A dust filtering device for crushing waste lithium batteries

Abstract

The application discloses a dust filtering device for crushing waste lithium batteries and relates to the technical field of dust filtering. The dust filtering device comprises a shunt cooling mechanism, a rotating cover installed on the outer side of the shunt cooling mechanism, a dust filtering mechanism arranged on one side of the shunt cooling mechanism, and an exhaust fan arranged on the top of the dust filtering mechanism. The shunt cooling mechanism comprises a fixed cylinder, a plurality of connecting columns are fixedly installed on one side of the fixed cylinder, a cooling box is fixedly connected to the end of each connecting column, and a fixed column is fixedly installed around one side of the cooling box. An air extractor is fixedly installed on the inner side of the cooling box close to the fixed column. The shunted dust can be mixed with pumped protective gas, the dust concentration can be reduced, the explosion caused by excessively high dust concentration can be avoided, the dust and the protective gas can be uniformly mixed, and the phenomenon of excessively high local dust concentration caused by uneven mixing of the dust and the protective gas can be avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of dust filtration, and particularly relates to a dust filtration device for waste lithium battery crushing. BACKGROUND

[0002] A large amount of metal lithium and cobalt are contained in waste lithium batteries. Since lithium is a rare metal and cobalt is defined as a strategic metal, if these scarce resources are not recycled, they will inevitably cause great waste of resources. Currently, after the waste lithium ion battery is disassembled and separated from the outer packaging plastic shell, the metal aluminum shell or the metal steel shell by using a battery disassembling machine, the battery core is taken out and sent to subsequent stirring and crushing for final recycling of the waste lithium battery. Harmful gas generated in the stirring process needs to be absorbed and treated. However, the harmful gas also contains a large amount of harmful dust, so the dust contained in the gas needs to be filtered and treated.

[0003] Publication No. CN116637456A discloses a waste gas recovery equipment for disassembling of waste lithium batteries. By arranging the purification component, the gas circulation can be accelerated, so that the filtered gas can be quickly discharged from the purification component to the outside. When the gas is transmitted from the gas guide pipe to the purification component, the rotating rod is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the fan blades continuously rotate in the purification box, the gas flow rate in the purification box is increased, the gas entering the purification box from the gas guide pipe quickly passes through the air permeable plate and the purification plate, the activated carbon in the purification plate adsorbs the harmful substances in the waste gas, and then the purified gas is discharged to the outside through the exhaust cylinder, so that the waste gas recovery treatment is ensured, and the environment is prevented from being polluted. However, the patent still has the following problems in actual use:

[0004] Although the waste gas recovery equipment for disassembling of waste lithium batteries can ensure that the filtered gas can be quickly discharged from the purification component to the outside by arranging the purification component, after the waste lithium battery is crushed, a certain amount of high-temperature dust is generated. After the dust particles are heated, the activity is enhanced, and the pressure is increased. The high-temperature dust cannot be cooled in time. The dust (such as positive and negative electrode materials, diaphragm paper, etc.) generated during the crushing of the lithium battery may cause spontaneous combustion or explosion due to friction, static electricity or local high temperature, especially in a closed space. The risk is higher. At the same time, the high-temperature dust may damage the subsequent treatment equipment (such as a dust remover and a sorting machine), affecting the stable operation of the system. At the same time, in the prior art, the metal dust is cooled by spraying weak alkaline spraying liquid. However, the dust and the weak alkaline spraying liquid cannot be uniformly mixed, and the phenomenon of local high concentration of the dust still occurs, which is not conducive to the safety of dust cooling.

[0005] Therefore, the dust filtration device for waste lithium battery crushing is proposed to solve the problems in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0006] The dust filtering device for waste lithium battery crushing provided by the present application can solve the problems of the prior art that the high-temperature dust generated after the waste lithium battery crushing treatment cannot be cooled in time, the dust generated during the lithium battery crushing (such as positive and negative electrode materials, diaphragm paper, etc.) may be self-ignited or exploded due to friction, static electricity or local high temperature, especially in a closed space, the high-temperature dust may damage the subsequent processing equipment (such as a dust collector and a sorting machine), and the system stable operation is affected, and the dust cannot be uniformly mixed with the weak alkaline spraying liquid in the prior art, and the phenomenon of local high dust concentration still occurs, which is not conducive to the dust cooling safety.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a dust filtering device for waste lithium battery crushing, comprising a shunt cooling mechanism and a rotating cover installed on the outside of the shunt cooling mechanism.

[0008] One side of the shunt cooling mechanism is provided with a dust filtering mechanism, and the top of the dust filtering mechanism is provided with an exhaust fan.

[0009] Further comprising:

[0010] The shunt cooling mechanism comprises a fixed cylinder, a plurality of connecting columns are fixedly installed on one side of the fixed cylinder, a cooling box is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting column, and a fixed column is fixedly installed around one side of the cooling box.

[0011] The inner side of the cooling box close to the fixed column is fixedly installed with an exhaust fan, and the end of the exhaust fan is fixedly installed with an air inlet pipe.

[0012] The inside of one side of the fixed cylinder is provided with a mounting groove, and the inside of the mounting groove is fixedly installed with a first rotating motor.

[0013] The output end of the first rotating motor is fixedly connected with a rotating gear, one side of the rotating gear is meshingly connected with an engagement tooth disc, the outer side of the engagement tooth disc is fixedly installed with a storage box, the top of the storage box is threadedly connected with a sealing plug, one side of the rotating gear close to the fixed cylinder is fixedly installed with a spraying pump, and the outer side of the spraying pump is fixedly installed with a spraying box.

[0014] The outer side of the spraying box is fixedly connected with a spraying pipe, the side of the storage box away from the engagement tooth disc is fixedly installed with a shunt box, a plurality of shunt holes are formed in the inside of the shunt box, the side of the shunt box away from the storage box is fixedly installed with a first connecting pipe, and the outer side of the first connecting pipe is fixedly installed with an air inlet cover.

[0015] The rotating cover is rotatably connected with the fixed cylinder and the cooling box, a first shunt pipe is fixedly installed around the rotating cover, a second connecting pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the first shunt pipe, a rotating inner ring is fixedly installed on the outer side of the second connecting pipe, a rotating outer ring is rotatably connected with the outer side of the rotating inner ring, an air inlet valve is fixedly installed on the bottom of the rotating outer ring, a second shunt pipe is fixedly installed on the side of the second connecting pipe away from the first shunt pipe, and the second shunt pipe is fixedly installed on the outer side of the shunt box close to the shunt hole.

[0016] Preferably, the dust filtering mechanism comprises a filtering box, the filtering box is fixedly connected with the fixed column, a support ring is fixedly installed on the outer side of the filtering box, support legs are fixedly installed around the bottom of the support ring, a collecting hopper is fixedly installed on the bottom of the filtering box, and a blowdown valve is fixedly installed on the bottom of the collecting hopper.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting hole is formed on one side of the filtering box, the filtering box is fixedly connected with the air inlet pipe through the connecting hole, a worm gear protective cover is fixedly installed on the top of the filtering box, the exhaust fan is fixedly installed on the top of the worm gear protective cover, rotating supports are symmetrically installed on the inner side of the filtering box close to the worm gear protective cover, a second rotating motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating support, and a rotating worm is fixedly connected with the output end of the second rotating motor.

[0018] Preferably, a rotating worm is meshingly connected on one side of the rotating worm, a collecting cylinder is fixedly installed in the rotating worm, a driving gear is rotatably connected with the bottom of the collecting cylinder, a connecting elbow is fixedly installed on the outer side of the collecting cylinder, a plurality of driven gears are meshingly connected with the outer side of the driving gear, the driven gears are rotatably connected with the connecting elbow, a meshing gear ring is meshingly connected with the outer side of the driven gear, and the meshing gear ring is fixedly installed on the inner side of the filtering box.

[0019] Preferably, a rotating disc is rotatably connected with the bottom of the meshing gear ring, a filter screen cylinder is fixedly installed on the bottom of the driven gear, the filter screen cylinder is rotatably connected with the rotating disc, a first support disc is rotatably connected with the bottom of the filter screen cylinder, connecting supports are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the first support disc, a bottom rotating ring and a second support disc are fixedly installed on the ends of the two connecting supports, respectively.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom rotating ring is rotatably connected with the filtering box, a bottom connecting shaft is rotatably connected in the second support disc, a cleaning roller is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom connecting shaft, a cleaning brush is fixedly installed on the outer side of the cleaning roller, a cleaning fork is fixedly installed on the bottom of the bottom connecting shaft, and a conveying auger is fixedly installed in the cleaning fork.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the dust filtering device for waste lithium battery crushing has the advantages that: the dust separated can be mixed with the protective gas pumped in to reduce the dust concentration, avoid the explosion caused by high dust concentration, and avoid the phenomenon of high local dust concentration caused by uneven mixing of dust and protective gas, the driving gear and the driven gear are engaged, the driving gear drives the cleaning roller and the cleaning brush to rotate, the cleaning brush can clean the dust adhered to the surface of the filter screen cylinder, and the filtering effect of the filter screen cylinder is improved.

[0022] 1. The shunt cooling mechanism can generate a certain suction force by the exhaust fan, and the dust outlet of the waste lithium battery crushing device is connected to the inlet cover through the first connecting pipe, the high-temperature dust generated by the lithium battery crushing is sucked into the shunt box through the first connecting pipe, the dust sucked in is uniformly separated into multiple streams through the shunt hole and the second shunt pipe, and the protective gas is pumped in through the inlet valve, the first rotating motor is started to drive the rotating gear to rotate, the rotating gear and the engaging tooth plate are engaged, the engaging tooth plate drives the storage box and the shunt box to rotate, the second shunt pipe, the second connecting pipe and the first shunt pipe are driven to rotate by the shunt box, under the relative rotation between the rotating inner ring and the rotating outer ring, the dust separated can be mixed with the protective gas pumped in to reduce the dust concentration, avoid the explosion caused by high dust concentration, and avoid the phenomenon of high local dust concentration caused by uneven mixing of dust and protective gas, the weak alkaline spraying liquid in the storage box is sprayed out from the spraying pipe through the spraying tank by the spraying pump, the weak alkaline spraying liquid is used to cool the metal dust, so as to inhibit the explosion risk and absorb hydrogen fluoride gas, thereby preliminarily purifying the dust, the dust generated by the lithium battery crushing (such as positive and negative materials, diaphragm paper, etc.) can be prevented from causing spontaneous combustion or explosion due to friction, static electricity or local high temperature, and the high-temperature dust can be prevented from damaging the subsequent treatment equipment (such as dust collector and sorting machine), thereby achieving the effect of protecting the treatment equipment, the principle of cooling the metal dust by spraying weak alkaline spraying liquid mainly through physical cooling (evaporation heat absorption) and chemical reaction (neutralization of acidic substances), the water in the spraying liquid evaporates to absorb the surrounding heat, reduces the dust particle and environmental temperature, and the weak alkaline spraying liquid (such as sodium hydroxide solution) can react with the acidic substances (such as sulfides and oxides) in the metal dust to generate insoluble salts, reduce the corrosion and reactivity of the dust, and indirectly reduce the heat exchange efficiency between the dust and the environment.

[0023] 2. By setting the dust filtering mechanism, the dust after the preliminary cooling treatment can be sucked into the filtering box by the exhaust fan, the dust is filtered by the plurality of filter screen barrels, the second rotating motor is started to drive the rotating worm to rotate, the rotating worm and the rotating worm wheel are connected, the rotating worm wheel drives the collecting barrel, the connecting elbow and the driven gear to rotate, the driven gear and the meshing gear ring are connected, the driven gear drives the filter screen barrel to rotate, the dust is uniformly filtered by the rotating mode, the driving gear and the driven gear are connected, the driving gear drives the cleaning roller and the cleaning brush to rotate, the dust adhered to the surface of the filter screen barrel is cleaned by the cleaning brush, the filtering effect of the filter screen barrel is improved, the bottom connecting shaft and the cleaning fork are driven to rotate by the cleaning roller, the dust on the inner wall of the collecting hopper is cleaned by the cleaning fork, and the dust is discharged by the conveying auger and the blowdown valve, and the filtering effect of the dust is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a whole three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the shunt cooling mechanism in the application;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the fixed cylinder and the cooling box in the application;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the shunt box in the application;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the meshing gear disc in the application;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the rotating outer ring in the application;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the dust filtering mechanism in the application;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the filtering box in the application;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the worm wheel protection cover in the application;

[0033] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the filter screen barrel and the cleaning brush in the application;

[0034] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the cleaning fork and the conveying auger in the application.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Diversion and cooling mechanism; 101. Fixed cylinder; 102. Connecting column; 103. Cooling box; 104. Fixed column; 105. Exhaust fan; 106. Air inlet pipe; 107. Mounting slot; 108. First rotating motor; 109. Rotating gear; 110. Meshing gear disc; 111. Storage box; 112. Sealing plug; 113. Spray pump; 114. Spray box; 115. Spray pipe; 116. Diversion box; 117. Diversion hole; 118. First connecting pipe; 119. Air inlet hood; 120. Rotating hood; 121. First diversion pipe; 122. Second connecting pipe; 123. Rotating inner ring; 124. Rotating outer ring; 125. Air inlet valve; 126. Second diversion pipe; 2. Dust filtration mechanism; 20 1. Filter box; 202. Support ring; 203. Support leg; 204. Collection hopper; 205. Drain valve; 206. Connecting hole; 207. Worm gear guard; 208. Exhaust fan; 209. Rotating bracket; 210. Second rotating motor; 211. Rotating worm; 212. Rotating worm wheel; 213. Collection cylinder; 214. Driving gear; 215. Connecting bend; 216. Driven gear; 217. Meshing gear ring; 218. Rotating disk; 219. Filter screen cylinder; 220. First support disk; 221. Connecting bracket; 222. Bottom rotating ring; 223. Second support disk; 224. Bottom connecting shaft; 225. Cleaning roller; 226. Cleaning brush; 227. Cleaning fork; 228. Conveying auger. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Please see Figures 1-7The application provides a technical scheme: a dust filtering device for waste lithium battery crushing, which comprises a shunt cooling mechanism 1 and a rotating cover 120 installed on the outer side of the shunt cooling mechanism 1, a dust filtering mechanism 2 is arranged on one side of the shunt cooling mechanism 1, and an exhaust fan 208 is arranged on the top of the dust filtering mechanism 2, the shunt cooling mechanism 1 comprises a fixed cylinder 101, a plurality of connecting columns 102 are fixedly installed on one side of the fixed cylinder 101, a cooling box 103 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting column 102, a plurality of fixed columns 104 are fixedly installed around one side of the cooling box 103, wherein an air extractor 105 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the cooling box 103 close to the fixed column 104, and an air inlet pipe 106 is fixedly installed on the end of the air extractor 105, wherein an installation groove 107 is formed in the inner side of the fixed cylinder 101, a first rotating motor 108 is fixedly installed in the installation groove 107, a rotating gear 109 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first rotating motor 108, an engagement tooth disc 110 is meshingly connected to one side of the rotating gear 109, a storage box 111 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the engagement tooth disc 110, a sealing plug 112 is threadedly connected to the top of the storage box 111, a spray pump 113 is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating gear 109 close to the fixed cylinder 101, a spray box 114 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the spray pump 113, a spray pipe 115 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the spray box 114, a shunt box 116 is fixedly installed on one side of the storage box 111 away from the engagement tooth disc 110, a plurality of shunt holes 117 are formed in the shunt box 116, a certain suction force is generated by the air extractor 105, the dust outlet of the waste lithium battery crushing device is connected through an air inlet cover 119, the high-temperature dust generated by lithium battery crushing is sucked into the shunt box 116 through a first connecting pipe 118, the sucked dust is evenly shunted into a plurality of strands by the shunt holes 117 and a second shunt pipe 126, and protective gas is pumped in by an air inlet valve 125, the first rotating motor 108 is started to drive the rotating gear 109 to rotate, the engagement tooth disc 110 drives the storage box 111 and the shunt box 116 to rotate by virtue of the meshing connection between the rotating gear 109 and the engagement tooth disc 110, meanwhile, the shunt box 116 drives the second shunt pipe 126, the second connecting pipe 122 and the first shunt pipe 121 to rotate, under the relative rotation between the rotating inner ring 123 and the rotating outer ring 124, the shunted dust can be mixed with the pumped protective gas, the dust concentration is reduced, the explosion phenomenon caused by high dust concentration is avoided, the inside of the storage box 111 stores weak alkaline spray liquid, the spray liquid is mixed with the dust in the form of spray water mist, the size of the storage box 111 can be set according to actual conditions, and the spray liquid is supplemented regularly.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 2-6The first connecting pipe 118 is fixedly installed on one side of the shunt box 116 away from the storage box 111, the outer side of the first connecting pipe 118 is fixedly installed with the air inlet cover 119, the rotating cover 120 is rotatably connected with the fixed cylinder 101 and the cooling box 103, the rotating cover 120 is fixedly installed with the first shunt pipe 121 around, one side of the first shunt pipe 121 is fixedly installed with the second connecting pipe 122, the outer side of the second connecting pipe 122 is fixedly installed with the rotating inner ring 123, the outer side of the rotating inner ring 123 is rotatably connected with the rotating outer ring 124, the bottom of the rotating outer ring 124 is fixedly installed with the air inlet valve 125, one side of the second connecting pipe 122 away from the first shunt pipe 121 is fixedly installed with the second shunt pipe 126, the second shunt pipe 126 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the shunt box 116 close to the shunt hole 117, by uniformly mixing the dust and the protective gas, the phenomenon of local dust concentration being too high caused by uneven mixing of the dust and the protective gas is avoided, at the same time, the weak alkaline spraying liquid in the storage box 111 is sprayed out from the spraying pipe 115 through the spraying box 114 by the spraying pump 113, the metal dust is cooled by the spraying weak alkaline spraying liquid, so that the explosion risk is inhibited and the hydrogen fluoride gas is absorbed, thereby the dust is preliminarily purified, by cooling the dust, the phenomenon of self-ignition or explosion caused by friction, static electricity or local high temperature of the dust such as positive and negative electrode materials, diaphragm paper and the like generated when the lithium battery is broken is avoided, at the same time, the high-temperature dust avoids damaging the subsequent treatment equipment such as a dust remover and a sorting machine, so that the effect of protecting the treatment equipment is achieved.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figures 7-10The dust filtering mechanism 2 comprises a filtering box 201 fixedly connected with the fixed column 104, a supporting ring 202 fixedly installed on the outer side of the filtering box 201, supporting legs 203 fixedly installed around the bottom of the supporting ring 202, a collecting hopper 204 fixedly installed at the bottom of the filtering box 201, a blowdown valve 205 fixedly installed at the bottom of the collecting hopper 204, a connecting hole 206 formed in one side of the filtering box 201, the filtering box 201 fixedly connected with the air inlet pipe 106 through the connecting hole 206, a worm gear protective cover 207 fixedly installed at the top of the filtering box 201, an exhaust fan 208 fixedly installed at the top of the worm gear protective cover 207, rotating supports 209 symmetrically installed at the inner side of the filtering box 201 close to the worm gear protective cover 207, a second rotating motor 210 fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating support 209, a rotating worm 211 fixedly connected with the output end of the second rotating motor 210, a rotating worm wheel 212 meshingly connected with one side of the rotating worm 211, a collecting cylinder 213 fixedly installed in the rotating worm wheel 212, a driving gear wheel 214 rotatably connected with the bottom of the collecting cylinder 213, a connecting elbow 215 fixedly installed on the outer side of the collecting cylinder 213, a plurality of driven gear wheels 216 meshingly connected with the outer side of the driving gear wheel 214, the driven gear wheels 216 rotatably connected with the connecting elbow 215, a meshing tooth ring 217 meshingly connected with the outer side of the driven gear wheel 216, the meshing tooth ring 217 fixedly installed in the filtering box 201, a rotating disc 218 rotatably connected with the bottom of the meshing tooth ring 217, a filtering screen cylinder 219 fixedly installed at the bottom of the driven gear wheel 216, the filtering screen cylinder 219 rotatably connected with the rotating disc 218, a first supporting disc 220 rotatably connected with the bottom of the filtering screen cylinder 219, the dust after the preliminary cooling treatment is sucked into the filtering box 201 by the exhaust fan 208, the dust is filtered by the plurality of filtering screen cylinders 219, at the same time, the second rotating motor 210 is started to drive the rotating worm 211 to rotate, the rotating worm wheel 212 drives the collecting cylinder 213, the connecting elbow 215 and the driven gear wheel 216 to rotate by virtue of the meshing connection between the rotating worm 211 and the rotating worm wheel 212, the driven gear wheel 216 drives the filtering screen cylinder 219 to rotate by virtue of the meshing connection between the driven gear wheel 216 and the meshing tooth ring 217, and the dust is uniformly filtered by the rotating mode.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 10-11The outer side of the first supporting disc 220 is symmetrically provided with a connecting support 221, the ends of the two connecting supports 221 are respectively fixedly provided with a bottom rotating ring 222 and a second supporting disc 223, the bottom rotating ring 222 is rotatably connected with the filter box 201, the inside of the second supporting disc 223 is rotatably connected with a bottom connecting shaft 224, the top of the bottom connecting shaft 224 is fixedly provided with a cleaning roller 225, the outer side of the cleaning roller 225 is fixedly provided with a cleaning brush 226, the bottom of the bottom connecting shaft 224 is fixedly provided with a cleaning fork 227, the inside of the cleaning fork 227 is fixedly provided with a conveying auger 228, the driving gear 214 is meshingly connected with the driven gear 216, so that the driving gear 214 drives the cleaning roller 225 and the cleaning brush 226 to rotate, the cleaning brush 226 can clean the dust adhered to the surface of the filter screen cylinder 219, thereby improving the filtering effect of the filter screen cylinder 219, the cleaning roller 225 drives the bottom connecting shaft 224 and the cleaning fork 227 to rotate, the cleaning fork 227 can clean the dust on the inner wall of the collecting hopper 204, and the conveying auger 228 and the blowdown valve 205 can remove the dust, thereby achieving the effect of filtering dust.

[0041] Working principle: Before using the dust filtering device for crushing waste lithium batteries, the overall situation of the device needs to be checked to determine whether it can work normally, according to the Figure 1 Figure 11 As shown in the figure, first, the suction fan 105 generates a certain suction force, and the dust removal port of the waste lithium battery crushing device is connected through the air inlet cover 119, the high-temperature dust generated by the lithium battery crushing is sucked into the shunt box 116 through the first connecting pipe 118, the sucked dust is evenly shunted into multiple strands by the shunt hole 117 and the second shunt pipe 126, and the protective gas is pumped in by the air inlet valve 125, the first rotating motor 108 is started to drive the rotating gear 109 to rotate, the rotating gear 109 is meshingly connected with the engaging tooth plate 110, the engaging tooth plate 110 drives the storage box 111 and the shunt box 116 to rotate, and the shunt box 116 drives the second shunt pipe 126, the second connecting pipe 122 and the first shunt pipe 121 to rotate, under the relative rotation between the rotating inner ring 123 and the rotating outer ring 124, the shunted dust and the pumped protective gas can be mixed, thereby reducing the dust concentration and avoiding the explosion caused by high dust concentration.

[0042] ​Secondly, by uniformly mixing the dust with the protective gas, the phenomenon of local dust concentration caused by uneven mixing of the dust and the protective gas is avoided, and the weak alkaline spraying liquid in the storage tank 111 is sprayed out from the spraying pipe 115 through the spraying tank 114 by the spraying pump 113. The weak alkaline spraying liquid is used to cool the metal dust, so as to inhibit the explosion risk and absorb hydrogen fluoride gas, thereby preliminarily purifying the dust. By cooling the dust, the phenomenon of spontaneous combustion or explosion caused by friction, static electricity or local high temperature of the dust such as positive and negative electrode materials and diaphragm paper generated when the lithium battery is broken is avoided, and the high-temperature dust does not damage the subsequent treatment equipment such as the dust collector and the sorting machine, thereby achieving the effect of protecting the treatment equipment.

[0043] Finally, the dust after the preliminary cooling treatment is sucked into the filter box 201 by the exhaust fan 208, and the dust is filtered by the plurality of filter screen cylinders 219. Meanwhile, the second rotating motor 210 is started to drive the rotating worm 211 to rotate. The rotating worm 211 and the rotating worm wheel 212 are meshed and connected, so that the rotating worm wheel 212 drives the collecting cylinder 213, the connecting elbow 215 and the driven gear 216 to rotate. The driven gear 216 and the meshing gear ring 217 are meshed and connected, so that the driven gear 216 drives the filter screen cylinder 219 to rotate. Through the rotating mode, the dust can be uniformly filtered. Meanwhile, the driving gear 214 and the driven gear 216 are meshed and connected, so that the driving gear 214 drives the cleaning roller 225 and the cleaning brush 226 to rotate. The cleaning brush 226 can clean the dust adhered to the surface of the filter screen cylinder 219, thereby improving the filtering effect of the filter screen cylinder 219. The cleaning roller 225 drives the bottom connecting shaft 224 and the cleaning fork 227 to rotate. The cleaning fork 227 can clean the dust on the inner wall of the collecting hopper 204, and the dust is discharged by the conveying auger 228 and the blowdown valve 205, thereby achieving the effect of filtering the dust. The water mist generated by spraying is mixed with the dust and is sucked into the filter box 201. After being filtered by the filter screen cylinder 219, the dust is cleaned by the cleaning brush 226 and falls into the collecting hopper 204 for collection.

[0044] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features, and any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dust filtration device for crushing waste lithium batteries, comprising a diversion and cooling mechanism (1) and a rotating cover (120) installed on the outside of the diversion and cooling mechanism (1). A dust filter mechanism (2) is provided on one side of the diversion cooling mechanism (1), and an exhaust fan (208) is provided on the top of the dust filter mechanism (2). Its features are, Also includes: The diversion cooling mechanism (1) includes a fixed cylinder (101), a plurality of connecting columns (102) are fixedly installed on one side of the fixed cylinder (101), a cooling box (103) is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting column (102), and fixed columns (104) are fixedly installed around one side of the cooling box (103). Among them, a fan (105) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the cooling box (103) near the fixed column (104), and an air inlet pipe (106) is fixedly installed at the end of the fan (105). The fixed cylinder (101) has an installation groove (107) on one side inside, and a first rotating motor (108) is fixedly installed inside the installation groove (107). A rotating gear (109) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first rotating motor (108). A meshing gear disc (110) is meshed on one side of the rotating gear (109). A storage box (111) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the meshing gear disc (110). A sealing plug (112) is threadedly connected to the top of the storage box (111). A spray pump (113) is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating gear (109) near the fixed cylinder (101). A spray box (114) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the spray pump (113). A spray pipe (115) is fixedly connected to the outside of the spray box (114). A diversion box (116) is fixedly installed on the side of the storage box (111) away from the meshing gear plate (110). A plurality of diversion holes (117) are opened inside the diversion box (116). A first connecting pipe (118) is fixedly installed on the side of the diversion box (116) away from the storage box (111). An air inlet hood (119) is fixedly installed on the outside of the first connecting pipe (118). The rotating cover (120) is rotatably connected to the fixed cylinder (101) and the cooling box (103) respectively. A first diversion pipe (121) is fixedly installed around the rotating cover (120). A second connecting pipe (122) is fixedly installed on one side of the first diversion pipe (121). A rotating inner ring (123) is fixedly installed on the outside of the second connecting pipe (122). A rotating outer ring (124) is rotatably connected to the outside of the rotating inner ring (123). An air inlet valve (125) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating outer ring (124). A second diversion pipe (126) is fixedly installed on the side of the second connecting pipe (122) away from the first diversion pipe (121). The second diversion pipe (126) is fixedly installed on the outside of the diversion box (116) near the diversion hole (117).

2. The dust filtration device for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust filtration mechanism (2) includes a filter box (201), which is fixedly connected to a fixed column (104). A support ring (202) is fixedly installed on the outside of the filter box (201), and support legs (203) are fixedly installed around the bottom of the support ring (202). A collection hopper (204) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter box (201), and a drain valve (205) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the collection hopper (204).

3. The dust filtration device for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connection hole (206) is provided on one side of the filter box (201). The filter box (201) is fixedly connected to the air intake pipe (106) through the connection hole (206). A worm gear protective cover (207) is fixedly installed on the top of the filter box (201). The exhaust fan (208) is fixedly installed on the top of the worm gear protective cover (207). A rotating bracket (209) is symmetrically installed on the inner side of the filter box (201) near the worm gear protective cover (207). A second rotating motor (210) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating bracket (209). A rotating worm (211) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second rotating motor (210).

4. The dust filtration device for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating worm gear (212) is meshed with one side of the rotating worm (211). A collection cylinder (213) is fixedly installed inside the rotating worm gear (212). A driving gear (214) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the collection cylinder (213). A connecting bend (215) is fixedly installed on the outside of the collection cylinder (213). Several driven gears (216) are meshed with the outside of the driving gear (214). The driven gears (216) are rotatably connected to the connecting bend (215). A meshing toothed ring (217) is meshed with the outside of the driven gears (216). The meshing toothed ring (217) is fixedly installed on the inside of the filter box (201).

5. A dust filtration device for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the meshing gear ring (217) is rotatably connected to a rotating disk (218), and the bottom of the driven gear (216) is fixedly installed with a filter screen cylinder (219). The filter screen cylinder (219) is rotatably connected to the rotating disk (218). The bottom of the filter screen cylinder (219) is rotatably connected to a first support disk (220). Connecting brackets (221) are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the first support disk (220). The ends of the two connecting brackets (221) are respectively fixedly installed with a bottom rotating ring (222) and a second support disk (223).

6. A dust filtration device for crushing waste lithium batteries according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom rotating ring (222) is rotatably connected to the filter box (201). The bottom connecting shaft (224) is rotatably connected inside the second support plate (223). A cleaning roller (225) is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom connecting shaft (224). A cleaning brush (226) is fixedly installed on the outside of the cleaning roller (225). A cleaning fork (227) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the bottom connecting shaft (224). A conveying auger (228) is fixedly installed inside the cleaning fork (227).

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