Dry-type transformer

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry-type transformer, and relates to the technical field of transformers, the dry-type transformer comprises a base, three winding units are transversely arranged above the base, and the dry-type transformer further comprises three air pipes which are mounted above the base and can longitudinally reciprocate along the outer walls of the three winding units to convey cold air; the air pipe is arranged on the base, the winding units are arranged in the air pipe, the exhaust assemblies are arranged on the inner side wall of the air pipe, can form flexible constraint on the outer walls of the winding units and can automatically switch the air volume in a high-temperature area, two lifting lead screws are installed above the base, air collection channels are arranged on the base at intervals, and a plurality of hoses are inserted into the upper surfaces of the air collection channels. The air pipe longitudinally reciprocates along the winding unit to supply air, the heat loss of cold air is reduced, the air exhaust assembly automatically gives way along with expansion and contraction of the winding unit, a high-heat area is subjected to emphasized heat dissipation, cold air resources are distributed according to needs, and finally, the reset process of the air exhaust assembly is utilized to generate inward extrusion force, assist coil reset, restrain looseness, reduce the swelling risk and prolong the service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer technology, specifically to a dry-type transformer. Background Technology

[0002] Dry-type transformers are power transformers that use air (or a special gas) as the insulating medium and have no insulating oil. With advantages such as fire safety, maintenance-free operation, and strong environmental adaptability, they are widely used in densely populated or environmentally demanding scenarios such as urban power distribution, new energy, and industrial fields. The core of a dry-type transformer is to achieve power conversion through electromagnetic coupling of the iron core and windings. The windings are formed into a rigid insulating shell by vacuum casting epoxy resin and high-temperature curing. The insulation layer is dense and has high mechanical strength. Dry-type transformer windings are composed of conductor materials and insulation materials, with conductor layers and insulation layers stacked alternately. Essentially, they achieve the dual functions of conduction and insulation isolation through a loop of conductor and insulation, while also taking into account heat dissipation and mechanical stability. Finally, epoxy resin is poured on the outermost side, and a rigid insulating shell is formed by vacuum casting and high-temperature curing. However, in actual use, traditional dry-type transformers mostly use fixed air ducts or static heat dissipation structures. The cold air is mostly delivered from bottom to top. Due to the high temperature, the surrounding hot air is mixed in during the upward delivery of the cold air, which will cause the surface temperature of the upper winding unit to be high and the overall heat dissipation effect to be poor. In addition, when the windings of a dry-type transformer are in operation, the internal coils are prone to localized high heat and rapid expansion due to differences in current distribution (such as at the ends and in areas of concentrated leakage flux between layers). The coils in the localized high-heat areas expand rapidly after being heated, while the coils in adjacent areas change volume less, creating an expansion difference. If the high-heat areas are not treated, over time, the coils and insulation layers will experience tearing forces, which will then create gaps. As these gaps accumulate and expand, they will eventually cause the insulation layer to bulge outwards, forming bulges that affect the performance of the transformer.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative designs based on existing dry-type transformers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a significantly different solution. Specifically, the present invention aims to provide a dry-type transformer that solves the problem mentioned in the background art, where existing dry-type transformers have low overall heat dissipation efficiency and cannot effectively dissipate heat in high-heat areas, leading to gaps forming between the coils and the insulation layer over time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dry-type transformer, including a base, three winding units arranged horizontally above the base, three air ducts installed above the base that can move longitudinally back and forth along the outer wall of the three winding units to deliver cold air, and several exhaust components provided on the inner side wall of the air ducts that can form flexible constraints on the outer wall of the winding units and can automatically switch the air volume in the high-temperature zone, and two lifting screws installed above the base; The base is provided with air collection channels at intervals, and several flexible hoses are inserted into the upper surface of the air collection channels. The top of the flexible hoses is inserted into the outer wall of the air duct.

[0006] Preferably, both of the lifting screws are threaded with sliders, and each slider has a limit rod running through it. The outer walls of the ducts located on both sides are fixedly connected to two sliders, and the two sides of the duct in the middle position are fixedly connected to two connecting blocks. The duct in the middle position is fixedly connected to the ducts located on both sides through the two connecting blocks.

[0007] Preferably, both of the lifting screws are fixedly connected to sprockets at their bottoms, and chains are engaged on the outer sides of the sprockets. A servo motor is installed at the bottom of one of the sprockets.

[0008] Preferably, the duct is U-shaped as a whole, with open structures at both ends, and several through slots are provided on the inner side of the duct, with each through slot corresponding to a certain number of exhaust components.

[0009] Preferably, the exhaust assembly includes an outer sleeve that slides along a through groove and an inner sleeve fitted inside the outer sleeve. The end sidewalls of both the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are provided with a plurality of air inlet grooves, and a limiting spring is provided between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a positioning ring is provided between two adjacent exhaust components. The positioning ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the duct. An elastic rope is provided inside the duct. One end of the elastic rope is fixedly connected to one end of the duct. The other end of the elastic rope passes through the positioning ring and the outer sleeve and is fixedly connected to the other end of the duct.

[0011] Preferably, the front end face of the inner sleeve is provided with an exhaust groove and a movable ball, and the front end sidewalls of both the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are provided with a number of auxiliary grooves distributed at equal angles, and the auxiliary grooves are set in an inclined state.

[0012] Preferably, there are four air collection ducts, which are spaced apart between the three winding units, and each air collection duct is equipped with several fans.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: By installing longitudinally reciprocating air ducts on the outer wall of each winding unit, the air ducts are closely attached to the outer wall of the winding unit, minimizing the heat loss of the cold air in the delivery path, avoiding the cold air being preheated by the high temperature environment outside before reaching the target area, ensuring the utilization efficiency of the cold source, realizing the all-round coverage of the winding surface by the cold air, and greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency and uniformity.

[0014] In addition, several exhaust components are added to the inner wall of each air duct. These components can automatically move backward to make way for the outer wall volume change of the winding unit due to temperature changes. While delivering cold air in a directional manner, the reverse inward thrust of the elastic rope can form a flexible constraint, directly offsetting part of the expansion force and preventing the winding unit from expanding beyond the preset safety range due to unrestrained expansion. This can prevent the internal coil from being overstretched and causing structural deformation, and also prevent the insulation layer from cracking and breaking due to excessive compression, thus reducing wear on the insulation material.

[0015] Furthermore, during the reciprocating movement of the duct, priority is given to airflow to cool the high-temperature protrusions with a thermal expansion volume greater than other areas. As the front end of the inner sleeve contacts the protrusion, the inner sleeve moves independently backward along the outer sleeve. As the inner sleeve moves backward, the air inlet slot at its end gradually changes from partial overlap to full overlap with the air inlet slot of the outer sleeve, significantly expanding the total area of ​​the air inlet channel. At the same time, the auxiliary slots of the two are aligned, opening the auxiliary channel, allowing the cold air to diffuse and radiate outward to the secondary high-heat blind zone. The cold air flow rate in this protrusion area is significantly increased, breaking through the traditional fixed heat dissipation mode and manual adjustment mode. It automatically senses the high-heat area and realizes priority heat dissipation in the high-heat area, solving the problem of fixed allocation of traditional heat dissipation resources and realizing on-demand allocation of cold air resources.

[0016] Furthermore, during the low-temperature shrinkage phase of the winding unit, the reciprocating movement of the exhaust assembly along the winding unit generates a slight and uniform squeezing force on the internal coil and insulation layer. This pressure helps the coil and insulation layer recover during the recovery process, suppresses coil structure loosening, reduces the risk of bulging, and extends lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the three air ducts of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the duct and winding unit structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the duct and exhaust assembly after disassembly.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the duct section of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the exhaust component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a comparative schematic diagram showing the inner sleeve sliding backward along the outer sleeve of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Winding unit; 3. Air duct; 301. Positioning ring; 302. Elastic rope; 4. Exhaust assembly; 401. Outer sleeve; 402. Inner sleeve; 403. Air inlet slot; 404. Limiting spring; 405. Exhaust slot; 406. Auxiliary slot; 407. Moving ball; 5. Lifting screw; 6. Air collection duct; 7. Flexible hose; 8. Slider; 9. Limiting rod; 10. Sprocket; 11. Chain; 12. Servo motor; 13. Connecting block. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a dry transformer, including a base 1, three winding units 2 arranged horizontally above the base 1, three air ducts 3 installed above the base 1 that can move longitudinally back and forth along the outer wall of the three winding units 2 to deliver cold air, and several exhaust components 4 provided on the inner side wall of the air ducts 3 that can form flexible constraints on the outer wall of the winding units 2 and can automatically switch the air volume in the high temperature zone, and two lifting screws 5 installed above the base 1. The base 1 is provided with air collection channels 6 at intervals. Several flexible hoses 7 are inserted into the upper surface of the air collection channels 6. The top of the flexible hoses 7 are inserted into the outer wall of the air duct 3.

[0028] The base 1 serves as the supporting foundation for the entire device. Three horizontally arranged winding units 2 correspond to the A, B, and C phases of the three-phase electricity, respectively. A reciprocating air duct 3 is installed on the outer wall of each winding unit 2. The air duct 3 is close to the outer wall of the winding unit 2, minimizing the heat loss of the cold air in the delivery path. This avoids the cold air being preheated by the high temperature environment outside before reaching the target area, ensuring the utilization efficiency of the cold source, achieving all-round coverage of the winding surface by the cold air, and greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency and uniformity.

[0029] In addition, several exhaust components 4 are added to the inner wall of each air duct 3. These components can automatically move backward to make way according to the volume change of the outer wall of the winding unit 2 caused by temperature changes. While delivering cold air in a directional manner, they form a flexible constraint. This can control the high-temperature thermal expansion of the winding unit 2, ensuring that the coil and insulation layer inside the winding unit 2 are always within a safe set range, preventing structural damage or performance degradation caused by excessive expansion. They can also move back appropriately to avoid hard compression with the outer wall insulation layer, reducing wear on the insulation material. Furthermore, for high-temperature protrusions with a thermal expansion volume greater than other areas, it can automatically trigger the adjustment of the exhaust state, breaking through the traditional fixed heat dissipation mode and manual adjustment mode, automatically sensing high-heat areas, realizing priority heat dissipation of high-heat areas, solving the problem of fixed allocation of traditional heat dissipation resources, and realizing on-demand allocation of cold air resources; Furthermore, during the low-temperature shrinkage phase of winding unit 2, the reciprocating movement of the exhaust assembly 4 along winding unit 2 generates a slight and uniform squeezing force on the internal coil and insulation layer. This pressure helps the coil and insulation layer recover during the recovery process, suppresses coil structure loosening, reduces the risk of bulging, and extends lifespan.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, both lifting screws 5 are threaded with sliders 8, and each slider 8 has a limit rod 9 running through its interior. The outer walls of the air ducts 3 located on both sides are fixedly connected to two sliders 8 respectively, and the two sides of the air duct 3 located in the middle position are fixedly connected to two connecting blocks 13 respectively. The air duct 3 located in the middle position is fixedly connected to the air ducts 3 located on both sides through the two connecting blocks 13 respectively.

[0031] Both lifting screws 5 are fixedly connected to sprockets 10 at their bottoms. Chains 11 are engaged on the outer side of the sprockets 10. A servo motor 12 is installed at the bottom of one of the sprockets 10. It should be noted that, through the connection of the connecting block 13, the three air ducts 3 are fixedly connected together and move up and down synchronously. The lifting screw 5 and the limit rod 9 are set in parallel. The lifting screw 5 and the limit rod 9 are installed on both sides, respectively corresponding to the air ducts 3 at both ends. The lifting screws 5 on both sides are equipped with sprockets 10 at their bottoms. A chain 11 is meshed with the outside of the two sprockets 10. A servo motor 12 is installed at the bottom of one of the sprockets 10. Through the transmission of the chain 11 and the sprockets 10, the servo motor 12 drives the two sprockets 10 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the two lifting screws 5 to rise and fall synchronously. The connection of the copper pipe connecting block 13 ensures that the three air ducts 3 move up and down synchronously. In addition, a protective shell is added to the outside of the chain 11 to prevent the chain 11 from falling off and to prevent the hose 7 from being stuck by the chain 11.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the duct 3 is U-shaped as a whole, and both ends of the duct 3 are open structures. Several through slots are opened on the inner side of the duct 3, and the several through slots are distributed one-to-one with several exhaust components 4. It should be noted that if the duct 3 is designed as a U-shape, with the openings at both ends of the U-shape aligned with the high-voltage pole and the terminal block, and the openings precisely aligned with the high-voltage pole and the terminal block of the winding unit 2, these heat-generating components can also be effectively cooled. The positions of the openings and the high-voltage pole and the terminal block are matched to form a clearance channel, ensuring that the duct 3 will not collide or rub against these protruding components when it moves longitudinally back and forth along the outer wall of the winding unit 2. This protects the integrity of the components and maintains the smooth movement of the duct 3. The through slots opened on the inner side of the duct 3 correspond one-to-one with the exhaust components 4, which facilitates the installation of the exhaust components 4 and limits their movement.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the exhaust assembly 4 includes an outer sleeve 401 that slides along the through groove, and an inner sleeve 402 that is sleeved inside the outer sleeve 401. The end sidewalls of both the outer sleeve 401 and the inner sleeve 402 are provided with a plurality of air inlet slots 403, and a limiting spring 404 is provided between the outer sleeve 401 and the inner sleeve 402. A positioning ring 301 is provided between two adjacent exhaust components 4. The positioning ring 301 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the duct 3. An elastic rope 302 is provided inside the duct 3. One end of the elastic rope 302 is fixedly connected to one end of the duct 3. The other end of the elastic rope 302 passes through the positioning ring 301 and the outer sleeve 401 and is fixedly connected to the other end of the duct 3. The front end face of the inner sleeve 402 is provided with an exhaust groove 405 and a movable ball 407. The front end sidewalls of both the outer sleeve 401 and the inner sleeve 402 are provided with several auxiliary grooves 406 distributed at equal angles, and the auxiliary grooves 406 are set in an inclined state. It should be noted that all the positioning rings 301 and the exhaust components 4 are connected in series by an elastic rope 302. The positioning rings 301 are installed at intervals between two exhaust components 4, becoming fixed fulcrums and providing precise fixed-point constraints for the elastic rope 302. When the exhaust components 4 move backward, the positioning rings 301, as fixed points, will cause the elastic rope 302 to bend at the positioning rings 301, forming a clear force inflection point. At this time, the positioning rings 301 fix the elastic rope 302, generating a directional pulling force on the entire exhaust components 4, with the pulling force direction towards the inside of the duct 3. When the winding unit 2 just starts working, its surface temperature is relatively stable and no obvious thermal expansion area appears. The exhaust component 4 and the air duct 3 start basic air blowing and heat dissipation simultaneously. At this time, the inner sleeve 402 is at the front end of the outer sleeve 401 under the support of the limiting spring 404 and has not contracted. The air inlet slot 403 at the end of the outer sleeve 401 and the inner sleeve 402 are partially overlapped, while the auxiliary slots 406 of the two are completely offset. At this time, the exhaust slot 405 serves as the only cold air output channel, forming only a basic exhaust channel to meet the requirement that all exhaust slots 405 uniformly deliver cold air under low load. At this time, the elastic rope 302 is in a relaxed state. In addition, it should be noted that a movable ball 407 is provided on the edge of the front end face of the inner sleeve 402. The movable ball 407 allows the inner sleeve 402 to slide against the outer wall of the winding unit 2, while also ensuring that there is a certain gap between the exhaust groove 405 of the inner sleeve 402 and the outer wall of the winding unit 2, so as to facilitate the exhaust of cold air and prevent blockage. During the heating stage, in the initial stage of thermal expansion of winding unit 2, due to the large elastic force of limit spring 404, it preferentially contacts inner sleeve 402, and elastic rope 302 is preferentially stretched and generates reverse inward thrust. The reverse inward thrust of elastic rope 302 can form a flexible constraint, directly offsetting part of the expansion force, and preventing winding unit 2 from expanding beyond the preset safety range due to unrestrained expansion. This can prevent structural deformation caused by excessive stretching of internal coils, and also prevent the insulation layer from cracking or breaking due to excessive compression. During the high-temperature stage, when winding unit 2 operates for a long time, local expansion and bulges may occur in some parts of winding unit 2 due to high heat. If the volume increases due to local overheating of the coil, the bulge will exert additional pressure on the ventilation component 4 at the corresponding position, triggering the ventilation component 4 to enter a dynamic adjustment state. Specifically, the protruding part of the winding unit 2 first contacts the front end of the inner sleeve 402 and applies inward pressure. This pressure is transmitted to the limiting spring 404 through the inner sleeve 402. At this time, the elastic rope 302 is already in a taut state, generating inward pressure on the outer sleeve 401. The inner sleeve 402 moves backward independently along the outer sleeve 401. As the inner sleeve 402 moves backward, the air inlet groove 403 at its end gradually changes from partial overlap to high overlap with the air inlet groove 403 of the outer sleeve 401, and even completely aligns. The total area of ​​the air inlet channel is greatly expanded, and the cold air flow rate of the protruding area is significantly increased, providing sufficient cold air resources for the high-heat area.

[0034] Furthermore, as the inner sleeve 402 moves backward, it simultaneously drives the inclined auxiliary groove 406 at its front end to gradually align with the auxiliary groove 406 of the outer sleeve 401 from a staggered state, ultimately forming several inclined outward auxiliary exhaust channels. The opening of the auxiliary groove 406 allows cold air to radiate and diffuse to the edge area of ​​the protrusion not only through the exhaust duct 405, but also through the auxiliary groove 406, covering the secondary heat blind zone around the protrusion. In addition, during the final reset, the elastic rope 302 can also generate an inward squeezing force on the exhaust assembly 4, resetting the auxiliary coil and insulation layer and reducing the risk of bulging.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, there are four air collection ducts 6, and the air collection ducts 6 are spaced apart between the three winding units 2, and each air collection duct 6 has several fans installed inside. It should be noted that there are four air collection ducts 6, which are spaced apart between the three winding units 2, forming an alternating arrangement of air collection ducts 6, winding units 2, and air collection ducts 6. Each winding unit 2 is adjacent to one air collection duct 6 on both sides. Through the connection of the hose 7, air is supplied from both the left and right directions at the same time. The fan is installed on the inner wall of the air collection duct 6 and blows air from bottom to top. The hose 7 is installed on the top of the air collection duct 6 and then the cold air inside the air collection duct 6 is transported to the air duct 3 through the hose 7, which isolates it from the external airflow and avoids interference from the external airflow.

[0036] Working principle: The operation of this dry-type transformer mainly consists of the following three stages: Initial stage: Before the dry-type transformer is working, the air duct 3 is in a low position. The inner sleeve 402 in the exhaust assembly 4 is at the front end of the outer sleeve 401 under the support of the limiting spring 404. The air inlet groove 403 at the end of the outer sleeve 401 and the inner sleeve 402 partially overlap, the front auxiliary groove 406 is completely offset, and the elastic rope 302 is in a relaxed state. When the dry-type transformer winding unit 2 starts working, the internal fan of the air collection duct 6 and the servo motor 12 are started at the same time. When the fan starts, cold air is delivered to the air duct 3 through the air collection duct 6 and the hose 7, and discharged through the exhaust assembly 4. The servo motor 12 starts and controls the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor 12, which further drives one of the sprockets 10 to rotate in both directions alternately. Through the meshing of the sprocket 10 and the chain 11, the lifting screws 5 on both sides start to rotate synchronously. The slider 8 slides up and down along the limit rod 9. The limit rod 9 restricts the longitudinal movement of the slider 8, which further drives the three air ducts 3 to move smoothly longitudinally back and forth along the outer wall of the winding unit 2. During the movement, the air ducts 3 always keep in contact with the outer wall of the winding. Heating stage: The outer wall of the winding unit 2 begins to expand outward as it is heated. In the initial stage of the thermal expansion of the winding unit 2, the elastic rope 302 is stretched first and generates a reverse inward thrust. The reverse inward thrust of the elastic rope 302 can form a flexible constraint. Using the elasticity of the elastic rope 302, several exhaust components 4 can move backward to make way while moving along the outer wall of the winding unit 2, providing space for the thermal expansion of the winding unit 2.

[0037] High temperature stage: As the winding unit 2 operates for a long time, the internal coil temperature of the winding unit 2 gradually increases, and some areas become high temperature, with an expansion volume greater than other areas. At this time, during the longitudinal reciprocating movement of the air duct 3, since the elastic rope 302 has been stretched to a taut state, the inner sleeve 402 will be subjected to a backward squeezing force each time it passes through the high-heat zone. The inner sleeve 402 moves backward independently along the outer sleeve 401. As the inner sleeve 402 moves backward, the air inlet groove 403 at the end of the outer sleeve 401 and the inner sleeve 402 changes from partial overlap to high overlap, the air inlet channel area expands, and the cold air flow rate is significantly increased. At the same time, the inner sleeve 402 and the front inclined auxiliary groove 406 of the outer sleeve 401 are changed from being staggered to being aligned, forming an auxiliary exhaust channel. In addition to directly hitting the raised area, the cold air also radiates to the surrounding secondary high heat areas, eliminating heat dissipation blind spots. By using the reciprocating movement of the air duct 3, the high heat area is given key heat dissipation every time it passes through the high heat area, ensuring that the high heat area is fully cooled and avoiding voltage instability caused by local high temperature.

[0038] Low-temperature reset stage: When the transformer winding unit 2 stops working as a whole, the temperature gradually decreases and the winding unit 2 gradually shrinks in volume. The squeezing force on the exhaust component 4 disappears, and the outer sleeve 401 is reset under the pulling action of the elastic rope 302. The duct 3 continues to move longitudinally back and forth. During the movement, the exhaust component 4 generates a slight and uniform squeezing force on the coil and insulation layer inside the winding. The auxiliary coil and insulation layer return to the correct position, suppressing structural loosening and reducing the risk of bulging.

[0039] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dry-type transformer, comprising a base (1), wherein three winding units (2) are arranged laterally above the base (1), characterized in that: It also includes three air ducts (3) installed above the base (1) that can move longitudinally back and forth along the outer wall of the three winding units (2) to deliver cold air, and several exhaust components (4) provided on the inner side wall of the air ducts (3) that can form a flexible constraint on the outer wall of the winding unit (2) and can automatically switch the air volume in the high temperature zone. Two lifting screws (5) are installed above the base (1). The base (1) is provided with air collection channels (6) at intervals. Several hoses (7) are inserted into the upper surface of the air collection channels (6). The top of the hoses (7) is inserted into the outer wall of the air duct (3).

2. A dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the lifting screws (5) are threaded with sliders (8), and each slider (8) has a limit rod (9) running through its interior. Among them, the outer walls of the air ducts (3) located on both sides are fixedly connected to two sliders (8), and the air ducts (3) located in the middle position are fixedly connected to two connecting blocks (13) on both sides. The air ducts (3) located in the middle position are fixedly connected to the air ducts (3) located on both sides through the two connecting blocks (13).

3. A dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the lifting screws (5) are fixedly connected to sprockets (10) at their bottoms. A chain (11) is engaged on the outer side of each sprocket (10). A servo motor (12) is installed at the bottom of one of the sprockets (10).

4. A dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The duct (3) is U-shaped as a whole, and both ends of the duct (3) are open structures. Several through slots are opened on the inner side of the duct (3), and the several through slots are distributed one-to-one with several exhaust components (4).

5. A dry-type transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly (4) includes an outer sleeve (401) that slides along the through groove, and an inner sleeve (402) that is sleeved inside the outer sleeve (401). The end sidewalls of the outer sleeve (401) and the inner sleeve (402) are provided with a plurality of air inlet grooves (403). A limiting spring (404) is provided between the outer sleeve (401) and the inner sleeve (402).

6. A dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning ring (301) is provided between two adjacent exhaust components (4). The positioning ring (301) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the duct (3). An elastic rope (302) is provided inside the duct (3). One end of the elastic rope (302) is fixedly connected to one end of the duct (3). The other end of the elastic rope (302) passes through the positioning ring (301) and the outer sleeve (401) and is fixedly connected to the other end of the duct (3).

7. A dry-type transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end face of the inner sleeve (402) is provided with an exhaust groove (405) and a movable ball (407). The front end sidewalls of the outer sleeve (401) and the inner sleeve (402) are provided with a number of auxiliary grooves (406) distributed at equal angles, and the auxiliary grooves (406) are set in an inclined state.

8. A dry-type transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four air collection ducts (6), and the air collection ducts (6) are spaced apart between the three winding units (2), and each air collection duct (6) has several fans installed inside.

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