A method for breeding a plant capable of normal flowering and fruiting without cold vernalization

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of plant growth and development regulation, and relates to a cultivation method for normal flowering and fruiting of winter (semi-winter) plants without low-temperature vernalization. The present application provides a cultivation method for normal flowering and fruiting of winter (semi-winter) plants without low-temperature vernalization, comprising the following steps: (1) sterilization and germination: after sterilization treatment, the plant seeds are germinated and cultivated in darkness to obtain plant seedlings; (2) vernalization-free cultivation: the plant seedlings are irradiated with the following light conditions in the vernalization-free cultivation, the light conditions comprise two or more of 400-500 nm, 600-700 nm and 720-750 nm, the light period adopts 16-22 h light / 2-8 h darkness, the light period temperature ranges from 20-28 DEG C, and the dark period temperature ranges from 18-26 DEG C. The present application actively replaces the sustained low temperature in the flowering induction process of winter plants by using light, a non-temperature environmental factor, thereby realizing exemption from the low-temperature vernalization stage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant growth and development regulation, and relates to a cultivation method for normal flowering and fruit setting of plants without low-temperature vernalization. BACKGROUND

[0002] Flowering is the most critical developmental transition event in the life cycle of plants, and the flowering time directly determines the growth cycle and breeding process of crops. For winter crops, vernalization, i.e., a physiological process that must rely on continuous (usually 3-7 weeks) low-temperature environment stimulation to start the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive development, has long been regarded as an indispensable environmental signal pathway to complete the transition of this developmental stage. In natural ecosystems, winter crops meet the vernalization requirement by going through a complete overwintering low-temperature process; however, in artificial facility environments (such as greenhouses, artificial climate chambers) and highly controllable plant factory systems, crop growth and development can be independent of seasonal restrictions, and at this time, this rigid dependence on continuous low-temperature signals becomes a core bottleneck for shortening the growth cycle. Vernalization not only significantly limits the shortening of the breeding cycle, but also has high energy costs for maintaining large-scale artificial low-temperature environments, which seriously hinders the rapid generation breeding efficiency and system energy efficiency improvement of facility agriculture.

[0003] In the prior art, methods such as photoperiod regulation optimization (e.g., extending daylight hours), improving nutrient supply, exploring chemical vernalization agents, optimizing temperature programs, or genetic improvement screening are proposed to improve the vernalization rate and accelerate the breeding process. For example, Chinese patent CN119866877A improves the breeding efficiency of (semi-) winter wheat by a cultivation process of disinfection germination, low-temperature vernalization, transplanting cultivation, and drying harvesting.

[0004] Although these technologies for vernalization have made some progress, they still do not deviate from the paradigm of "vernalization must rely on low temperature (or simulate low temperature with chemical / physical signals)", and the goal is always to shorten the time required to meet this established requirement, which belongs to the efficiency improvement within the traditional framework. So far, there has been no systematic breakthrough and technical feasibility report on the research path of completely replacing low temperature with non-temperature environmental factors (such as light, chemical signals, biological stimulation, etc.) to completely eliminate the physiological requirement of plants for the vernalization stage and achieve flowering induction without low-temperature treatment.

[0005] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding of the technical personnel in the art; on the other hand, the inventors have studied a large number of literatures and patents when making the present application, but due to the limited space, all the details and contents are not listed in detail, which does not mean that the present application does not have the characteristics of the prior art. On the contrary, the present application already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art in the background. SUMMARY

[0006] It can be known from the above technical problems that breaking through the mandatory dependence of vernalization on low temperature environment not only challenges the foundation of the classical flowering regulation theory, but also has a revolutionary impact on building a truly efficient plant factory breeding acceleration technology system that is free from the constraints of low temperature energy. Specifically, the present application relates to the field of plant growth and development regulation technology, and relates to a method for cultivating plants to normally flower and bear fruit without vernalization at low temperature.

[0007] The present application creatively proposes a method based on specific light signal regulation, the core innovation of which is that by precisely controlling light environment parameters, the conversion from vegetative growth to reproductive development of crops is successfully induced without experiencing the traditional vernalization stage (i.e. free from any low temperature treatment). This method first verifies the feasibility of canceling the requirement of vernalization low temperature at the technical principle level, and provides a new, non-temperature-dependent technical path to solve the long-standing vernalization bottleneck problem in facility agriculture.

[0008] One of the purposes of the present application is to propose a method for cultivating plants to normally flower and bear fruit without vernalization at low temperature, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Disinfection and germination: after disinfection treatment of plant seeds, cultivate the seeds to germinate in darkness to obtain plant seedlings;

[0010] (2) Vernalization-free cultivation: the plant seedlings are irradiated with the following light conditions in the vernalization-free cultivation, the light conditions comprising two or more of 400-500 nm, 600-700 nm and 720-750 nm, and the temperature range during the light period is 20-28℃; the temperature range during the dark period is 18-26℃. Preferably, the temperature range during the light period is 24℃; the temperature range during the dark period is 18℃.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the photoperiod is 16-22 h light / 2-8 h darkness. Preferably, the photoperiod is 22 h light / 2 h darkness.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, in the vernalization-free cultivation, the total light intensity of the light is 150-400 umol / m 2 / s. Preferably, the light intensity of 400-500 nm is 50-150 umol / m 2 / s. The light intensity of 600-700 nm is 50-150 umol / m 2 / s. The light intensity of 720-750 nm is 50-150 umol / m 2 / s. More preferably, the light intensity of 400-500 nm is 90 umol / m 2 / s; the light intensity of 600-700 nm is 90 umol / m 2The light intensity of 400~500 nm is 90 umol / m 2 More preferably, the light intensity of 400~500 nm is 90 umol / m 2 The light intensity of 600~700 nm is 90 umol / m 2 The light intensity of 720~750 nm is 60 umol / m 2 More preferably, the light intensity of 400~500 nm is 90 umol / m 2 The light intensity of 600~700 nm is 90 umol / m 2 The light intensity of 720~750 nm is 90 umol / m 2 More preferably, the light intensity of 400~500 nm is 50 umol / m 2 The light intensity of 600~700 nm is 50 umol / m 2 The light intensity of 720~750 nm is 50 umol / m 2 More preferably, the light intensity of 400~500 nm is 150 umol / m 2 The light intensity of 600~700 nm is 150 umol / m 2 The light intensity of 720~750 nm is 150 umol / m 2 .

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the plant is a winter plant seedling, a semi-winter plant seedling or a weak winter plant seedling. Preferably, the winter, semi-winter or weak winter plant seedling is wheat, rape, Chinese cabbage, cabbage or radish.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the relative humidity of the vernalization-free cultivation is 40~65%. Preferably, the relative humidity of the vernalization-free cultivation is 40%. Preferably, the relative humidity of the vernalization-free cultivation is 50%. Preferably, the relative humidity of the vernalization-free cultivation is 60%. Preferably, the relative humidity of the vernalization-free cultivation is 65%.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the vernalization-free cultivation adopts a nutrient soil cultivation or a nutrient solution hydroponic cultivation. The nutrient soil is, for example, a cultivation soil, a cultivation substrate, a fruit and vegetable special nutrient soil, a rotten leaf soil, a peat soil, an organic nutrient soil or an acidic nutrient soil.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, the nutrient solution hydroponic cultivation is a nutrient solution circulating flow cultivation; the PH of the circulating nutrient solution is 4~6.5. Preferably, for wheat, the PH of the nutrient solution is 5.0~6.5. Preferably, for rape, the PH of the nutrient solution is 6.0~6.5.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the cultivation method further comprises the step of: (3) entering the reproductive growth phase, the spectrum adjustment is full spectrum white light.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the light combination comprises one of the following combinations:

[0019] 400~500 nm and 720~750 nm;

[0020] 600~700 nm and 720~750 nm;

[0021] 400~500 nm, 600~700 nm and 720~750 nm.

[0022] Preferably, the light combination is selected from one or more of the following groups:

[0023] 400 nm and 750 nm; 500 nm and 750 nm; 400 nm and 720 nm; 500 nm and 720 nm; 400 nm and 730 nm; 500 nm and 730 nm; 400 nm and 740 nm; 500 nm and 740 nm.

[0024] Preferably, the light combination is selected from one or more of the following groups:

[0025] 600 nm and 720 nm; 700 nm and 720 nm; 600 nm and 730 nm; 700 nm and 730 nm; 600 nm and 740 nm; 700 nm and 740 nm; 600 nm and 750 nm; 700 nm and 750 nm.

[0026] Preferably, the light combination is selected from one or more of the following groups:

[0027] 600 nm, 400 nm, and 750 nm; 600 nm, 500 nm, and 750 nm; 600 nm, 400 nm, and 720 nm; 600 nm, 500 nm, and 720 nm; 600 nm, 400 nm, and 730 nm; 600 nm, 500 nm, and 730 nm; 600 nm, 400 nm, and 740 nm; 600 nm, 500 nm, and 740 nm; 700, 400 nm, and 750 nm; 700, 500 nm, and 750 nm; 700, 400 nm, and 720 nm; 700, 500 nm, and 720 nm; 700, 400 nm, and 730 nm; 700, 500 nm, and 730 nm; 700, 400 nm, and 740 nm; 700, 500 nm, and 740 nm.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, the seed disinfection treatment comprises the following steps: 70-75% alcohol disinfection for 3-8 minutes. Preferably, the seed disinfection treatment comprises the following steps: 75% alcohol disinfection for 5 minutes.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment, the two-leaf-one-heart stage of the planted plants is subjected to non-vernalization cultivation, or the seed sprouting stage of the plants is subjected to non-vernalization cultivation.

[0030] The light regulation technical solution provided by the present application successfully guides winter plants (such as wheat) to directly skip the traditional vernalization stage in the growth process by accurately regulating the light spectrum composition and intensity parameters. This technical solution brings significant benefits in the field and plant factory environment:

[0031] 1. Successfully avoids the mandatory physiological requirement for a continuous low-temperature period (usually 3-7 weeks), reduces the time spent in the vernalization process to zero, and fundamentally solves the production delay caused by the vernalization period (such as the slow growth of plants caused by low temperature);

[0032] 2. Due to the skipping of the vernalization stage, a key time bottleneck, the overall growth and development period required for plants from sowing to completing flowering / fruiting is significantly shortened, which enables more generations to be bred in the same time (accelerating the breeding process) or achieves shorter production cycles of agricultural products (especially for field crops, reduces the winter low-temperature cultivation process, greatly reducing the difficulty of field cultivation);

[0033] 3. In the facility agriculture (such as plant factory), the huge energy consumption (such as refrigeration system operation cost) for simulating or providing large-area, long-time vernalization low-temperature environment and related equipment investment, maintenance and environmental control complexity are eliminated, the overall energy efficiency and economy of the system are improved, and the number of breeding generations per year is increased.

[0034] 4. Planting winter crops no longer depends on specific low-temperature seasons or specific regional environments to meet the vernalization (for example, regions with an average annual temperature of 20℃ or more), and stable and rapid breeding is realized within a year and in different geographical regions.

[0035] 5. No need for special low-temperature facility preparation, temperature monitoring, transplanting treatment and risk management (for example, incomplete treatment leading to vernalization failure) for vernalization, significantly simplifying the field or factory planting management process, and reducing the operation complexity and failure risk.

[0036] In summary, the present application realizes the active exemption of the vernalization stage in the flowering induction process of winter plants by means of non-temperature environmental factors (light), and the most direct and significant beneficial effect brought by this is the significant shortening of the overall plant cultivation period, and the simultaneous reduction of facility environmental regulation energy consumption and cost, which provides a new technical approach for efficient breeding and agricultural production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a plant growth state diagram of group 1 and the control group of wheat in Example 1, wherein A is the control group, a schematic diagram of non-vernalized wheat always in the vegetative growth stage, B is a schematic diagram of wheat vegetative growth to reproductive growth in the treatment group, and C is a local diagram in the process of wheat turning to reproductive growth;

[0038] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a plant growth state diagram of group 1 and the control group of rapeseed in Example 2, wherein A is the control group, a schematic diagram of non-vernalized rapeseed always in the vegetative growth stage, B is a schematic diagram of rapeseed vegetative growth to reproductive growth in the treatment group, and C is a local diagram in the process of rapeseed turning to reproductive growth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In the description of the present application, the terms are used only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0040] The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents or instruments used are commercially available unless otherwise specified; the specific conditions are not specified in the examples are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer; and the source of the raw materials used in the present application is not limited, and the raw materials used in the present application are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0041] The key of the present application is to use light in a specific waveband range. Any light in this wavelength range can achieve the purpose of the present application, so the present application is not limited to a specific wavelength value. The light in the present application is to simulate the richness of the solar spectrum as much as possible, so as to more comprehensively meet the complex needs of plants in different growth stages and different physiological processes.

[0042] The plant seedlings of the present application can be based on the germination treatment under the same management. The germination treatment comprises the following steps: after the seed of the plant is sterilized, it is placed in a humid condition for germination.

[0043] The plant seedling at least refers to a seed in a white state. The seed involved in the present application refers to active or inactive tissue that can germinate into a plant seedling in a broad sense.

[0044] The light of 400-500 nm, 600-700 nm and 720-750 nm in the following examples is provided by LED spectrum lamps corresponding to the waveband.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This example relates to the experimental treatment of vernalization-free light regulation of wheat.

[0047] S1 Seedling

[0048] In this experiment, the semi-winter wheat variety "Kenong 199" in the laboratory was used as the experimental material.

[0049] S2 Vernalization-free cultivation

[0050] (1) The wheat seeds were sterilized with 70% alcohol for 5 min;

[0051] (2) Overnight germination at room temperature (24°C);

[0052] (3) After the seed germination, the seedlings were transplanted to the planting sponge, and then transplanted to the cultivation rack when the seedlings reached the two-leaf-one-heart stage, and divided into six groups;

[0053] (4) The first group T1 was transplanted to the cultivation rack and then subjected to light treatment, and the light treatment was provided with the following light combination until flowering: 90 umol / m 2 / s of 600-700 nm light, 90 umol / m2 400~500 nm light per second and 30 μmol / m 2 720~750 nm light per second;

[0054] After the second group of T2 plants was transplanted onto the cultivation racks, they underwent light treatment, receiving the following light combination until flowering: 90 umol / m². 2 600~700 nm light per second, 90 μmol / m 2 400~500 nm light per second and 60 μmol / m 2 720~750nm light per second;

[0055] After the third group of T3 plants was transplanted to the cultivation racks, they underwent light treatment, which included the following light combination, until flowering: 90 umol / m 2 / s 600~700 nm light, 90 umol / m 2 400~500 nm light per second and 90 μmol / m 2 720~750 nm light per second;

[0056] The fourth group, which served as the control group, underwent light treatment after being transplanted onto the cultivation rack. The light treatment consisted of the following light combination: 120 umol / m². 2 600~700 nm light per second, 120 umol / m 2 400~500 nm light per second and 0 umol / m 2 720~750nm light per second;

[0057] The fifth group served as control group 2. After being transplanted onto the cultivation racks, they underwent light treatment, which included the following light combination: 90 umol / m². 2 600~700 nm light per second, 90 μmol / m 2 400~500 nm light per second and 0 umol / m 2 720~750 nm light per second;

[0058] The sixth group was the control group. After being transplanted onto the cultivation rack, they underwent light treatment, which provided 240 umol / m². 2 Full-spectrum white light per second;

[0059] The photoperiod for the above six groups was set to 16 h light / 8 h dark, the temperature was 24℃ (light period) / 22℃ (dark period), the cultivation humidity was 60%, and hydroponics with nutrient solution was used.

[0060] As shown in Table 1, wheat in groups four, five, and six failed to flower. Wheat in group one flowered 43 days after transplanting. Wheat in group two flowered 41 days after transplanting. Wheat in group three flowered 40 days after transplanting. This result indicates that even with the same or even higher total light intensity as group two, control groups 1 and 2 still failed to flower. The results suggest that light intensity is not a factor in inducing wheat to skip vernalization and enter reproductive growth.

[0061] Meanwhile, the data shown in Table 1 illustrates that the 720-750 nm light reaches 30 μmol / m 2 / s, the plant can complete flowering within 43 days after transplanting, such as Figure 1 As shown; when the 720~750 nm light is increased to 60 or 90 umol / m 2 At a light intensity of 720–750 nm, flowering time was advanced to 41 days and 40 days, respectively, indicating that the light dose of 720–750 nm light has a continuous but diminishing marginal effect on promoting flowering. Conversely, the two control treatments, although increasing the total amount of 400–500 nm and 600–700 nm light to 180 or 240 μmol / m², showed a different effect. 2 However, no light of 720-750 nm was provided, and none of the treatments induced flowering; the blank treatment also failed to flower, further ruling out interference from natural flowering. Therefore, the key factor determining whether wheat skips vernalization and enters flower bud differentiation is light of 720-750 nm.

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment relates to an experimental treatment for the non-vernalization light regulation of wheat.

[0066] S1 Seedlings

[0067] This experiment used the semi-winter wheat variety "Ke Nong 199" from our laboratory as the experimental material.

[0068] S2 Vernalization-Free Cultivation

[0069] (1) Disinfect wheat seeds with 70% alcohol by volume for 5 min;

[0070] (2) Germination overnight at room temperature (24℃);

[0071] (3) After the seeds sprout, transplant them to the planting sponge. When they have two leaves and a heart, transplant them to the cultivation rack and divide them into six groups.

[0072] (4) After the first group of T1 was transplanted to the cultivation rack, it was subjected to light treatment. After 7 days of light treatment, the light intensity was adjusted to 90 umol / m2 400-500 nm light and 60 umol / m 2 720-750 nm light;

[0073] The second group T2 was transplanted to the cultivation frame and then subjected to light treatment. After 14 days of light treatment, the light was adjusted to full-spectrum white light. The following light combinations were provided during the light treatment: 90 umol / m 2 600-700 nm light, 90 umol / m 2 400-500 nm light and 60 umol / m 2 720-750 nm light;

[0074] The third group T3 was transplanted to the cultivation frame and then subjected to light treatment. After 21 days of light treatment, the light was adjusted to full-spectrum white light. The following light combinations were provided during the light treatment: 90 umol / m 2 600-700 nm light, 90 umol / m 2 400-500 nm light and 60 umol / m 2 720-750 nm light;

[0075] The fourth group was control group 1, which was transplanted to the cultivation frame and then subjected to light treatment. After 14 days of light treatment, the light was adjusted to full-spectrum white light. The following light combinations were provided during the light treatment: 120 umol / m 2 600-700 nm light, 120 umol / m 2 400-500 nm light and 0 umol / m 2 720-750 nm light;

[0076] The fifth group was control group 2, which was transplanted to the cultivation frame and then subjected to light treatment. After 14 days of light treatment, the light was adjusted to full-spectrum white light. The following light combinations were provided during the light treatment: 90 umol / m 2 600-700 nm light, 90 umol / m 2 400-500 nm light and 0 umol / m 2 720-750 nm light;

[0077] The sixth group was a blank group, which was transplanted to the cultivation frame and then subjected to light treatment. The following light combinations were provided during the light treatment: 240 umol / m 2 full-spectrum white light;

[0078] The light period of the above six groups was set to 22 h light / 2 h dark, the temperature was 26°C (light period) / 24°C (dark period), the cultivation humidity was 60%, and nutrient solution hydroponics was used.

[0079] The results show that the wheat in T1, control group 1, 2 and blank group cannot blossom. The wheat in T2 group blossoms 45 days after planting. The wheat in T3 group blossoms 43 days after planting, as shown in the figure. The results show that the light treatment needs not less than 7 days to have the effect of skipping vernalization. Figure 2

[0080] Table 2

[0081]

[0082] Example 3

[0083] This example mainly discusses the specific implementation method of vernalization-free light regulation of winter plants.

[0084] This example relates to the experimental treatment of vernalization-free light regulation of rapeseed.

[0085] S1 Seedling emergence

[0086] In this experiment, the rapeseed variety "Zhongshuang 11" in the laboratory was used as the experimental material.

[0087] S2 Vernalization-free cultivation

[0088] (1) The rapeseed seeds were disinfected with 70% alcohol for 5 min;

[0089] (2) Germination overnight at room temperature (24°C);

[0090] (3) After the seeds were white, they were transplanted to the planting sponge, and then transplanted to the cultivation rack when they had two leaves and one heart, and divided into four groups;

[0091] (4) The first group T1 was treated with light after being transplanted to the cultivation rack, and the light treatment was adjusted to full-spectrum white light after 14 days of light treatment. The following light combinations were provided during light treatment: 50 umol / m 2 / s of 600~700 nm light, 50 umol / m 2 / s of 400~500 nm light and 50 umol / m 2 / s of 720~750 nm light;

[0092] The second group T2 was treated with light after being transplanted to the cultivation rack, and the light treatment was adjusted to full-spectrum white light after 14 days of light treatment. The following light combinations were provided during light treatment: 50 umol / m 2 / s of 400~500 nm light and 50 umol / m 2 / s of 720~750 nm light;

[0093] ​The third group T3 is planted to the cultivation rack and then subjected to light treatment. After 14 days of light treatment, the light treatment is adjusted to full-spectrum white light. The following light combinations are provided during the light treatment: 50 umol / m 2 / s of 600~700 nm light and 50 umol / m 2 / s of 720~750 nm light.

[0094] The fourth group T4 is planted to the cultivation rack and then subjected to light treatment. After 14 days of light treatment, the light treatment is adjusted to full-spectrum white light. The following light combinations are provided during the light treatment: 150 umol / m 2 / s of 600~700 nm light, 150 umol / m 2 / s of 400~500 nm light and 150 umol / m 2 / s of 720~750 nm light.

[0095] The fifth group T5 is planted to the cultivation rack and then subjected to light treatment. After 14 days of light treatment, the light treatment is adjusted to full-spectrum white light. The following light combinations are provided during the light treatment: 150 umol / m 2 / s of 400~500 nm light and 150 umol / m 2 / s of 720~750 nm light.

[0096] The sixth group T6 is planted to the cultivation rack and then subjected to light treatment. After 14 days of light treatment, the light treatment is adjusted to full-spectrum white light. The following light combinations are provided during the light treatment: 150 umol / m 2 / s of 600~700 nm light and 150 umol / m 2 / s of 720~750 nm light.

[0097] The seventh group is a blank group, which is planted to the cultivation rack and then subjected to light treatment. The light treatment is to provide full-spectrum white light.

[0098] The light period of the above seven groups is set to 14 h light / 10 h darkness, the temperature is 20℃ (light period) / 16℃ (dark period), the cultivation humidity is 60%, and water culture is used.

[0099] Table 3

[0100]

[0101] Based on the treatment results of rape and wheat in Examples 1~3, it can be known that the light treatment involved in the present application can have a significant effect on various types of winter, semi-winter or weak winter plants, so that it can skip the vernalization process and enter the reproductive growth at room temperature or ordinary cultivation temperature, greatly shortening the growth cycle of the plants and providing a simple and beneficial treatment means for accelerating breeding.

[0102] The specific light quality and photoperiod combination disclosed in the technical solution is verified (Examples 1 and 3) to be able to effectively induce rapeseed and wheat to complete the normal conversion from vegetative growth to reproductive growth under the condition of completely avoiding traditional vernalization treatment. Based on the common principle of plant light morphological establishment and photoperiod regulation flowering pathway, the mechanism of the light combination is to accurately regulate the light signal perception and conduction pathway, and then affect or replace the expression inhibition of low temperature vernalization signal on key flowering genes, so as to start the formation of spike meristem. In view of the high conservation of the regulation pathway in higher plants, especially in long-day and overwintering crops sensitive to photoperiod and vernalization, the core signal network has homology. Therefore, the signal stimulation provided by the light combination is expected to be applicable to other plant species with similar photoperiod requirements and vernalization dependence, such as wheat, barley, rye, some cruciferous vegetables (such as rapeseed, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, radish), and some ornamental plants (such as peony, peony, tulip), etc., to realize vernalization-free cultivation. This shows that the light combination technology has the potential to be used as a universal platform technology, and its application range is not limited to rapeseed and wheat crops that have been verified by experiments.

[0103] Example 2 further explores and optimizes the conditions of light treatment. The relevant test confirms that when the light conditions are 90 umol / m 2 / s (400-500 nm), 90 umol / m 2 / s (600-700 nm), and 60 umol / m 2 / s (720-750 nm), irradiation for more than 14 days can maximize the acceleration of winter (semi-winter) crops to skip vernalization and complete the normal conversion from vegetative growth to reproductive growth.

[0104] It should be noted that the above specific examples are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions under the inspiration of the disclosure of the present application, and these solutions also belong to the disclosed range of the present application and fall within the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specification and drawings of the present application are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the claims. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for breeding a plant that flowers and sets seeds normally without cold vernalization, characterized by, The plant is a winter plant seedling, a semi-winter plant seedling or a weak winter plant seedling, comprising the following steps: (1) Sterilization and germination: after sterilization of the plant seeds, the plant seedlings are obtained by germination and cultivation in the dark; (2) Vernalization-free cultivation: the plant seedlings are irradiated for no less than 14 days in the vernalization-free cultivation using the following light conditions, which comprise the following combinations: 400-500 nm and 720-750 nm, wherein, Light intensity of 720~750 nm is 50~150 umol / m 2 Light intensity of 400~500 nm is 50~150 umol / m 2 Light intensity of 400~500 nm is 50~150 umol / m The temperature range of the light period is 20-28°C, and the temperature range of the dark period is 18-26°C.

2. The breeding method of a plant which flowers and sets fruit normally without cold vernalization according to claim 1, characterized by, The relative humidity of the vernalization-free cultivation is 40-65%.

3. The cultivation method for plants to flower and bear fruit normally without low-temperature vernalization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vernalization-free cultivation adopts nutrient soil cultivation or nutrient solution hydroponic cultivation.

4. The breeding method of claim 3, wherein the plant is not vernalized by low temperature to normally flower and set seeds. The nutrient solution hydroponic cultivation adopts nutrient solution circulating flow cultivation; the circulating nutrient solution has a pH range of 4.0-6.

5.

5. The method of breeding a plant that flowers and sets seed normally without cold vernalization according to claim 1, wherein The cultivation method further comprises the following step: (3) entering the reproductive growth stage of the plant, and adjusting the spectrum to full-spectrum white light.

6. The breeding method of a plant which flowers and sets fruit normally without cold vernalization according to claim 1, characterized by, During the vernalization-free cultivation, the light period is 16-22 h of light / 2-8 h of darkness.

7. The method of breeding a plant that flowers and sets seed normally without cold vernalization according to claim 1, wherein The winter, semi-winter or weak winter plant is wheat, rapeseed, Chinese cabbage, cabbage or radish.

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