A multi-stage producer for pyrolysis gasification of organic solid waste

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-section generating furnace for pyrolysis and gasification of organic solid waste, which comprises a conveying pipe and an upper cylinder, the conveying pipe is communicated to the upper side of the upper cylinder, a lower cylinder is connected to the lower side of the upper cylinder, a surrounding fence is connected to the lower side of the lower cylinder, and a discharging cylinder is arranged in the surrounding fence; an inner cylinder is fixed in the lower cylinder, a sandwich layer is formed between the lower cylinder and the inner cylinder, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the lateral wall of the inner cylinder and communicated to the sandwich layer; an inner pipe is fixed in the center of the discharging cylinder and extends to the center of the inner cylinder, a gas outlet slot is formed in the lateral wall of the inner pipe; a top combustion gas pipe is connected to the lateral wall of the upper part of the upper cylinder, a bottom combustion gas pipe is connected to the lateral wall of the lower cylinder and communicated to the sandwich layer, and an air inlet pipe is connected to the lower end of the inner pipe; compared with the prior art, the application realizes efficient, stable and low-carbon operation of the organic solid waste energy treatment, and provides reliable technical equipment support for solid waste resource utilization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel pyrolysis, in particular to a multi-section generating furnace for organic solid waste pyrolysis gasification. BACKGROUND

[0002] The urbanization process has given birth to a large amount of organic solid waste, and traditional landfill has occupied land resources, and incineration has released dioxin and other toxic substances. Pyrolysis gasification technology converts solid waste into clean fuel gas and inert residues through anoxic environment, and is considered as the core path of green transformation.

[0003] The fixed bed gasification furnace adopts a static layering feeding method, and the gasifying agent penetrates the material layer in one direction. Its structure is simple, but the reaction efficiency is sacrificed - the central area forms slag due to excessive combustion, and the edge material remains a large amount of unreacted carbon due to insufficient gas supply, and the calorific value of the fuel gas fluctuates greatly. The fluidized bed gasification furnace relies on high-speed airflow to lift solid waste particles to achieve dynamic mixing. Although the heat transfer efficiency is improved, the escape of fine particles increases the dust removal cost, and the continuous high energy consumption to maintain the fluidized state weakens the economy. More fatally, the reaction gas carries ash and adheres to the exhaust structure, which needs to be manually unblocked every week. The single-section rotary furnace tries to improve the mixing effect by rotating the entire cylinder. However, due to the lack of internal active stirring, only the surface of the material is turned over, and the deep layer still has dead zones; at the same time, the open type slagging design destroys the stability of the gasification atmosphere, and the tar content in the fuel gas is high.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-section generating furnace for organic solid waste pyrolysis gasification to solve the problems raised in the background art. SUMMARY

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a multi-section generating furnace for organic solid waste pyrolysis gasification, comprising a conveying pipe and an upper cylinder, the conveying pipe being communicated to the upper side of the upper cylinder, the lower side of the upper cylinder being connected with a lower cylinder, the lower side of the lower cylinder being connected with a surrounding fence, and a discharging cylinder being arranged in the surrounding fence;

[0006] An inner cylinder is fixed in the lower cylinder, and a sandwich layer is formed between the lower cylinder and the inner cylinder, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the side wall of the inner cylinder and penetrate the sandwich layer;

[0007] An inner pipe is fixed in the center of the discharging cylinder and extends to the center of the inner cylinder, and a gas outlet slot is formed in the side wall of the inner pipe;

[0008] A top combustion gas pipe is connected to the side wall of the upper part of the upper cylinder, a bottom combustion gas pipe penetrates the sandwich layer and is connected to the side wall of the lower cylinder, and an air inlet pipe is connected to the lower end of the inner pipe.

[0009] Further, as a preferred, a plurality of stirring rods are rotatably arranged between the side wall of the inner cylinder and the inner pipe, one end of the stirring rod penetrates the outer wall of the inner cylinder and is fixed with a bevel gear;

[0010] The outer wall of the inner cylinder is rotationally provided with a rotating cylinder, and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder is fixedly provided with multiple rows of bevel gears.

[0011] Further, as a preferred, the side wall of the rotating cylinder is provided with multiple through holes.

[0012] Further, as a preferred, each of the stirring rods respectively penetrates each of the exhaust holes, and the outer wall of the stirring rod in the exhaust hole is provided with spiral blades.

[0013] Further, as a preferred, the lower part of the inner cylinder is rotationally provided with a rotating ring, and the periphery of the lower part of the rotating ring is provided with multiple blades of scrapers extending into the discharging cylinder.

[0014] The side wall of the discharging cylinder is provided with multiple sections of discharging ports.

[0015] Further, as a preferred, the lower part of the fence is provided with a discharging box. The ash material discharged from the discharging port of the discharging cylinder falls into the discharging box.

[0016] Further, as a preferred, the edge of the rotating ring is provided with a gear ring, the side wall of the lower cylinder is provided with a driving motor, the driving motor is connected to a driving gear, the driving gear is rotatably embedded into the side wall of the lower cylinder and engaged with the gear ring of the edge of the rotating ring.

[0017] Further, as a preferred, the lower end of the rotating cylinder is fixed to the rotating ring.

[0018] Further, as a preferred, a piston is slidingly arranged in the inner tube.

[0019] Further, as a preferred, a guide shaft is fixed in the inner tube, the guide shaft slidingly penetrates the piston, a lead screw is rotationally arranged at the center of the inner tube, the lead screw is threadedly connected with the piston, and the lower end of the lead screw is connected to a lead screw motor.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In the present application, through the hierarchical gasification design, the gasification agent is accurately injected into the hot semi-coke layer to generate high-energy bottom combustion gas and top combustion gas rich in volatile matter. The distribution height of the gasification agent can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different characteristics of organic solid waste, ensuring the synchronous optimization of gas production and calorific value. The top combustion gas preheats the newly incoming material during the rising process, realizing the hierarchical utilization of heat energy.

[0022] In the present application, multiple rows of self-rotating stirring rods realize three-dimensional tumbling of the material, eliminate reaction dead angles, clean the exhaust holes during the stirring process, continuously push back the blocked particles by the specially designed spiral blades, ensure the smoothness of the gas outlet channel, improve the uniformity of material heating and reaction, and significantly reduce the carbon content of residues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage generator for pyrolysis and gasification of organic solid waste;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a multi-stage generator for pyrolysis and gasification of organic solid waste;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-stage generator for pyrolysis and gasification of organic solid waste.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the enclosure.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inner cylinder.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Transmission pipe; 2. Upper cylinder; 21. Top gas pipe; 3. Lower cylinder; 31. Bottom gas pipe; 4. Enclosure; 41. Discharge cylinder; 42. Rotary ring; 43. Scraper; 44. Inlet pipe; 5. Discharge box; 6. Inner pipe; 61. Piston; 62. Guide shaft; 63. Lead screw; 64. Lead screw motor; 7. Inner cylinder; 71. Jacket; 72. Rotary cylinder; 73. Stirring rod; 74. Bevel gear; 75. Bevel gear ring; 76. Exhaust port; 77. Spiral blade; 8. Drive motor; 81. Drive gear. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Please see Figures 1-5 In this embodiment of the invention, a multi-stage generator for pyrolysis and gasification of organic solid waste includes a transmission pipe 1 and an upper cylinder 2. The transmission pipe 1 is connected to the upper part of the upper cylinder 2. A lower cylinder 3 is connected below the upper cylinder 2. A baffle 4 is connected below the lower cylinder 3. A discharge cylinder 41 is provided inside the baffle 4.

[0030] The lower cylinder 3 is fixed with an inner cylinder 7, and there is a sandwich layer 71 between the lower cylinder 3 and the inner cylinder 7. The inner cylinder 7 has multiple vent holes 76 that extend to the sandwich layer 71 on its side wall.

[0031] The discharge cylinder 41 is fixed with an inner tube 6 extending to the center of the inner cylinder 7, and the inner tube 6 has an air outlet slit on its side wall.

[0032] The upper side wall of the upper cylinder 2 is connected to a top gas pipe 21, the lower side wall of the lower cylinder 3 is connected to a bottom gas pipe 31 that extends to the interlayer 71, and the lower end of the inner pipe 6 is connected to an air inlet pipe 44.

[0033] Organic solid waste particles are introduced into the upper cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 7 through the transmission pipe 1. Saturated gas composed of low-pressure steam and blower air is used as a gasifying agent. It enters the inner cylinder 7 from the inlet pipe 44 through the inner pipe 6 and through the outlet slit. The gasifying agent reacts with the hot semi-coke formed by the organic solid waste to generate biomass fuel gas. Part of the fuel gas is discharged from the interlayer 71 through the exhaust hole 76 on the side wall of the inner cylinder 7 through the bottom fuel gas pipe to form bottom fuel gas. The remaining fuel gas directly heats, dries and pyrolyzes the organic solid waste in the upper cylinder 2 and is discharged from the top fuel gas pipe 21 to form top fuel gas.

[0034] In this embodiment, a multi-turn stirring rod 73 is rotatably arranged between the inner cylinder 7 and the side wall of the inner tube 6. One end of the stirring rod 73 extends through the outer wall of the inner cylinder 7 and is fixed with a bevel gear 74.

[0035] The outer wall of the inner cylinder 7 is rotatably provided with a rotating cylinder 72, and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 72 is fixed with multiple bevel gear rings 75, each bevel gear ring 75 meshing into each bevel gear 74.

[0036] In other words, when the rotating drum 72 rotates, it can drive each of the stirring rods 73 to rotate synchronously, thereby stirring the organic solid waste particles in the inner drum 7, so that the organic solid waste particles can be burned evenly, and ensure that the gas can be fully released.

[0037] In this embodiment, the rotating drum 72 has multiple through holes on its side wall. The bottom gas discharged from the exhaust hole 76 can pass through the through holes to be discharged from the bottom gas pipe 31.

[0038] In this embodiment, each stirring rod 73 passes through each vent hole 76, and the stirring rod 73 has spiral blades 77 distributed on the outer wall inside the vent hole 76.

[0039] The spiral blades 77 are discontinuous, so the gas can pass through the gaps between the spiral blades 77. When the stirring rod 73 rotates and stirs the organic solid waste particles in the inner cylinder 7, the spiral blades 77 will push the organic solid waste particles in the exhaust hole 76 back into the inner cylinder 7, preventing the organic solid waste particles from being discharged from the exhaust hole 76. This can both prevent blockage and improve exhaust efficiency.

[0040] In this embodiment, a rotating ring 42 is rotatably arranged below the inner cylinder 7, and multiple scrapers 43 extending into the discharge cylinder 41 are distributed around the area below the rotating ring 42.

[0041] The side wall of the discharge cylinder 41 has multiple discharge ports.

[0042] In other words, after combustion, the ash falls from the inner cylinder 7 to the discharge cylinder 41. When the rotating ring 42 rotates, the ash in the discharge cylinder 41 will be gradually scraped away and discharged from the discharge port, which can avoid the ash being discharged too quickly, resulting in incomplete combustion or being discharged too slowly, resulting in accumulation.

[0043] In this embodiment, a discharge box 5 is placed below the enclosure 4. The ash material discharged from the side outlet of the discharge cylinder 41 falls into the discharge box 5.

[0044] In this embodiment, the rotating ring 42 has a toothed ring on its edge, and the lower cylinder 3 has a drive motor 8 on its side wall. The drive motor 8 is connected to a drive gear 81, which is rotatably embedded in the side wall of the lower cylinder 3 and meshes with the toothed ring on the edge of the rotating ring 42.

[0045] The drive motor 8 can drive the rotating ring 42 to rotate for material discharge.

[0046] In this embodiment, the lower end of the rotating drum 72 is fixed to the rotating ring 42.

[0047] In other words, when the rotating ring 42 rotates to discharge material, it will drive the rotating ring 42 to rotate, thereby causing each stirring rod 73 to rotate on its own.

[0048] In this embodiment, a piston 61 is slidably disposed inside the inner tube 6.

[0049] By changing the height of piston 61, the height at which the vaporizing agent exits from the gas outlet of inner tube 6 can be adjusted to adapt to different combustion conditions.

[0050] In this embodiment, a guide shaft 62 is fixed inside the inner tube 6. The guide shaft 62 slides through the piston 61. A lead screw 63 is rotatably installed at the center inside the inner tube 6. The lead screw 63 is threadedly connected to the piston 61. The lower end of the lead screw 63 is connected to the lead screw motor 64.

[0051] In other words, the height of the piston 61 can be adjusted by driving the lead screw 63 to rotate through the lead screw motor 64.

[0052] In practice, low-pressure steam and blower air are mixed according to the process ratio to form a saturated gasifying agent, which is connected to the air inlet pipe 44. Organic solid waste particles are fed into the upper cylinder 2 through the transmission pipe 1 and fall naturally into the inner cylinder 7. The feeding rate is controlled to avoid excessive accumulation that would affect the gasification efficiency.

[0053] The saturated gasifying agent rises through the inner tube 6 and enters the inner cylinder 7 through the gas outlet slit on the side wall. The screw motor 64 drives the screw 63 to rotate, which in turn drives the piston 61 to rise and fall along the guide shaft 62, controlling the exposure height of the gas outlet slit to adapt to the reaction requirements of different solid wastes.

[0054] The gasifying agent reacts with the hot semi-coke in the inner cylinder 7 to generate biomass fuel gas: part of the fuel gas enters the jacket 71 through the exhaust hole 76, passes through the through hole of the rotating cylinder 72, and is discharged through the bottom fuel gas pipe 31; the remaining fuel gas rises to the upper cylinder 2, dries and pyrolyzes the raw material, and is discharged through the top fuel gas pipe 21.

[0055] The drive motor 8 drives the rotating ring 42 to rotate, and the rotating drum 72 rotates synchronously. The bevel gear ring 75 drives the bevel gear 74, which drives the stirring rod 73 to rotate, evenly turning the solid waste particles. The discontinuous spiral blades 77 on the stirring rod 73 push the particles blocking the exhaust hole 76 back into the inner cylinder 7 as it rotates, ensuring that the gas is discharged smoothly.

[0056] After the reaction, the ash falls into the discharge cylinder 41. The rotating ring 42 drives the scraper 43 to rotate, scraping the ash evenly to the discharge port on the side wall of the discharge cylinder 41 to avoid accumulation or excessively fast discharge.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage generator for pyrolysis gasification of organic solid waste, comprising a transfer pipe (1) and an upper cylinder (2), characterized in that, The transmission pipe (1) is connected to the top of the upper cylinder (2), and the lower cylinder (3) is connected below the upper cylinder (2). The lower cylinder (3) is connected to the bottom of the enclosure (4), and the discharge cylinder (41) is provided inside the enclosure (4). The lower cylinder (3) is fixed with an inner cylinder (7), and there is a sandwich layer (71) between the lower cylinder (3) and the inner cylinder (7). The inner cylinder (7) has multiple vent holes (76) that extend into the sandwich layer (71) on its side wall. The discharge cylinder (41) has an inner tube (6) that extends to the center of the inner cylinder (7) and the side wall of the inner tube (6) has an air outlet slit. The upper side wall of the upper cylinder (2) is connected to the top gas pipe (21), the lower side wall of the lower cylinder (3) is connected to the bottom gas pipe (31) that extends to the interlayer (71), and the lower end of the inner pipe (6) is connected to the air inlet pipe (44). Multiple stirring rods (73) are rotatably arranged between the inner cylinder (7) and the side wall of the inner tube (6). One end of the stirring rod (73) extends through the outer wall of the inner cylinder (7) and is fixed with a bevel gear (74). The outer wall of the inner cylinder (7) is rotatably provided with a rotating cylinder (72), and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (72) is fixed with multiple bevel gear rings (75), each bevel gear ring (75) meshing into each bevel gear (74); The rotating drum (72) has multiple through holes on its side wall; Each of the stirring rods (73) passes through each vent hole (76), and the stirring rods (73) have spiral blades (77) distributed on the outer wall inside the vent hole (76). A rotating ring (42) is rotatably disposed below the inner cylinder (7), and multiple scrapers (43) extending into the discharge cylinder (41) are distributed around the lower part of the rotating ring (42). The side wall of the discharge cylinder (41) has multiple discharge ports; The swivel ring (42) has a toothed ring on its edge, and the lower cylinder (3) has a drive motor (8) on its side wall. The drive motor (8) is connected to a drive gear (81), and the drive gear (81) is rotatably embedded in the side wall of the lower cylinder (3) and meshes with the toothed ring on the edge of the swivel ring (42). The lower end of the rotating cylinder (72) is fixed to the rotating ring (42).

2. A multi-stage generator for pyrolysis gasification of organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, A discharge box (5) is placed below the enclosure (4); the ash material discharged from the side wall discharge port of the discharge cylinder (41) falls into the discharge box (5).

3. A multi-stage generator for pyrolysis gasification of organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, A piston (61) is slidably disposed inside the inner tube (6).

4. A multi-stage generator for pyrolysis gasification of organic solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, A guide shaft (62) is fixed inside the inner tube (6). The guide shaft (62) slides through the piston (61). A lead screw (63) is rotatably installed in the center of the inner tube (6). The lead screw (63) is threadedly connected to the piston (61). The lower end of the lead screw (63) is connected to the lead screw motor (64).

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