An optical line system for a convergence and distribution device, a control method and a medium

Abstract

The application discloses an optical line system for converging a shunt device, a control method and a medium, and the system comprises a local device and a remote device, the local device comprises a customer-side interface, an optical power monitoring and adjusting unit, an optical amplification unit, an optical line protection unit and a main control unit; high-speed optical signals input by multiple customers are combined into one optical signal after passing through corresponding optical power monitoring and adjusting units, and the optical power of each channel before the combination is made consistent by adjusting the attenuation value of an optical adjustable attenuator; the combined optical signal is amplified by the optical amplification unit BA and then combined, and is divided into two paths of main and backup and output to the remote device; the optical signal received by the remote device is selected to recover into multiple customer-side signal outputs; the attenuation value of the corresponding optical adjustable attenuator is adjusted to balance the optical power of each wave channel at the input end of the optical amplification unit. The application can monitor and control the optical power of the optical signal input by the combiner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of convergence and splitting equipment technology, and in particular to an optical circuit system, control method and medium for convergence and splitting equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, optical line systems typically employ fixed-architecture multiplexers (MUX) and demultiplexers (DMUX) to achieve the convergence and distribution of multiple optical signals. Specifically, such as... Figure 1 As shown, multiple 200G / 400G high-speed signals from the local area are combined into a single beam by a MUX, then amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), and transmitted to a remote device by an optical line protection module (OLP). The remote device selects and receives signals of a specific band through the OLP, which are then amplified again by the EDFA and deconstructed by a DMUX to restore the original signals.

[0003] However, existing technologies lack an optical power monitoring mechanism at the input of the multiplexer, making it impossible to detect whether the input light intensity exceeds the linear operating range of the EDFA, which can easily lead to nonlinear distortion or device damage. Furthermore, the inconsistent input optical power of the multiplexer results in uneven gain after amplification by the EDFA, causing output power deviations in each wavelength channel and affecting transmission quality.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide an optical circuit system that can monitor and control the optical power of the optical signal input to a multiplexer (MUX) is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to provide an optical line system capable of monitoring and controlling the optical power of the optical signal input to a multiplexer (MUX), this application provides an optical line system, control method, and medium for a convergence and splitter device.

[0006] Firstly, the objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] An optical line system for a convergence and splitting device includes a local end device and a remote end device. The local end device includes a client-side interface, an optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, an optical amplification unit, an optical line protection unit, and a main control unit.

[0008] Multiple high-speed optical signals input from the client side are combined into a single optical signal after passing through corresponding optical power detection and adjustment units. The optical power monitoring and adjustment unit includes photodiodes and optical adjustable attenuators installed in each channel before the combining process. These units are used to detect the optical power of the input optical signal in each channel in real time and adjust the attenuation value of the optical adjustable attenuator to make the optical power of each channel before the combining process more consistent.

[0009] After being amplified by the optical amplifier unit BA, the combined optical signal is combined with the monitoring optical signal of the specified wavelength, and then output to the remote device through the optical line protection unit in two paths, main and backup.

[0010] The optical signal received by the remote device is selected by the optical line protection unit, amplified and demodulated by the optical amplifier unit PA, and restored to multiple customer-side signal outputs.

[0011] The main control unit adjusts the attenuation value of the corresponding optical adjustable attenuator by detecting the optical power value of each photodiode, so as to achieve the balance of optical power of each channel at the input end of the optical amplifier unit, and make the gain of each channel relatively flat.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, an optical line system capable of monitoring and controlling the optical power of the input optical signal of a multiplexer (MUX) is provided. This application effectively solves key technical problems in the prior art, such as uneven EDFA gain, nonlinear distortion, and decreased system reliability caused by uneven input optical power, by introducing an integrated optical power monitoring and adjustment unit at the front end of the multiplexer (MUX) and combining it with the closed-loop control mechanism of the main control unit. Specifically, the optical power monitoring and adjustment unit sets a photodiode (PD) and an optical variable attenuator (VOA) in each customer-side input channel, enabling real-time optical power detection and dynamic attenuation adjustment of the input optical signal in each channel before multiplexing. The design structure of this application breaks the limitation of traditional optical line systems that perform power management only after multiplexing, placing the optical power control node at the initial stage of signal convergence, thus avoiding the cumulative imbalance problem caused by excessive differences in optical power across multiple channels at the source. Furthermore, the main control unit collects optical power data from each PD detector and, combined with a preset threshold or target power reference, generates control commands to dynamically adjust the attenuation value of the corresponding VOA. This achieves active equalization of the input optical power of each channel and ensures that the multi-wavelength signals entering the optical amplifier (BA) have a highly consistent input power level, thereby significantly improving the stability of the EDFA operating in the linear amplification region. Simultaneously, since power equalization is achieved for each channel before amplification, the optical signal amplified by the BA exhibits higher gain flatness in the spectrum, reducing power fluctuations during secondary amplification by the remote equipment's PA, and improving the overall signal-to-noise ratio and transmission quality of the link. The measurable, controllable, and adjustable optical power at the MUX input of this application fundamentally improves the technical challenge of uneven gain in traditional optical line systems.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this application: in the optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, each client-side input channel is equipped with two photodiodes, which are respectively located at the input and output ends of the optical adjustable attenuator, for monitoring the optical power before and after adjustment of the optical adjustable attenuator; the main control unit uses the optical power difference between the optical power before and after adjustment to adjust the corresponding optical adjustable attenuator until the output optical power deviation of each channel is within a preset threshold range.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, two photodiodes monitor the optical power before and after adjustment of the adjustable optical attenuator, enabling more precise acquisition of changes in optical power. The main control unit performs feedback adjustment based on the optical power difference, allowing for timely and accurate adjustment of the attenuation value of the adjustable optical attenuator. This keeps the output optical power deviation of each channel within a preset threshold range, further improving the consistency of optical power across channels and enhancing the accuracy and stability of optical power adjustment. This, in turn, better ensures the balance of optical power across all channels at the input of the optical amplifier unit.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the local device further includes an optical time domain reflectometer unit and an Ethernet communication unit;

[0016] The optical time domain reflectometer unit is coupled to the optical line protection unit through an optical switch, and can be selectively connected to the main optical cable or the backup optical cable for remotely locating the break point when the optical cable fails.

[0017] The Ethernet communication unit includes a switch chip, a physical layer chip, and an SFP optical module for 1510nm wavelength transmission. The main control unit sends periodic heartbeat messages to the main control unit of the remote device through the Ethernet communication unit to establish a bidirectional communication link based on the monitoring channel and realize real-time detection of the optical path connectivity status.

[0018] When the main control unit does not receive a remote response message within a preset time, it determines that an optical path abnormality has occurred and triggers the optical line protection unit to perform an optical path switching operation, or outputs a fault diagnosis command to the optical time domain reflectometer unit.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, the Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) unit can remotely locate the break point when an optical cable fails, eliminating the need for manual on-site operation, greatly shortening the fault diagnosis time and improving the operation and maintenance efficiency of the optical line system. The Ethernet communication unit establishes a bidirectional communication link by sending heartbeat messages, enabling real-time detection of the optical path connectivity. When an optical path anomaly is detected, it promptly triggers the optical line protection unit to perform optical path switching, ensuring uninterrupted optical communication. Simultaneously, it outputs fault diagnosis commands to the OTDR unit, facilitating rapid and accurate diagnosis of the fault cause.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of this application: the main control unit includes a microcontroller, which acquires the analog voltage signals output by each photodiode through an analog-to-digital converter, and converts the analog voltage signals into corresponding optical power values ​​based on a preset calibration algorithm; the microcontroller also outputs an adjustment voltage to the optical adjustable attenuator through a digital-to-analog converter to achieve dynamic control of the optical power of each channel.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the microcontroller converts the analog voltage signal output by the photodiode into an optical power value through an analog-to-digital converter, accurately presenting the optical power information of the optical signal in digital form for easy subsequent processing. The conversion is based on a preset calibration algorithm, improving the accuracy of the optical power value. By outputting an adjustable voltage from the digital-to-analog converter to the adjustable optical attenuator, dynamic control of the optical power of each channel is achieved. The adjustable optical attenuator can be adjusted in a timely manner according to the real-time optical power situation, ensuring that the optical power of each channel at the input of the optical amplification unit remains balanced.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the output terminal of each photodiode is connected to a transimpedance amplifier circuit, which consists of a low-noise operational amplifier and a feedback resistor, and is used to linearly convert the weak photocurrent signal output by the photodiode into a voltage signal, which is then filtered and input to the analog-to-digital converter.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, since the weak photocurrent signal output by the photodiode is difficult to process directly, the low-noise operational amplifier in the transimpedance amplifier circuit can linearly convert the weak photocurrent signal into a voltage signal, which facilitates subsequent acquisition and conversion. The setting of the feedback resistor helps to improve the linearity and stability of the conversion. After filtering, noise and interference in the signal are removed, the signal quality is improved, and the analog-to-digital converter can more accurately acquire and convert the optical power signal.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of this application: the optical time domain reflectometer unit is integrated inside the local device and is connected to the primary optical cable or the backup optical cable via an optical switch; the optical switch is controlled by the main control unit and is used to perform online monitoring of the length, line loss and fault points of the primary optical cable and the backup optical cable in turn without interrupting the service, and output the detection results.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the optical time domain reflectometer unit is integrated into the local equipment, reducing the system complexity and footprint, and facilitating system integration and maintenance. Through the optical switch, the primary and backup optical cables can be monitored online without interrupting services, enabling real-time monitoring of information such as cable length, line loss, and fault points, and early detection of potential optical cable problems.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of this application: the monitoring optical signal of the specified wavelength is a 1510nm band optical signal, and the monitoring optical signal and the main transmission optical signal are combined by a wavelength division multiplexer and transmitted together, so that the main control unit detects communication connectivity by sending network probe messages to the remote device and based on the received network probe response messages; the remote device is configured with a corresponding 1510nm receiving module.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, a 1510nm band optical signal is used as the monitoring optical signal, and it is multiplexed with the main transmission optical signal through a wavelength division multiplexer. This fully utilizes wavelength division multiplexing technology and achieves the transmission of the monitoring optical signal without consuming excessive additional transmission resources. The main control unit detects the connectivity of the remote master control by sending network probe messages and whether or not network probe response messages are received. This allows for quick and accurate determination of whether the remote master control is working properly and timely detection of problems in the communication link.

[0028] Secondly, the objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0029] An optical line control method for a convergence and splitter device is applied to an optical line system including local and remote equipment. The local equipment includes a client-side interface, an optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, an optical amplification unit, an optical line protection unit, and a main control unit. The method includes the following steps:

[0030] It receives high-speed optical signals from multiple customer-side inputs and uses photodiodes installed in each channel to detect the optical power of the input optical signal in real time.

[0031] Based on the detected optical power values ​​of each channel, the main control unit calculates the power difference between each channel and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical adjustable attenuator of the corresponding channel based on the preset equalization strategy, so that the optical power of each channel tends to be consistent before the multiplexing.

[0032] The optical signals after power adjustment are combined to obtain a single-beam multi-wavelength optical signal.

[0033] The combined optical signal is input into the optical amplification unit BA for pre-amplification, and then combined with the monitoring optical signal of the specified wavelength. After being output to the remote equipment through the optical line protection unit, it is divided into two paths: main and backup.

[0034] On the remote equipment side, the optical line protection unit selects the primary or backup optical path, and the received optical signal is amplified by the optical amplifier unit PA and then deconstructed to restore multiple customer-side output optical signals.

[0035] The main control unit continuously monitors the changes in input optical power of each channel and dynamically adjusts the optical adjustable attenuator to maintain the balance of optical power of each channel at the input end of the optical amplification unit, thereby achieving a relatively flat gain for each channel.

[0036] Thirdly, the objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0037] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the functional steps of each unit in an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device.

[0038] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] 1. This application achieves power equalization of multiple client-side input optical signals before multiplexing by setting an optical power monitoring and adjustment unit composed of a photodiode (PD) and an optical variable attenuator (VOA) at the front end of the multiplexer, and combining this with the dynamic control of the VOA by the main control unit. This changes the passive mode of traditional systems where power management is only performed after multiplexing, moving the optical power control node to the initial stage of signal convergence. As a result, the power difference of the input optical signals in each channel is actively suppressed before entering the optical amplification unit (BA), significantly reducing the gain tilt problem caused by uneven input power. Furthermore, the multi-wavelength signal amplified by the BA has higher gain flatness, avoiding overload or signal-to-noise ratio degradation in some channels, and improving the transmission performance and stability of the system in high-density wavelength division multiplexing scenarios. Therefore, this solution fundamentally solves the problem of EDFA gain unevenness caused by the lack of power monitoring and adjustment mechanism at the MUX input in existing technologies, realizing proactive and refined power management of optical line systems.

[0040] 2. Each customer-side input channel is equipped with two photodiodes, one at the input end and one at the output end of the VOA, forming a dual monitoring mechanism for the optical power before and after VOA adjustment. This dual-PD structure enables the main control unit to acquire the input and output optical power of the VOA in real time, and then accurately assess the actual attenuation effect of the VOA by calculating the difference. Based on this, the main control unit performs feedback adjustment according to the power difference, forming a closed-loop control circuit, effectively overcoming the adjustment error caused by factors such as VOA device response nonlinearity and temperature drift. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of local / remote devices in the prior art;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the implementation principle of an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to one embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of an optical line protection unit in an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic block diagram of an OTDR module in an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of an OTDR module in an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the main control unit in an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of an optical amplification unit in an optical circuit system for a convergence and splitter device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of a transimpedance amplifier circuit connected to the output terminal of a photodiode in an optical circuit system for a convergence and splitter device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of a switch chip and a physical layer chip in an Ethernet communication unit of an optical line system for a convergence and splitting device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of an SFP optical module in an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, this application discloses an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device. The optical line system includes local equipment and remote equipment. The local equipment includes a client-side interface (such as...). Figure 2 The system comprises Client1_Tx, Client2_Tx, Client3_Tx, optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, optical amplification unit, optical line protection unit, main control unit, optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) unit, and Ethernet communication unit. Multiple high-speed optical signals (200G or 400G signals) input from the client side are combined into a single optical signal after passing through their respective optical power detection and adjustment units. The optical power monitoring and adjustment unit includes photodiodes (PDs) installed in each channel before the combining process. Figure 2The components are PD1, PD2, PD3, PD4, PD5, and PD6), and the optical variable attenuator (VOA). Figure 2 The system consists of VOA1, VOA2, and VOA3 and a glass slide, which is a thin-film filter (TFF) type multiplexer / demultiplexer. It is used to detect the optical power of the input optical signal in each channel in real time and adjust the attenuation value of the optical adjustable attenuator to make the optical power of each channel before multiplexing more consistent. After multiplexing, the optical signal is amplified by the optical amplifier unit BA and then multiplexed with a monitoring optical signal of a specified wavelength. The signal is then split into two outputs (main and backup) to the remote equipment via the optical line protection unit. The monitoring optical signal of the specified wavelength is a 1510nm band optical signal. The optical signal received by the remote equipment is selected by the optical line protection unit, amplified and demultiplexed by the optical amplifier unit PA, and restored to multiple customer-side signal outputs. The main control unit adjusts the attenuation value of the corresponding optical adjustable attenuator based on the optical power value detected by each photodiode to achieve equalization of the optical power of each channel at the input of the optical amplifier unit, making the gain of each channel relatively flat.

[0053] The optical amplification unit includes a pre-amplified erbium-doped fiber amplifier (BA) and an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (PA).

[0054] Specifically, this application combines multiple 200G or 400G signals sent from the local client side into a single optical signal using a glass slide. This signal is then amplified by a preamplifier (BA). The amplified optical signal is then combined with a 1510 wavelength monitoring optical signal at a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) to form a composite optical signal. This composite optical signal is then split into two paths by a 5:5 splitter within the optical line protection unit (OLP), outputting from ports Tx1 and Tx2 to the remote equipment. The signal transmitted from the remote equipment is received via the OLP, which selects one path (preferably the main path) and outputs it from the Rx port. The output signal is then decomposed into two beams using a glass slide. One beam is input to a 1510 wavelength optical module, and the other is amplified by the BA. The amplified signal is then demultiplexed again using a glass slide into three beams of different wavelengths, which are transmitted to the local client side for reception.

[0055] The optical signal input to Client1_Tx port 1 is detected by PD1. If the input optical power is too strong and exceeds the input range required by the optical amplifier unit (EDFA), the optical power of the input optical signal can be attenuated by setting the value of VOA1. If the optical power values ​​detected by PD2, PD4, and PD6 differ significantly, the value of the optical variable attenuator (VOA) can be adjusted to make the differences between the detected optical power values ​​of PD2, PD4, and PD6 smaller, so that the gain of each channel is relatively flat under the amplification of the optical amplifier unit (EDFA).

[0056] The signal input at Client-side Port 1 can be enabled or disabled via OSW1 (optical switch). Enabling it allows the signal input from Client-side Port 1 (or Client-side Port 2, Client-side Port 3) to the EDFA; disabling it prevents the signal input from Client-side Port 1 (or Client-side Port 2, Client-side Port 3) to the optical amplifier unit (EDFA).

[0057] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the optical signal, after being combined by the glass slide, is input from the IN port of the BA amplifier in the optical amplification unit to amplify the input signal, and then output from the OUT port to the Tx port of the optical line protection unit (OLP). The OLP internally includes a beam splitter and an OSW (optical switch). The optical signal input at the Tx port is split into two signals, Tx1 and Tx2, by the beam splitter (5:5), and transmitted to the remote end via primary and backup optical cables respectively. The OLP's Rx1 and Rx2 are signals transmitted from the remote end; the OSW selects and receives one of these signals, outputting it to the Rx port and transmitting it to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (PA). The optical line protection unit (OSW) selects the optical power of port Rx1 by default when the optical power of both ports Rx1 and Rx2 is greater than the OSW switching threshold. When the optical power of port Rx1 is less than the preset OSW switching threshold, but the optical power of port Rx2 is greater than the OSW switching threshold, the OSW selects the optical power of port Rx2. If the optical power of port Rx1 is greater than the OSW switching threshold, the OSW will wait for an automatic return time before selecting the optical power of port Rx1.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, in the optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, each customer-side input channel is equipped with two photodiodes (PDs). The two photodiodes are respectively set at the input and output of the optical adjustable attenuator, and are used to monitor the optical power before and after adjustment of the optical adjustable attenuator. The main control unit adjusts the optical power difference between the optical power before and after adjustment, and then adjusts the corresponding optical adjustable attenuator until the output optical power deviation of each channel is within a preset threshold range, for example, the preset threshold range is ±0.2dB.

[0059] like Figure 4As shown, the optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) unit in the local equipment is coupled to the optical line protection unit via an optical switch (OSW). The OTD unit includes an OTDR module and an OSW. By selecting the optical cable to be measured via the OSW, information such as the cable's length and line loss can be obtained, allowing selective access to either the primary or backup optical cable. This is used to remotely locate the breakpoint in case of a cable failure. The OTD unit is integrated within the local equipment and selects between the primary and backup optical cables via the optical switch. The optical switch is controlled by the main control unit and is used to perform online monitoring of the length, line loss, and fault point of the primary and backup optical cables alternately without interrupting services, and outputs the detection results.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, with Figure 5 The circuit diagram shown is an example of an OTDR module circuit used for measuring optical cables. Figure 5 The OTDR_RX pin is used to receive commands from the microcontroller to control the OTDR, and then sends the measurement results of the OTDR module to the microcontroller via the OTDR_TX pin. The OTDR_RX pin receives pulse signals from the microcontroller (MCU) (such as a command to enable OTDR measurement), which triggers the OTDR module to emit test light pulses. Component P4 OTDR_2X7_1P27MM is the physical interface connector; the OTDR_TX pin is used to receive return signals. The OTDR module detects backscattered or reflected light signals returning from the optical fiber. The OTDR_TX pin returns the module's status information or test results. For example, after receiving a command from the microcontroller to acquire OTDR measurement results on the OTDR_RX pin, the OTDR module performs the detection operation and sends the measurement results to the microcontroller via the OTDR_TX pin. Inductor L5 and capacitor C48 form an LC low-pass filter, connected in series with the +5V OTDR power supply line.

[0061] The main control unit includes a microcontroller. The microcontroller acquires the analog voltage signals output by each photodiode via an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and converts these signals into corresponding optical power values ​​based on a preset calibration algorithm. The microcontroller also outputs an adjustment voltage to an adjustable optical attenuator via a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to achieve dynamic control of the optical power of each channel. Figure 6 As shown, with Figure 6The circuit diagram shown is an example of the microcontroller's control circuit, including control chips U6A, U7, and U8. The microcontroller interacts with external devices via the SPI interface and connects to the MCU's debug interface via the STM_TCK, STM_TMS, and STM_NRST pins for program download and online debugging. INTx_IUx_SCC_MCU is an interrupt signal triggered by receiving notifications or events from other components. The light intensity signal received from the photodiode is first amplified by an operational amplifier and then sampled by the MCU's ADC pin. For example... Figure 7 As shown, with Figure 7 Taking the circuit diagram shown as an example, Figure 7 This is the circuit diagram of the optical amplifier unit.

[0062] Each photodiode's output is connected to a transimpedance amplifier circuit. This circuit, consisting of a low-noise operational amplifier and a feedback resistor, linearly converts the weak photocurrent signal output by the photodiode into a voltage signal. After filtering, the signal is input to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The DAC7512N uses the DAC7512N. Figure 8 As shown, with Figure 8 Taking the circuit diagram shown as an example, U1, U170, U171, U172, U200, U201, U202, U203, U204, and U205 are operational amplifier module circuits; U220, U221, and U222 are DAC digital-to-analog converter amplifier circuits; the transimpedance amplifier includes... Figure 8 The transimpedance amplifier circuits U40, U41, U42, U43, and U43 in the circuit use the LOG114AIRGVTG4 low-noise operational amplifier.

[0063] The Ethernet communication unit includes a switch chip, a physical layer chip, and an SFP optical module for 1510nm wavelength transmission. The 1510nm monitoring optical signal is generated by the SFP optical module and transmitted together with the main transmission optical signal after WDM multiplexing. The main control unit sends periodic heartbeat messages to the main control unit of the remote device through the Ethernet communication unit to establish a bidirectional communication link based on the monitoring channel, realizing real-time detection of the optical path connectivity status. When the main control unit does not receive a remote response message within a preset time, it determines that the optical path is abnormal and triggers the optical line protection unit to perform an optical path switching operation, or outputs a fault diagnosis command to the optical time domain reflectometer unit. For example, the main control unit sends a heartbeat message to the main control unit of the remote device every 5 seconds. When the main control unit does not receive a remote response message within a preset time (assuming the preset time is 15 seconds), it determines that the optical path is abnormal.

[0064] like Figure 9 As shown, with Figure 9 Taking the circuit diagram shown as an example, Figure 9The components are switch chip U60 and physical layer chip U59; switch chip U60 is model number 88E6185; physical layer chip U59 is model number 88E1112. 88E1112 is a 10 / 100 / 1000BASE-T Ethernet physical layer transceiver. Its main function is to act as a "translator," converting between the two layers of Ethernet communication.

[0065] Digital layer (MAC layer): Connects to the MII / RMII / GMII / RGMII interface of a microcontroller (MCU), processor, or switch chip. It processes digital data packets.

[0066] Physical layer (PHY layer): Connects to the network transformer and RJ45 interface.

[0067] like Figure 10 As shown, with Figure 10 Taking the circuit diagram shown as an example, Figure 10 This is the circuit diagram for an SFP optical module. SFP2_DIS, F2_DETECT, F2_SDA, F2_SCL, P11_TX_P, P11_TX_N, P11_RX_P, P11_RX_N, and P11_SD are the physical interfaces through which the SFP optical module is inserted. The digital diagnostic monitoring interface interacts with the microcontroller via the F2_SDA and F2_SCL pins.

[0068] The monitoring optical signal and the main transmission optical signal are combined using a wavelength division multiplexer and transmitted together, allowing the main control unit to detect the connectivity of the remote main control unit via IP ping. The remote device is configured with a corresponding 1510nm receiving module. The main control unit detects communication connectivity by sending network probe messages to the remote device and based on the received network probe response messages, similar to the IP ping detection method. When the main control unit detects normal connectivity of the remote main control unit via IP ping, it indicates that both the monitoring channel and the main transmission channel in the optical line system are in normal working condition. When an abnormality in the connectivity of the remote main control unit is detected, the main control unit can promptly trigger the optical line protection unit to perform optical path switching operations or perform fault diagnosis.

[0069] In another embodiment, this application also discloses an optical line control method for a convergence and splitter device, which is applied to an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device. The optical line control method for a convergence and splitter device specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] An optical line control method for a convergence and splitter device is applied to an optical line system including local and remote equipment. The local equipment includes a client-side interface, an optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, an optical amplification unit, an optical line protection unit, and a main control unit. The method includes the following steps:

[0071] S1: Receives high-speed optical signals from multiple client-side inputs and uses photodiodes installed in each channel to detect the optical power of the input optical signal in real time.

[0072] S2: Based on the detected optical power values ​​of each channel, the main control unit calculates the power difference between each channel and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical adjustable attenuator of the corresponding channel based on the preset equalization strategy, so that the optical power of each channel tends to be consistent before the multiplexing.

[0073] S3: Combine the power-adjusted optical signals of each path to obtain a single-beam multi-wavelength optical signal;

[0074] S4: Input the combined optical signal into the optical amplification unit BA for pre-amplification, and combine it with the monitoring optical signal of the specified wavelength. Then, through the optical line protection unit, it is divided into two outputs, the main one and the backup one, to the remote equipment.

[0075] S5: On the remote equipment side, the optical line protection unit selects the primary or backup optical path, and the received optical signal is amplified by the optical amplifier unit PA and then de-waved to restore multiple customer-side output optical signals; wherein, the main control unit continuously monitors the changes in the input optical power of each channel and dynamically adjusts the optical adjustable attenuator to maintain the balance of optical power of each channel at the input end of the optical amplifier unit, so as to achieve the relative flatness of the gain of each channel.

[0076] In another embodiment, after step S4, an optical line control method for a convergence and splitter device further includes:

[0077] S100: When the main control unit detects an abnormality in the primary optical path, it triggers the optical line protection unit to perform a primary / backup optical path switchover.

[0078] In this embodiment, the main optical path malfunction includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following situations:

[0079] The optical power of the primary optical path drops sharply, such as when the optical power is lower than the set threshold, for example, -30dBm or lower; the bit error rate (BER) of the primary optical path exceeds the preset BER threshold, such as 1e-3; the primary optical path communication is interrupted, such as when the optical fiber is broken, the connector is detached, or the equipment fails; the monitoring channel of the primary optical path (such as the 1510nm monitoring light) is unresponsive or fails to provide feedback within a timeout period.

[0080] Specifically, optical power detection includes situations where the optical power before / after multiplexing in the main optical path is below the threshold, and there are abnormalities in N consecutive samples, where N≥3; communication status detection includes situations where no remote heartbeat message is received, such as more than 3 heartbeat timeouts, IP ping failures, and no response from the monitoring channel.

[0081] S200: During the optical path switching process, the main control unit temporarily locks the adjustment action of the optical adjustable attenuator.

[0082] In this embodiment, the locking adjustment action includes: pausing the main control unit from sending any attenuation control voltage or adjustment command to the optical adjustable attenuator; or setting the internal adjustment state machine to "switching protection mode", in which the adjustment is not triggered by changes in optical power; the locking time is the entire process of optical path switching, usually 1ms to 100ms, depending on the specific optical switch response time.

[0083] Specifically, after detecting an anomaly, the main control unit immediately sets an internal flag (such as vova_adjust_lock=True) to pause all adjustment actions related to the optical adjustable attenuator, which can be achieved by disabling the DAC output or stopping the adjustment task thread.

[0084] S300: The optical line protection unit switches the optical signal route from the primary optical path to the backup optical path and continuously monitors the key parameters of the backup optical path, including optical power, bit error rate and communication status.

[0085] In this embodiment, after the optical signal switching is complete, the main control unit collects the actual input optical power of each channel of the backup optical path through the optical power monitoring unit (such as photodiode + transimpedance amplifier + ADC); at the same time, it detects whether the communication status of the backup optical path has returned to normal, such as whether a remote heartbeat message has been received and whether the bit error rate has decreased.

[0086] S400: When the main control unit determines that the backup optical path is stable, it releases the adjustment lock of the optical adjustable attenuator.

[0087] In this embodiment, the condition for determining that "the backup optical path is stable" is that the optical power is within the normal range (the preset power range is such as -8dBm to -2dBm) and remains stable for a period of time (such as 3s to 5s). The duration of stability can be defined by the user.

[0088] Specifically, after unlocking the adjustment of the optical adjustable attenuator, the dynamic adjustment of the optical power of each channel is gradually restored to achieve the equalization of optical power and gain flatness of each channel at the input of the optical amplifier unit. The gradual restoration of adjustment includes: first, making a trial adjustment with a small step size to observe the optical power response, or delaying for a few milliseconds / seconds before restoring to the normal dynamic adjustment strategy.

[0089] In one embodiment, after step S1, an optical line control method for a convergence and splitter device further includes:

[0090] S11: The main control unit calculates the optical power change trend of each channel based on the current detected optical power value and historical optical power data, and predicts the optical power fluctuation within a set time window based on the preset prediction model.

[0091] In this embodiment, adjustments are made in advance before the actual optical power fluctuates significantly, avoiding problems such as short-term power imbalance, gain fluctuation, and increased bit error rate in the system. This is suitable for application scenarios where optical power is greatly affected by dynamic factors such as environment, temperature, traffic volume, and device aging.

[0092] Specifically, the current optical power value is a digital quantity detected in real time by photodiodes and converted by an ADC, reflecting the optical power of each channel at the current moment. Historical optical power data consists of optical power values ​​continuously collected and stored by the main control unit from multiple past data points (e.g., the past 10 samples, or the sampling data within the past second), used for trend analysis. The optical power change trend can be a linear rate of change (e.g., ΔP / Δt), moving average, exponential smoothing, first / second difference, or other statistical characteristics. The preset prediction model is a pre-trained neural network model that predicts the optical power change based on the existing monitored optical power change data and a set power decrease rate threshold. It predicts that the power may decrease to a certain level within the next few milliseconds / seconds, thus outputting the optical power change trend data. The prediction time window is from tens of milliseconds to several seconds in the future.

[0093] S12: Based on the prediction results, adjust the attenuation value of the optical adjustable attenuator of the corresponding channel in advance to compensate for the expected optical power fluctuations, so that the optical power of each channel before combining remains balanced in a dynamic environment.

[0094] In this embodiment, if it is predicted that the optical power of a certain channel will decrease by 1 dB within the next 100 ms, the main control unit issues an adjustment command to the VOA of that channel in advance to reduce its attenuation (i.e., increase the transmitted optical power) to offset the expected decrease. The adjustment amount = predicted fluctuation value × compensation coefficient, where the compensation coefficient is 0.8~1.0. The adjustment method is to send adjustment step commands, such as adjusting by 0.1 dB each time, approaching the target in multiple steps. This application's method of adjusting the attenuation value in advance based on the prediction result can compensate in advance before the actual fluctuation of optical power occurs, so that the power of each channel remains stable before the multiplexing.

[0095] S13: The main control unit continuously monitors the deviation between the actual optical power and the predicted optical power and calculates the prediction error.

[0096] Specifically, the actual optical power is still detected in real time by photodiodes; if the prediction error exceeds a certain threshold, such as the difference between the actual power and the predicted value exceeding 0.3dB, the current prediction model or parameters are considered to need optimization; the deviation data can be used for subsequent adaptive adjustment of model parameters.

[0097] S14: The main control unit dynamically optimizes the prediction model parameters or adjusts the strategy based on the prediction error.

[0098] Specifically, if the prediction model has a prediction deviation that exceeds the preset prediction error threshold for three consecutive times, the prediction model parameters need to be optimized; otherwise, the adjustment strategy should be optimized directly.

[0099] Specifically, optimizing the prediction model parameters includes adjusting the moving average window size, correcting the compensation coefficient, optimizing the adjustment step size, and adjusting the prediction time window. Adjustment strategies include directly setting target values ​​and distributed adjustment. Directly setting a target value, such as predicting future power will drop to -6.5 dBm while the current value is -6.0 dBm, involves setting a target attenuation to achieve an output of -6.0 dBm. Distributed adjustment, such as adjusting by 0.1 dB each time to gradually approach the target, requires that the adjustment be completed before the prediction time window arrives. When optimizing the prediction model, historical deviation data can be used, employing gradient correction or fuzzy logic correction for online training or parameter fine-tuning. This allows for continuous improvement in prediction and adjustment accuracy over long-term operation.

[0100] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0101] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements functional steps of various units in an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0104] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An optical line system for a convergence and splitter device, characterized in that, It includes local equipment and remote equipment. The local equipment includes a client-side interface, an optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, an optical amplification unit, an optical line protection unit, and a main control unit. Multiple high-speed optical signals input from the client side are combined into a single optical signal after passing through corresponding optical power detection and adjustment units. The optical power monitoring and adjustment unit includes photodiodes and optical adjustable attenuators installed in each channel before the combining process. These units are used to detect the optical power of the input optical signal in each channel in real time and adjust the attenuation value of the optical adjustable attenuator to make the optical power of each channel before combining more consistent. The optical amplification unit includes a pre-amplified erbium-doped fiber amplifier BA and an erbium-doped fiber amplifier PA. After being amplified by the pre-amplified erbium-doped fiber amplifier BA, the combined optical signal is combined with the monitoring optical signal of a specified wavelength and then output to the remote device via the optical line protection unit in two paths, main and backup. The optical signal received by the remote device is selected by the optical line protection unit, amplified and demodulated by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier PA, and restored to multiple customer-side signal outputs; The main control unit adjusts the attenuation value of the corresponding optical adjustable attenuator by detecting the optical power value of each photodiode, so as to achieve the balance of optical power of each channel at the input end of the optical amplifier unit and make the gain of each channel relatively flat. In the optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, each customer-side input channel is equipped with two photodiodes. The two photodiodes are respectively set at the input and output ends of the optical adjustable attenuator, and are used to monitor the optical power before and after adjustment of the optical adjustable attenuator. The main control unit uses the optical power difference between the optical power before and after adjustment to adjust the corresponding optical adjustable attenuator until the output optical power deviation of each channel is within the preset threshold range.

2. The optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local device also includes an optical time domain reflectometer unit and an Ethernet communication unit; The optical time domain reflectometer unit is coupled to the optical line protection unit through an optical switch, and can be selectively connected to the main optical cable or the backup optical cable for remotely locating the break point when the optical cable fails. The Ethernet communication unit includes a switch chip, a physical layer chip, and an SFP optical module for 1510nm wavelength transmission. The main control unit sends periodic heartbeat messages to the main control unit of the remote device through the Ethernet communication unit to establish a bidirectional communication link based on the monitoring channel and realize real-time detection of the optical path connectivity status. When the main control unit does not receive a remote response message within a preset time, it determines that an optical path abnormality has occurred and triggers the optical line protection unit to perform an optical path switching operation, or outputs a fault diagnosis command to the optical time domain reflectometer unit.

3. The optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control unit includes a microcontroller. The microcontroller acquires the analog voltage signals output by each photodiode through an analog-to-digital converter and converts the analog voltage signals into corresponding optical power values ​​based on a preset calibration algorithm. The microcontroller also outputs an adjustment voltage to the optical adjustable attenuator through a digital-to-analog converter to achieve dynamic control of the optical power of each channel.

4. The optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each photodiode's output terminal is connected to a transimpedance amplifier circuit, which consists of a low-noise operational amplifier and a feedback resistor. This circuit is used to linearly convert the weak photocurrent signal output by the photodiode into a voltage signal, which is then filtered and input to the analog-to-digital converter.

5. An optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The optical time domain reflectometer unit is integrated inside the local device and selects to connect to the primary optical cable or the backup optical cable via an optical switch. The optical switch is controlled by the main control unit and is used to perform online monitoring of the length, line loss and fault points of the primary optical cable and the backup optical cable in turn without interrupting the service, and output the detection results.

6. An optical line system for a convergence and splitter device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The monitoring optical signal of the specified wavelength is a 1510nm band optical signal. The monitoring optical signal and the main transmission optical signal are combined by a wavelength division multiplexer and then transmitted together, so that the main control unit can detect communication connectivity by sending network probe messages to the remote device and based on the received network probe response messages; the remote device is configured with a corresponding 1510nm receiving module.

7. A method for optical line control in a convergence and splitter device, characterized in that, An optical line system including local and remote equipment, wherein the local equipment includes a client-side interface, an optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, an optical amplification unit, an optical line protection unit, and a main control unit, the method includes the following steps: It receives high-speed optical signals from multiple customer-side inputs and uses photodiodes installed in each channel to detect the optical power of the input optical signal in real time. Based on the detected optical power values ​​of each channel, the main control unit calculates the power difference between each channel and adjusts the attenuation value of the optical adjustable attenuator of the corresponding channel based on the preset equalization strategy, so that the optical power of each channel tends to be consistent before combining; the optical amplification unit includes a pre-amplified erbium-doped fiber amplifier BA and an erbium-doped fiber amplifier PA. The optical signals after power adjustment are combined to obtain a single-beam multi-wavelength optical signal. The combined optical signal is input into the preamplifier erbium-doped fiber amplifier BA for preamplification, and then combined with the monitoring optical signal of the specified wavelength. The signal is then output to the remote equipment through the optical line protection unit in two paths: main and backup. On the remote equipment side, the primary or backup optical path is selected by the optical line protection unit, and the received optical signal is amplified by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (PA) and then deconstructed to restore multiple client-side output optical signals. The main control unit continuously monitors the changes in input optical power of each channel and dynamically adjusts the optical adjustable attenuator to maintain the balance of optical power of each channel at the input end of the optical amplification unit and achieve a relatively flat gain for each channel. In the optical power monitoring and adjustment unit, each customer-side input channel is equipped with two photodiodes. The two photodiodes are respectively set at the input and output ends of the optical adjustable attenuator, and are used to monitor the optical power before and after adjustment of the optical adjustable attenuator. The main control unit uses the optical power difference between the optical power before and after adjustment to adjust the corresponding optical adjustable attenuator until the output optical power deviation of each channel is within the preset threshold range.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the functional steps of each unit in an optical line system for a convergence and splitter device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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