Electrolysis multifunctional crown block with automatic rail blowing and protection structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of multifunctional crown blocks, in particular to an electrolysis multifunctional crown block with an automatic rail blowing and protection structure. The electrolysis multifunctional crown block comprises a base and a rail beam, a moving assembly is installed at the corner of the base, and a protruding rail is arranged on the rail beam; a first cleaning assembly and a second cleaning assembly are installed on the front side and the rear side of the moving assembly through a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate correspondingly, and a continuous cleaning mechanism for the track is formed. And a detection column is arranged above the first cleaning assembly, so that the first cleaning assembly is in elastic contact with the track and monitors the obstacle crossing height in real time. When a large obstacle is encountered, a detection column transmits a displacement signal to a control module, emergency braking is triggered, direct collision of walking wheels is avoided, an air gun is installed on a second connecting plate to be matched with a second cleaning assembly to conduct rail blowing cleaning on a rail beam, the whole crown block has the automatic cleaning and anti-collision protection functions, the rail beam can be efficiently cleaned, and the working efficiency is improved. And the movement stability of the base is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of multifunctional overhead traveling crane, and particularly relates to an electrolytic multifunctional overhead traveling crane with automatic rail blowing and protection structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electrolytic multifunctional overhead traveling crane is a core handling equipment in a metallurgical plant such as an aluminum electrolysis plant and a zinc electrolysis plant, and is responsible for completing key operations such as anode replacement, electrolyte crushing and aluminum discharge. The operation reliability thereof is directly related to the continuity and safety of the entire production process. The overhead traveling crane moves on a track erected at a high place in a plant through a walking mechanism thereof, and the working state of the track and the walking wheel is a basis for ensuring stable operation of the overhead traveling crane.

[0003] Due to a high temperature and high corrosion in an electrolytic workshop, and the fact that the electrolytic workshop is full of electrolyte dust and fluoride volatile gas, these substances continuously settle and accumulate on the surface of the track, and after being combined with oil stains and water vapor, form a hard and dense solid electrolyte crust. The existing cleaning method mainly relies on manual periodic cleaning or a simple fixed scraper, and the efficiency is low, and the adhering substances on the V-shaped groove and the inner side of the track cannot be completely removed. In addition to the accumulated dust on the track, there may be unexpected obstacles such as a bolt that falls off, a metal droplet that splashes and solidifies, a large piece of electrolyte or a tool that is left behind during maintenance. The conventional walking wheel set lacks an effective active detection and protection mechanism. When the walking wheel directly hits these obstacles, the wheel rim is lightly bitten and the tread is lightly depressed, and the wheel shaft is deformed, the bearing is damaged, and even the walking motor is overloaded and burned out, and more seriously, the walking wheel may "climb the track" and cause a major safety accident of the overhead traveling crane. There is a lack of an overhead traveling crane track structure that can be integrated into the walking system itself and can effectively absorb the impact and clean the track before or during the collision. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide an electrolytic multifunctional overhead traveling crane with automatic rail blowing and protection structure to solve the problems in the background.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: An electrolytic multifunctional overhead traveling crane with automatic rail blowing and protection structure comprises a base, an operation room is installed at the top end of the base, a rotating seat is installed at the bottom end of the base, a telescopic rod is installed at the bottom end of the rotating seat, a rotating disc is installed at the bottom end of the telescopic rod, a dust removal pipeline assembly, an anode replacement mechanical hand and a crust breaking device are installed on the rotating disc, and the electrolytic multifunctional overhead traveling crane further comprises: Track beams are arranged in parallel at two side ends below the base, and a convex rail is arranged at the top of the track beam. The motion assembly includes a wheel column and a motion wheel mounted at the bottom of the wheel column. The top of the wheel column is mounted at the bottom corner of the base. A first drive member is mounted on the side of the wheel column. The output end of the first drive member is connected to the wheel axle of the motion wheel. The middle of the motion wheel is provided with a concave structure that cooperates with a convex rail. The first cleaning component is mounted on the side of the moving component away from the base via a first connecting plate, and its bottom contacts the convex rail for scraping off large, loose solidified electrolytes. The second cleaning component is installed on the side of the moving component near the base via the second connecting plate. Its bottom contacts the convex rail and is used to remove debris that remains or adheres to the convex rail after being crushed by the moving component. An air gun is installed in the middle of the second connecting plate. The detection column, installed above the first cleaning assembly, is used to connect the moving assembly and the first cleaning assembly. The detection column enables the bottom of the first cleaning assembly to make elastic contact with the convex rail and can detect the obstacle-crossing height of the first cleaning assembly.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the first cleaning assembly includes a first wheel frame plate, a first cleaning wheel installed at the bottom of the first wheel frame plate, and a second driving member installed on the side of the first wheel frame plate. The output end of the second driving member is connected to the axle of the first cleaning wheel. The second cleaning assembly includes a second wheel frame plate, a second cleaning wheel installed at the bottom of the second wheel frame plate, and a third driving member installed on the side of the second wheel frame plate. The output end of the third driving member is connected to the axle of the second cleaning wheel. The top end of the first wheel frame plate is connected to the bottom end of the detection column. The middle part of the detection column is connected to one side of the outer wall of the axle through a first connecting plate. The top end of the second wheel frame plate is connected to the other side of the wheel column through a second connecting plate.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the first wheel frame plate and the second connecting plate are both assembled from two L-shaped plates. The middle part of the first cleaning wheel and the second cleaning wheel is provided with an inner concave structure that cooperates with the convex rail. The outer periphery of the middle part and the outer periphery of the end part of the first cleaning wheel and the second cleaning wheel are respectively equipped with scrapers and protective sleeves.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the scraper is configured as two combined with each other, the shape and size of the scraper correspond to the shape and size of the concave structure in the middle of the corresponding cleaning wheel, a plurality of mounting holes are evenly distributed on the scraper, and the scraper is mounted on the corresponding cleaning wheel by bolts.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the upper and lower parts of the detection column are respectively provided with a connected mounting groove and a cylindrical hole, a vertical rod is inserted and connected to the lower part of the cylindrical hole, the bottom end of the vertical rod is connected to the top end of the first wheel frame plate, a movable plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove, the top end of the vertical rod is connected to the bottom end of the movable plate through an elastic element, a mounting base is detachably installed at the top of the mounting groove, a pressure sensor is installed at the lower part of the mounting base, and the bottom end of the pressure sensor abuts against the bottom end of the movable plate.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the lower part of the vertical rod is provided with scale lines, and a handle is installed on the side of the first wheel frame plate.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the middle part of the first connecting plate is transversely inserted and connected to the upper part of the wheel column, a plurality of damping columns are installed between the detection column and the base, and the outer wall of the detection column on the side away from the base is connected to an outer protective plate by a crossbar.

[0012] This invention has the following advantages: The overhead crane utilizes a first and a second cleaning assembly arranged front and rear to form a three-tiered continuous protection system for the convex rail: "pre-cleaning - driving through - fine cleaning." The first cleaning assembly actively removes large pieces of solidified electrolyte and other loose impurities through mechanical scraping, fundamentally avoiding increased running resistance and slippage caused by debris accumulation. The second cleaning assembly, in conjunction with an air gun, thoroughly removes residual debris and dust, achieving efficient, pollution-free, all-around cleaning. It automatically cleans the track beam as the base moves and can collect impurities through a collection frame. The first cleaning assembly is monitored by a detection column. Not only does it possess flexible obstacle-crossing capabilities, but it also features real-time monitoring. When encountering large obstacles that cannot be crushed, the vertical displacement of the first cleaning component triggers the detection column to send a signal to the control module, thereby urgently braking the overhead crane before the traveling wheels collide violently with the obstacle. This active anti-collision mechanism changes the traditional situation where the traveling wheels passively bear the impact, effectively preventing serious accidents such as wheel flange damage, traveling motor overload, or even derailment caused by impact. It greatly improves the reliability and safety of the equipment under harsh working conditions. The entire overhead crane integrates active cleaning, real-time monitoring, and intelligent protection, and has stronger functionality. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the track beam and the collection frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the action component, detection column, first cleaning component and second cleaning component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a side view of the internal structure of the first cleaning component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base; 101. Control room; 102. Rotating seat; 103. Telescopic rod; 104. Rotating disk; 105. Dust removal duct assembly; 106. Anode replacement robot; 107. Shell breaking device; 2. Track beam; 201. Convex rail; 3. Collection frame; 301. Placement frame; 302. Collection box; 303. Pipeline; 304. Inclined plate; 4. Connecting component; 401. Diagonal rod; 402. First mounting plate; 403. Second mounting plate; 5. Motion assembly; 501. Wheel column; 502. Motion wheel; 503. First drive component; 504. First connecting plate; 505. Second connecting plate 6. Detection column; 601. Mounting slot; 602. Columnar groove; 603. Vertical rod; 604. Movable plate; 605. Mounting base; 606. Pressure sensor; 607. Horizontal bar; 608. Scale line; 609. Elastic element; 610. Handle; 7. First cleaning assembly; 701. First wheel frame plate; 702. First cleaning wheel; 703. Second drive component; 8. Second cleaning assembly; 801. Second wheel frame plate; 802. Second cleaning wheel; 803. Third drive component; 9. Damping column; 10. Outer protective plate; 11. Scraper; 1101. Mounting hole; 12. Protective sleeve; 13. Air gun. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 4An electrolytic multifunctional overhead crane with automatic rail blowing and protective structure includes a base 1, an operating room 101 mounted on the top of the base 1, a rotating seat 102 mounted on the bottom of the base 1, a telescopic rod 103 mounted on the bottom of the rotating seat 102, and a rotating disk 104 mounted on the bottom of the telescopic rod 103. A dust removal pipe assembly 105, an anode replacement robot 106, and a shell-breaking device 107 are mounted on the rotating disk 104. The models of the dust removal pipe assembly 105, the anode replacement robot 106, and the shell-breaking device 107 can be selected from existing technologies according to requirements. It also includes two track beams 2 and two parallel track beams 5. Below both ends of the base 1, a convex rail 201 is provided on the top of the track beam 2. A collection frame 3 is installed below the track beam 2 via a connector 4. The moving assembly 5 includes a wheel column 501 and a moving wheel 502 installed at the bottom of the wheel column 501. The top of the wheel column 501 is fixedly connected to the bottom corner of the base 1 via a flange and a set of high-strength bolts. A first driving member 503 is installed on the side of the wheel column 501. The output end of the first driving member 503 is connected to the axle of the moving wheel 502. The middle of the moving wheel 502 is provided with a concave structure that cooperates with the convex rail 201. A first cleaning device is installed on the side of the moving assembly 5 away from the base 1 via a first connecting plate 504. The first cleaning component 7 has its bottom in contact with the convex rail 201 and is used to scrape off large, loose solidified electrolyte. A second cleaning component 8 is installed on the side of the moving component 5 near the base 1 via a second connecting plate 505. The bottom of the second cleaning component 8 is in contact with the convex rail 201 and is used to remove residual or adhered debris from the convex rail 201 after being crushed by the moving component 5. An air gun 13 is installed in the middle of the second connecting plate 505 and is connected to an air pump device on the base 1. A detection column 6 is installed above the first cleaning component 7 and is used to connect the moving component 5 and the first cleaning component 7. 6. The bottom of the first cleaning component 7 is in elastic contact with the convex rail 201, and the obstacle-crossing height of the first cleaning component 7 can be detected. When the first cleaning component 7 cleans the surface of the convex rail 201, if there are large impurities on the convex rail 201, the first cleaning component 7 will move upward when moving to avoid obstacles. The vertical displacement of the first cleaning component 7 is detected by the detection column 6. The detection column 6, the moving component 5, the first cleaning component 7, and the second cleaning component 8 are all connected to the control module circuit in the operating room 101. When the vertical displacement of the first cleaning component 7 is detected to be high, the moving component 5 will be controlled to stop moving through the control module to avoid the moving component 5 from derailing or the base 1 from shaking too much.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5The first cleaning assembly 7 includes a first wheel plate 701, a first cleaning wheel 702 installed at the bottom of the first wheel plate 701, and a second driving member 703 installed on the side of the first wheel plate 701. The output end of the second driving member 703 is connected to the axle of the first cleaning wheel 702. The second cleaning assembly 8 includes a second wheel plate 801, a second cleaning wheel 802 installed at the bottom of the second wheel plate 801, and a third driving member 803 installed on the side of the second wheel plate 801. The output end of the third driving member 803 is connected to the axle of the second cleaning wheel 802. The top end of the first wheel plate 701 is connected to the bottom end of the detection column 6. The middle part of the detection column 6 is connected to one side of the wheel column 501 through a first connecting plate 504. The top of the second wheel plate 801 is connected to the other side of the wheel column 501 through a second connecting plate 505. The ends of the first connecting plate 504 and the second connecting plate 505 are connected to corresponding positions by welding. The first drive unit 503, the second drive unit 703, and the third drive unit 803 are all selected as servo motors.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The first wheel frame plate 701 and the second wheel frame plate 801 are both assembled from two L-shaped plates by bolts to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the cleaning wheels. The first cleaning wheel 702 and the second cleaning wheel 802 each have a concave structure in the middle that mates with the convex rail 201. Scrapers 11 and protective sleeves 12 are respectively installed on the outer periphery of the middle and the outer periphery of the ends of the first cleaning wheel 702 and the second cleaning wheel 802. The scrapers 11 are configured as two combined pieces, and the shape and size of the scrapers 11 correspond to the shape and size of the concave structure in the middle of the corresponding cleaning wheel. Several mounting holes 1101 are evenly distributed on the scrapers 11, and the scrapers 11 are installed on the corresponding cleaning wheels by bolts. The inner surfaces of the scrapers 11 on the first cleaning wheel 702 and the second cleaning wheel 802 are respectively provided with rigid nylon bristles and flexible wear-resistant bristles. The rigid nylon bristles are used to scrape off more stubborn deposits, and the flexible wear-resistant bristles are used to sweep away fine dust.

[0027] Example 2: See Figure 1 , Figure 3Based on Embodiment 1, the upper and lower parts of the detection column 6 are respectively provided with a connected mounting groove 601 and a cylindrical hole 602. A vertical rod 603 is inserted and connected to the lower part of the cylindrical hole 602. The bottom end of the vertical rod 603 is connected to the top end of the first wheel frame plate 701. A movable plate 604 is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove 601. The top end of the vertical rod 603 is connected to the bottom end of the movable plate 604 through an elastic element 609, which is a compression spring. A mounting base 605 is detachably installed at the top of the mounting groove 601. A pressure sensor 606 is installed at the lower part of the mounting base 605. The bottom end of the pressure sensor 606 abuts against the bottom end of the movable plate 604. The lower part of the vertical rod 603 is provided with a scale line 608, and a handle 610 is installed on the side of the first wheel frame plate 701. The detection column 6 needs to be adjusted during use; that is, the vertical rod 603 is raised by the handle 610, and the height of the vertical rod 603 is observed through the scale line 608. When the vertical rod 603 moves to a preset danger height (i.e., a height that easily causes the moving wheel 502 to wobble or derail), the value of the pressure sensor 606 is recorded as an alarm threshold. The control module has a pre-stored safety displacement threshold. During system initialization, the crane can be driven to run at low speed for a distance on the clean track section, and the average value of the pressure sensor 606 during this period is recorded as a benchmark. The safety threshold is then increased by a preset offset. This method can automatically compensate for track smoothness errors and improve detection accuracy. When the base 1 moves subsequently, when the real-time detection value of the pressure sensor 606 reaches the threshold, the control module controls the moving component 5 to stop operating.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 The first connecting plate 504 is laterally interlocked with the upper part of the wheel column 501. Several damping columns 9 are installed between the detection column 6 and the base 1. An outer protective plate 10 is connected to the outer wall of the detection column 6 on the side away from the base 1 via a crossbar 607. The outer protective plate 10 provides further protection for the base 1 and the operating chamber 101. The damping column 9 is a hydraulic damper or a pneumatic damper, with its two ends hinged to the detection column 6 and the base 1 respectively. Its main function is to absorb and dissipate the longitudinal vibration energy generated by the first cleaning component 7 when crossing obstacles or being impacted, preventing vibration from being transmitted to the base 1 and the operating chamber 101, and improving the overall operational stability of the equipment.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4The connector 4 includes a diagonal rod 401 and a first mounting plate 402 and a second mounting plate 403 respectively connected to the two ends of the diagonal rod 401. The diagonal rods 401 are evenly distributed on both sides of the lower part of the track beam 2. The first mounting plate 402 and the second mounting plate 403 are respectively bolted to the outer wall of the track beam 2 and the inner wall of the collection frame 3. The length of the collection frame 3 corresponds to the length of the track beam 2. A placement frame 301 is connected to the bottom of one end of the collection frame 3. A collection box 302 is installed in the placement frame 301. A drain pipe 303 is installed at the bottom of one end of the collection frame 3. The bottom end of the drain pipe 303 is detachably connected to the inlet end of the collection box 302. A ramp plate 304 is installed on the inner bottom surface of the collection frame 3. The ramp plate 304 is inclined downward toward the drain pipe 303. The ramp plate 304 guides the impurities falling into the collection frame 3 into the drain pipe 303. The air gun 13 is connected to the air pump device through a solenoid valve. The control module controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve according to the crane's operating status and the working signal of the second cleaning component 8 to achieve timed or continuous blowing, so as to blow the cleaned dust into the collection frame 3.

[0030] Preferably, both the track beam 2 and the convex rail 201 are made of high manganese steel (ZGMn13) or wear-resistant alloy steel. The wheel bodies of the moving wheel 502, the first cleaning wheel 702, and the second cleaning wheel 802 are made of forged alloy steel (such as 42CrMo), and the wheel treads are surface hardened to make their hardness higher than that of the track. The driving components drive the corresponding wheel axles through key connections or flange connections. The scraper 11 is made of high-chromium wear-resistant alloy cast iron (such as Cr26) or hard alloy. The scraper 11 is installed on the corresponding cleaning wheel with high-strength internal hex bolts and anti-loosening washers for easy replacement. The collection frame 3 and the ramp plate 304 are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, which can withstand the highly corrosive environment of the electrolysis workshop. The ramp plate 304 and the inner wall of the collection frame 3 are connected by continuous welds to ensure a smooth transition and facilitate the sliding of impurities. The detection column 6 and the vertical rod 603 are made of chrome-plated 45# steel or stainless steel to ensure rigidity, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. The outer protective plate 10 is made of wear-resistant nylon or polyurethane board, which has the advantages of being lightweight, wear-resistant and impact-resistant. The outer protective plate 10 serves as a buffer protective layer to prevent direct metal-to-metal collisions.

[0031] Working Principle: When the overhead crane starts operating, the control module in the control room 101 simultaneously activates the first cleaning component 7 and the second cleaning component 8. The second drive unit 703 in the first cleaning component 7 drives the first cleaning wheel 702 to rotate. Its concave structure, combined with the shape of the convex rail 201, uses the central scraper 11 and rigid nylon bristles to powerfully scrape the top and sides of the track, pre-removing large, stubborn solidified electrolytes. Subsequently, the moving wheel 502, driven by the first drive unit 503, passes through the pre-cleaned track area. Immediately afterwards, the second cleaning component 8 begins operation. The third drive unit 803 drives the second cleaning wheel 802 to rotate, using its scraper 11 and flexible, wear-resistant bristles to perform a fine cleaning of the track, sweeping away the fine debris and dust remaining after the moving wheel 502 has compacted it. Simultaneously, the air gun 13 in the center of the second connecting plate 505 sprays compressed air, blowing up fine dust and discharging it towards the outside of the track beam 2, ensuring the track interface is thoroughly clean. All removed impurities fall into the collection frame 3 under the guidance of gravity and the ramp plate 304, and are finally collected into the collection box 302 through the pipe 303, realizing the complete closed collection and cleaning of impurities.

[0032] During the cleaning process, the first cleaning component 7 also acts as an "anti-collision probe." Its top detection column 6, through the elastic element 609 at the bottom of the vertical rod 603, ensures that the first cleaning wheel 702 remains in elastic contact with the track. When a large obstacle is present on the track, the first cleaning wheel 702 is forced to rise during obstacle clearance, causing the vertical rod 603 to compress the elastic element 609 and move upwards. The movable plate 604 at the top of the vertical rod 603 rises accordingly, applying increased pressure to the pressure sensor 606. The control system monitors this pressure value in real time. Once it reaches a preset alarm threshold (corresponding to the danger height indicated by the scale line 608 on the vertical rod 603), the control module immediately determines that there is a risk of derailment or severe collision and issues an emergency stop command to the moving component 5, stopping the crane. This mechanism completes detection and braking before the moving wheel 502 contacts the obstacle, effectively preventing equipment damage and operational accidents. Furthermore, the damping column 9 between the detection column 6 and the base 1, along with the outer protective plate 10, together constitute a buffer and physical protection system, further enhancing the overall safety and stability of the equipment.

[0033] All components of this invention are general standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and therefore all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-functional electrolytic overhead crane with an automatic rail blowing and protective structure, comprising a base, an operating room mounted at the top of the base, a rotating seat mounted at the bottom of the base, a telescopic rod mounted at the bottom of the rotating seat, a rotating disk mounted at the bottom of the telescopic rod, and a dust removal pipe assembly, an anode replacement robot, and a shell-breaking device mounted on the rotating disk, characterized in that, Also includes: The number of track beams is set to two and they are arranged in parallel below the two ends of the base. The top of the track beam is provided with a convex rail and the bottom of the track beam is installed with a collection frame. The motion assembly includes a wheel column and a motion wheel mounted at the bottom of the wheel column. The top of the wheel column is mounted at the bottom corner of the base. A first drive member is mounted on the side of the wheel column. The output end of the first drive member is connected to the wheel axle of the motion wheel. The middle of the motion wheel is provided with a concave structure that cooperates with a convex rail. The first cleaning component is mounted on the side of the moving component away from the base via a first connecting plate, and its bottom contacts the convex rail for scraping off large, loose solidified electrolytes. The second cleaning component is installed on the side of the moving component near the base via the second connecting plate. Its bottom contacts the convex rail and is used to remove debris that remains or adheres to the convex rail after being crushed by the moving component. An air gun is installed in the middle of the second connecting plate. The detection column, installed above the first cleaning assembly, is used to connect the moving assembly and the first cleaning assembly. The detection column enables the bottom of the first cleaning assembly to make elastic contact with the convex rail and can detect the obstacle-crossing height of the first cleaning assembly.

2. The electrolytic multifunctional overhead crane with automatic rail blowing and protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cleaning assembly includes a first wheel plate, a first cleaning wheel installed at the bottom of the first wheel plate, and a second driving member installed on the side of the first wheel plate. The output end of the second driving member is connected to the axle of the first cleaning wheel. The second cleaning assembly includes a second wheel plate, a second cleaning wheel installed at the bottom of the second wheel plate, and a third driving member installed on the side of the second wheel plate. The output end of the third driving member is connected to the axle of the second cleaning wheel. The top of the first wheel plate is connected to the bottom of the detection column. The middle part of the detection column is connected to one side of the outer wall of the axle through a first connecting plate. The top of the second wheel plate is connected to the other side of the wheel column through a second connecting plate.

3. The electrolytic multifunctional overhead crane with automatic rail blowing and protective structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first wheel frame plate and the second connecting plate are both assembled from two L-shaped plates. The middle part of the first cleaning wheel and the second cleaning wheel is provided with a concave structure that cooperates with the convex rail. The outer periphery of the middle part and the outer periphery of the end part of the first cleaning wheel and the second cleaning wheel are respectively equipped with scrapers and protective sleeves.

4. The electrolytic multifunctional overhead crane with automatic rail blowing and protective structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The scraper is configured as two pieces that are combined with each other. The shape and size of the scraper correspond to the shape and size of the concave structure in the middle of the corresponding cleaning wheel. Several mounting holes are evenly distributed on the scraper. The scraper is mounted on the corresponding cleaning wheel by bolts.

5. The electrolytic multifunctional overhead crane with automatic rail blowing and protective structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper and lower parts of the detection column are respectively provided with a connected mounting groove and a cylindrical hole. A vertical rod is inserted and connected to the lower part of the cylindrical hole. The bottom end of the vertical rod is connected to the top end of the first wheel frame plate. A movable plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove. The top end of the vertical rod is connected to the bottom end of the movable plate through an elastic element. A mounting base is detachably installed at the top of the mounting groove. A pressure sensor is installed at the lower part of the mounting base. The bottom end of the pressure sensor abuts against the bottom end of the movable plate.

6. The electrolytic multifunctional overhead crane with automatic rail blowing and protective structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower part of the vertical rod is provided with scale lines, and a handle is installed on the side of the first wheel frame plate.

7. The electrolytic multifunctional overhead crane with automatic rail blowing and protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle part of the first connecting plate is horizontally inserted and connected to the upper part of the wheel column. Several damping columns are installed between the detection column and the base. The outer wall of the detection column on the side away from the base is connected to an outer protective plate by a crossbar.

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