Bearing residual life diagnosis method and bearing residual life diagnosis device

Abstract

The remaining life of a bearing is appropriately predicted. A method for diagnosing the remaining life of a bearing, which predicts the remaining life of a rolling bearing that is used in a rotary machine and that has inner and outer raceways and rolling elements between the two raceways, comprises the steps of: calculating the latest estimated peeling length; and calculating the residual life of the latest bearing based on the stripping length of the latest track ring. The step of calculating the latest peeling estimated length comprises: a step of calculating the maximum rolling body load; calculating the maximum contact surface pressure according to the maximum rolling body load; and a step for calculating the latest estimated delamination length of the orbital ring on the basis of the maximum contact surface pressure of the orbital ring.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a bearing residual life diagnosis method and a bearing residual life diagnosis device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a method of predicting the progress of peeling of a rolling bearing by calculating a rolling element load by taking into account the peeling shape of the rolling bearing.

[0003] PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS

[0004] PATENT DOCUMENT

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 6844764 SUMMARY

[0006] PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0007] In the calculation process for calculating the residual life described in Patent Document 1, since the operating state of the mechanical equipment is not taken into account, it can not be possible to properly predict the residual life.

[0008] The present application was made in view of the above-described problem, and aims to properly predict the residual life of a bearing.

[0009] SOLUTION TO PROBLEM

[0010] A bearing residual life diagnosis method of one embodiment of the present application predicts the residual life of a rolling bearing used in a rotary machine, the rolling bearing having inner and outer raceways and rolling elements between the two raceways, the bearing residual life diagnosis method including the steps of: calculating a peeling estimation length of the raceway; and calculating the residual life of the bearing based on the peeling estimation length and a prediction of the operating state of the rotary machine, the step of calculating the peeling estimation length including the steps of: calculating a maximum rolling element load from measured data; calculating a maximum contact surface pressure from the maximum rolling element load; and calculating a peeling estimation length of the raceway from the maximum contact surface pressure of the raceway.

[0011] The bearing remaining life diagnostic device of one embodiment of the present application predicts the remaining life of a rolling bearing used in a rotating machine, which has inner and outer raceway rings and rolling elements between the two raceway rings, in which the bearing remaining life diagnostic device includes a spalling length acquisition section that calculates an estimated value of a spalling length of the raceway ring, that is, a spalling estimated length, a remaining life calculation section that calculates the remaining life of the bearing based on the spalling estimated length of the raceway ring and a prediction of an operation state of the rotating machine, the spalling length acquisition section includes a maximum rolling element load calculation section that calculates a maximum rolling element load from measured data, a maximum contact surface pressure calculation section that calculates a maximum contact surface pressure from the maximum rolling element load, and a spalling estimated length calculation section that calculates the spalling estimated length of the raceway ring from the maximum contact surface pressure of the raceway ring.

[0012] Effects of the Invention

[0013] According to the present application, the remaining life of a rolling bearing can be appropriately predicted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing an example of the overall structure of a rotating machine and a bearing remaining life diagnostic system of a first embodiment.

[0015] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic view of a wind power generator.

[0016] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bearing of the first embodiment.

[0017] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a bearing remaining life diagnostic device of the first embodiment.

[0018] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a bearing remaining life diagnostic method of the first embodiment.

[0019] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of a graph showing the progress of output of a generator.

[0020] Figure 7 FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of a graph showing the progress of the rotation speed of a generator.

[0021] Figure 8 FIG. 8 is a graph showing an example of a graph showing the relationship between output and maximum rolling element load.

[0022] Figure 9 FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example of a graph showing the progress of a predicted spalling length.

[0023] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram showing the maximum rolling element load Qmax that the rolling element experiences after the rolling element has just passed through the peel when the bearing is under load P.

[0024] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the maximum rolling element load Qmax that the rolling element experiences after the rolling element has just passed through the peel when the bearing is under load P.

[0025] Figure 12 It is a graph illustrating the relationship between peeling length and operating time.

[0026] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating the bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to the second embodiment.

[0027] Figure 14 This is an example of a graph showing the relationship between a physical quantity measured by a sensor and the load on the rolling element.

[0028] Figure 15 This is a top view illustrating the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the third embodiment.

[0029] Figure 16 This is an example of a graph showing the relationship between wind speed and maximum rolling element load.

[0030] Figure 17 This is an example of a graph showing the relationship between physical quantities related to vibration and the maximum rolling element load.

[0031] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for estimating the load ratio e.

[0032] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating different examples of methods for estimating the load ratio e.

[0033] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for estimating the load factor ε. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. Furthermore, the structural elements in the embodiments described below include elements readily conceived by those skilled in the art, substantially the same elements, and elements of so-called equivalent scope. Moreover, the structural elements disclosed in the embodiments described below can be appropriately combined.

[0035] (First Implementation)

[0036] Figure 1This is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an example of the overall structure of the rotating machinery and bearing remaining life diagnostic system according to the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, a wind turbine generator 100 is exemplified as a rotating machinery, but it is not limited to this and can be applied to other rotating machinery.

[0037] (Rotating machinery)

[0038] The rotating machinery bearing remaining life diagnostic system 1 of the embodiment includes: a detection device 10, for example, in a collective wind power station in which multiple wind turbines 100 are installed on land or at sea, installed in each wind turbine 100; and a bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200, which is installed in a management facility, for example, inside or outside the collective wind power station.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator. The wind turbine generator 100 includes a detection device 10, a rotor 30, a bearing 40, a speed increaser 50, and a generator 60. The detection device 10, bearing 40, speed increaser 50, and generator 60 are housed in a nacelle 70. The speed increaser 50 and generator 60 are mounted on a base (frame) 90 supported by a tower 80.

[0040] The rotor 30 has a hub 31 and multiple blades 32 disposed on the hub 31. The hub 31 is connected to the speed increaser 50 via a main shaft 51 and is supported by bearings 40 to be able to rotate. The main shaft 51 transmits the rotational torque generated when the rotor 30 rotates due to wind force on the blades 32 to the speed increaser 50.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bearing according to the first embodiment. The rolling bearing 40 has an inner ring 41 externally fitted to the main shaft 51, an outer ring 42 internally fitted to the housing 44, etc., a plurality of rolling elements 43 configured to roll between the inner ring 41 and the outer ring 42, and a retainer (not shown) that holds the rolling elements 43 in a rolling manner. In the first embodiment, the rolling elements 43 contact the track surface line of the inner ring 41, thereby causing the inner ring 41 to peel off. Hereinafter, the direction along the circumference of the inner ring 41 will sometimes be simply referred to as the circumferential direction, the direction parallel to the rotation axis of the inner ring 41 will be defined as the axial direction, and the direction orthogonal to the axial direction and extending outward from the rotation axis of the inner ring 41 will be defined as the radial direction.

[0042] The speed increaser 50 is disposed between the main shaft 51 and the generator 60. The speed increaser 50 is, for example, a gear speed increaser structure comprising planetary gears, intermediate shafts, high-speed shafts, etc., disposed in a gearbox.

[0043] The speed increaser 50 increases the rotational speed of the main shaft 51, and outputs the increased rotational torque to the generator 60 via the generator shaft 61, which is supported for rotation. Additionally, although not specifically shown, the speed increaser 50 contains multiple bearings that support the multiple shafts for free rotation. Furthermore, the gearbox of the speed increaser 50 stores lubricating oil for oil bath lubrication of the gear speed increaser mechanism.

[0044] The generator 60 generates electricity using the rotational torque received from the speed increaser 50 via the generator shaft 61. The generator 60 is, for example, an induction generator or a synchronous generator. Alternatively, if the generator 60 is a synchronous generator with variable speed operation, it may be a structure without the speed increaser 50.

[0045] The detection device 10 collects various data, such as the condition of the bearing 40 and the operating status of the wind turbine 100. In the first embodiment, the detection device 10 collects data that correlates the output of the generator 60 with time. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the detection device 10 outputs the data collected by the data collection unit 11 to the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200 via a network NW. The network NW can be, for example, an Internet line or a LAN (Local Area Network). Furthermore, it can be configured such that each wind turbine 100 within a clustered wind power plant is connected via a LAN, and a VPN (Virtual Private Network) is established between this VPN and the LAN of an external management facility where the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200 is located.

[0046] (Bearing remaining life diagnostic device)

[0047] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the bearing remaining life diagnostic device according to the first embodiment. The bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200 can be considered a computer that transmits and receives information with the detection device 10. For example, the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200 is a computer including a processing unit and a storage unit 230. This processing unit includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and other processing circuits, and performs processing by reading and executing programs (software) from the storage unit 230. Figure 4 As shown, the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200 includes an input unit 210, a communication unit 240, a storage unit 230, an output unit 220, and a control unit 250.

[0048] The input unit 210 receives input from the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200. The input unit 210 may be implemented using an input device such as a keyboard, mouse, or touch panel. In cases where processing is automated, the input unit 210 is not a necessary component.

[0049] The communication unit 240 is a communication module that communicates with external devices, such as antennas or cables. The communication unit 240 can communicate with external devices such as the detection device 10 in any communication method.

[0050] Storage unit 230 is a storage device for various information such as the computation content and programs of storage control unit 250, including at least one of main storage devices such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory), and external storage devices such as HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and SSD (Solid State Drive). The programs used by control unit 250 stored in storage unit 230 can also be stored on a recording medium that can be read by bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200.

[0051] The output unit 220 outputs various information including the remaining life calculated by the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200. The output unit 220 may be at least one of a display that outputs images and a speaker that outputs sound.

[0052] The control unit 250 is a computing device, including, for example, a computing circuit such as a CPU. The control unit 250 includes a peel length acquisition unit 251 and a remaining life calculation unit 255. The peel length acquisition unit 251 includes a maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252, a maximum contact surface pressure calculation unit 253, and a peel length estimation calculation unit 254. The control unit 250 implements the peel length acquisition unit 251 and the remaining life calculation unit 255 by reading a program (software) from the storage unit 230 and executing it, and performs their processing. Alternatively, at least a portion of the processing of the peel length acquisition unit 251 and the remaining life calculation unit 255 can be implemented using hardware circuitry. Furthermore, the control unit 250 can execute these processes using a single CPU, or it can have multiple CPUs and execute the processing using these multiple CPUs. The processing performed by the peel length acquisition unit 251, the maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252, the maximum contact surface pressure calculation unit 253, the peel length estimation calculation unit 254, and the remaining life calculation unit 255 will be explained in the description of the bearing remaining life diagnosis method described later.

[0053] (Bearing Remaining Life Diagnosis Method)

[0054] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, according to... Figure 5 The process shown will be explained in detail using the bearing 40 used in the speed increaser 50 as an example to illustrate the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the first embodiment. In the following description, the peeling of the inner ring 41 will be simplified to peeling. In addition, the maximum circumferential length of the peeling of the inner ring 41 will be simplified to peeling length.

[0055] Bearing remaining life diagnosis begins by monitoring parameters related to bearing degradation. Here, the bearing remaining life diagnosis system 1 can be applied both when a new bearing 40 is introduced into rotating machinery and when a bearing 40 is already in operation.

[0056] After the diagnosis begins, the detection device 10 acquires parameters related to bearing deterioration at predetermined intervals and sends them to the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200. The control unit 250 acquires the parameters related to bearing deterioration and determines whether the parameters are within the predetermined range (step S10). Here, the parameters related to bearing deterioration may be, for example, physical quantities related to the vibration of the bearing 40, the degree of lubricant deterioration, the amount of metal adhering to the lubricant filter, etc., which change when peeling occurs in the inner ring 41. The physical quantities related to vibration refer to the amplitude of at least one of displacement, velocity, and acceleration accompanying the vibration of the object being measured, as well as the frequency of the vibration. Thus, by monitoring the parameters related to bearing deterioration, peeling can be detected. If the parameters related to bearing deterioration are within the predetermined range (step S10: Yes), the control unit 250 acquires the parameters related to bearing deterioration again after the predetermined period and determines again whether the parameters related to bearing deterioration are within the predetermined range (step S10).

[0057] (Initial peel length obtained)

[0058] If the parameters related to bearing deterioration are not within the specified range (step S10: no), the peel length acquisition unit 251 determines whether the initial peel length measurement data is stored in the storage unit 230 (step S21).

[0059] When the initial peel length measurement data is stored in the storage unit 230 (step S21: Yes), the peel length acquisition unit 251 acquires the initial peel length measurement data stored in the storage unit 230 as the initial peel length A0. The initial peel length measurement refers to the measured value of the initial peel length obtained by directly measuring the inner ring 41 using a fiber microscope or the like.

[0060] On the other hand, if the storage unit 230 does not store the data of the initial peel length measurement (step S21: No), the peel length acquisition unit 251 determines the initial peel estimate length (step S22) and obtains the determined initial peel estimate length as the initial peel length A0. Here, the initial peel length A0 refers to the peel length obtained for the first time after the bearing remaining life diagnosis begins. Furthermore, when the bearing remaining life diagnosis system 1 is applied at the same time as the newly installed rotating machinery, the peel length acquisition unit 251 may also determine the initial peel estimate length as 0.

[0061] After obtaining the initial peel length A0, the remaining lifetime calculation unit 255 determines whether the initial peel length A0 is less than the threshold A. lim (Step S31). Threshold A will be explained later. lim .

[0062] When the initial peel length A0 is less than the threshold A lim In the case of (step S31: Yes), the remaining life calculation unit 255 predicts the future peel length based on the prediction of the future operating conditions of the rotating machinery, and calculates the remaining life based on the predicted peel length (step S32). The operating conditions of the rotating machinery are predicted based on the actual operating conditions of the same period last year, etc. The remaining life refers to the period from the moment the latest peel length is obtained to the moment the predicted peel length reaches the threshold A. lim The remaining lifespan calculation unit 255 outputs data including the calculated remaining lifespan via the output unit 220 or the communication unit 240.

[0063] On the other hand, when the initial peel length A0 is the threshold A lim In the above case (step S31: No), the control unit 250 does not perform the remaining life calculation, but outputs information that the remaining life of the bearing 40 is zero via the output unit 220 or the communication unit 240. In this case, the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200 ends the bearing remaining life diagnostic.

[0064] The peel length acquisition unit 251 determines whether a predetermined period has elapsed since the last remaining lifespan calculation (step S40). If no predetermined period has elapsed since the last remaining lifespan calculation (step S40: No), the latest peel length is not acquired. On the other hand, if a predetermined period has elapsed since the last remaining lifespan calculation (step S40: Yes), the peel length acquisition unit 251 determines whether the storage unit 230 contains the latest measured peel length data (step S51).

[0065] When the storage unit 230 contains the latest measured peel length data (step S51: Yes), the peel length acquisition unit 251 acquires the latest measured peel length data stored in the storage unit 230 as the peel length A. n Peeling length A n This refers to the peeling length obtained after the (n+1)th time following the commencement of the bearing's remaining life diagnosis. Here, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0066] On the other hand, when the latest initial measured peel length data is not stored in the storage unit 230 (step S51: No), the peel length acquisition unit 251 calculates the estimated peel length using the maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252, the maximum contact surface pressure calculation unit 253, and the estimated peel length calculation unit 254 (steps S52~S54), and uses the calculated estimated peel length as the latest peel length A. n Obtain.

[0067] (Estimated peel length)

[0068] The following describes in detail the method for calculating the estimated peel length using the bearing 40 used in the speed increaser 50 as an example in the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the estimated peel length An is calculated based on the output of the generator 60. More specifically, the operating data of the generator 60 is obtained, the operating conditions of the generator 60 are distinguished, the maximum rolling element load is calculated for each zone (step S52), the maximum contact surface pressure is calculated based on the maximum rolling element load (step S53), and the estimated peel length is calculated based on the maximum contact surface pressure (step S54).

[0069] Figure 6 This is an example of a graph showing the shift in the generator's output. Figure 7 This is an example graph showing the change in generator speed. The detection device 10 collects... Figure 6 and Figure 7 The output and speed data of the generator 60, which are correlated with time (generator 60 operating data), are shown and sent to the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200. The stripping length acquisition unit 251 acquires the generator 60 operating data via the communication unit 240. Furthermore, Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 The data provided is illustrative and used to explain the implementation methods; it is not actual data.

[0070] Table 1 shows the... Figure 6 and Figure 7 The table is obtained by summing the data. The stripping length acquisition unit 251 generates data on the total operating time based on the operating conditions of the generator 60, as shown in Table 1. Specifically, as shown in Table 1, the stripping length acquisition unit 251 sets segments according to the output range and speed range of the generator 60, and sums the operating time of each segment in the period since the last remaining lifespan was calculated.

[0071] [Table 1]

[0072]

[0073] Figure 8This is an example graph showing the relationship between output and maximum rolling element load. The maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252 calculates the maximum rolling element load Q based on measured data. max (Step S52). In the first embodiment, the maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252 calculates the maximum rolling element load based on the generator output using... Figure 8 The relationship shown in the curve is used to calculate the maximum rolling element load Q for each partition. max Maximum rolling element load Q max It refers to the load at the position (maximum load position) where the load acting on the rolling element 43 (rolling element load) is the largest among the loads acting on the multiple rolling elements 43. Figure 8 The generator output shown is related to the maximum rolling element load Q. max The relationship is determined in advance by measurement or analysis and stored in the storage unit 230.

[0074] Maximum contact surface pressure calculation unit 253 calculates based on maximum rolling element load Q max Calculate the maximum contact surface pressure σ max (Step S53). Maximum contact surface pressure σ max This refers to the surface pressure at the contact point where the surface pressure is greatest, within the distribution of contact surface pressure exerted on the inner ring 41 by the rolling element 43, under maximum load. Maximum contact surface pressure σ max The calculation is performed, for example, by equation (1) or equation (2) based on Hertz theory. Equation (1) is for the case where bearing 40 is a ball bearing. Equation (2) is for the case where bearing 40 is a roller bearing. In equations (1) and (2), E is the longitudinal elastic coefficient, m is the Poisson number, Σρ is the sum of the curvatures of the two objects, and μ and ν are coefficients that determine the major and minor axes of the contact ellipse formed when the two objects are in elastic contact. These are values ​​determined based on the design of bearing 40, etc. L we It is the effective length of the rolling element 43, that is, the length after subtracting the chamfer length of the rolling element 43 from the total length of the rolling element 43.

[0075] [Mathematical Expression 1]

[0076]

[0077] [Mathematical Expression 2]

[0078]

[0079] The estimated peel length calculation unit 254 is shown in Table 1 and Equation (3), based on the maximum contact surface pressure σ of each partition. max Given the stress repetition number N, calculate the peeling amount a for each partition. i , will a i Add them together to calculate the amount of stripping ∑a. iBased on the previously obtained peeling length A n-1 Add the amount of stripping ∑a i Calculate the latest estimated peel length A n (Step S54). The stress repetition number N refers to the number of times a point on the inner ring 41 repeatedly passes through the maximum load position. The stress repetition number N is calculated for each zone based on the rotational speed and the operating time of each zone. In addition, in equation (3), C and m are constants determined by the material, and F is a constant determined by the contact state between the rolling element 43 and the inner ring 41.

[0080] [Mathematical Expression 3]

[0081]

[0082] The remaining life calculation unit 255 determines the latest peel length A. n Is it less than threshold A? lim (Step S61). Threshold A will be explained later. lim .

[0083] (Remaining life calculation)

[0084] Figure 9 This is an example of a graph showing the progress of the predicted peel length. At the latest peel length A... n Less than threshold A lim In the case of (step S61: Yes), the remaining life calculation unit 255 predicts the future peeling length based on a prediction of the future operating conditions of the rotating machinery, and calculates the remaining life based on the predicted peeling length (step S62). The operating conditions of the rotating machinery are predicted, for example, based on the actual operating conditions of the same month in the past. Whenever the latest peeling length A is obtained... n Then, update the prediction of future peel length. Figure 9 This represents an example of obtaining the first stripping length A1 at the beginning of January, and making the first prediction of the stripping length. Figure 9 In the example, if the initial peel length A2 in February is lower than the first prediction, the peel length prediction is revised to a second prediction. If the initial peel length A3 in March is higher than the second prediction, the peel length prediction is revised to a third prediction. Thus, by updating the prediction of future peel progress based on the latest peel length and the latest operating conditions, the peel length can be predicted more accurately. Furthermore, the remaining lifetime, like the peel length, is also determined each time the latest peel length A is obtained. n The data is updated regularly. Therefore, the remaining life can be predicted more accurately based on the latest peel length. The bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200 outputs data including the calculated remaining life via the output unit 220 or the communication unit 240.

[0085] On the other hand, in the latest peel length A n Not threshold A lim In the case of (step S61: No), the control unit 250 does not perform the remaining life calculation and outputs information that the remaining life of the bearing 40 is zero via the output unit 220 or the communication unit 240. In this case, the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200 ends the bearing remaining life diagnostic.

[0086] In the first embodiment, the threshold A of the peeling length lim The distance between the rolling elements is equal to the distance between the points of tangency of two adjacent rolling elements 43 with the inner ring 41 along the circumferential direction.

[0087] Figure 10 and Figure 11 This represents the maximum rolling element load Q experienced by the rolling element after it has just passed through a peel when the bearing is under load P. max A schematic diagram. (See example.) Figure 10 As shown, at peeling length A n Without exceeding the distance between rolling elements, relative to the maximum rolling element load Q. max Rolling element 43a does not intrude into peeling 45a on the adjacent rolling element 43b on the peeling inlet side; therefore, the maximum rolling element load Q from rolling element 43a is minimized. max It becomes the same size as in the case where no stripping 45a is produced. On the other hand, as... Figure 11 As shown, at peeling length A n When the distance between rolling elements exceeds the inter-roller distance, rolling element 43b penetrates the peel 45b, therefore rolling element 43b that has penetrated the peel 45b does not bear the load P. Thus, the maximum rolling element load Q from rolling element 43a is... max It increased dramatically, and the stripping of 45b developed rapidly.

[0088] Figure 12 This is a graph illustrating the relationship between peeling length and operating time. In Figure 12 In the experiment, artificial damage was applied to the inner ring 41, and the rotating machinery was operated under a constant load and rotation speed. The relationship between the operating time and the peeling length was measured. Figure 12 As shown, peeling progresses rapidly when the peeling length exceeds the distance between the rolling elements. Therefore, by setting a threshold A for the peeling length... lim With equal distance between the rolling elements, bearing 40 can be replaced before peeling 45b is about to develop rapidly.

[0089] Furthermore, the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the first embodiment is not limited to... Figure 5The method shown. For example, the step of determining whether the parameters related to bearing deterioration are within the specified range (step S10) may be omitted. In this case, rotating machinery may be periodically and precisely diagnosed, and if peeling is determined to have occurred, the remaining life diagnosis performed by the bearing remaining life diagnosis device 200 may be initiated. In addition, the steps of determining the presence or absence of initial peeling data and peeling length data (steps S21, S51) are not necessary steps. The peeling length acquisition unit 251 may acquire the initial peeling estimated length as always as the initial peeling length, or it may estimate the peeling estimated length as always as the peeling length.

[0090] As explained above, the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the first embodiment is a method for predicting the remaining life of a rolling bearing used in rotating machinery, which has inner and outer raceways and rolling elements between the two raceways. The method includes the following steps: calculating an estimated peel length of the raceways, i.e., the estimated peel length; and calculating the remaining life of the bearing based on the estimated peel length and a prediction of the operating conditions of the rotating machinery. The step of calculating the estimated peel length includes: calculating the maximum rolling element load based on measured data; calculating the maximum contact surface pressure based on the maximum rolling element load; and calculating the estimated peel length of the raceways based on the maximum contact surface pressure. Therefore, the remaining life of the bearing can be predicted based on the operating conditions of the rotating machinery, and thus the remaining life of the bearing can be predicted appropriately.

[0091] Furthermore, when the rotating machinery is a generator, the measured data can also include the generator's output. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0092] As a preferred method, in the step of calculating the estimated peel length of the track ring, based on the relationship between the operating data of the rotating machinery and the peel travel, the peel travel of each operating data is multiplied by the occurrence frequency and summed to estimate the peel travel. The peel travel is then added to the previously obtained peel length to calculate the estimated peel length.

[0093] As a preferred method, in the step of calculating the remaining life of the bearing, the operating condition of the rotating machinery is predicted based on its past operating conditions. This allows for a more appropriate prediction of the remaining life of the bearing based on the operating condition of the rotating machinery.

[0094] Furthermore, in the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the first embodiment, when the measured value of the peel length of the raceway ring, i.e., the measured peel length, is obtained, the remaining life of the bearing is calculated based on the measured peel length and a prediction of the operating condition of the rotating machinery. When the measured peel length is not obtained, the steps of calculating the estimated peel length and calculating the remaining life of the bearing based on the estimated peel length and a prediction of the operating condition of the rotating machinery are performed. Therefore, when the measured peel length is obtained, the remaining life of the bearing can be predicted based on the measured peel length.

[0095] As explained above, the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200 of the first embodiment is a bearing remaining life diagnostic method for predicting the remaining life of a rolling bearing used in rotating machinery, which has inner and outer raceways and rolling elements between the two raceways. It includes: a peel length acquisition unit that calculates an estimated peel length of the raceway, i.e., an estimated peel length; and a remaining life calculation unit that calculates the remaining life of the bearing based on the estimated peel length of the raceway and a prediction of the operating conditions of the rotating machinery. The peel length acquisition unit includes: a maximum rolling element load calculation unit that calculates the maximum rolling element load based on measured data; a maximum contact surface pressure calculation unit that calculates the maximum contact surface pressure based on the maximum rolling element load; and an estimated peel length calculation unit that calculates the estimated peel length of the raceway based on the maximum contact surface pressure of the raceway. Therefore, the remaining life of the bearing can be predicted based on the operating conditions of the rotating machinery, and thus the remaining life of the bearing can be predicted appropriately.

[0096] (Second Implementation)

[0097] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating the bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to the second embodiment. The difference between the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load (step S52), the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on the physical quantities measured by the sensors 11a to 11c provided in the housing 44 of the bearing 40.

[0098] Sensors 11a to 11c measure physical quantities at their respective installation locations. The physical quantities measured by sensors 11a to 11c include at least one of physical quantities related to vibration in at least one direction, displacement, and strain. The detection device 10 collects the physical quantities measured by sensors 11a to 11c and sends them to the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200, whereby the peel length acquisition unit 251 acquires the physical quantities measured by sensors 11a to 11c. It should be noted that... Figure 13 The number and location of the sensors shown are just one example; multiple sensors can be arranged in the circumferential direction of the housing 44.

[0099] Figure 14This is an example of a graph showing the relationship between a physical quantity measured by a sensor and the rolling element load. In the second embodiment, the maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252 calculates the maximum rolling element load by... Figure 14 Based on the relationship shown in the curves, the rolling element loads Q1 to Q3 of each sensor 11a to 11c are calculated according to the physical quantities measured by the sensors. Figure 14 The relationship between the physical quantities measured by the sensor and the rolling element load shown is obtained in advance by FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis of the housing 44 and stored in the storage unit 230.

[0100] The rolling element loads Q1 to Q3 of each sensor 11a to 11c can also be based, for example, on the radial displacement (radial displacement δ) at the setting point of the sensors 11a to 11c. r ) and axial displacement (axial displacement δ) a The radial displacement δ is calculated using this method. r and axial displacement δ a It can be measured by sensors 11a to 11c, or calculated based on the physical quantities measured by sensors 11a to 11c. More specifically, the radial displacement δ r and axial displacement δ a The acceleration can be calculated by integrating it twice over time, or by integrating the velocity once over time. Furthermore, considering the attenuation up to the setting points of sensors 11a to 11c, the radial displacement δ... r and axial displacement δ a It can also be corrected based on the transfer function obtained in advance through impact tests, etc. In the following description, the rolling element loads Q1 to Q3 of each of the multiple sensors 11a to 11c are generally taken as the rolling element load Q. j This will be explained. Additionally, the radial displacement δ of each of the multiple sensors will be... r and axial displacement δ a These are respectively taken as radial displacement δ jr and axial displacement δ ja Please provide an explanation.

[0101] Rolling element load Q j Using any of the following equations (4) to (9), based on the radial displacement δ jr and axial displacement δ ja At least one of them is calculated. Equations (4) to (6) are for the case where bearing 40 is a ball bearing. Equations (7) to (9) are for the case where bearing 40 is a roller bearing. In equations (4) to (9), L we D is the effective length of the rolling element 43. w α is the diameter of the rolling element 43, and α is the contact angle. Additionally, δ...jmax The displacement is obtained by the following equation (10).

[0102] [Mathematical Expression 4]

[0103]

[0104] [Mathematical Expression 5]

[0105]

[0106] [Mathematical Expression 6]

[0107]

[0108] [Mathematical Expression 7]

[0109]

[0110] [Mathematical Expression 8]

[0111]

[0112] [Mathematical Expression 9]

[0113]

[0114] [Mathematical Expression 10]

[0115]

[0116] The maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252 calculates the rolling element load Q using the method described above. j The radial distribution of the rolling element load is estimated. Therefore, the maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252 calculates the maximum rolling element load Q for each zone based on the rolling element load distribution. max .

[0117] The bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the second embodiment has been described above, but the sensor is not limited to a so-called contact sensor that measures the installation location. The sensor can be a non-contact sensor, or a single sensor can measure multiple locations.

[0118] As explained above, in the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the second embodiment, in the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load, the measured data includes physical quantities measured by sensors at multiple measurement points arranged in the circumferential direction of the bearing. The rolling element load is calculated based on the measured data, and the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on the rolling element load. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0119] In addition, the physical quantities measured by the sensor can also be those related to the vibration at the measurement point. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0120] Alternatively, the physical quantity measured by the sensor can also be the displacement of the measurement point. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0121] Alternatively, the physical quantity measured by the sensor can also be the strain at the measurement point. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0122] As a preferred approach, the rolling element load can also be calculated based on measured data according to the relationship determined by FEM analysis. This allows for a more accurate prediction of the bearing's remaining life.

[0123] In addition, the rolling element load can also be calculated based on the radial or axial displacement obtained from values ​​measured by sensors. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0124] Alternatively, the physical quantity measured by the sensor can also be the radial or axial displacement of the measurement point. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0125] Alternatively, the physical quantity measured by the sensor can be the radial or axial acceleration at the measurement point, and the radial or axial displacement can be calculated based on the radial or axial acceleration. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0126] Furthermore, the physical quantity measured by the sensor is the radial strain or axial strain at the measurement point, and the radial displacement or axial displacement can be calculated based on the radial strain or axial strain. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0127] (Third implementation method)

[0128] Figure 15 This is a top view illustrating the bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to the third embodiment. More specifically, Figure 15 This is a view of the wind turbine generator 100 in the third embodiment from a vertical perspective. The difference between the bearing remaining life diagnosis method in the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load (step S52), the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on the wind direction and wind speed measured by the wind direction and wind speed meter 12 installed on the wind turbine generator 100.

[0129] Anemometer 12 measures the direction and speed of wind W towards the wind turbine 100. Detection device 10 collects the measured wind direction and speed and sends them to bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200, whereby the stripping length acquisition unit 251 acquires the wind direction and speed. Here, wind direction refers to the angular difference θ between the azimuth angle of wind W and the yaw angle of the wind turbine 100. Figure 15 In the example, the stripping length acquisition unit 251 acquires the angle between the direction of the wind W and the rotation axis of the rotor 30 when viewed from above in the vertical direction as the angle difference θ.

[0130] Figure 16 This is an example of a graph showing the relationship between wind speed and maximum rolling element load. In the second embodiment, the maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252 calculates the maximum rolling element load based on the wind speed. Figure 16 The maximum rolling element load Q can be calculated using the relationship shown in the curve graph. max Here, wind speed is related to the maximum rolling element load Q. max The relationship varies depending on the wind direction. Figure 16 In the example, when the angle difference θ is θ1, based on the wind speed with respect to the angle difference θ1 and the maximum rolling load Q max The relationship is used to calculate the maximum rolling element load Q. max . Figure 16 The relationship between the wind speed and the maximum rolling element load shown is determined in advance by measurement or analysis and stored in the storage unit 230.

[0131] As explained above, in the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the third embodiment, the rotating machinery is a wind turbine, and the measured data includes the direction and speed of the wind affecting the wind turbine. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0132] (Fourth Implementation)

[0133] The difference between the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the fourth embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load (step S52), the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on physical quantities related to the vibration of the bearing 40.

[0134] Figure 17 This is an example of a graph showing the relationship between a physical quantity related to vibration and the maximum rolling element load. In the fourth embodiment, the maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252 calculates the maximum rolling element load Q based on the physical quantity related to the vibration of the bearing 40. max . Figure 17 The relationship between the physical quantities related to the vibration of bearing 40 and the maximum rolling element load shown is determined in advance by measurement or analysis and stored in storage unit 230.

[0135] Vibration data, for example, includes the amplitude of rolling element vibration. The amplitude of rolling element vibration refers to the amplitude of the vibration caused by the continuous change in the bearing center position due to the rotation of the rolling elements relative to the load direction. When bearing 40 experiences a large load, the amplitude of rolling element vibration increases due to the sudden vibration of the bearing ring bearing the rolling element load. Conversely, when the load is small, the amplitude of rolling element vibration decreases. Therefore, based on the maximum rolling element load Q... max The relationship between the rolling elements and vibration allows for the calculation of the maximum rolling element load Q based on the rolling element vibration. max .

[0136] Vibration data can also be, for example, the amplitude of gear meshing vibration. The amplitude of gear meshing vibration refers to the amplitude of the vibration generated by the impact applied to the gear tooth surfaces when the gears in the speed increaser 50 transmit meshing force to each other. Under a large load on the gears, the amplitude of gear meshing vibration increases; conversely, under a small load, the amplitude decreases. Therefore, based on the maximum rolling element load Q... max The relationship with the gear meshing frequency allows for the calculation of the maximum rolling element load Q based on the gear meshing frequency. max It should be noted that, in the case of helical gears, the radial vibration tends to be smaller compared to that of spur gears. However, since axial vibration is generated, it is preferable to measure not only the radial vibration but also the axial vibration.

[0137] As explained above, in the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the fourth embodiment, the measured data includes physical quantities related to bearing vibration. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0138] In addition, physical quantities related to bearing vibration include the amplitude of vibration of the bearing's rolling elements. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0139] In addition, physical quantities related to bearing vibration include the amplitude of the meshing vibration of gears in rotating machinery. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0140] (Fifth implementation method)

[0141] The difference between the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the fifth embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load (step S52), the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on the physical quantities at the measurement points of multiple components connected to the main shaft 51.

[0142] In the fifth embodiment, a sensor is installed on both the rotor 30 and the gearbox to measure physical quantities (phase, velocity, and acceleration) related to vibration in three axes. The detection device 10 collects the physical quantities measured by the sensors and sends them to the bearing remaining life diagnostic device 200, whereby the stripping length acquisition unit 251 acquires the physical quantities measured by the sensors. Furthermore, in the case of a direct-drive wind turbine 100, the sensor can be installed on the generator 60 instead of the gearbox. Alternatively, the sensor can be directly installed on the main shaft 51. Additionally, the sensor is not limited to a so-called contact sensor that measures the installation location; it can also be a non-contact sensor, or a sensor that measures multiple locations from a single location.

[0143] In the fifth embodiment, the maximum rolling element load calculation unit 252 calculates the maximum rolling element load based on the physical quantity measured by the sensor. The relationship between the physical quantity measured by the sensor and the maximum rolling element load is obtained in advance through motion analysis of the transmission system of the spindle 51 and stored in the storage unit 230.

[0144] As explained above, in the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the fifth embodiment, the rotating machinery is a wind turbine. The measured data includes physical quantities related to vibrations in three mutually perpendicular directions at measurement points among multiple components connected to the main shaft where the bearing is installed. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0145] (Sixth Implementation Method)

[0146] The bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the sixth embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in that it calculates the maximum rolling element load based on theories related to bearing life. In the sixth embodiment, in the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load (step S52), the operating time T until peeling occurs is calculated. a According to the running time T a Calculate the dynamic equivalent load P, and then calculate the radial load F based on the dynamic equivalent load P. r and axial load F a According to the radial load F r and axial load F a Calculate the maximum rolling element load Q max .

[0147] (Operating time T) a (Calculation)

[0148] Table 2 illustrates the operating time T of the bearings used in the speed increaser 50. aThe method is shown in Table 2. The bearing life varies according to the reciprocal of the constant power of the rate of change of the dynamic equivalent load P, ΔP. In addition, the dynamic equivalent load P is related to the generator output G. Thus, as shown in Table 2, it can be said that the larger the generator output G is, the larger the rate of change of the dynamic equivalent load P, ΔP is. In Table 2, G0 is the rated output (kW) of the generator. In addition, as shown in Equation (11), the rate of change of the bearing life, ΔL, is represented by the reciprocal of the constant power of the rate of change of the dynamic equivalent load P, ΔP. The value of q is 3 when bearing 40 is a ball bearing, and the value of q is 10 / 3 when bearing 40 is a roller bearing. In the example in Table 2, the case where the value of q is 10 / 3 is shown.

[0149] [Table 2]

[0150]

[0151] [Mathematical Expression 11]

[0152]

[0153] Operating time T a The calculation is performed using the following method. Data relating the output prior to the stripping event to time is obtained, as shown in Table 2. The total operating time t for each range of generator output G is calculated. k Then, by measuring the operating time t of each range of the generator output G. k Divide by the rate of change of bearing life ΔL, and calculate the operating time t for each range of the weighted generator output G. kL Therefore, as shown in equation (12), the operating time t can be calculated. kL The running time T is calculated by adding them together. a .

[0154] [Mathematical Expression 12]

[0155]

[0156] (Dynamic equivalent load P)

[0157] The dynamic equivalent load P is solved by simultaneously solving the modified life calculation formulas (13) and (14) based on ISO 281:2007, according to the operating time T. a Calculate it. In equation (13), L nmh This indicates the modified rated life time of the bearing, where a1 represents the reliability coefficient, and a ISO ω represents the life correction factor, C represents the bearing raceway rotational speed, and ω represents the bearing life correction factor. r The dynamic rated load of the bearing is represented by C, and the dynamic equivalent load is represented by P. Additionally, q is 3 for ball bearings and 10 / 3 for roller bearings. In equation (14), C... uThe fatigue limit load is given by κ, where κ is the viscosity ratio of the lubricating oil, and e is the viscosity ratio of the lubricating oil. c Pollution coefficient. Fatigue limit load C u The viscosity ratio κ can be calculated based on the specifications of bearing 40. Additionally, the viscosity ratio κ is expressed as the ratio of operating viscosity v to the reference kinematic viscosity v1. The reference kinematic viscosity v1 can be calculated based on the specifications and rotational speed of bearing 40, while the operating viscosity v is calculated based on the actual operating temperature of the lubricating oil and information on the kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil at 40°C and 100°C. The operating temperature of the lubricating oil can be obtained through monitoring or estimated based on the equipment design information. The kinematic viscosities of the lubricating oil at 40°C and 100°C can be obtained by confirming the specifications of the lubricating oil used. Contamination coefficient e c The filtration performance can be calculated based on the specifications of bearing 40 and viscosity ratio κ using a formula corresponding to the filter's filtration performance. When the filtration performance can be confirmed from the filter element's specification sheet, the appropriate formula is used. Even if the filtration performance cannot be confirmed, it can be estimated based on the measured values ​​from monitoring devices such as particle counters. When the filtration performance is unknown, the formula corresponding to the contamination code conforming to IEC 61400-4 Ed.1.0:2012 can be used.

[0158] [Mathematical Expression 13]

[0159]

[0160] [Mathematical Expression 14]

[0161]

[0162] (radial load F) r Axial load F a )

[0163] Radial load F r and axial load F a The values ​​are calculated based on the dynamic equivalent load P from equations (15) and (16). In equations (15) and (16), e is F r With F a The load ratio, X, and Y are load factors determined by the load ratio e. Here, in the case of a pure radial load without axial load, the radial load F r It can be set as a dynamic equivalent load P. Additionally, in the case of a pure axial load without radial load, the axial load F... a It can be set as a dynamic equivalent load P.

[0164] [Mathematical Expression 15]

[0165]

[0166] [Mathematical Expression 16]

[0167]

[0168] The load ratio e can be estimated using the following method.

[0169] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for estimating the load ratio e. For example... Figure 18 As shown, multiple sensors 14r are arranged radially and multiple sensors 14a are arranged axially on the housing 44 of the bearing 40. Figure 18 In this example, four sensors 14r and four sensors 14a are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, but this is only one example. Sensors 14r and 14a are uniaxial sensors that measure the vector S related to radial vibration, respectively. r1 ~S r4 and the vector S related to axial vibration a1 ~S a4 Here, vibration-related vectors include, for example, the phase vector, velocity vector, and acceleration vector that accompany the vibration of the object being measured. Figure 18 In this case, the composite vector S of the measured radial vibration-related vectors is obtained by equation (17). r The composite vector S, which is related to the measured axial vibration, is obtained by equation (18). a As shown in equation (19), by taking the composite vector S a The magnitude of the composite vector S r The ratio of the magnitudes can be used to estimate the load ratio e.

[0170] [Mathematical Expression 17]

[0171]

[0172] [Mathematical Expression 18]

[0173]

[0174] [Mathematical Expression 19]

[0175]

[0176] Figure 19 This is a diagram illustrating different methods for estimating the load ratio e. For example... Figure 19 As shown, multiple triaxial sensors 14t can also be arranged radially on the housing 44 of the bearing 40, and the sensors 14t can be used to measure the vector S related to the radial and axial vibrations respectively. r1 ~S r4 S a1 ~S a4Multiple sensors 14a are arranged axially. Figure 19 In the example, four sensors 14t are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, but this is just one example. Figure 19 In the case of, also with Figure 18 Similarly, the composite vector S of the measured radial vibration-related vectors is obtained by equation (17). r The composite vector S, which is related to the measured axial vibration, is obtained by equation (18). a As shown in equation (19), by taking the composite vector S a The magnitude of the composite vector S r The ratio of the magnitudes can be used to estimate the load ratio e.

[0177] Furthermore, the method for estimating the load ratio e is not limited to... Figure 18 and Figure 19 The method is as follows. For example, if the location of the maximum load is determined, the load ratio e can be estimated using only the radial and axial vibrations measured at the location of the maximum load. Alternatively, as shown in the fifth embodiment, the load ratio e can also be estimated by measuring physical quantities related to the vibration of the spindle 51 or the components connected to the spindle.

[0178] (Maximum rolling element load Q) max )

[0179] Maximum rolling element load Q max The dynamic equivalent load P is calculated using equations (20) and (21). In equations (20) and (21), Z is the number of rolling elements, and α is the contact angle. Additionally, J... r It is a radial integral, J a It is the axial integral. The radial and axial integrals are coefficients defined by Sjovall, H., The load distribution within ball and roller bearings under given external radial and axial load, Tek Tidskr, Mek., Vol.h, No.9 (1933).

[0180] [Mathematical Expression 20]

[0181]

[0182] [Mathematical Expression 21]

[0183]

[0184] Under conditions that are neither purely radial load conditions nor purely axial load conditions, the radial integral J r and axial integral Ja It can be calculated based on the load ratio e.

[0185] Under pure radial load conditions, the radial integral J r and axial integral J a It can be calculated using equations (22) to (24). Equation (22) is for the case where bearing 40 is a cylindrical or tapered roller bearing. Equation (23) is for the case where bearing 40 is a self-aligning roller bearing. Equation (24) is for the case where bearing 40 is a ball bearing. In equations (22) to (24), f(ε) is a function of the load factor ε, but it can be calculated based on the radial load F. r The calculation is based on the bearing clearance and the specifications of bearing 40. Furthermore, the load factor ε relative to f(ε) is related to the radial integral J. r The relationship is theoretically determined, therefore the radial integral J can be calculated based on the load factor ε. r .

[0186] [Mathematical Expression 22]

[0187]

[0188] [Mathematical Expression 23]

[0189]

[0190] [Mathematical Expression 24]

[0191]

[0192] The load factor ε can be estimated using the following method.

[0193] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for estimating the load factor ε. For example... Figure 20 As shown, multiple sensors 15 are radially arranged in the housing 44 of the bearing 40. Figure 20 In this example, eight sensors 15 are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, but this is only one example. Sensors 14r and 14a are uniaxial sensors that measure the vector S related to radial vibration, respectively. r1 ~S r8 Here, the physical quantities measured by sensor 15 include, for example, phase, velocity, and acceleration. Based on the circumferential distribution of the physical quantities obtained by sensor 15, the location of the maximum load and the boundary between the load zone and the unload zone are estimated. Figure 20 In the example, the vibration-related vector S r1 The magnitude of the vector S related to vibration r1 ~S r8 The largest value is in the middle, therefore the vector S related to vibration will be... r1The measurement location is presumed to be the location of maximum load. Additionally, in Figure 20 In the example, due to the vibration-related vector S r4 ~S r6 Since the value is close to 0, the vector S related to vibration is considered to be... r4 ~S r6 The measurement location is within the unloaded zone, and the vibration-related vector S... r3 S r7 The measurement location is presumed to be the boundary between the load circle and the non-load circle. Therefore, the angle ψ between the direction from the center of rotation towards the maximum load location and the boundary between the load circle and the non-load circle is calculated. Figure 20 In the case of , the load factor ε can be estimated based on the calculated angle ψ using equation (25).

[0194] [Mathematical Expression 25]

[0195]

[0196] Furthermore, the methods for estimating the load factor ε are not limited to... Figure 20 The method is as follows. For example, when the location of the maximum load is determined, the load factor ε can be estimated by measuring the vibration-related vector at the location of the maximum load using a 3-axis sensor. More specifically, at the location of the maximum load, both the radial vibration-related vector and the vibration-related vector in the direction of rotation that is 90° to the radial direction are measured simultaneously. In this case, the combined vector of the two directions is calculated by adding the measured vectors in the two directions, and the angle between the combined vector of the maximum load location and the radial direction of the maximum load location is set as angle ψ. The load factor ε can then be estimated using equation (25).

[0197] As explained above, in the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the sixth embodiment, the measured data includes physical quantities at multiple measurement points arranged in the circumferential direction of the bearing. The rolling element load is calculated based on the measured data, and the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on the rolling element load and the life correction factor. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0198] Furthermore, in the bearing remaining life diagnosis method of the sixth embodiment, the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load includes measured data comprising physical quantities at multiple measurement points arranged in the circumferential direction of the bearing. The rolling element load is calculated based on the measured data, and the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on the rolling element load, the load ratio of radial load to axial load, and the load factor. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0199] Alternatively, the load ratio can be estimated based on the vectors related to radial vibration and the vectors related to axial vibration measured simultaneously at multiple measurement points arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the bearing. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0200] Alternatively, the load ratio can be estimated based on the ratio of the physical quantity related to radial vibration to the physical quantity related to axial vibration at the location of maximum load. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0201] In addition, the load factor can also be calculated based on measurement data related to rotating machinery. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0202] Alternatively, the load factor can be estimated by analyzing the circumferential distribution of physical quantities related to radial vibration measured simultaneously at multiple equally spaced measurement points along the bearing's circumference, thereby deducing the location of the maximum load and the boundary between the load and unloaded zones. In this case, the remaining bearing life can also be appropriately predicted.

[0203] Alternatively, the load factor can be estimated from the angle between the radial direction at the maximum load location and the vector formed by adding the vector of the radial vibration at the maximum load location and the vector of the vibration in a direction orthogonal to both the axial direction and the radial direction at the maximum load location. In this case, the remaining life of the bearing can also be appropriately predicted.

[0204] Furthermore, the diagrams used above are conceptual diagrams for qualitative explanation of this disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope thereof. Additionally, the described embodiments are examples of preferred implementations of this disclosure, but are not limited thereto; various modifications can be implemented without departing from the spirit of this disclosure.

[0205] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0206] 1. Bearing remaining life diagnostic system; 10. Detection device; 11. Data collection unit; 11a-11c. Sensors; 12. Anemometer; 14a, 14r, 14t. Sensors; 15. Sensors; 30. Rotor; 31. Hub; 32. Blades; 40. Bearing; 41. Inner ring; 42. Outer ring; 43, 43a, 43b. Rolling elements; 44. Housing; 45a, 45b. Peeling; 50. Speed ​​increaser; 51. Main shaft; 60. Generator; 61. Generator shaft; 70, nacelle; 80, tower; 90, base; 100, wind turbine; 200, bearing remaining life diagnostic device; 210, input unit; 220, output unit; 230, storage unit; 240, communication unit; 250, control unit; 251, peel length acquisition unit; 252, maximum rolling element load calculation unit; 253, maximum contact surface pressure calculation unit; 254, estimated peel length calculation unit; 255, remaining life calculation unit; NW, network; W, wind.

Claims

1. A method for diagnosing the remaining life of a bearing, predicting the remaining life of a rolling bearing used in rotating machinery, said rolling bearing having inner and outer raceways and rolling elements between the two raceways, wherein, The bearing remaining life diagnosis method includes the following steps: Calculate the estimated peel length of the track ring, i.e., the estimated peel length; and Based on the estimated peel length and the prediction of the operating condition of the rotating machinery, the remaining life of the bearing is calculated. The steps for calculating the estimated peel length include: The steps for calculating the maximum rolling element load based on measured data; The steps for calculating the maximum contact surface pressure based on the maximum rolling element load; and The step of calculating the estimated peel length of the track ring based on the maximum contact surface pressure of the track ring.

2. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, In the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load, the measured data includes physical quantities measured by sensors at multiple measurement points arranged in the circumferential direction of the bearing, the rolling element load is calculated based on the measured data, and the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on the rolling element load.

3. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 2, wherein, The physical quantity measured by the sensor is a physical quantity related to the vibration of the measurement point.

4. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 2, wherein, The physical quantity measured by the sensor is the displacement of the measurement point.

5. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 2, wherein, The physical quantity measured by the sensor is the strain at the measurement point.

6. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein, Based on the relationship determined by FEM analysis, the rolling element load is calculated according to the measured data.

7. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 2, wherein, The rolling element load is calculated based on radial or axial displacement.

8. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 7, wherein, The physical quantity measured by the sensor is the radial displacement or axial displacement of the measurement point.

9. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 7, wherein, The physical quantity measured by the sensor is the radial acceleration or axial acceleration at the measurement point. The radial displacement or the axial displacement is calculated based on the radial acceleration or the axial acceleration.

10. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 7, wherein, The physical quantity measured by the sensor is the radial strain or axial strain at the measurement point. The radial displacement or the axial displacement is calculated based on the radial strain or the axial strain.

11. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, The rotating machinery is a generator. The measured data includes the output of the generator.

12. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, The rotating machinery is a wind turbine. The measured data includes the direction and speed of the wind affecting the wind turbine.

13. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, The measured data includes physical quantities related to the vibration of the bearing.

14. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 13, wherein, The physical quantities associated with the vibration of the bearing include the amplitude of the vibration of the rolling elements of the bearing.

15. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 13, wherein, Physical quantities associated with the vibration of the bearing include the amplitude of the meshing vibration of the gears in the rotating machinery.

16. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, The measured data includes physical quantities related to vibrations in three mutually perpendicular directions at measurement points in multiple components connected to the main shaft of the bearing.

17. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, In the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load, the measured data includes physical quantities at multiple measurement points arranged in the circumferential direction of the bearing. The rolling element load is calculated based on the measured data, and the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on the rolling element load and the life correction factor.

18. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 1 or 17, wherein, In the step of calculating the maximum rolling element load, the measured data includes physical quantities at multiple measurement points arranged in the circumferential direction of the bearing. The rolling element load is calculated based on the measured data, and the maximum rolling element load is calculated based on the rolling element load, the load ratio of radial load to axial load, and the load factor.

19. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 18, wherein, The load ratio is estimated based on the vectors related to radial vibration and the vectors related to axial vibration measured simultaneously at multiple measurement points arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the bearing.

20. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 18, wherein, The load ratio is estimated based on the ratio of the physical quantities related to radial vibration at the location of maximum load to the physical quantities related to axial vibration.

21. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 18, wherein, The load rate is calculated based on measurement data related to the rotating machinery.

22. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 21, wherein, Based on the circumferential distribution of physical quantities related to radial vibration measured simultaneously at multiple measurement points arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the bearing, the location of the maximum load and the location of the boundary between the load ring and the non-load ring are estimated, thereby estimating the load rate.

23. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 21, wherein, The load factor is estimated based on the angle between the composite vector and the radial direction of the maximum load location. The composite vector is a vector that is related to the radial vibration at the maximum load location and a vector that is related to the vibration in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction and the radial direction of the maximum load location.

24. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, In the step of calculating the estimated peel length of the track ring... Based on the relationship between the operating data of the rotating machinery and the amount of stripping, the amount of stripping for each operating data point is multiplied by the frequency of occurrence and summed to estimate the amount of stripping. The estimated peel length is calculated by adding the amount of peeling performed to the previously obtained peel length.

25. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein, In the step of calculating the remaining life of the latest bearing, the operating condition of the rotating machinery is predicted based on the actual past operating conditions of the rotating machinery.

26. A method for diagnosing the remaining life of a bearing, wherein, Having obtained the measured peel length of the track ring (i.e., the measured peel length), the remaining life of the bearing is calculated based on the measured peel length and a prediction of the operating condition of the rotating machinery. The bearing remaining life diagnosis method of claim 1 is performed without obtaining the actual measured length of the peel.

27. A bearing remaining life diagnostic device for predicting the remaining life of a rolling bearing used in rotating machinery, said rolling bearing having inner and outer raceways and rolling elements between the raceways, wherein, The bearing remaining life diagnostic device includes: The peel length acquisition unit calculates an estimated peel length, i.e., an estimated peel length, for the track ring; and The remaining life calculation unit calculates the remaining life of the bearing based on the estimated peel length of the track ring and predictions of the operating conditions of the rotating machinery. The peel length acquisition unit includes: The maximum rolling element load calculation unit calculates the maximum rolling element load based on measured data. The maximum contact surface pressure calculation unit calculates the maximum contact surface pressure based on the maximum rolling element load; and The peeling estimated length calculation unit calculates the peeling estimated length of the track ring based on the maximum contact surface pressure of the track ring.

Images