Stator double permanent magnet multi-tooth structure magnetic flux switching motor and working method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a kind of stator double permanent magnet multi-tooth structure magnetic flux switching motor and its working method, belongs to permanent magnet variable reluctance motor technical field. Including coaxial arrangement stator core and rotor core, still including two sets of permanent magnets, stator core protruding arrangement has multiple equal angle interval arrangement big teeth, form solid slot between adjacent big teeth, each big tooth end is provided with small tooth, and define first virtual slot and two sides second virtual slot, rotor core is provided with multiple rotor teeth. Two sets of permanent magnets are tangential magnetization spoke yoke permanent magnet and radial magnetization slot permanent magnet respectively, spoke yoke permanent magnet is set in second virtual slot, slot permanent magnet is set in solid slot mouth and first virtual slot, the pole pair number of two sets of permanent magnets is equal to the number of big teeth on stator core, and the solid slot between big teeth is embedded with armature winding. Can solve the problem of low utilization rate of iron core and low motor output torque caused by structural defects in prior art traditional permanent magnet magnetic flux switching motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of permanent magnet variable reluctance motor technology, and in particular to a flux switching motor with a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Permanent magnet variable reluctance motors combine the advantages of both switched reluctance motors and permanent magnet motors, and have attracted widespread attention due to their high power density, high torque density, and high efficiency. These motors are generally divided into two main categories: rotor core permanent magnet type and stator permanent magnet type. Among them, the stator permanent magnet type has become a hot research area because it can maintain high mechanical strength after installing permanent magnets in the stator, has good operational stability, and has a simple manufacturing process.

[0003] In related technologies, stator permanent magnet flux modulation motors are further subdivided into types such as permanent magnet doubly salient pole motors, permanent magnet flux reversing motors, and permanent magnet flux switching motors. In a permanent magnet doubly salient pole motor, the permanent magnet is typically embedded in the stator yoke. This structure limits the effective utilization of the permanent magnet, resulting in a lower torque density. A permanent magnet flux reversing motor uses a structure where the permanent magnet is surface-mounted on the tooth surface, increasing the air gap length and also reducing torque density. A permanent magnet flux switching motor, on the other hand, achieves flux concentration by embedding spoke-type permanent magnets in the stator yoke and utilizes the bipolar change in the armature coil flux linkage to obtain a higher torque density.

[0004] However, in practical applications, traditional permanent magnet flux switching motors with only spoke-type permanent magnets suffer from insufficient stator space utilization and low core utilization, limiting further improvements in torque density. Furthermore, for flux switching motors with salient pole structures in both the stator and rotor cores, the traditional armature winding method utilizes only the fundamental component (first harmonic) of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force, resulting in low air gap harmonic utilization and consequently, lower motor output torque. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a flux-switching motor with a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure and its operating method, which can solve the problems of low core utilization and low motor output torque caused by structural defects in traditional permanent magnet flux-switching motors in the prior art. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor, including a stator core and a rotor core arranged coaxially, and also including two sets of permanent magnets.

[0007] The stator core has a plurality of large teeth arranged at equal angles on the side facing the air gap. A solid groove is formed between adjacent large teeth. The end of each large tooth is divided into four small teeth. The four small teeth define a first virtual groove and two second virtual grooves symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first virtual groove. The rotor core has a plurality of rotor teeth arranged circumferentially on the side facing the air gap.

[0008] The two sets of permanent magnets are a spoke-type yoke permanent magnet magnetized tangentially along the stator core and a slot permanent magnet magnetized radially along the stator core. The spoke-type yoke permanent magnet is disposed in the second dummy slot, and the slot permanent magnet is disposed at the opening of the solid slot and in the first dummy slot. The number of pole pairs of the two sets of permanent magnets is equal to the number of large teeth on the stator core. Armature windings are embedded and arranged in the solid slots between the large teeth. The two sets of permanent magnets form parallel excitation in the stator and rotor magnetic circuits and form magnetic flux superposition in the air gap between the stator core and the rotor core.

[0009] Optionally, the armature winding is a high-order harmonic winding, and the number of pole pairs of the armature winding is matched with the difference between the third harmonic of the magnetomotive force of the two sets of permanent magnets and the number of rotor teeth.

[0010] Optionally, the number of pole pairs of the two sets of permanent magnets is N. PM The number of large teeth in the stator core is N. st The number of small teeth in the stator core is N. s The rotor has N teeth. r The number of pole pairs of the armature winding Satisfy the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] Where, N PM =N st N s =4N st =4N PM .

[0013] Optionally, the tangential magnetization direction of the spoke-type yoke permanent magnet in each of the large teeth faces the adjacent solid slot, the slot permanent magnet in the first dummy slot points towards the air gap for magnetization, and the slot permanent magnet at the opening of the solid slot is magnetized away from the air gap.

[0014] Optionally, the armature windings are arranged in a distributed winding configuration spanning two of the large teeth, with each phase of the armature windings connected in series.

[0015] Optionally, the rotor core is annular, and the stator core is coaxially disposed inside the rotor core.

[0016] Optionally, the two small teeth on each of the large teeth, located on the side of the two second dummy slots away from the first dummy slot, are integrally connected to the large teeth via an iron core bridge.

[0017] Optionally, both the stator core and the rotor core are made of stacked slotted silicon steel sheets.

[0018] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a working method, implemented based on the stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor described in the first aspect above, including:

[0019] The rotor core is driven to rotate relative to the stator core by external mechanical force. The excitation magnetic field generated by the two sets of permanent magnets is modulated by multiple stator teeth and multiple rotor teeth to form a rotating air gap magnetic field, thereby generating an induced electromotive force in the armature winding.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes:

[0021] When current is applied to the armature winding, a rotating armature magnetic field is generated. After being modulated by multiple stator teeth and multiple rotor teeth in sequence, a rotating air gap magnetic field is formed, causing the rotor core to rotate at a corresponding frequency under the drag of the rotating armature magnetic field.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0023] The stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux-switching motor provided in this invention, compared to the traditional permanent magnet flux-switching motor structure, optimizes the topology of the stator core by adding an additional set of radially magnetized slot permanent magnets at the slot openings formed between the large teeth and at the ends of the large teeth. During operation, these magnets form a parallel magnetic field with the original spoke-type yoke permanent magnets, thereby generating a superimposed magnetic field in the air gap. This increases the primary air gap magnetic field harmonics generated by the rotor teeth modulation of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force harmonics, significantly improving the no-load back electromotive force and rated load torque. This effectively solves the problems of low core utilization and low motor output torque caused by structural defects in existing traditional permanent magnet flux-switching motors.

[0024] Furthermore, the armature winding adopts a high-order harmonic winding method. Compared with the fundamental winding which utilizes the first harmonic of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force, the high-order harmonic winding utilizes the third harmonic of the magnetomotive force. For a flux-switching motor with rich harmonics, this greatly improves the utilization rate of air gap harmonics, thereby increasing the no-load back electromotive force and load torque.

[0025] Furthermore, by designing alternating pole magnetic bridges on each stator core, this specific arrangement can provide a path for low-pole logarithmic harmonics, weaken the original magnetic barrier effect, reduce the magnetic resistance of low-pole logarithmic operating harmonics, and place the armature winding in the alternating pole magnetic barrier, further improving the utilization rate and torque of the stator core. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural disassembly diagram of a flux switching motor with a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of the structure of a flux-switching motor with a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unloaded magnetic flux distribution of the rotor core at the two points of maximum magnetic flux provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the unloaded magnetic flux distribution of the rotor core at the two minimum magnetic flux points provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent permanent magnet magnetomotive force after stator tooth modulation under different excitation conditions provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a simulation result diagram of the equivalent permanent magnet magnetomotive force after stator tooth modulation under different excitation conditions provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a simulation result diagram of the harmonic distribution of the equivalent permanent magnet magnetomotive force after stator tooth modulation under different excitation conditions provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a simulation result diagram of the no-load air gap harmonic distribution after being modulated by the stator teeth and rotor teeth under different excitation conditions provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a working method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 1-Stator core; 2-Rotor core; 3-Permanent magnet; 4-Armature winding; 11-Large tooth; 11a-Solid slot; 12-Small tooth; 12a-First virtual slot; 12b-Second virtual slot; 13-Core bridge; 21-Rotor tooth; 31-Spoke-type yoke permanent magnet; 32-Slot permanent magnet. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural disassembly diagram of a flux switching motor with a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the structure of a flux-switching motor with a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unloaded magnetic flux distribution of the rotor core at the two points of maximum magnetic flux provided in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the unloaded magnetic flux distribution of the rotor core at the two minimum magnetic flux points provided in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent permanent magnet magnetomotive force after stator tooth modulation under different excitation conditions provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a simulation result diagram of the equivalent permanent magnet magnetomotive force after stator tooth modulation under different excitation conditions provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a simulation result diagram of the equivalent permanent magnet harmonic distribution after stator tooth modulation under different excitation conditions provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the no-load air gap harmonic distribution after modulation by both stator and rotor teeth under different excitation conditions, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor, including a stator core 1 and a rotor core 2 arranged coaxially, and also includes two sets of permanent magnets 3.

[0040] The stator core 1 has multiple large teeth 11 arranged at equal angles on the side facing the air gap, and solid slots 11a are formed between adjacent large teeth 11. The end of each large tooth 11 is divided into four small teeth 12, which define a first virtual slot 12a and two second virtual slots 12b symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first virtual slot 12a. The rotor core 2 has multiple rotor teeth 21 arranged at equal angles along the circumferential direction on the side facing the air gap.

[0041] The two sets of permanent magnets 3 are a spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 magnetized tangentially along the stator core 1 and a slot permanent magnet 32 ​​magnetized radially along the stator core 1. The spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 is disposed in the second virtual slot 12b, and the slot permanent magnet 32 ​​is disposed at the opening of the solid slot 11a and in the first virtual slot 12a. The number of pole pairs of both sets of permanent magnets 3 is equal to the number of large teeth on the stator core 1. Armature windings 4 are embedded and arranged in the solid slots 11a between the large teeth 11. The two sets of permanent magnets 3 form parallel excitation in the stator and rotor magnetic circuits and form magnetic flux superposition in the air gap between the stator core 1 and the rotor core 2.

[0042] Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the invention, an annular rotor core 2 is used as the outer rotor, and a stator core 1 is coaxially disposed inside the rotor core 2. The stator core 1 consists of a cylindrical core located at the center and multiple large teeth 11 spaced at equal angles on the outer sidewall. The ends of the large teeth 11 extending radially outward along the core extend circumferentially to both sides and protrude radially outward along the outer edge to form four small teeth 12. Adjacent large teeth 11 define a solid slot 11a in the form of an open slot, while the four small teeth 12 form three recessed slots at the ends of the large teeth 11, namely a first dummy slot 12a located in the middle and two second dummy slots 12b located on both sides of the first dummy slot 12a. The armature winding 4 adopts a distributed winding arrangement spanning two large teeth 11, with each phase armature winding 4 embedded and arranged inside the solid slot 11a across two large teeth 11 and connected in series. Two sets of permanent magnets 3 are provided in conjunction with the stator core 1: a spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 that is magnetized tangentially to the stator core 1, and a slot permanent magnet 32 ​​that is magnetized radially to the stator core 1. The spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 is disposed in two second virtual slots 12b on each large tooth 11, while slot permanent magnets 32 with opposite magnetization directions are disposed at the first virtual slot 12a on the large tooth 11 and at the slot opening of the adjacent real slot 11a.

[0043] When this stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor is working, a sinusoidal alternating current is passed through the armature winding 4 of the motor, generating an AC armature winding 4 with a pole pair number of... The rotating magnetic field, due to the presence of multiple small teeth 12 on the stator core 1 and multiple rotor teeth 21 on the rotor core 2, results in an uneven air gap between the stator and rotor, causing the rotating magnetic field of the AC armature winding 4 to generate a pole pair number of N. PMThe harmonic components, having the same number of pole pairs as the stator spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 and slot permanent magnet 32, and both equal to the number of large teeth on the stator core 1, allow the AC armature winding 4 to interact with the two sets of permanent magnets 3. The newly added slot permanent magnet 32 ​​and spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 are excited in parallel, and the resulting magnetic fields can be effectively superimposed, generating superimposed torque and magnetic flux superposition in the air gap. This effectively improves the utilization rate of the stator core 1 and the motor torque density, thereby also increasing the overall motor output torque.

[0044] The stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor provided in this embodiment of the invention, compared with the traditional permanent magnet flux switching motor structure, optimizes and improves the topology of the stator core 1 by adding a set of radially magnetized slot permanent magnets 32 at the slot opening of the solid slot 11a formed between the large teeth 11 and at the end of the large teeth 11. When energized, these magnets form a parallel magnetic field with the original spoke-type yoke permanent magnets 31, thereby generating a superimposed magnetic field in the air gap. This increases the primary air gap magnetic field harmonics generated by the permanent magnet magnetomotive force harmonics modulated by the rotor teeth 21, greatly improving the no-load back electromotive force and rated load torque. This effectively solves the problems of low core utilization and low motor output torque caused by structural defects in existing permanent magnet flux switching motors.

[0045] Optionally, the armature winding 4 is a high-order harmonic winding, and the number of pole pairs of the armature winding 4 matches the difference between the third harmonic of the magnetomotive force of the two sets of permanent magnets 3 and the number of rotor teeth. Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the invention, applied to a flux-switching motor with multiple air gap harmonics, the utilization rate of air gap harmonics is greatly improved, thereby increasing the no-load back electromotive force and load torque of the motor.

[0046] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the distribution of unloaded magnetic flux is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when rotor core 2 rotates to two specific positions, the yoke permanent magnet flux linkage (as shown by the red magnetic path in the figure) and the slot permanent magnet flux linkage (as shown by the blue magnetic path in the figure) can simultaneously reach their maximum and minimum values, that is, as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The points of maximum and minimum flux linkage are shown. From the perspective of the magnetic circuit, the tangentially magnetized spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 and the radially magnetized slot permanent magnet 32 ​​are energized in parallel. The two sets of permanent magnets 3 have the same number of pole pairs, denoted as N. PM At the same time, it is equal to the number of large teeth N on stator core 1. st The number of small teeth on stator core 1 is N. s The rotor core 2 has N rotor teeth. r The number of pole pairs of armature winding 4 is also the number of pole pairs of the rotating magnetic field generated by the armature current after energization. This is equal to the difference between the third harmonic of the magnetomotive force of the two sets of permanent magnets and the number of rotor teeth. This relationship can be expressed as:

[0047] (1)

[0048] Where, N PM =N st N s =4N st =4N PM And N PM N st N s and N st All are positive integers.

[0049] Further, refer to Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the equivalent permanent magnet magnetomotive force (GMMF) of the stator teeth (i.e., the large tooth 11 and the small tooth 12) under different excitation conditions in this embodiment of the invention. As shown in the figure, without considering core saturation, the GMMF generated by the spoke yoke permanent magnet 31 and the slot permanent magnet 32 ​​can be well superimposed, verifying from the perspective of GMMF that the spoke yoke permanent magnet 31 and the slot permanent magnet 32 ​​with the same number of pole pairs are excited in parallel.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the no-load air gap magnetic flux density of the stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor can be expressed as:

[0051] (2)

[0052] In the formula, θ is the mechanical angle along the air gap; g is the air gap length; μ0 is the air permeability; The magnetomotive force of the two sets of permanent magnets 3; The equivalent stator dual permanent magnet magnetomotive force modulated by the stator teeth; The stator permeability is defined as that of the stator core 1 with large teeth 11 and small teeth 12 and the smooth rotor core 2. The rotor permeability is defined as the rotor core 2 with rotor teeth 21 and the smooth stator core 1.

[0053] Furthermore, the equivalent magnetomotive force generated by the two sets of permanent magnets 3 can be expressed as:

[0054] (3)

[0055] In the formula The equivalent permanent magnet magnetomotive force of the yoke; It is the equivalent slot permanent magnet magnetomotive force.

[0056] (4)

[0057] (5)

[0058] In equations (4) and (5), and These are the equivalent magnetomotive force harmonics of the nth-order spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 and the slot permanent magnet 32, respectively.

[0059] Substituting equations (4) and (5) into equation (3) yields the following:

[0060] (6)

[0061] In the formula It is the equivalent magnetomotive force harmonic of the two sets of permanent magnets of order n.

[0062] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, Figure 6 The diagram shows the equivalent permanent magnetomotive force and its harmonic distribution after stator tooth modulation under different excitation conditions. Figure 7 It can be seen that compared to the case where only the yoke permanent magnet is energized, by adding the slot permanent magnet and using two sets of permanent magnets, the six pairs of pole magnetomotive force, also known as the first harmonic of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force, are reduced; the eighteen pairs of pole magnetomotive force, also known as the third harmonic of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force, are enhanced.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The diagram shows the no-load air gap harmonic distribution after modulation by stator and rotor teeth 21 under different excitation conditions. It can be seen that compared to a traditional flux-switching motor with only the yoke permanent magnet excitation, by adding slot permanent magnets 32, a pair of poles... Harmonics and Thirty-Seven Pole Pairs The harmonics (generated by the modulation of the third harmonic of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force by the rotor teeth) were enhanced; 13 pole pairs Harmonics and 25 pairs of poles Harmonics (generated by the modulation of the first harmonic of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force by the rotor teeth) are reduced. Simultaneously, because armature winding 4 in this design utilizes the third harmonic of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force, the no-load back electromotive force and load torque are significantly increased compared to traditional flux-switching motors with only a permanent magnet in the yoke. Furthermore, due to the adoption of high-order harmonic windings, compared to the traditional fundamental windings utilizing the first harmonic of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force, the proposed high-order harmonic winding method effectively improves the air gap harmonic utilization rate and increases torque density for multi-harmonic flux-switching motors.

[0064] Specifically, the spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 and the slot permanent magnet 32 ​​on the stator core 1 together generate a pole pair number of N. PM The magnetic field, due to N sThe presence of small teeth 12 in stator core 1 causes uneven air gap, resulting in a pole pair number of |N PM -N s | harmonic components, due to N s =4N st =4N PM , |N PM -N s |=3N PM That is, it generates the third harmonic component of the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet; and because N r The presence of rotor teeth 21 in rotor core 2 leads to uneven air gap, resulting in a pole pair number of |3N| based on the aforementioned harmonics. PM -N r The harmonic component of |, since this harmonic component and the armature winding 4 have the same number of pole pairs, causes the armature winding 4 and the two sets of permanent magnets 3 to interact.

[0065] In summary, guided by the principle of magnetic field modulation, the magnetic field generated by the armature winding 4 through the non-uniform action of the stator core teeth 12 and the rotor teeth 21 can interact with the magnetic fields generated by the two sets of permanent magnets 3.

[0066] Optionally, the tangential magnetization direction of the spoke-type yoke permanent magnet 31 within each large tooth 11 faces the adjacent solid slot 11a, the slot permanent magnet 32 ​​in the first dummy slot 12a points towards the air gap for magnetization, and the slot permanent magnet 32 ​​at the slot opening of the solid slot 11a is magnetized away from the air gap. For example, in this embodiment of the invention, the specific magnetization direction can be found in [reference needed]. Figures 2 to 5 In the direction of the arrow, by specifically arranging the magnetization direction of the two sets of permanent magnets 3, an alternating pole magnetic bridge is designed to be formed at the solid slot 11a of each stator core 1. This magnetic bridge is close to the spoke-type yoke permanent magnets 31 with opposite tangential magnetization directions on both sides. This specific arrangement is used to provide a path for low pole logarithmic harmonics, weaken the original magnetic barrier effect, reduce the magnetic resistance of low pole logarithmic working harmonics, and set the armature winding 4 in the alternating pole magnetic barrier, further improving the utilization rate of the stator core 1, thereby further improving the torque.

[0067] Optionally, two small teeth 12 on each large tooth 11 located on the side of the two second dummy slots 12b away from the first dummy slot 12a are integrally connected to the large tooth 11 via a core bridge 13. Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the invention, the core bridge 13 integrally connects multiple small teeth 12 to the large tooth 11, improving the integrity of the stator core 1 structure, facilitating manufacturing, and enhancing the mechanical stability of the stator core 1.

[0068] Optionally, both the stator core 1 and the rotor core 2 are made of stacked slotted silicon steel sheets. Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the invention, both the stator core 1 and the rotor core 2 are made of stacked slotted silicon steel sheets, forming a multi-tooth salient pole structure with large teeth 11, small teeth 12, and rotor teeth 21 through an open slot structure. This greatly improves the overall mechanical stability and reliability of the motor, and also facilitates heat dissipation of the armature winding 4.

[0069] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a working method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 9 As shown, embodiments of the present invention also provide a working method, based on as follows Figures 1 to 2 The stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor shown includes:

[0070] S1, the rotor core 2 is driven to rotate relative to the stator core 1 by external mechanical force. The excitation magnetic field generated by the two sets of permanent magnets 3 is modulated by multiple stator teeth 12 and multiple rotor teeth 21 in sequence to form a rotating air gap magnetic field, which can generate an induced electromotive force in the armature winding 4.

[0071] Optionally, this working method also includes:

[0072] S2, after current is supplied to armature winding 4, a rotating armature magnetic field is generated. After being modulated by multiple stator teeth 12 and multiple rotor teeth 21 in sequence, a rotating air gap magnetic field is formed, causing rotor core 2 to rotate at a corresponding frequency under the drag of the rotating armature magnetic field.

[0073] Specifically, after current is applied to the armature winding 4, a rotating stator magnetic field that is stationary relative to the rotor core 2 is generated, causing the rotor core 2 to rotate at a corresponding frequency under the drag of the rotating stator magnetic field, so as to achieve synchronous rotation with the stator magnetic field.

[0074] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux-switching motor uses the same stator and rotor structure to function as both a generator and a motor. Compared to traditional flux-switching motor structures, this embodiment of the invention achieves a higher no-load back electromotive force when operating as a generator, thereby improving power generation efficiency. When operating as a motor, the newly added slot permanent magnets 32 and spoke-type yoke permanent magnets 31 are excited in parallel, generating superimposed torque and further enhancing the overall output torque of the motor.

[0075] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “comprising” or “including” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding “comprising” or “including” encompasses all elements or objects listed following “comprising” or “including” and are identical to them, but do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms “connected” or “linked” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. “Up,” “down,” “left,” “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0076] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flux-switching motor with a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure, comprising a stator core (1) and a rotor core (2) arranged coaxially, characterized in that: It also includes two sets of permanent magnets (3). The stator core (1) has a plurality of large teeth (11) arranged at equal angles on the side facing the air gap. A solid groove (11a) is formed between adjacent large teeth (11). The end of each large tooth (11) is divided into four small teeth (12). The four small teeth (12) define a first virtual groove (12a) and two second virtual grooves (12b) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first virtual groove (12a). The rotor core (2) has a plurality of rotor teeth (21) arranged at circumferential intervals on the side facing the air gap. The two sets of permanent magnets (3) are respectively a spoke-type yoke permanent magnet (31) magnetized tangentially along the stator core (1) and a slot permanent magnet (32) magnetized radially along the stator core (1). The spoke-type yoke permanent magnet (31) is disposed in the second virtual slot (12b), and the slot permanent magnet (32) is disposed at the slot opening of the solid slot (11a) and in the first virtual slot (12a). The number of pole pairs of the two sets of permanent magnets (3) is equal to the number of large teeth on the stator core (1). Armature windings (4) are embedded in the solid slots (11a) between the large teeth (11). The two sets of permanent magnets (3) form parallel excitation in the stator and rotor magnetic circuits and form magnetic flux superposition in the air gap between the stator core (1) and the rotor core (2). The tangential magnetization direction of the spoke-type yoke permanent magnet (31) in each of the large teeth (11) is towards the adjacent solid slot (11a), the slot permanent magnet (32) in the first virtual slot (12a) is magnetized towards the air gap, the slot permanent magnet (32) at the slot opening of the solid slot (11a) is magnetized away from the air gap, and the two small teeth (12) on each of the large teeth (11) located on the side of the two second virtual slots (12b) away from the first virtual slot (12a) are integrally connected to the large teeth (11) through the iron core bridge (13).

2. The stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The armature winding (4) is a high-order harmonic winding, and the number of pole pairs of the armature winding (4) matches the difference between the third harmonic of the magnetomotive force of the two sets of permanent magnets (3) and the number of rotor teeth.

3. The stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of pole pairs of the two sets of permanent magnets (3) is N. PM The number of large teeth (11) of the stator core (1) is N. st The number of small teeth (12) of the stator core (1) is N. s The number of rotor teeth (21) is N. r The number of pole pairs N of the armature winding (4) a Satisfy the following formula: Where, N PM =N st N s =4N st =4N PM .

4. The stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The armature winding (4) adopts a distributed winding arrangement across two large teeth (11), and each phase of the armature winding (4) is connected in series.

5. The stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The rotor core (2) is annular, and the stator core (1) is coaxially disposed inside the rotor core (2).

6. The stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure flux switching motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Both the stator core (1) and the rotor core (2) are made of stacked toothed silicon steel sheets.

7. A working method based on the flux switching motor with a stator dual permanent magnet multi-tooth structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: The rotor core (2) is driven to rotate relative to the stator core (1) by external mechanical force. The excitation magnetic field generated by the two sets of permanent magnets (3) is modulated by multiple small teeth (12) and multiple rotor teeth (21) to form a rotating air gap magnetic field, thereby generating an induced electromotive force in the armature winding (4).

8. The working method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: After current is applied to the armature winding (4), a rotating armature magnetic field is generated. After being modulated by multiple small teeth (12) and multiple rotor teeth (21) in sequence, a rotating air gap magnetic field is formed, causing the rotor core (2) to rotate at a corresponding frequency under the drag of the rotating armature magnetic field.

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