synchronously. The movable fine-tuning block rotates relative to the central shaft and is limited in its vertical movement. A micrometer cylinder is installed on the outer end of the fixed fine-tuning block. The micrometer cylinder presses the push rod on the movable fine-tuning block against the trajectory surface of the cam edge.

[0007] The frame is provided with at least two sets of threaded holes, and the column is threadedly connected to one of the sets of threaded holes; the column is provided with a central hole along the axial direction, and the central shaft passes freely through the central hole and is rotatably connected to the column through a flange bearing.

[0008] The first pulley assembly includes a first pulley frame, on which a plurality of first pulleys are arranged at horizontal intervals; the second pulley assembly includes a second pulley frame, on which a plurality of second pulleys are arranged at horizontal intervals, and the second pulleys are staggered from the first pulleys in the vertical direction.

[0009] The frame extends to the rear with three sets of mounting seats. Each set of mounting seats includes an upper plate and a lower plate. A bearing mounting hole is formed between the upper plate and the lower plate. The bearing mounting hole positions the bearing on the second wheel axle and is clamped by mounting bolts. The second wheel axle is arranged in two sections side by side.

[0010] The weight of the hammer must be sufficient to allow it to move downwards when suspended on the energy storage line without any external force.

[0011] A method for a carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle to move includes the following steps: Step 1: Remove the weight from the energy storage line and push the trolley to move. When the trolley moves, the cam is driven to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism, so that the push rod stops at the starting position of the cam. Step 2: Reattach the weight to the energy storage line. The weight remains stationary while still in place. When released, the weight falls vertically relative to the frame. During the fall, the weight drives the second axle to rotate through the energy storage line, thus propelling the vehicle forward. When the weight slowly lands, no power is supplied, and the vehicle stops. During this process, the push rod remains stationary or rotates clockwise or counterclockwise under the action of the cam. When the push rod moves, it drives the movable fine adjustment block, the fixed fine adjustment block, and the central shaft to move, thereby adjusting the direction of the front wheel to move to the left, to the right, or to move in a straight line. Step 3: Observe the travel route. If it is the same as the set route, no changes are needed; if it is different, stop the trolley and make fine adjustments by turning the micrometer tumbler. If the trolley is biased inwards from the specified route, loosen the micrometer tumbler; if it is biased outwards, tighten the micrometer tumbler. After adjustment, repeat steps 1 to 2.

[0012] In step two, if the trolley does not move after the weight is placed, push the trolley to overcome the problem of excessive static friction causing it to jam, and the trolley will then run normally.

[0013] This invention provides a carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle and its method of travel, which has the following technical advantages: 1) This device enables the trolley to move automatically along a fixed line, which is beneficial for demonstrations in mechanical design practice and teaching. In addition, the device has a simple structure, does not rely on any power source such as batteries or motors, is economical and environmentally friendly, and has a long service life.

[0014] 2) A cam and gear transmission mechanism is installed. When the device moves, the second wheel axle drives the gear transmission mechanism, causing the cam to rotate. Since the cam and the push rod of the fine-tuning mechanism remain in contact, and the cam edge is designed with a suitable undulation angle, as the cam rotates, the change in the cam profile curve pushes the push rod to rotate, which in turn drives the movable and fixed fine-tuning blocks to rotate, thus rotating the central shaft and changing the direction of travel of the front wheel. This allows the device to move forward and change direction during the forward movement, achieving travel along a predetermined route and meeting the requirements of university courses.

[0015] 3) By setting up a fine-tuning mechanism, the moving fine-tuning block can be finely adjusted by rotating the micrometer cylinder while the vehicle is in motion, thereby finely adjusting the route and ensuring the flexibility of adjustment.

[0016] 4) By setting up a gravity drive mechanism consisting of pulley assembly, weight, energy storage line, etc., when the weight decreases due to gravitational potential energy, the weight pulls the energy storage line. The energy storage line is wound on one side and released on the other side on the second wheel shaft. When the energy storage line is wound and released, the second wheel shaft rotates, and the rotation of the second wheel shaft can drive the device forward.

[0017] 5) The gravity drive mechanism and fine-tuning mechanism in this device are designed in conjunction, enabling simultaneous forward movement and reversal. This design is convenient to operate and features a simple and compact structure. Multiple tests have shown that forward movement and reversal are very smooth and trouble-free.

[0018] 6) This device uses a gear transmission mechanism to transmit power to the cam during operation, thereby adjusting the front wheel. No other power is used in this process, making it clean, environmentally friendly, and low-cost. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (first view).

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (second perspective).

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the front wheel in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the front wheel in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gear transmission mechanism and the second wheel shaft in this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the winding of the energy storage line in this invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage line wound on the second wheel shaft in this invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the engagement state between the cam and the push rod in this invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the second wheel axle in this invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a travel trajectory diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a simplified diagram of the cam corresponding to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a cam profile diagram exported from a computer according to the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: Frame 1, Column 2, Central Axle 3, Front Wheel Frame 4, First Wheel Axle 5, Front Wheel 6, Second Wheel Axle 7, Rear Wheel 8, Bracket 9, Gear Shaft 10, First Gear 11, Cam 12, Second Gear 13, Upright 14, First Pulley Frame 15, First Pulley 16, Counterweight 17, Second Pulley Frame 18, Second Pulley 19, Energy Storage Line 20, Movable Fine Adjustment Block 21, Fixed Fine Adjustment Block 22, Micrometer Cylinder 23, Top Rod 24, Mounting Base 25, Upper Plate 25.1, Lower Plate 25.2, Bearing Mounting Hole 25.3. Detailed Implementation

[0033] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle includes a frame 1. A threaded hole is pre-drilled at the front end of the frame 1, and a column 2 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. A central hole is provided along the axial direction at the center of the column 2, and a central shaft 3 is rotatably mounted in the central hole via a flange bearing. A front wheel frame 4 is mounted on the lower end of the central shaft 3. Specifically, the front wheel frame 4 has two threaded holes and is fixed to the central shaft 3 by set screws. A first wheel axle 5 is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the front wheel frame 4 via a flange bearing, a retaining ring, etc., and a front wheel 6 is mounted on the first wheel axle 5.

[0034] A second axle 7 is rotatably mounted at the rear of the frame 1 via bearings, and rear wheels 8 are mounted at both ends of the second axle 7. When the rear wheels 8 rotate, the second axle 7 rotates accordingly.

[0035] A bracket 9 is bolted to the inner side of the rear wheel 8 on the frame 1. A gear shaft 10 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the bracket 9 via a bearing. A first gear 11 and a cam 12 are sequentially fixedly mounted on one side of the gear shaft 10. A second gear 13 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the rear wheel 8 on a second axle 7. The first gear 11 and the second gear 13 mesh. As the second gear 13 rotates with the second axle 7, it drives the first gear 11 and the cam 12 to rotate.

[0036] A vertical rod 14 is installed on the frame 1 between the second axle 7 and the column 2. A first pulley frame 15 is installed on the upper end of the vertical rod 14, and multiple first pulleys 16 are distributed at intervals on the first pulley frame 15. In addition, the device is also equipped with a counterweight 17, and a second pulley frame 18 is installed on the upper end of the counterweight 17. Multiple second pulleys 19 are distributed at intervals on the second pulley frame 18, and the second pulleys 19 are staggered from the first pulleys 16 in the vertical direction.

[0037] One end of the energy storage line 20 is wound clockwise around one side of the second wheel shaft 7 and the end is fixed on the second wheel shaft 7. Then, it alternately passes around the first pulley 16 and the second pulley 19 and then winds counterclockwise downwards around the other side of the second wheel shaft 7 and the end is fixed on the second wheel shaft 7.

[0038] Additionally, the upper end of the central shaft 3 extends beyond the column 2. A movable fine-tuning block 21 and a fixed fine-tuning block 22 are fitted onto the central shaft 3. The fixed fine-tuning block 22 is horizontally mounted and fixed to the central shaft 3 by screws. The movable fine-tuning block 21 is connected to the central shaft 3 via a torsion spring and, under the action of the torsion spring, always leans towards the cam 12. The upper end of the movable fine-tuning block 21 is limited by the fixed fine-tuning block 22, and the lower end of the movable fine-tuning block 21 is limited by the end of the column 2. The movable fine-tuning block 21 can rotate around the axis of the central shaft 3.

[0039] An installation hole is provided at the outer end of the fixed fine-tuning block 22, and a micro-cylinder 23 is fixed in the installation hole. The front end of the micro-cylinder 23 abuts against the side wall of the movable fine-tuning block 21 and is magnetically attracted and fixed.

[0040] A push rod 24 is fixed at the outer end of the movable fine-tuning block 21, and the push rod 24 always keeps in contact with the edge of the cam 12.

[0041] Preferably, the front end of the frame 1 has two sets of threaded holes, either of which can be used to install the column 2. The advantage of having two sets of threaded holes is that when the trajectory design required by the university assessment changes too rapidly, using the middle threaded hole for assembly may cause the cam profile to change too drastically, resulting in the pushrod jamming, or the vehicle sound to change too suddenly, causing excessive deviation from the expected trajectory due to inertia; since the left threaded hole is closer to the cam, when the trajectory curvature changes too rapidly, using the left threaded hole for assembly can make the cam profile change more smoothly and the transition more natural.

[0042] Preferably, three sets of mounting seats 25 extend from the rear of the frame 1. Each set of mounting seats 25 includes an upper plate 25.1 and a lower plate 25.2, with one end of the upper plate 25.1 and the lower plate 25.2 integrally connected to the frame 1. A bearing mounting hole 25.3 is formed between the upper plate 25.1 and the lower plate 25.2, and the outer ends of the upper plate 25.1 and the lower plate 25.2 are connected by mounting bolts 25.4 to lock the bearing. The advantage of this detachable structure is that, due to the special nature of the bearing, a locking structure is set to compensate for the insufficient machining precision of different students, ensuring that the bearing can be installed without loosening or slipping. At the same time, the convenient detachable structure tests the students' hands-on ability in mechanical assembly.

[0043] The second axle 7 is arranged in two sections, with both sections side by side and mounted on the mounting base 25 via bearings. The advantage of arranging the second axle 7 in two sections is that when the trolley changes direction, the speeds of the inner and outer wheels are different. If a coaxial axle is used, the two wheels will have the same speed, making it impossible to turn; using two axles creates a differential speed effect.

[0044] The trajectory line of the outer edge of cam 12 is set with undulations according to the set trajectory path, starting from the arc-shaped groove. In the specific design, the trajectory is designed according to the specific requirements of the university assessment, and then the cam profile trajectory is calculated with the help of 3D software and algorithms. In 3D design software such as UG and Solidworks, trajectory design simulation is performed, and the radius of curvature is derived by equally dividing the points on the trajectory. Then, it is processed according to the designed Matlab algorithm (which can be provided) to export the cam profile curve. Finally, the cam is designed with the help of 3D design software, and dynamic balance and other problems are solved by measurement.

[0045] Working principle and process: Step 1: Remove the weight 17 from the energy storage line 20 and push the trolley to move. When the trolley moves, it first drives the cam 12 to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism, so that the push rod stops at the starting position of the contour involved. Figure 8 (The location is specified in the original text), and it will stop upon arrival.

[0046] The purpose of step one is to align the push rod with the set starting position of the cam to ensure that the starting position is correct.

[0047] Step Two: Reattach the weight 17 to the energy storage line 20. While still in place, the weight remains stationary. Upon release, the weight will fall vertically relative to the frame, potentially with slight swaying. As the weight 17 falls, it drives the energy storage line 20, which is wound up on one side and unwound on the other on the second axle 7. The second axle 7 itself rotates, propelling the vehicle forward. As the weight slowly lands, the rope loosens, power is no longer supplied, and the vehicle gradually comes to a stop.

[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, the push rod 24 is initially positioned in the groove of the cam 12. During the trolley's forward movement, the push rod 24 first passes through section a of the cam 12. At this time, the push rod 24 and the movable fine-tuning block 21 move clockwise, which in turn drives the fixed fine-tuning block 22 and the central shaft 3 to move clockwise. The central shaft 3 then drives the front wheel frame 4 and the front wheel 6 to rotate clockwise, thus changing direction to the right. When the push rod 24 passes through section b of the cam 12, the push rod 24 and the movable fine-tuning block 21 rotate counterclockwise, and the central shaft 3 drives the front wheel frame 4 and the front wheel 6 to rotate counterclockwise. This allows the trolley to move forward while simultaneously adjusting its direction according to set requirements, achieving forward movement along a predetermined trajectory, rather than simply traveling in a straight line.

[0049] Step 3: Observe the travel path. If it is the same as the set path, no changes are needed; if it is different, stop the trolley and make fine adjustments by turning the micrometer tumbler 23. If the trolley is biased inwards from the specified path, loosen the micrometer tumbler 23 (i.e., move the rod at the front end of the micrometer tumbler 23 away from the movable fine-tuning block 21); if it is biased outwards, tighten the micrometer tumbler 23. After adjustment, repeat steps one through two.

[0050] In step two, if the trolley does not move after placing the weight 17, it may be due to excessive static friction causing it to get stuck. Simply push the trolley slightly.

[0051] The process of obtaining the design parameters of cam 12 according to the set route specifically includes: Given: The width of the trolley is B, and the radius of the base circle is... Transmission ratio I (transmission ratio is the ratio of the number of teeth of the large gear to the small gear), push rod diameter The horizontal distance e between the cam and the central axis, and the radius of curvature ρ of the trajectory point a1.

[0052] 1) Cam lift angle φ=arctan( ); In the formula: φ is the cam lift angle; h is the cam lift along the axis (axial displacement of the push rod); e is the horizontal distance from the geometric center of the cam to the central axis of the trolley.

[0053] h and φ are ideally 0.

[0054] 2) Curvature radius correction angle ; In the formula: θ is the actual turning angle of the front wheel; B is the width of the car (distance between the outer sides of the two rear wheels); ρ is the radius of curvature of the trajectory at that point; σ is the sign of the turning direction (-1 for left turn, +1 for right turn).

[0055] 3) Push rod compensation length ; In the formula: Δ is the compensation length at the end of the pushrod; dr is the diameter of the pushrod; θ is the actual steering angle of the front wheel.

[0056] 4) Actual radius of the cam ; In the formula: r(α) is the actual radius of the cam at the polar angle α; σ is the base circle radius of the cam; h is the lift of the cam along the axis (axial displacement of the pushrod); σ is the sign of the steering direction (-1 for left turn, +1 for right turn).

[0057] In this application, L is the total travel trajectory length, and L0 is the trajectory length from the selected trajectory point to the starting point. Therefore: ; Therefore, the design parameters of the corresponding point a2 on the cam can be obtained from the known data and the trajectory point a1 on the set route.

[0058] By repeatedly calculating the actual radius of the cam, the corresponding points on the cam are obtained. Then, by connecting these points with a smooth curve, the cam profile curve can be obtained.

[0059] Example 1 Actual dimensions of the car: B = 126.6 mm. =122.82 mm, e=-74.8 mm, =3 mm, h=0 mm.

[0060] 1. Driving in a straight line (actual front wheel turning angle θ = 0°) Cam lift angle φ = arctan(h / |e|) = arctan(0 / 74.8) = 0°; As the radius of curvature ρ approaches infinity, arctan(B / 2ρ) = 0° Curvature radius correction angle θ = 0° - σ·0° = 0°; The compensation length of the push rod Δ = (3 / 2) / cos0° = 1.5 mm The actual radius of the cam is r(α) = 122.82 + 0 + σ·74.8·tan0° = 122.82 mm; → The actual profile of the cam is the base circle, and the pushrod compensation is minimal.

[0061] 2. Left turn (actual front wheel turning angle θ = +15°) Take σ as -1 for left turn.

[0062] First, calculate the required radius of curvature ρ: from the actual front wheel turning angle θ = arctan(B / 2ρ) – σφ; 15° = arctan(126.6 / (2ρ)) - (-1)·0°; 15° = arctan(63.3 / ρ); The radius of curvature ρ = 63.3 / tan15°≈236.1 mm; The compensation length of the push rod Δ = 1.5 / cos15° ≈ 1.553 mm; r(α) = 122.82 + 0 + (-1)·74.8·tan15° = 122.82 - 74.8·0.2679 ≈ 102.77 mm; the cam "retracts" by about 20 mm in this direction, and the pushrod compensation is slightly large.

[0063] 3. Right turn (actual front wheel turning angle θ = -15°) Right turn σ = +1.

[0064] Similarly, we can conclude that: The radius of curvature ρ = 236.1 mm (symmetric left and right); the compensation length at the end of the push rod Δ = 1.553 mm; r(α) = 122.82 + 0 + (+1)·74.8·tan15° = 122.82 + 20.05 ≈ 142.87 mm; The cam "bulges out" about 20 mm in this direction.

[0065] The results for the three groups are shown in Table 1. Table 1

[0066] What are the advantages of this calculation process? The algorithm obtains the radius of curvature from the trajectory points, then calculates the front wheel angle, and finally directly calculates the cam radius using the eccentricity and lift—all in three simple steps. It's straightforward and allows the cam's profile curve to be obtained from a set trajectory line, making it convenient for teachers to set and manufacture according to different teaching needs. h can be set to 0 or compensated for bending, facilitating adjustments. This formula is simple and easy to understand, and can assess students' ability to initially transform mathematical knowledge into practical skills.

Claims

1. A carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes a frame (1), a front wheel frame (4) is rotatably mounted on the front end of the frame (1), a front wheel (6) is mounted on the front wheel frame (4), a second wheel axle (7) is rotatably mounted on the rear end of the frame (1), and rear wheels (8) are mounted on both ends of the second wheel axle (7); the rear wheels (8) are driven by a gravity drive mechanism. The gravity drive mechanism includes a pole (14), with a first pulley assembly installed at the upper end of the pole (14). The two ends of the energy storage line (20) are respectively wound around the two sides of the second wheel shaft (7) and the upper end passes over the first pulley assembly. The corresponding weight (17) has a second pulley assembly installed at the upper end. The weight (17) is hung on the energy storage line (20) through the second pulley assembly. When the weight (17) moves up and down, the energy storage line (20) moves with the weight (17). The energy storage line (20) is wound on one side and released on the other side on the second wheel shaft (7) and drives the second wheel shaft (7) to rotate.

2. The carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bracket (9) is installed on the frame (1). A gear shaft (10) is rotatably installed on the upper end of the bracket (9). A first gear (11) and a cam (12) are coaxially installed on one side of the gear shaft (10). The first gear (11) meshes with the second gear (13), and the second gear (13) is coaxially installed with the second wheel axle (7). The cam (12) adjusts the front wheel (6) through a fine-tuning mechanism.

3. The carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine-tuning mechanism includes a central shaft (3) fixed to the front wheel frame (4). The upper end of the central shaft (3) is provided with a movable fine-tuning block (21) and a fixed fine-tuning block (22). The fixed fine-tuning block (22) is connected to the central shaft (3) and moves synchronously. The movable fine-tuning block (21) rotates relative to the central shaft (3) and is limited in its up and down position. The outer end of the fixed fine-tuning block (22) is equipped with a micro-cylinder (23). The micro-cylinder (23) presses the push rod (24) on the movable fine-tuning block (21) against the trajectory surface of the edge of the cam (12).

4. The carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with at least two sets of threaded holes, and the column (2) is threadedly connected to one of the sets of threaded holes; the column (2) is provided with a central hole along the axial direction, and the central shaft (3) freely passes through the central hole and is rotatably connected to the column (2) through a flange bearing.

5. A carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first pulley assembly includes a first pulley frame (15), on which a plurality of first pulleys (16) are arranged horizontally at intervals; the second pulley assembly includes a second pulley frame (18), on which a plurality of second pulleys (19) are arranged horizontally at intervals, and the second pulleys (19) are staggered from the first pulleys (16) in the vertical direction.

6. The carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The frame (1) extends to the rear with three sets of mounting seats (25). Each set of mounting seats (25) includes an upper plate (25.1) and a lower plate (25.2). A bearing mounting hole (25.3) is formed between the upper plate (25.1) and the lower plate (25.2). The bearing mounting hole (25.3) positions the bearing on the second wheel axle (7) and is connected and clamped by mounting bolts (25.4).

7. A carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second wheel axle (7) is arranged in two sections side by side.

8. A carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The weight of the hammer (17) must be such that it moves downwards when there is no external force after it is hung on the energy storage line (20).

9. A method for a carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle to move according to claim 8, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Remove the weight (17) from the energy storage line (20) and push the trolley to move. When the trolley moves, the cam (12) is driven to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism, so that the push rod stops at the starting position of the cam (12). Step 2: Reattach the weight (17) to the energy storage line (20). The weight remains stationary while still in place. When released, the weight falls vertically relative to the frame. During the fall of the weight (17), the weight (17) drives the second wheel axle (7) to rotate through the energy storage line (20), thereby driving the trolley forward. When the weight (17) slowly lands, no power is provided, and the trolley stops. During this process, the push rod (24) remains stationary or rotates clockwise or counterclockwise under the action of the cam (12). When the push rod (24) moves, it will drive the movable fine adjustment block (21), the fixed fine adjustment block (22), and the central shaft (3) to move, thereby adjusting the direction of the front wheel (6) to move to the left, to the right, or to move in a straight line. Step 3: Observe the route. If it is the same as the set route, no changes are needed. If it is different, stop the trolley and make fine adjustments by turning the micrometer (23). If the trolley is biased inward compared to the specified route, loosen the micrometer (23). If it is biased outward, tighten the micrometer (23). After adjustment, repeat Step 1 to Step 2.

10. The method for a carbon-free gravitational potential energy vehicle to move according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the trolley does not move after the weight (17) is placed, push the trolley to overcome the problem of excessive static friction causing it to get stuck, and the trolley will then run normally.

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