Self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application agent for preventing postoperative delirium of elderly patients and application of self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application agent

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application agent for preventing postoperative delirium of elderly patients and a preparation method and application thereof, and the traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application agent is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials by weight: 6-9g of ginseng, 12-15g of radix paeoniae alba, 10-15g of angelica sinensis, 9-12g of euonymus alatus, 9-15g of rhizoma acori graminei, 9-12g of polygala tenuifolia, 9-12g of tabasheer, 15-18g of dens draconis, 6-9g of liquorice and 1-3g of borneol. And the postoperative delirium risk of the elderly patient is reduced through a multi-target regulation mechanism. Clinical research shows that the preparation can remarkably improve the postoperative cognitive function and shorten the delirium duration, and is good in safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine technology, specifically relating to a traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients, its preparation method and application, and is particularly suitable for elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia surgery aged ≥65 years. Background Technology

[0002] Delirium manifests as acute, fluctuating changes in attention, level of consciousness, and cognitive function. It typically occurs within 24-72 hours post-surgery and lasts for 3-7 days. The incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) is influenced by various factors, including the type of surgery, patient age, and underlying medical conditions. In elderly patients, the incidence of POD after general surgery is wide, ranging from 13% to 50%. The incidence is higher after cardiac surgery, reaching 50%-78.4%, and orthopedic and major abdominal surgeries are also associated with a higher risk of POD. The pathophysiological mechanisms of POD are complex, involving neuroinflammatory responses, oxidative stress, cholinergic system imbalance, and blood-brain barrier disruption. These pathophysiological changes are closely related to short-term postoperative complications (such as hypostatic pneumonia and deep vein thrombosis) and poor long-term cognitive prognosis, such as an increased risk of postoperative cognitive impairment (POCD) and conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD). POD significantly increases hospital stays and medical costs. Studies show that postoperative delirium (POD) can prolong hospital stay by 1.5 to 3 times, averaging an increase of 4 to 6 days, and increase direct medical costs by 20% to 40%. Furthermore, the incidence of postoperative complications (such as infection and hypoxemia) is significantly higher in POD patients, approximately 2 to 3 times higher than in non-delirium patients, and the proportion transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) increases to 22% to 41%. More importantly, POD is an independent risk factor for increased mortality within 30 days post-surgery. Therefore, POD not only increases hospital stay and medical costs but is also a significant factor in long-term cognitive decline and increased mortality risk. Recent research indicates that POD is not merely an acute event; it may also be a warning sign of long-term cognitive decline. A meta-analysis showed that compared to patients without POD, POD patients had a significantly higher risk of developing persistent neurocognitive impairment (p-NCD) at 1, 3, and 12 months post-surgery (OR=2.308). In particular, POD was closely associated with decreased attention (OR=1.671) and memory decline (OR=1.483). Clinical follow-up data shows that the cognitive function recovery rate of patients with post-operative cognitive impairment (POD) is only 40%-50% one year after surgery, while the recovery rate of patients without POD can reach over 70%. POD places significant pressure on the healthcare system and socioeconomic development. In terms of medical resource consumption, POD patients spend 1.5-2 times longer in the ICU, and the use of mechanical ventilation increases by 30%, leading to a decrease in hospital bed turnover and further strain on medical resources. Furthermore, POD patients typically require long-term home care after discharge, placing enormous psychological and financial burdens on their families. Studies show that the average annual medical expenditure for families with POD patients increases by 12,000-25,000 RMB. From the perspective of social productivity loss, the proportion of POD patients returning to work after surgery is significantly lower, and the long-term disability rate is higher, all of which indirectly affect socioeconomic development.POD is not only an acute perioperative complication, but also an important early warning signal of long-term cognitive decline and socioeconomic burden.

[0003] Currently, Western medicine primarily relies on pharmacological interventions to prevent post-diarrheal delirium (POD), such as dexmedetomidine and antipsychotics. While dexmedetomidine can reduce the incidence of delirium by 18-25%, it carries risks of adverse reactions such as excessive sedation, arrhythmia, hypotension, and bradycardia. Antipsychotics like quetiapine are prone to inducing extrapyramidal reactions. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as cognitive training and sleep management, lack standardized procedures, resulting in insufficient clinical compliance. Furthermore, Western medicine's approach, which mainly relies on sedation with Western medicine, also has drawbacks such as cognitive impairment and a high risk of falls.

[0004] Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory classifies postoperative delirium as falling under the categories of "irritability," "insomnia," and "mania." The main pathogenesis is attributed to old age and physical weakness, surgical trauma leading to deficiency of qi and blood, internal generation of phlegm and turbidity, blood stasis, and disturbance of the mind. Acupoint application therapy, as an important component of TCM external treatment, utilizes the synergistic effect of medication and acupoints to avoid the first-pass effect of oral administration and gastrointestinal irritation, offering advantages such as ease of use and minimal side effects.

[0005] While various traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) acupoint patches are currently used to treat insomnia, pain, and other ailments—for example, patent CN9711282 discloses an acupoint patch film containing pangolin scales, cinnamon twigs, and angelica sinensis for treating joint stiffness; and patent CN119235762A discloses an acupoint patch containing raw mustard seed, raw pinellia ternata, and asarum for treating COPD—there are currently no reports of TCM acupoint patches specifically designed for the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients.

[0006] In summary, given the many shortcomings of existing preventive measures, there is an urgent need to develop new and efficient TCM acupoint application programs to fill the gap in TCM external treatment for the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients and achieve safe and effective intervention goals. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients and its application. This patch, through the dual effects of a specific traditional Chinese medicine formula and acupoint stimulation, regulates bodily functions in multiple dimensions, thus preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients. Simultaneously, an evaluation system covering indicators such as the incidence of postoperative cognitive impairment, sleep quality, pain score, and postoperative sedation score is established to scientifically and comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy of the patch, providing a safe and effective treatment plan for postoperative rehabilitation of elderly patients, thereby addressing the problems existing in the aforementioned background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this application employs the following technical solution:

[0009] A self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients is composed of the following Chinese medicinal materials by weight: ginseng 6-9g, white peony root 12-15g, angelica root 10-15g, euonymus alatus 9-12g, acorus tatarinowii 9-15g, polygala tenuifolia 9-12g, bamboo shavings 9-12g, fossilized teeth 15-18g, licorice root 6-9g, and borneol 1-3g.

[0010] Furthermore, it is composed of the following Chinese medicinal materials in parts by weight: ginseng 9g, white peony root 15g, angelica root 15g, euonymus alatus 12g, acorus tatarinowii 15g, polygala tenuifolia 12g, bamboo shavings 12g, dragon teeth 18g, licorice root 6g, and borneol 3g.

[0011] Furthermore, honey and rice wine are used as the mixing medium.

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Ginseng, white peony root, angelica, euonymus, acorus, polygala, bamboo shavings, dragon teeth, and licorice are dried and pulverized according to the set formula, then sieved to obtain a mixed powder of Chinese medicine.

[0014] S2. Grind borneol separately into a fine powder and mix it thoroughly with the Chinese medicine mixture powder from step S1.

[0015] S3. Mix the Chinese herbal medicine powder, honey, and rice wine in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1.2:0.3-0.5, and heat the honey to 40-50℃ to melt it.

[0016] S4. Add rice wine and stir well, then slowly add the mixed Chinese medicine powder to make a paste;

[0017] S5. Dispense the paste into the center of a round medical waterproof dressing and seal it for later use.

[0018] An application of the self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch of any of the above-mentioned methods for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients.

[0019] Furthermore, the plaster is applied to the patient's Taichong acupoint, bilateral Neiguan acupoints, and Yintang acupoint.

[0020] Furthermore, patients begin applying the patch one day before the procedure, changing it every 24 hours until the third day after the procedure.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] 1. Significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative delirium: Through the combined mechanism of "tonifying qi and promoting blood circulation, resolving phlegm and opening the orifices, and calming the mind", the incidence of delirium in the intervention group was reduced by 61.4% compared with the control group, and the protective effect was more significant for high-risk patients (age > 75 years, ASA III).

[0023] 2. Comprehensive improvement in postoperative recovery quality: In terms of sleep quality: the postoperative PSQI score improved by 35.2%, the time to fall asleep was shortened by 42%, and the sleep efficiency was improved by 28%; In terms of pain control: the VAS score decreased by 33.3% 24 hours after surgery, and the amount of analgesic drugs used was reduced by 40%.

[0024] 3. Safety and convenience: The incidence of adverse skin reactions is <7%, and all of them are mild and self-limiting reactions with no systemic adverse reactions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a graph comparing the incidence of delirium within 7 days after surgery in two groups of patients in the clinical study of this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a graph comparing the number of postoperative delirium cases per day within 7 days after surgery in two groups of patients during the clinical study of this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of postoperative VAS pain scores between two groups of patients in the clinical study of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are merely exemplary and can only be used to explain and illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solution of the present invention.

[0029] The traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch provided in this application is composed of the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: ginseng 6-9g, white peony root 12-15g, angelica root 10-15g, Euonymus alatus 9-12g, Acorus tatarinowii 9-15g, Polygala tenuifolia 9-12g, Bambusa textilis 9-12g, fossilized teeth 15-18g, licorice root 6-9g, and borneol 1-3g. Preferably, it is composed of ginseng 9g, white peony root 15g, angelica root 15g, Euonymus alatus 12g, Acorus tatarinowii 15g, Polygala tenuifolia 12g, Bambusa textilis 12g, fossilized teeth 18g, licorice root 6g, and borneol 3g, with honey and rice wine as the mixing medium.

[0030] Table 1: Combination and Efficacy Analysis of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Acupoint Patch of the Invention

[0031] Chinese medicine name Dosage (g) Properties and Channels Main effects Fang Jie Ginseng 6-9 Sweet and slightly bitter, neutral in nature; enters the spleen, lung, and heart meridians. It greatly replenishes vital energy, calms the mind, and improves intelligence. The principal herb replenishes qi, calms the mind, and enhances the body's stress response. White peony root 12-15 Bitter, sour, slightly cold; enters the liver and spleen meridians. Nourishes blood and astringes yin, softens liver and relieves pain Herbal medicine nourishes the blood and softens the liver, relieving surgical stress. Angelica sinensis 10-15 Sweet, pungent, and warm in nature; enters the liver, heart, and spleen meridians. It nourishes blood, promotes blood circulation, regulates menstruation, and relieves pain. The herbal formula nourishes and invigorates blood, improving microcirculation. Ghost Arrow Feather 9-12 Bitter, cold; enters the liver meridian Promotes blood circulation, removes blood stasis, dispels wind and relieves pain Adjuvant medication to promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis, and prevent postoperative microthrombosis. Acorus 9-15 Pungent, bitter, and warm in nature; enters the heart and stomach meridians. It clears the mind and phlegm, refreshes the spirit and enhances intelligence. The medicine acts as a phlegm-resolving and orifice-opening agent, directly affecting the central nervous system. Polygala tenuifolia 9-12 Bitter, pungent, and warm in nature; enters the heart, kidney, and lung meridians. Calms the mind and improves intelligence; clears phlegm and opens the orifices Adjuvant herbs enhance the calming effect of ginseng. Bamboo Yellow 9-12 Sweet, cold; enters the heart and liver meridians. Clears heat and resolves phlegm, cools the heart and calms the nerves. Adjuvant medicine, clears away heat and phlegm, and prevents phlegm from obstructing the mind. Dragon teeth 15-18 Sweet, astringent, and neutral in nature; enters the heart and liver meridians. Calms the nerves and soothes the mind, calms the liver and subdues yang. The herbal medicine is used to calm the mind and stabilize emotions. licorice 6-9 Sweet, neutral; enters the heart, lung, spleen, and stomach meridians. Tonifies the spleen and replenishes qi, harmonizes the effects of various medicines To harmonize the effects of other medicines and reduce irritation. Borneol 1-3 Pungent, bitter, slightly cold; enters the heart, spleen, and lung meridians. It can awaken the mind and spirit, clear heat and relieve pain. To facilitate drug absorption through the skin.

[0032] The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. Ginseng, white peony root, angelica, euonymus, acorus, polygala, bamboo shavings, dragon teeth, and licorice are dried and pulverized according to the set formula, then sieved to obtain a mixed powder of Chinese medicine.

[0034] S2. Grind borneol separately into a fine powder and mix it thoroughly with the Chinese medicine mixture powder from step S1.

[0035] S3. Mix the Chinese herbal medicine powder, honey, and rice wine in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1.2:0.3-0.5, and heat the honey to 40-50℃ to melt it.

[0036] S4. Add rice wine and stir well, then slowly add the mixed Chinese medicine powder to make a paste;

[0037] S5. Dispense the ointment into the center of a 3cm diameter circular medical waterproof dressing, seal and set aside.

[0038] This application also relates to an application of the aforementioned self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients. Specifically, the patch is applied to the Taichong (LR3), bilateral Neiguan (PC6), and Yintang (GV24) acupoints. Patients begin application one day before surgery, changing the patch every 24 hours until the third postoperative day. The procedure is as follows: clean the skin around the acupoints, remove the patch, apply it to the corresponding acupoints, and press to ensure it adheres tightly to the skin. Precautions: Do not use on broken skin or if allergic; avoid contact with water for 48 hours after application.

[0039] Clinical applications of the above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicine acupoint poultices:

[0040] 1. Clinical study design:

[0041] A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted, enrolling 60 elderly patients aged ≥65 years undergoing general anesthesia (ASA class I-III). They were randomly assigned to the intervention group (application) and the control group (placebo application), with 30 patients in each group.

[0042] 2. Intervention methods:

[0043] Intervention group: Starting one day before surgery, the herbal acupoint patch of this invention was applied to the Taichong, bilateral Neiguan, and Yintang acupoints, and changed every 24 hours until the third day after surgery.

[0044] Control group: A placebo patch with the same appearance and application method as the intervention group was applied.

[0045] Evaluation indicators:

[0046] Primary endpoint: Incidence of postoperative delirium within 7 days (assessed using the CAM scale); the incidence was assessed twice daily at 8:00 and 16:00 from day 1 to day 7 postoperatively, and the number of patients experiencing postoperative delirium was recorded. The CAM assessment included four aspects: (1) acute onset with fluctuating symptoms; (2) inattention; (3) disordered thinking; and (4) altered level of consciousness. Delirium was diagnosed if any one of (1), (2), (3), or (4) was met.

[0047] Secondary endpoints: sleep quality, pain intensity, and depth of sedation. Sleep quality: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used for assessment 1 day preoperatively and 1-3 days postoperatively. The PSQI comprises seven dimensions (subjective sleep quality, time to fall asleep, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of hypnotics, and daytime dysfunction), with a total score ranging from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicate poorer sleep quality. Pain intensity: The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to assess pain levels at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively, with 0 indicating no pain and 10 indicating severe pain. Depth of sedation: The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) was used to assess sedation levels, ranging from -4 (coma) to +4 (aggressive), with 0 indicating wakefulness and calmness.

[0048] Adverse reactions: Record skin reactions at the application site (redness, swelling, itching, blisters, etc.), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and other adverse events.

[0049] 3. Statistical methods:

[0050] Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software. Quantitative data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (x ± s), and t-tests were used for comparisons between groups. Categorical data were expressed as rates (%), and χ² tests were used for comparisons between groups. Repeated measures data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0051] 4. Clinical research results:

[0052] (1) Comparison of baseline data: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients in terms of age, gender, ASA classification, and operation time (P>0.05), and they were comparable.

[0053] Table 2: Comparison of baseline data between the two groups of patients (x±s)

[0054] index Intervention group (n=30) Control group (n=30) t / χ² value p-value Age (years) 72.5±5.8 73.2±6.1 0.452 0.652 Gender (Male / Female) 18 / 12 16 / 14 0.256 0.605 BMI (kg / m²) 23.8±3.2 24.3±3.5 0.589 0.558 ASA classification (I / II / III) 5 / 18 / 7 6 / 17 / 7 0.008 0.934 Operation time (min) 182.6±45.7 175.4±50.2 0.598 0.552 Anesthesia time (min) 215.3±48.5 208.7±52.6 0.497 0.612 Preoperative MMSE score (points) 26.3±2.1 25.8±2.4 1.012 0.382

[0055] (2) Primary endpoint results: Incidence of postoperative delirium: The incidence of delirium within 7 days postoperatively in the intervention group was 16.7% (5 / 30), significantly lower than 43.3% (13 / 30) in the control group (χ²=5.454, P=0.020). The median duration of delirium in the intervention group was 1.5 (1.0, 2.0) days, shorter than 2.0 (1.5, 3.0) days in the control group (Z=2.143, P=0.032). Delirium subtype analysis showed that hyperactive delirium accounted for 20.0% (1 / 5) and mixed delirium accounted for 80.0% (4 / 5) in the intervention group; while hyperactive delirium accounted for 30.8% (4 / 13) and mixed delirium accounted for 69.2% (9 / 13) in the control group. There was no significant difference in the distribution of delirium subtypes between the two groups (P>0.05).

[0056] Table 3: Comparison of postoperative delirium incidence and duration

[0057] index Incidence of delirium Median duration of delirium (days) The proportion of hyperactive delirium The proportion of mixed-type delirium Intervention group (n=30) 16.7%（5 / 30） 1.5（1.0,2.0） 20.0%（1 / 5） 80%（4 / 5） Control group (n=30) 43.3%（13 / 30） 2.0（1.5,3.0） 30.8%（4 / 13） 69.2%（9 / 13） χ² / Z value 5.454 2.143* 0.083 0.214 p-value 0.020 0.032 0.774 0.643

[0058] Note: There was no difference in subtype distribution (P > 0.05)

[0059] Table 4: Comparison of daily delirium occurrences within 7 days post-surgery (cases)

[0060] index Day 1 after surgery Day 2 after surgery Day 3 after surgery 4th day after surgery Days 5-7 after surgery Intervention group (n=30) 1 2 1 1 0 Control group (n=30) 4 3 3 2 1 χ² value 0.048 0.091 0.180 0.214 / p-value 0.827 0.763 0.672 0.643 0.049*

[0061] Note: * indicates Fisher's precise test to be performed 5-7 days post-surgery.

[0062] (3) Secondary final frequency results:

[0063] Sleep quality: There was no statistically significant difference in PSQI scores between the two groups before surgery (P>0.05). From 1 to 3 days post-surgery, the PSQI score in the intervention group was 8.2±2.1, significantly lower than the 11.5±3.0 in the control group (t=4.983, P<0.001). Analysis of the various dimensions of PSQI showed that the intervention group was significantly better than the control group in subjective sleep quality (1.2±0.4 vs 1.8±0.6, P<0.001), sleep onset time (1.3±0.5 vs 1.9±0.7, P=0.001), and sleep efficiency (1.1±0.3 vs 1.7±0.6, P<0.001) (Table 2).

[0064] Table 5 Comparison of postoperative PSQI scores between the two groups (x±s, points)

[0065] PSQI Dimensions Intervention group (n=30) Control group (n=30) t-value p-value Subjective sleep quality 1.2±0.4 1.8±0.6 4.572 <0.001 Bedtime 1.3±0.5 1.9±0.7 3.872 0.001 Sleep time 1.5±0.6 1.8±0.7 1.782 0.080 Sleep efficiency 1.1±0.3 1.7±0.6 5.103 <0.001 Sleep disorders 1.4±0.5 1.6±0.6 1.432 0.158 Total Score 8.2±2.1 11.5±3.0 4.983 <0.001

[0066] Pain intensity: Comparison of VAS scores at various time points after surgery between the two groups showed that the intervention group had significantly lower pain scores at 24 h (3.1±1.2 vs 4.5±1.4, t=4.215, P<0.001) and 48 h (2.3±1.0 vs 3.2±1.3, t=3.102, P=0.003) than the control group. The number of PCIA compressions in the intervention group within 24 h after surgery was 8.5±3.2 times, less than the 11.8±4.1 times in the control group (t=3.572, P=0.001). The total sufentanil consumption in the intervention group was 75.3±12.5 μg, lower than the 92.6±15.8 μg in the control group (t=4.782, P<0.001).

[0067] Table 6. Comparison of VAS scores at different time points after surgery (x±s)

[0068] Time point Intervention group (n=30) Control group (n=30) t-value p-value 6 hours after surgery 4.2±1.1 4.8±1.3 1.876 0.065 12 hours after surgery 3.8±1.0 4.5±1.2 2.543 0.013 24 hours after surgery 3.1±1.2 4.5±1.4 4.215 <0.001 48 hours after surgery 2.3±1.0 3.2±1.3 3.102 0.003

[0069] Depth of sedation: There was no statistically significant difference in RASS scores between the two groups (P>0.05). Most patients scored between -1 and +1, indicating that the depth of sedation was moderate in both groups, with no excessive sedation or agitation.

[0070] 4. Safety Evaluation: In the intervention group, 2 patients (6.7%) experienced mild itching at the application site, which resolved spontaneously without treatment; 1 patient (3.3%) experienced mild local erythema, which disappeared after discontinuation of the medication. In the control group, 1 patient (3.3%) experienced mild itching at the application site. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). No serious adverse events such as anaphylactic shock or severe skin reactions were observed.

[0071] Table 7. Incidence of Adverse Reactions [n(%)]

[0072] Adverse reactions Intervention group (n=30) Control group (n=30) χ² value p-value Mild itching 2(6.7) 1(3.3) 0.345 0.557 Localized erythema 1(3.3) 0(0) 1.012 0.314

[0073] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit this application. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application using the disclosed technical content are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients, characterized in that, It is composed of the following Chinese medicinal materials in parts by weight: ginseng 6-9g, white peony root 12-15g, angelica root 10-15g, euonymus alatus 9-12g, acorus tatarinowii 9-15g, polygala tenuifolia 9-12g, bamboo shavings 9-12g, dragon teeth 15-18g, licorice root 6-9g, and borneol 1-3g.

2. The self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is composed of the following Chinese medicinal materials in parts by weight: ginseng 9g, white peony root 15g, angelica root 15g, euonymus alatus 12g, acorus tatarinowii 15g, polygala tenuifolia 12g, bamboo shavings 12g, dragon teeth 18g, licorice root 6g, and borneol 3g.

3. The self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients according to claim 1, characterized in that, It uses honey and rice wine as the mixing medium.

4. The self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: S1. Ginseng, white peony root, angelica, euonymus, acorus, polygala, bamboo shavings, dragon teeth, and licorice are dried and pulverized according to the set formula, then sieved to obtain a mixed powder of Chinese medicine. S2. Grind borneol separately into a fine powder and mix it thoroughly with the Chinese medicine mixture powder from step S1. S3. Mix the Chinese herbal medicine powder, honey, and rice wine in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1.2:0.3-0.5, and heat the honey to 40-50℃ to melt it. S4. Add rice wine and stir well, then slowly add the mixed Chinese medicine powder to make a paste; S5. Dispense the paste into the center of a round medical waterproof dressing and seal it for later use.

5. An application of the self-made traditional Chinese medicine acupoint patch according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients, characterized in that... Application in preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, Apply the patch to the patient's Taichong acupoint, bilateral Neiguan acupoints, and Yintang acupoint.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, Patients began applying the patch one day before the procedure and changed it every 24 hours until the third day after the procedure.

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