Online monitoring method and system for abnormity of ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic probe

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of beauty instrument transducer monitoring, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic transducer abnormity online monitoring method and system and an ultrasonic probe, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, generating an input electric signal through a signal generation circuit; s2, transmitting the input electric signal to a main transducer, converting the input electric signal into a mechanical vibration signal through the main transducer, and transmitting mechanical vibration to a side sensing transducer through a backing; s3, converting the mechanical vibration signal into an output electric signal through a side sensing transducer; s4, collecting an output electric signal, and carrying out filtering processing and signal amplification processing on the output electric signal; s5, performing feature extraction on the amplified output electric signal, establishing a standard database and performing abnormal online monitoring; according to the method, the abnormal state of the main transducer can be monitored in real time by extracting various characteristic values of the side sensing transducer in the working state, and the efficiency of defect analysis is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of cosmetic instrument transducer monitoring, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic transducer abnormal online monitoring method and system and an ultrasonic probe. BACKGROUND

[0002] Medical ultrasonic transducers (such as ultrasonic probes) are core components of medical ultrasonic equipment (cosmetic, B-ultrasound, color Doppler ultrasound, ultrasonic interventional therapy equipment, etc.), and are directly used for ultrasonic wave emission, reception and electrical signal conversion. The performance thereof is closely related to the accuracy of medical diagnosis, the safety of treatment and the stability of equipment operation. If medical ultrasonic transducers are caused to be unstable in energy output due to piezoelectric ceramic aging, ceramic damage, ceramic separation from the glue layer, poor electrode contact and the like, local tissue may be excessively burned or treatment may be incomplete, thereby causing complications such as skin burns, internal organ damage and the like.

[0003] Most conventional ultrasonic transducers adopt a transducer impedance detection method to determine whether the transducer is abnormal. For example, the patent document with the publication number CN117949733A discloses an ultrasonic transducer online monitoring method and system based on impedance analysis. The working mode and the impedance detection mode are switched, and the impedance curve change is detected in the impedance detection mode to monitor the transducer performance. However, the transducer working state cannot be monitored in real time in the working mode of the transducer. For another example, the patent document with the publication number CN109475754A discloses an ultrasonic transducer and system. The proposed planar transducer array design scheme has no transducer detection function in either the working mode or the non-working mode. If an abnormality occurs during use, the risk is high.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the defects existing in the prior art to overcome the deficiencies existing in actual application. SUMMARY

[0005] Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies existing in the prior art, one of the purposes of the present application is to at least solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. In other words, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide an ultrasonic transducer abnormal online monitoring method, system and ultrasonic probe which satisfy one or more of the aforementioned needs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purposes of the application, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present application:

[0007] The present application provides an ultrasonic transducer abnormal online monitoring method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, generating an input electrical signal through a signal generating circuit;

[0009] S2. The input electrical signal is transmitted to the main transducer, which converts the input electrical signal into a mechanical vibration signal. The mechanical vibration is then transmitted to the side sensing transducer through the backing.

[0010] S3. The mechanical vibration signal is converted into an output electrical signal through the side sensor transducer;

[0011] S4. Acquire the output electrical signal and perform filtering and signal amplification on the output electrical signal;

[0012] S5. Extract features from the amplified output electrical signal, establish a standard database, and perform online anomaly monitoring.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, step S2 includes:

[0014] In operation, the input electrical signal is transmitted to the main transducer, which converts the input electrical signal into a mechanical vibration signal through the inverse piezoelectric effect of the main transducer. The mechanical vibration is then transmitted to the side sensing transducer through the backing.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, step S3 includes:

[0016] The mechanical vibration signal transmitted through the backing is converted into an output electrical signal by the positive piezoelectric effect of the side-sensing transducer, and the output electrical signal is input into the online monitoring system.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, step S4 includes:

[0018] S41. The output electrical signal generated by the side sensor transducer is acquired and stored through the signal acquisition circuit;

[0019] S42. The output electrical signal is filtered by a bandpass filter;

[0020] S43. The output electrical signal is amplified by a signal amplifier.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, step S41 includes:

[0022] S411. Extract the output electrical signal of the side sensor transducer through the signal acquisition circuit;

[0023] S412. After the main transducer finishes ultrasonic transmission and stops working, it feeds back to the signal acquisition circuit to stop signal acquisition.

[0024] S413. Collect the voltage and current data corresponding to a single operation of the main transducer;

[0025] S414. Save the collected voltage and current signals to the local storage.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, step S43 includes:

[0027] The output electrical signal is amplified by a signal amplifier, with the amplification factor between 10 and 100.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, step S5 includes:

[0029] S51. Perform initialization self-test on the host system;

[0030] S52. Based on the initial normal working state, collect N sets of output electrical signals from historical working states;

[0031] S53. By analyzing the time-domain characteristics of the output electrical signal, the voltage amplitude, response rise time, and response fall time are extracted.

[0032] S54. By analyzing the frequency domain characteristics of the output electrical signal, the total harmonic distortion, resonant frequency, and impedance magnitude can be extracted.

[0033] S55. Calculate the corresponding statistics for the N sets of feature values ​​extracted from the time domain features and frequency domain features respectively, set the upper and lower thresholds of the feature values ​​according to the statistics, and save them to establish a standard database.

[0034] S56. Based on time domain characteristics, frequency domain characteristics, and a standard database, the system enters online monitoring mode.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, step S56 includes:

[0036] By extracting real-time feature values ​​under normal operating conditions and comparing them with the upper and lower limits of the threshold in the standard database, the system operates normally if the values ​​are within the threshold range; otherwise, an early warning signal is issued and the cause of the abnormal operation of the main transducer is determined and analyzed.

[0037] This invention also provides an online monitoring system for abnormal ultrasonic transducers, which applies the method described in any of the above solutions, including:

[0038] Signal generation circuit, used to generate input electrical signals;

[0039] The main transducer is used to receive the input electrical signal and convert it into a mechanical vibration signal through the inverse piezoelectric effect.

[0040] The side-mounted sensing transducer converts mechanical vibration signals into output electrical signals through the positive piezoelectric effect.

[0041] The preprocessing module is used to acquire the output electrical signal and perform filtering and signal amplification on the output electrical signal;

[0042] The analysis and monitoring module is used to extract features from the amplified output electrical signal, establish a standard database, and monitor anomalies online.

[0043] The present invention also provides an ultrasonic probe for use in a beauty device, using the method described in any of the above schemes. The probe includes a backing, a main transducer, and side sensing transducers. The main transducer is provided on the top of the backing. Multiple main transducers are configured and arranged in an array. Side sensing transducers are provided on the front and back sides of the backing, respectively.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0045] This invention provides an online monitoring method for ultrasonic transducer anomalies, which enables real-time online anomaly monitoring of the main transducer during system operation. By extracting multiple feature values ​​from the side-sensing transducer and combining these feature values ​​for comprehensive judgment, various causes of anomalies in the main transducer can be effectively analyzed, including minor anomalies such as slight cracks in the transducer, thus improving the efficiency of defect analysis.

[0046] This invention provides an online monitoring method for abnormal ultrasonic transducers. In the system's working state, the abnormal state of the main transducer is monitored in real time through a side-sensing transducer. This can effectively prevent abnormalities in the main transducer during treatment, which could lead to excessive burns of local tissues or incomplete treatment and complications, thus effectively reducing medical risks. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Fig. 1 This is a flowchart of an online monitoring method for ultrasonic transducer anomalies according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the signal analysis and monitoring process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 3 This is a connection diagram of the ultrasonic transducer abnormality online monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig. 4 This is a schematic diagram of the backing and transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 5 This is a schematic diagram of the backing and transducer from another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 6 This is a side projection view of the backing of an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the specific implementation methods of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0056] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figs. 1-2 As shown, a method for online monitoring of ultrasonic transducer anomalies is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0057] S1. The input electrical signal is generated through the signal generation circuit.

[0058] S2. The input electrical signal is transmitted to the main transducer, which converts the input electrical signal into a mechanical vibration signal. The mechanical vibration is then transmitted to the side sensing transducer through the backing.

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, step S2 includes:

[0060] In operation, the input electrical signal is transmitted to the main transducer, which converts the input electrical signal into a mechanical vibration signal through the inverse piezoelectric effect of the main transducer. The mechanical vibration is then transmitted to the side sensing transducer through the backing.

[0061] Specifically, the main transducer array is driven by an electrical signal. Under the inverse piezoelectric effect, when an alternating electric field is applied to both ends of the piezoelectric ceramic, its internal electric dipole moment will change direction or expand and contract under the action of the electric field, causing the ceramic as a whole to undergo mechanical deformation (such as elongation, shortening, or bending), converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and emitting ultrasound waves in the forward direction for use in medical and cosmetic treatments. The main transducer is attached to the backing. During operation, the backing transmits mechanical signals to the sides and bottom of the backing. The sides are closer to the main transducer array, resulting in less attenuation of the mechanical vibration signal, while the bottom surface is farther away, resulting in greater attenuation.

[0062] S3. The mechanical vibration signal is converted into an output electrical signal through the side sensor transducer.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, step S3 includes:

[0064] The mechanical vibration signal transmitted through the backing is converted into an output electrical signal by the positive piezoelectric effect of the side-sensing transducer, and the output electrical signal is input into the online monitoring system.

[0065] Specifically, the side-mounted sensor transducer receives the mechanical vibration signal transmitted from the backing. Under the positive piezoelectric effect, when the piezoelectric ceramic is deformed by external mechanical force (such as pressure, tension, shear force, etc.), polarization will occur inside it, and equal amounts of opposite charges will appear on the surface, thereby forming a voltage or current at both ends. The mechanical vibration signal is converted into an output electrical signal through the positive and negative electrodes on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic and transmitted to the host system.

[0066] S4. Acquire the output electrical signal and perform filtering and signal amplification processing on the output electrical signal.

[0067] In some embodiments of this application, step S4 includes:

[0068] S41. The output electrical signal generated by the side sensor transducer is acquired and stored through the signal acquisition circuit. This mainly includes two parts: the voltage signal U(t) and the current signal I(t). The sampling rate of the acquisition circuit needs to be greater than 10 times the frequency of the electrical signal. The resonant frequency of the side sensor transducer is 10MHz to 12MHz, and the sampling rate of the acquisition circuit is 150MHz.

[0069] Further, step S41 includes:

[0070] S411. After clicking the start button, the acquisition card starts the signal acquisition function. After a delay of 0.1s, the electrical signal drive circuit powers on the main transducer array. The vibration signal of the main transducer is transmitted to the side sensor transducer and converted into an electrical signal. The acquisition circuit can then extract the output electrical signal transmitted from the side sensor transducer in real time.

[0071] S412. After the main transducer completes ultrasonic emission and stops working, it sends a stop signal to the signal acquisition circuit. Based on the single working time setting of the main transducer (e.g., 5s), after the main transducer completes ultrasonic emission and stops working, it sends a stop signal to the acquisition circuit after a delay of 0.1s, and the acquisition circuit stops signal acquisition.

[0072] S413. Collect the voltage and current data corresponding to a single operation of the main transducer;

[0073] S414. Save the collected voltage and current signals to the local storage and proceed to the next signal processing step.

[0074] S42. The output electrical signal is filtered using a bandpass filter. The bandpass filter (BPF) removes irrelevant frequency components, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and facilitating subsequent signal processing and analysis.

[0075] Specifically, ideally, when the main transducer vibrates at a single frequency f0, the vibration is transmitted to the side sensing transducers through the backing without frequency splitting due to energy loss. Furthermore, the backing, as a rigid or linearly elastic medium, only transmits the original vibration frequency f0, without introducing additional harmonics or noise. In reality, the electrical signal from the piezoelectric ceramic of the side sensing transducer may contain multiple frequency components. Due to structural, material, or vibration characteristics, the output electrical signal of the piezoelectric ceramic may deviate from a single frequency, introducing additional frequency components. Additionally, other incoherent frequency signals (such as power supply noise, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and high-frequency harmonics) are introduced during the acquisition process, leading to severe signal distortion and a low signal-to-noise ratio. By using a bandpass filter (BPF), only signals within the ± range of the resonant frequency are allowed to pass through. This module effectively improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and reduces the relative impact of noise during transmission, thereby improving transmission reliability and efficiency.

[0076] S43. The output electrical signal is amplified by a signal amplifier. Because the amplitude of the acquired voltage and current signals is small, it is not convenient for signal analysis and feature extraction. The weak input electrical signals (such as voltage, current or power signals) are amplified by a signal amplifier.

[0077] Further, step S43 includes:

[0078] The output electrical signal is amplified by a signal amplifier with a gain between 10 and 100. The peak value of the acquired electrical signal is between 50 and 100 mV, and the amplification factor of the signal amplifier is adjustable between 10 and 100. Adjustments can be made according to actual conditions to ensure that the peak value of the output signal is approximately 5 to 10 V.

[0079] S5. Extract features from the amplified output electrical signal, establish a standard database, and perform online anomaly monitoring. This requires feature extraction, threshold setting, standard database establishment, and online anomaly monitoring from both time-domain and frequency-domain analysis perspectives.

[0080] In some embodiments of this application, step S5 includes:

[0081] S51. Perform initialization self-test on the host system. First, complete system initialization, hardware self-test, and relevant system parameter configuration to confirm whether there are any software or hardware problems, whether the system link is complete, and whether there are any errors. For the transducer assembly, complete the relevant technical parameter tests and verify them against the standards to confirm whether there are any parameters that do not conform to the standards, such as sound power, focal length, resonant frequency, etc. If all parameter tests are normal, proceed to the next test.

[0082] S52. Based on the initial normal operating state, collect N sets of output electrical signals from historical operating states; (N ≥ 50 under normal circumstances, can be adjusted according to actual conditions), the N sets of voltage signals and current signals are U i (t) and I i (t), where i = 1, 2, ..., N.

[0083] S53. By analyzing the time-domain characteristics of the output electrical signal, the voltage amplitude, response rise time, and response fall time are extracted. Specifically, the acquired N sets of data are subjected to time-domain signal analysis to extract the characteristic value of voltage amplitude (peak value V). p Instantaneous response time (rise time tr, fall time tf).

[0084] S531, V p Calculation: U(t) = sin(ωt + θ), then V p =max(|U(t)|), V p For a single peak value, the vertical distance between the highest point (peak of the positive half-cycle) of the signal waveform and the zero level (horizontal axis) is calculated. N sets of voltage amplitudes are obtained, where i = 1, 2, ..., N;

[0085] S532. Rise time tr refers to the time it takes for a signal to rise from a low voltage steady state to a high voltage steady state over a specific proportion range, taken as 10% to 90%. The standard definition is the time required for the signal to rise from 10% to 90% of its final stable value. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0086] (1) Determine the low-voltage steady-state value (V_low) and high-voltage steady-state value (V_high) of the signal. Low-voltage steady-state: the stable value before the step (0V), high-voltage steady-state: the stable value after the step (V_high). p ).

[0087] (2) Calculate the voltage value at the key proportional point: 10% high voltage V 10％ =V_low + 0.1 × (V_high - V_low); 90% high voltage: V 90％ =V_low+0.9×(V_high-V_low);

[0088] (3) From Ui (t) The starting point of the voltage signal waveform is found: V 10％ and V 90％ The corresponding time point and t 10％ and t 90％ ;

[0089] (4) Calculate the rise time: tr = t 90％ -t 10％ ;

[0090] (5) Calculate and obtain the rise time tr of N sets of instantaneous responses i , where i = 1, 2, ..., N.

[0091] S533. Fall time tf corresponds to rise time and refers to the time it takes for a signal to fall from a high electrical steady state to a low electrical steady state over a specific proportion. Taking this proportion to be 10% to 90%, the standard definition is the time required for the signal to fall from 90% to 10% of its final stable value. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0092] (1) Determine the high-voltage steady-state value (V_high) and low-voltage steady-state value (V_low) of the signal. Low-voltage steady-state: the stable value before the step (0V), high-voltage steady-state: the stable value after the step (V_low). p ).

[0093] (2) Calculate the voltage values ​​at key proportional points: 90% high level: V90% = V_low + 0.9 × (V_high - V_low), 10% high level: V10% = V_low + 0.1 × (V_high - V_low);

[0094] (3) From U i (t) Find the end position of the voltage signal waveform. 90％ Descending to V 10％ The corresponding time point t 90％ and t 10％ ;

[0095] (4) Calculate the descent time: tf = t 10％ -t 90％ ;

[0096] (5) Calculate and obtain the N sets of instantaneous response fall times tf i , where i = 1, 2, ..., N.

[0097] S54. By analyzing the frequency domain characteristics of the output electrical signal, the total harmonic distortion, resonant frequency, and impedance magnitude are extracted. Specifically, the acquired N sets of data are subjected to frequency domain signal analysis to extract the characteristic value resonant frequency f. T Total harmonic distortion (THD), impedance magnitude at resonant frequency |Zi (f T )|.

[0098] S541, resonant frequency f T Calculation: The N sets of voltage signals (t) extracted from the base are calculated. Since the vibration signal of the main transducer under operating conditions is a single-frequency sinusoidal signal, and the side sensing transducer converts the vibration signal of the main transducer into an electrical signal, the frequencies of the two are consistent. The resonant frequency f of the side sensing transducer is... T It is also a single-frequency sinusoidal signal. The voltage signal U is calculated using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm. i The frequency of (t). Any periodic signal can be decomposed into a superposition of sine waves of different frequencies. A single-frequency signal appears as a single peak in the frequency domain, and the frequency corresponding to the peak is the signal frequency. For U i (t) Perform FFT calculation directly to obtain the frequency domain signal U i (f) Find the value f corresponding to the maximum value of the frequency spectrum, which is the frequency of the single-frequency signal, that is, the vibration resonant frequency f of the side-sensing ceramic. T Calculate and obtain N sets of resonant frequencies f i T, where i = 1, 2, ..., N.

[0099] S542. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Calculation: THD is the ratio of the total power (or amplitude) of all harmonic components in a signal to the power (or amplitude) of the fundamental component, usually expressed as a percentage (%). Fundamental frequency: the original frequency component of the signal; Harmonic: components whose frequency is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency (e.g., twice the fundamental frequency is the 2nd harmonic, three times is the 3rd harmonic, and so on). Let the amplitude of the fundamental component in the signal be A1, the amplitude of the 2nd harmonic be A2, the amplitude of the 3rd harmonic be A3, ..., the amplitude of the nth harmonic be An, then: The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0100] (1) Obtaining the spectrum of the signal: Convert the time-domain signal to the frequency domain through Fourier transform (such as Fast Fourier Transform, FFT) to obtain the amplitude (or effective value) of each frequency component. For example: Perform spectrum analysis on a distorted sine signal to obtain the fundamental amplitude A1, the second harmonic A2, the third harmonic A3, etc.

[0101] (2) Extracting fundamental and harmonic components: Determining the fundamental frequency f T Extract its amplitude A1; at the same time, extract the harmonic amplitudes A2, A3, ..., An of all integer multiples of frequency (2, 3, ...).

[0102] (3) Substitute into the formula to calculate THD: Calculate according to the above amplitude formula;

[0103] (4) Calculate N sets of total harmonic distortion, where i = 1, 2, ..., N.

[0104] S543, Impedance magnitude at resonant frequency |Z(f) T Calculation of |:

[0105] (1) Time-domain to frequency-domain conversion: Based on the N sets of voltage signals U collected i (t) and current signal I i (t) is used to perform Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) calculations to convert the voltage and current signals into frequency domain signals, obtaining the voltage spectrum U at different frequencies. i (f) and current spectrum I i (f);

[0106] (2) Impedance spectrum extraction: Extracting the impedance spectrum from voltage and current signals in the frequency domain. The core is to calculate the impedance spectrum at different frequencies.

[0107] (3)Z i (f) is a complex number that can be decomposed into its real part (Z') in the frequency domain. i (f), resistive component) and imaginary part (Z') i '(f), reactive component (including capacitive or inductive), i.e., Z i (f)=Z' i (f)+j*Z' i '(f), (j is the imaginary unit). Impedance magnitude The relationship curve between impedance magnitude and frequency f is obtained;

[0108] (4) Substitute the resonant frequency f T The impedance magnitude |Z| at N resonant frequencies can be calculated. i (f T )|, where i = 1, 2, ..., N.

[0109] S55. Calculate the corresponding statistics for the N sets of feature values ​​extracted from the time domain features and frequency domain features respectively, set the upper and lower thresholds of the feature values ​​according to the statistics, and save them to establish a standard database.

[0110] Specifically, for the extracted N sets of feature values ​​T{V i P, tr i , tf i f i T, YHD i |Z i (f T The database is established using the following steps: (i = 1, 2, ..., N)

[0111] (1) Calculation of the statistics mean μ and standard deviation σ: The mean μ characterizes the central tendency of the data and is the arithmetic mean of all data, reflecting the central location or average level of the overall data. The standard deviation σ characterizes the dispersion of the data and is the square root of the sum of the squares of the deviations of each data point from the mean, reflecting the degree of dispersion or fluctuation of the data relative to the mean. The calculation formula is based on V... P For example, The statistics corresponding to the various eigenvalues ​​are as follows: μ tr σ tr μ tf σ tf , μ THD σ THD ,

[0112] (2) Establish upper and lower thresholds for eigenvalues: Use the mean μ and standard deviation σ of the statistics to establish upper and lower thresholds for eigenvalues, with V P For example, the upper limit of the threshold lower threshold Where γ is the threshold coefficient. Typically, γ is set to 3, or a specific threshold coefficient can be set according to the actual situation. The calculated upper and lower thresholds for several feature values ​​are as follows:

[0113] (3) Save the calculated N sets of feature values ​​and corresponding statistics, thresholds and upper and lower limits to establish a standard database.

[0114] S56. Based on time domain characteristics, frequency domain characteristics, and a standard database, the system enters online monitoring mode.

[0115] Further, step S56 includes:

[0116] By extracting real-time feature values ​​under normal operating conditions and comparing them with the upper and lower limits of the threshold in the standard database, the system operates normally if the values ​​are within the threshold range; otherwise, an early warning signal is issued, the cause of the abnormal operation of the main transducer is determined and analyzed, and the system is shut down for inspection. After the fault is resolved, the system is recalibrated and returns to normal operation, entering the real-time monitoring mode.

[0117] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Fig. 3 As shown, an online monitoring system for abnormal ultrasonic transducers is also provided, which applies the method described above, including:

[0118] Signal generating circuit 11 is used to generate input electrical signals;

[0119] The main transducer 12 is used to receive the input electrical signal and convert the input electrical signal into a mechanical vibration signal through the inverse piezoelectric effect; the mechanical vibration is transmitted to the side sensing transducer 13 through the backing 10.

[0120] The side-mounted sensing transducer 13 converts mechanical vibration signals into output electrical signals through the positive piezoelectric effect.

[0121] The preprocessing module 14 is used to acquire the output electrical signal and perform filtering and signal amplification on the output electrical signal;

[0122] The analysis and monitoring module 15 is used to extract features from the amplified output electrical signal, establish a standard database, and monitor anomalies online.

[0123] According to some embodiments of this application, an ultrasonic probe is also provided for use in a beauty device, employing the method described above. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figs. 4-6 As shown, the probe includes a backing, a main transducer, and side sensing transducers. The main transducer is located on the top of the backing, and multiple main transducers are arranged in an array. Side sensing transducers are located on the front and back sides of the backing, respectively.

[0124] The array of the main transducer 12 consists of six planar piezoelectric ceramic sheets and surface electrodes, arranged in a 2x3 grid. Each piezoelectric ceramic sheet has a length of 5–5.5 mm, a width of 1–1.5 mm, and a thickness of 0.2–0.3 mm. The distance between the piezoelectric ceramic arrays is 2.5–3 mm. The positive electrode 121 on the upper surface and the negative electrode 122 on the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramics extend and bend to the side of the backing, with an electrode thickness of 0.8–1 mm. The two ends of the electrodes are connected to an electrical signal transmitting circuit. The electrical signal transmitting circuit applies an alternating voltage to the electrodes. The electric field causes the electric dipole moment inside the ceramic to deflect, inducing mechanical deformation (stretching or bending) of the ceramic, thereby converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, such as the vibration of an ultrasonic transducer or the driving of a piezoelectric motor. The backing 10 is made of aluminum. Aluminum has a high thermal conductivity of approximately 237 W / (m·K), which can quickly dissipate the heat generated by the transducer, accelerate heat dissipation, and maintain a stable operating temperature. As a structural base, it provides mechanical support for the transducers, preventing them from breaking due to vibration or external impact, especially since thin piezoelectric ceramic sheets have poor flexural strength. The side-sensing transducers 13 are symmetrically arranged, with one piezoelectric ceramic sheet added at the front and rear to detect the performance of the upper transducer array. The piezoelectric ceramic sheets of the side-sensing transducers are made of the same material and have the same thickness as the main transducers to ensure vibration mode matching. The length and width design determines the contact area with the backing side (the larger the length and width, the larger the coupling area and the higher the signal amplitude). The preferred length-to-width ratio is 2:1 to 5:1 to avoid mixed lateral vibration modes of the ceramic due to excessive width. The dimensions of the side-sensing transducers are 16*5. The side-sensing transducers are designed to be as close as possible to the main drive transducers; the greater the distance, the more severe the mechanical signal attenuation.

[0125] The side-mounted sensor transducer 13 has a positive electrode 131 on the upper surface and a negative electrode 132 on the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic, with an electrode thickness of 0.8–1 μm. When the piezoelectric ceramic is deformed by external force (such as vibration or pressure), the internal polarization charge redistributes. The electrodes conduct the induced charge on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic through their conductivity, forming a detectable electrical signal (such as voltage / current), which is transmitted to the acquisition circuit for electrical signal analysis via leads. The adhesive layer 101 between the side-mounted sensor transducer and the backing has the core function of rigidly coupling the ceramic and the backing, reducing interface slippage, and minimizing vibration energy loss in the adhesive layer, avoiding energy reflection or absorption due to the adhesive layer being too soft or too hard. The adhesive layer selection must ensure bonding strength and thermal conductivity, temperature resistance of 150℃–200℃, and moderate hardness and elastic modulus. Epoxy adhesive is usually selected, with a layer thickness of 20–50 μm. Excessive thickness increases energy loss, while insufficient thickness may lead to localized adhesive gaps.

[0126] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0127] The above description is only a detailed explanation of the preferred embodiments and principles of this application. For those skilled in the art, there may be changes in the specific implementation based on the ideas provided by this invention, and these changes should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for online monitoring of abnormalities in an ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The input electrical signal is generated through the signal generation circuit; S2. The input electrical signal is transmitted to the main transducer, which converts the input electrical signal into a mechanical vibration signal. The mechanical vibration is then transmitted to the side sensing transducer through the backing. S3. The mechanical vibration signal is converted into an output electrical signal through the side sensor transducer; S4. Acquire the output electrical signal and perform filtering and signal amplification on the output electrical signal; S5. Extract features from the amplified output electrical signal, establish a standard database, and perform online anomaly monitoring.

2. The method for online monitoring of ultrasonic transducer anomalies according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: In operation, the input electrical signal is transmitted to the main transducer, which converts the input electrical signal into a mechanical vibration signal through the inverse piezoelectric effect of the main transducer. The mechanical vibration is then transmitted to the side sensing transducer through the backing.

3. The method for online monitoring of ultrasonic transducer anomalies according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: The mechanical vibration signal transmitted through the backing is converted into an output electrical signal by the positive piezoelectric effect of the side-sensing transducer, and the output electrical signal is input into the online monitoring system.

4. The method for online monitoring of ultrasonic transducer anomalies according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: S41. The output electrical signal generated by the side sensor transducer is acquired and stored through the signal acquisition circuit; S42. The output electrical signal is filtered by a bandpass filter; S43. The output electrical signal is amplified by a signal amplifier.

5. The method for online monitoring of ultrasonic transducer anomalies according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S41 includes: S411. Extract the output electrical signal of the side sensor transducer through the signal acquisition circuit; S412. After the main transducer finishes ultrasonic transmission and stops working, it feeds back to the signal acquisition circuit to stop signal acquisition. S413. Collect the voltage and current data corresponding to a single operation of the main transducer; S414. Save the collected voltage and current signals to the local storage.

6. The method for online monitoring of ultrasonic transducer anomalies according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S43 includes: The output electrical signal is amplified by a signal amplifier, with the amplification factor between 10 and 100.

7. The method for online monitoring of ultrasonic transducer anomalies according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 includes: S51. Perform initialization self-test on the host system; S52. Based on the initial normal working state, collect N sets of output electrical signals from historical working states; S53. By analyzing the time-domain characteristics of the output electrical signal, the voltage amplitude, response rise time, and response fall time are extracted. S54. By analyzing the frequency domain characteristics of the output electrical signal, the total harmonic distortion, resonant frequency, and impedance magnitude can be extracted. S55. Calculate the corresponding statistics for the N sets of feature values ​​extracted from the time domain features and frequency domain features respectively, set the upper and lower thresholds of the feature values ​​according to the statistics, and save them to establish a standard database. S56. Based on time domain characteristics, frequency domain characteristics, and a standard database, the system enters online monitoring mode.

8. The method for online monitoring of ultrasonic transducer anomalies according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S56 includes: By extracting real-time feature values ​​under normal operating conditions and comparing them with the upper and lower limits of the threshold in the standard database, the system operates normally if the values ​​are within the threshold range; otherwise, an early warning signal is issued and the cause of the abnormal operation of the main transducer is determined and analyzed.

9. An online monitoring system for abnormal ultrasonic transducers, characterized in that, The method described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes: Signal generation circuit, used to generate input electrical signals; The main transducer is used to receive the input electrical signal and convert it into a mechanical vibration signal through the inverse piezoelectric effect. The side-mounted sensing transducer converts mechanical vibration signals into output electrical signals through the positive piezoelectric effect. The preprocessing module is used to acquire the output electrical signal and perform filtering and signal amplification on the output electrical signal; The analysis and monitoring module is used to extract features from the amplified output electrical signal, establish a standard database, and monitor anomalies online.

10. An ultrasonic probe, used in a beauty device, characterized in that, The probe, when using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8, includes a backing, a main transducer, and side sensing transducers. The main transducer is located on the top of the backing, and multiple main transducers are arranged in an array. Side sensing transducers are located on the front and rear sides of the backing, respectively.

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