A pillow changing vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a sleeper changing vehicle, belonging to the technical field of engineering vehicles, and aims to solve the problems of large disturbance and low efficiency of the existing sleeper changing vehicle. The sleeper changing vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a sleeper changing mechanism, a soil plowing mechanism and a sleeper storage rack installed on the vehicle body; the sleeper changing mechanism comprises a movable arm, a bucket rod, a support frame, a rotating frame and a double clamping assembly, the double clamping assembly is equipped with a transverse moving assembly suitable for different weight sleepers, and the transverse moving assembly can realize lateral transfer switching; the soil plowing mechanism cleans the sand soil under the sleeper through a rotating shaft and a soil plowing shovel, and completes backfilling in cooperation with a soil retaining plate. During operation, the sleeper changing mechanism clamps the old sleeper, then transversely moves the old sleeper through the transverse moving assembly and separates the old sleeper from the side, and then clamps the new sleeper from the storage rack and moves the new sleeper to the installation position laterally, without rotating the sleeper during the whole process. The application realizes lateral separation and installation of new and old sleepers, reduces the disturbance of the track bed and the steel rail, improves the automation degree and efficiency of operation, is suitable for wooden and cement sleepers, is suitable for various complex operation conditions, and reduces the maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engineering vehicle technology, and in particular to a pillow-changing vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Railway sleeper replacement is a critical part of track maintenance. Currently, most sleeper replacement vehicles use a method of rotating and pulling out the old sleeper from the middle of the track. This method requires rotating the sleeper 90° before removing it from the gap between the rails, which has significant drawbacks.

[0003] Large track bed disturbance: During the rotation and removal of sleepers, large-scale damage is caused to the track bed structure, resulting in a short-term decrease in load-bearing capacity and increasing the workload of subsequent tamping and track adjustment.

[0004] Rail stability risk: When the sleeper is pulled out, the rail loses its intermediate support, which can easily cause displacement, affecting the gauge and track smoothness, and even causing safety hazards.

[0005] The operation process is complex, requiring additional rotational movements and having limited adaptability to sleeper weight and ballast conditions, making it difficult to meet the efficient sleeper replacement requirements of special scenarios such as bridges and tunnels. Although some scenarios have attempted to remove sleepers from the side, traditional side-removal methods rely on manual labor or small machinery, resulting in problems such as large ballast removal workload, low automation, and insufficient clamping stability, especially inefficient in heavy-haul railways or large-scale sleeper replacement operations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sleeper replacement device that can balance low disturbance, high stability, and efficient operation to solve the technical challenges of significant track structure damage, complex operation, and poor adaptability in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by providing a pillow changing vehicle.

[0007] The technical solution of this application is implemented as follows:

[0008] This application provides a pillow changing vehicle, which includes a pillow changing mechanism installed on the vehicle body;

[0009] The pillow changing mechanism includes:

[0010] The boom and stick are provided, wherein the first end of the boom is rotatably mounted on the vehicle body via an adapter, and the first end of the stick is rotatably connected to the second end of the boom;

[0011] A support frame and a rotating frame, wherein the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the support frame, and the top surface of the support frame is rotatably mounted on the second end of the boom;

[0012] The first clamping assembly is movably mounted on the portion of the support frame away from the rotating frame, and is movable up and down along the height direction of the support frame;

[0013] The second clamping assembly is movably mounted on the rotating frame and can move up and down along the height direction of the rotating frame;

[0014] The first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly each have an openable first clamping jaw and a second clamping jaw, and both the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw can clamp the sleeper;

[0015] The clamping surfaces of the first and second clamps are equipped with lateral movement components, which can drive the clamped sleeper to move laterally from the first clamp to the second clamp, or from the second clamp to the first clamp.

[0016] The pillow-changing vehicle also includes:

[0017] A soil-digging mechanism is installed at the front end of the vehicle body;

[0018] A sleeper storage rack is installed on the side of the vehicle body, and several sleepers are mounted on the sleeper storage rack.

[0019] In one embodiment, the support frame is equipped with a first lifting hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder end of the first lifting hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner side of the support frame, and the telescopic end is fixed to the first gripper.

[0020] The rotating frame is equipped with a second lifting hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder end of the second lifting hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner side of the rotating frame, and the telescopic end is fixed to the second gripper.

[0021] A third hydraulic cylinder is installed between the support frame and the rotating frame. The cylinder end of the third hydraulic cylinder is rotatably mounted on the support frame, and the telescopic end is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame.

[0022] In one embodiment, the vehicle body is also equipped with a steering hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder end of which is rotatably mounted on the vehicle body, and the telescopic end is rotatably mounted on the adapter.

[0023] The steering hydraulic cylinder is arranged laterally relative to the vehicle body;

[0024] The boom is mounted on the left side of the vehicle body relative to the central axis along the length of the vehicle body, so that when the boom swings to the front of the vehicle body, the axis of the first clamping assembly corresponds to the axis of the vehicle body.

[0025] The sleeper storage rack is located on the right side of the vehicle body.

[0026] In one embodiment, the lateral movement component includes:

[0027] The transmission assembly is mounted on the clamping surface;

[0028] The transmission assembly has two transmission shafts, which are mounted on the grippers along the length of the grippers, and a transmission belt is sleeved on the transmission shafts.

[0029] When the first or second gripper clamps the sleeper, the surface of the transmission belt is in contact with the side of the sleeper;

[0030] The transmission assembly further includes a first motor, the body of which is mounted on the gripper, and the output end passes through the gripper and is fixed to one of the transmission shafts.

[0031] In one embodiment, the lateral movement component includes:

[0032] A sliding clamping liner is movably mounted on the clamping surface of the gripper;

[0033] A liner moving hydraulic cylinder, wherein the cylinder end of the liner moving hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner side of the gripper, and the telescopic end is fixed to the side of the sliding clamping liner.

[0034] When the first or second clamping jaws grip the sleeper, the surface of the sliding clamping liner is in contact with the side of the sleeper;

[0035] The sliding clamping liner also has a shielding part for shielding the hydraulic cylinder that moves the liner.

[0036] In one embodiment, the soil-digging mechanism includes:

[0037] A soil-digging support, the rear end of which is rotatably mounted on the front end of the vehicle body;

[0038] A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted at the front end of the soil-shoveling bracket. The outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft has a soil-shoveling blade arranged circumferentially thereon, and the blade lip of the soil-shoveling blade faces the rotation direction of the rotating shaft.

[0039] The second motor has its body mounted on the upper surface of the excavating support. A transmission belt is fitted onto the output end of the rotating shaft of the second motor, and the second motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the transmission belt.

[0040] The support rotating hydraulic cylinder has its cylinder end rotatably mounted on the vehicle body and its telescopic end rotatably mounted on the top of the soil-digging support.

[0041] The digging shovel is positioned at the middle, left, and right ends of the rotating shaft;

[0042] There is a gap between the central digging shovel and the left and right digging shovels, and the width of the gap is greater than the width of the rail.

[0043] The extension end of the hydraulic cylinder of the bracket extends, so that when the soil-digging bracket rotates downward to its limit position, the bottom end of the soil-digging shovel is lower than the bottom of the vehicle body, and the track is placed in the gap between the soil-digging shovel in the middle and the soil-digging shovels on the left and right sides.

[0044] The extension end of the hydraulic cylinder of the support retracts, so that when the soil-digging support rotates upward to its limit position, the bottom of the soil-digging shovel is higher than the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0045] In one embodiment, the shovel groove of the digging shovel rotates gradually toward the edge of the rotating shaft with the center of the rotating shaft as the center, and the direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotating shaft.

[0046] In one embodiment, the soil-shoveling mechanism further includes:

[0047] A connecting frame, the rear end of which is fixedly connected to the front end of the vehicle body;

[0048] A retaining plate, which is rotatably mounted on the front end of the connecting frame;

[0049] A hydraulic cylinder is driven, with its cylinder end located inside the connecting frame and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the connecting frame. Its telescopic end extends out of the front end of the connecting frame and is rotatably connected to the retaining plate.

[0050] The bottom of the retaining plate is provided with a clearance groove that matches the rail.

[0051] When the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder extends, the bottom of the retaining plate flips outward to its limit position, and the bottom of the retaining plate is higher than the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0052] When the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder retracts, the retaining plate flips inward to its limit position, and the rail is placed in the clearance groove.

[0053] The advantages or beneficial effects of the above technical solutions include at least the following:

[0054] This invention achieves low disturbance to the track structure and efficient operation during sleeper replacement through the design of a sleeper replacement mechanism that allows for the lateral removal of the sleeper.

[0055] Reduce the impact on the track bed and rails: Without rotating the sleepers, the old sleepers are directly removed from the side and new sleepers are inserted through the lateral movement component, avoiding large-area disturbance to the central area of ​​the track bed, effectively maintaining the stability of the rails, and reducing the need for track geometry adjustment.

[0056] Improved work efficiency and adaptability: The dual clamping components, combined with the lateral transmission mechanism, can quickly complete the lateral transfer of new and old sleepers without complicated angle adjustments. It is suitable for wooden and cement sleepers weighing 120-200 kg, and through the coordinated movement of the boom, stick, and hydraulic cylinder, it can flexibly adapt to different sleeper spacings and working spaces. Attached Figure Description

[0057] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present application and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the principles of the present application. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

[0058] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the vehicle body structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0059] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a retaining plate rotating downwards to its limit position according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0060] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the retaining plate rotating upwards to its limit position according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0061] Figure 4 The first schematic diagram shows the soil-scraping mechanism of the present invention before and after soil-scraping, with the upper part being the schematic diagram before soil-scraping and the lower part being the schematic diagram during soil-scraping.

[0062] Figure 5 The second schematic diagram shows the soil-scraping mechanism of the present invention before and after soil-scraping. The upper part is a schematic diagram of soil-scraping, and the lower part is a schematic diagram of soil-scraping after soil-scraping. In the lower part, the sleeper moves downward due to the movement of the sleeper-changing mechanism and leaves its original position.

[0063] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention is shown, showing the boom rotating to the sleeper storage rack to grab a new sleeper;

[0064] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the boom rotating to the front of the vehicle body according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0065] Figure 8 The diagram shows a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the upper half of the diagram, both the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are moved downward to their extreme positions, and the first and second grippers are closed, while the rotating frame is rotated to a position parallel to the support frame. In the lower half of the diagram, both the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are moved downward to their extreme positions, and the first and second grippers are opened, while the rotating frame is rotated to a position at an angle to the support frame.

[0066] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the first lifting hydraulic cylinder and the second lifting hydraulic cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0067] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of the transverse component of the present invention is shown;

[0068] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the transverse component of the present invention is shown, wherein the dashed arrows in the figure indicate the direction of movement of the sliding clamping liner;

[0069] Figure 12 An installation diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0070] Figure 13 The diagram illustrates how a sleeper moves from a first clamping assembly to a second clamping assembly via a lateral moving assembly, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The upper half shows the first clamping assembly clamping the sleeper, and the lower half shows the second clamping assembly clamping the sleeper.

[0071] Figure 14 This diagram illustrates how the second clamping assembly of an embodiment of the present invention discards the replaced sleeper beside the car body. The upper part shows the second clamping assembly clamping the old sleeper, and the lower part shows the second clamping assembly discarding the old sleeper.

[0072] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of the excavating support, the rotating shaft, and the second motor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0073] Figure 16 The diagram illustrates an embodiment of the present invention where the boom rotates to the sleeper storage rack to grab a new sleeper, and the new sleeper moves from the first clamping assembly to the second clamping assembly. The upper half shows the first clamping assembly clamping the new sleeper, and the lower half shows the second clamping assembly clamping the new sleeper.

[0074] Figure 17 A top view schematic diagram of a pillow-changing cart according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0075] Reference numerals: 10. Car body; 11. Steering hydraulic cylinder; 12. Sleeper storage rack; 13. Cab; 14. Track assembly; 20. Sleeper changing mechanism; 21. Boom; 22. Stick; 23. Rotating frame; 24. Support frame; 241. Third hydraulic cylinder; 25. First clamping assembly; 251. First gripper; 252. First lifting hydraulic cylinder; 26. Second clamping assembly; 261. Second gripper; 262. Second lifting hydraulic cylinder; 271. Transmission assembly Components; 2711, drive shaft; 2712, drive belt; 272, first motor; 273, sliding clamping liner; 2731, shielding part; 274, liner moving hydraulic cylinder; 28, gripper hydraulic cylinder; 30, soil-digging mechanism; 31, soil-digging bracket; 32, rotating shaft; 321, soil-digging shovel; 322, shovel groove; 33, second motor; 34, bracket rotating hydraulic cylinder; 35, connecting frame; 36, soil-blocking plate; 361, clearance groove; 37, pushing hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0076] Reference Figure 1 A sleeper replacement car includes: a sleeper replacement mechanism 20 installed on the car body 10 of the sleeper replacement car, a soil-scraping mechanism 30 installed at the front end of the car body 10, and a sleeper storage rack 12 installed on the side of the car body 10, with a plurality of sleepers mounted on the sleeper storage rack 12.

[0077] Among them, the sleeper replacement mechanism 20 is used to remove and replace the sleepers of the railway rail, and the soil removal mechanism 30 is used to clean the sand under the sleeper to create a gap under the sleeper for the replacement and installation of the sleeper.

[0078] The pillow changing mechanism 20 includes:

[0079] The boom 21 and stick 22 are configured such that the first end of the boom 21 is rotatably mounted on the vehicle body 10 via an adapter, and the first end of the stick 22 is rotatably connected to the second end of the boom 21. The rotation between the stick 22 and the boom 21 is achieved by a hydraulic cylinder mounted between them. Specifically, the adapter is rotatably mounted on the vehicle body 10, the boom 21 is rotatably mounted on the adapter, and the vehicle body 10 is also equipped with a steering hydraulic cylinder 11. The cylinder end of the steering hydraulic cylinder 11 is rotatably mounted on the vehicle body 10, and the telescopic end is rotatably mounted on the adapter. By extending and retracting the telescopic end of the steering hydraulic cylinder 11, the adapter is rotated, thereby causing the boom 21 to swing.

[0080] The support frame 24 and the rotating frame 23 are rotatably connected to the support frame 24, and the top surface of the support frame 24 is rotatably mounted on the second end of the boom 22.

[0081] The first clamping assembly 25 is movably installed on the part of the support frame 24 away from the rotating frame 23, and can move up and down along the height direction of the support frame 24; specifically, the support frame 24 is equipped with a first lifting hydraulic cylinder 252, the cylinder end of the first lifting hydraulic cylinder 252 is fixed to the inner side of the support frame 24, and the telescopic end is fixed to the first gripper 251.

[0082] The second clamping assembly 26 is movably mounted on the rotating frame 23 and can move up and down along the height direction of the rotating frame 23. Specifically, the rotating frame 23 is equipped with a second lifting hydraulic cylinder 262. The cylinder end of the second lifting hydraulic cylinder 262 is fixed to the inner side of the rotating frame 23, and the telescopic end is fixed to the second gripper 261.

[0083] like Figure 6 As shown, by cooperating with the steering hydraulic cylinder 11, the boom 21 and the stick 22, the boom 21 can be rotated to the direction of the sleeper storage rack 12, and a new sleeper can be clamped by the first clamping assembly 25.

[0084] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, a third hydraulic cylinder 241 is installed between the support frame 24 and the rotating frame 23. The cylinder end of the third hydraulic cylinder 241 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 24, and the telescopic end is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame 23. The rotating frame 23 can be rotated by the extension and retraction of the third hydraulic cylinder 241.

[0085] The first clamping assembly 25 and the second clamping assembly 26 respectively have an openable and closable first jaw 251 and a second jaw 261, such as Figure 8 As shown, both the first gripper 251 and the second gripper 261 open and close via the extension and retraction of the gripper hydraulic cylinder 28. Figure 8 As can be seen, when the telescopic end of the gripper hydraulic cylinder 28 extends, the grippers open to each other; when the telescopic end retracts, the grippers close to each other, so that both the first gripper 251 and the second gripper 261 can grip the sleeper. The gripping surfaces of the first gripper 251 and the second gripper 261 are equipped with lateral movement components. The lateral movement components replace the grippers to grip the sleeper, and the lateral movement components can drive the gripped sleeper to move laterally from the first gripper 251 to the second gripper 261, or from the second gripper 261 to the first gripper 251, so that the sleeper can move and switch laterally between the first gripper 251 and the second gripper 261.

[0086] The specific components of the transverse traverse assembly described above in this application have two implementation methods:

[0087] In the first embodiment, the lateral movement component includes:

[0088] Transmission assembly 271 is mounted on the clamping surface;

[0089] The transmission assembly 271 has two transmission shafts 2711, which are mounted on the gripper along the length of the gripper, and a transmission belt 2712 is sleeved on the transmission shafts 2711.

[0090] When the first jaw 251 or the second jaw 261 clamps the sleeper, the surface of the transmission belt 2712 is in contact with the side of the sleeper.

[0091] The transmission assembly 271 further includes a first motor 272. The body of the first motor 272 is mounted on the gripper, and the output end passes through the gripper and is fixed to one of the transmission shafts 2711. The first motor 272 drives the transmission shaft 2711 to rotate, causing the transmission belt 2712 to move. Since the surface of the transmission belt 2712 is in contact with the side of the sleeper, the sleeper can be moved in the direction from the first gripper 251 to the second gripper 261 or from the second gripper 261 to the first gripper 251.

[0092] like Figure 13 As shown, after the first gripper 251 grips the sleeper, the first motor 272 drives the transmission shaft 2711 to rotate, causing the transmission belt 2712 on the first gripper 251 to move forward, causing the sleeper to move towards the second gripper 261. At this time, the second gripper 261 can be in an open state. When the sleeper moves to the effective gripping range of the second gripper 261, the second gripper 261 clamps the sleeper. The first motor 272 on the second gripper 261 drives the transmission shaft 2711 to rotate, causing the transmission belt 2712 on the second gripper 261 to move forward and pull the sleeper to the middle of the second gripper 261, so that the switch can be performed.

[0093] The first embodiment is suitable for use with wooden sleepers weighing between 120 kg and 150 kg;

[0094] The lateral movement component includes:

[0095] The sliding clamping liner 273 is movably mounted on the clamping surface of the gripper;

[0096] Liner plate moving hydraulic cylinder 274, the cylinder end of the liner plate moving hydraulic cylinder 274 is fixed to the inner side of the gripper, and the telescopic end is fixed to the side of the sliding clamping liner plate 273.

[0097] When the first jaw 251 or the second jaw 261 clamps the sleeper, the surface of the sliding clamping liner 273 is in contact with the side of the sleeper.

[0098] The sliding clamping liner 273 also has a blocking part 2731 for blocking the hydraulic cylinder 274 that moves the liner;

[0099] Based on the above structure, when the first gripper 251 clamps the sleeper, since the surface of the sliding gripping liner 273 is in contact with the side of the sleeper, the operator controls the extension and retraction end of the liner moving hydraulic cylinder 274 to extend and retract, so that the sliding gripping liner 273 moves towards the second gripper 261. In conjunction with the clamping of the first gripper 251, the sleeper can be transported towards the second gripper 261. At this time, the second gripper 261 is in an open state. When the sleeper reaches the effective clamping range of the second gripper 261, the second gripper 261 clamps again, so that the surface of the sliding gripping liner 273 on the second gripper 261 is in contact with the side of the sleeper, and the switching can be completed.

[0100] It should be noted that before the second gripper 261 clamps the sleeper, the sliding clamping liner 273 on the second gripper 261 needs to be moved to the limit position closest to the first gripper 251 before clamping.

[0101] The second embodiment is suitable for use with cement sleepers weighing between 150 kg and 200 kg.

[0102] The common feature of the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the distance between the first gripper 251 and the second gripper 261 is less than 1 / 2 of the length of the sleeper. That is, when the sleeper moves from the first gripper 251 to the second gripper 261 and extends, it can be ensured that the extended end of the sleeper can be clamped by the second gripper 261 before the middle of the sleeper reaches the edge of the first gripper 251. This avoids the situation where the center of gravity of the sleeper exceeds the effective gripping range of the gripper after it extends, and the other end cannot enter the effective gripping range of the other gripper.

[0103] As a preferred embodiment of the above structure, the vehicle body 10 is also equipped with a steering hydraulic cylinder 11, the cylinder end of the steering hydraulic cylinder 11 being rotatably mounted on the vehicle body 10, and the telescopic end being rotatably mounted on the adapter.

[0104] The steering hydraulic cylinder 11 is arranged laterally relative to the vehicle body 10;

[0105] The boom 21 is mounted on the left side of the vehicle body 10 relative to the central axis in the length direction of the vehicle body 10, so that when the boom 21 swings to the front of the vehicle body 10, the axis of the first clamping assembly 25 corresponds to the axis of the vehicle body 10.

[0106] The sleeper storage rack 12 is located on the right side of the car body 10, so that when the boom 21 swings to the right side of the car body 10, the first clamping component 25 or the second clamping component 26 can be smoothly clamped onto the sleeper on the sleeper storage rack 12.

[0107] It is worth noting that the sleeper storage rack 12 stacks sleepers in the height direction and also in the width direction. When the first clamping component 25 or the second clamping component 26 clamps a new sleeper, the sleeper can be pulled out by the lateral component. The support for the new sleeper below does not need to make way for the new sleeper above, thus improving space utilization.

[0108] The pillow changing vehicle also includes a soil-scraping mechanism 30, which includes:

[0109] Soil-digging support 31, the rear end of which is rotatably mounted on the front end of vehicle body 10;

[0110] The rotating shaft 32 is rotatably mounted at the front end of the soil-digging support 31. The outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 32 has a soil-digging shovel 321 arranged along its circumference. The shovel lip of the soil-digging shovel 321 faces the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 32. When the rotating shaft 32 rotates, it will push the sand between the sleeper and the car body 10 toward the car body 10, forming a pit. The sand under the sleeper to be replaced will collapse into the pit due to vibration, causing the sleeper to lose its support. It should be noted that even if the sand under it does not collapse into the pit, it will become loose due to vibration and gradually collapse downward.

[0111] Second motor 33, such as Figure 15 As shown, the body of the second motor 33 is mounted on the upper surface of the excavating support 31. A transmission belt is fitted onto the output end of the rotating shaft 32 and the second motor 33. The second motor 33 drives the rotating shaft 32 to rotate through the transmission belt, thereby performing excavation work.

[0112] The support rotating hydraulic cylinder 34 has its cylinder end rotatably mounted on the vehicle body 10, and its telescopic end rotatably mounted on the top of the soil-digging support 31. Soil-digging shovels 321 are arranged at the middle, left, and right ends of the rotating shaft 32. There is a gap between the middle soil-digging shovel 321 and the left and right soil-digging shovels 321, the width of which is greater than the width of the rails. The middle shovel is used to remove sand and soil from the middle of the two rails, while the left and right shovels are used to remove sand and soil from both sides of the rails.

[0113] Based on the above structure, such as Figure 4 lower half and Figure 5 As shown in the upper part, the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 34 of the support extends, so that when the soil-digging support 31 rotates downward to its limit position, the bottom end of the soil-digging shovel 321 is lower than the bottom of the vehicle body 10, and the track is placed in the gap between the middle soil-digging shovel 321 and the left and right soil-digging shovels 321, at which point soil-digging work can be carried out; as Figure 5 lower half and Figure 4As shown in the upper part, the telescopic end of the support rotating hydraulic cylinder 34 retracts, so that when the soil-digging support 31 rotates upward to the limit position, the bottom end of the soil-digging shovel 321 is higher than the bottom of the vehicle body 10. At this time, the pillow changing vehicle can move back and forth.

[0114] Based on a further improvement to the above structure, the shovel groove 322 of the digging shovel 321 rotates gradually towards the edge of the rotating shaft 32, with the center of the rotating shaft 32 as the center, and the direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotating shaft 32, such as... Figure 15 As shown, this structure forms a pointed shovel 321 in the middle of the rotating shaft 32. As the rotating shaft 32 rotates, the pointed shovel 321 in the middle will first dig into the sand. The sand will enter the shovel groove 322. As the sand and soil are squeezed against each other and the rotating shaft continues to rotate, the sand and soil will move along the shovel groove 322 to both sides of the rotating shaft. More intuitively, the shape of the shovel groove 322 and the rotation of the rotating shaft will force the part of the shovel 321 in contact with the sand and soil to switch from the middle of the rotating shaft to both ends, forcing the sand and soil to accumulate towards the vehicle body 10 and also to the sides.

[0115] The excavation mechanism 30 also includes:

[0116] The connecting bracket 35 is fixedly connected at its rear end to the front end of the vehicle body 10, such as... Figure 15 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the connecting frame 35 is a long strip structure with its rear end fixed to the vehicle body 10 and its front end passing through the soil-digging bracket 31.

[0117] A retaining plate 36 is rotatably mounted on the front end of the connecting frame 35;

[0118] The hydraulic cylinder 37 is pushed. The cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder 37 is located inside the connecting frame 35 and is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the connecting frame 35. The telescopic end can extend out of the front end of the connecting frame 35 and is rotatably connected to the retaining plate 36. The bottom of the retaining plate 36 is provided with a clearance groove 361 that fits the rail.

[0119] Based on the above structure, when the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 37 is pushed out, the retaining plate 36 is flipped outward to its limit position, and the bottom of the retaining plate 36 is higher than the bottom of the car body 10. At this time, the car body 10 can move. When the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 37 is pushed back, the retaining plate 36 is flipped inward to its limit position, and the rail is placed in the clearance groove 361. At this time, when the rotating shaft 32 rotates, it will pile up sand and soil towards the retaining plate 36. After the replacement of the sleeper is completed, the car body 10 moves forward and can backfill the piled sand and soil into the pit dug by the digging shovel 321.

[0120] Furthermore, the vehicle body 10 of this application is also equipped with an interconnected controller and operating system. The operating system is installed in the driver's cab 13 on the vehicle body 10. The driver inputs commands to the controller through the operating system, and the controller controls specific components that perform actions according to the commands. The specific components connected to the controller include a track assembly 14, a gripper hydraulic cylinder 28, a steering hydraulic cylinder 11, a first lifting hydraulic cylinder 252, a second lifting hydraulic cylinder 262, a third hydraulic cylinder 241, a first motor 272, a second motor 33, a bracket rotation hydraulic cylinder 34, a pushing hydraulic cylinder 37, a first clamping assembly 25, and a second clamping assembly 26 installed at the bottom of the vehicle body 10. If the lateral movement assembly adopts the second embodiment, the first motor 272 is replaced by a liner moving hydraulic cylinder 274.

[0121] Based on the above structure, a camera assembly is also installed on the support frame 24. The camera assembly is used to acquire real-time video images of the first gripper 251 and the second gripper 261 and transmit them back to the screen in the cab 13, so that the driver can observe the gripping status of the first gripper 251 and the second gripper 261 and facilitate operation.

[0122] The driver can perform the following actions on the vehicle body 10 through the operating system to complete specific tasks:

[0123] 1. The controller moves on the sleeper via the track assembly 14 to the position of the sleeper to be replaced.

[0124] II. The sleeper-changing mechanism 20 clamps the sleeper to be replaced:

[0125] The controller controls the extension end of the steering hydraulic cylinder 11 to extend, pushing the steering component to rotate, thus rotating the boom 21 so that it faces the front of the vehicle body 10, as shown. Figure 7 As shown, the boom 21 and stick 22 are adjusted to move downwards toward the sleeper to be replaced, and the first gripper 251 is operated to open and clamp the sleeper to be replaced. During this process, the driver uses the image transmitted back by the camera assembly to assist in clamping.

[0126] 3. Excavate the sand and soil under the sleepers to be replaced:

[0127] Before excavation begins, the controller needs to retract the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 37, causing the retaining plate 36 to rotate downwards. Figure 2 As shown, the controller controls the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 34 of the rotating support to extend, controlling the digging support 31 to rotate downwards. When the digging support 31 rotates downwards to its limit position, the bottom of the digging shovel 321 is lower than the bottom of the vehicle body 10, and the track is placed in the gap between the middle digging shovel 321 and the left and right digging shovels 321. At this time, the second motor 33 can be started to rotate the rotating shaft 32. The rotation direction is counterclockwise, the purpose of which is to allow the sand to accumulate in front of the retaining plate 36.As a preferred embodiment, before the excavation work is carried out, it is also necessary to operate the sleeper replacement mechanism 20 to clamp the sleeper to be replaced, so that the first gripper 251 clamps the sleeper to be replaced before the excavation work is carried out. After the excavation work is completed, the on-site staff can disassemble and separate the sleeper from the track.

[0128] 4. Remove the old sleepers to be replaced:

[0129] a. In the case where the lateral movement component adopts the first embodiment:

[0130] like Figure 13 As shown, after the first gripper 251 grips the sleeper, the controller controls the extension end of the first lifting hydraulic cylinder 252 to extend, causing the first gripping assembly 25 to move downwards while gripping the sleeper. Simultaneously, the controller controls the extension end of the second lifting hydraulic cylinder 262 to extend, causing the second gripping assembly 26 to move downwards to the same height while gripping the sleeper. The first motor 272 drives the transmission shaft 2711 to rotate, causing the transmission belt 2712 on the first gripper 251 to move, moving the sleeper towards the second gripper 261. At this time, the second gripper 261 can be in an open state. When the sleeper moves into the effective gripping range of the second gripper 261, the second gripper 261 clamps the sleeper. The first motor 272 on the second gripper 261 drives the transmission shaft 2711 to rotate, causing the transmission belt 2712 on the second gripper 261 to move, pulling the sleeper to the middle of the second gripper 261. At this time, the controller controls the extension end of the third hydraulic cylinder 241 to extend, causing the rotating frame 23 to deflect. Figure 14 As shown, the second gripper 261 holds the sleeper and deflects it out of the track range. Then, the extension end of the second lifting hydraulic cylinder 262 is controlled to extend. The second gripping assembly 26 moves upward until the old sleeper is at or above the ground level. At this time, the first motor 272 continues to drive the transmission shaft 2711 to rotate, so that the sleeper can be transported to the side of the car body 10.

[0131] b. In the case where the lateral movement component adopts the second embodiment:

[0132] When the first gripper 251 clamps the sleeper, the controller controls the extension end of the first lifting hydraulic cylinder 252 to extend, causing the first clamping assembly 25 to move downward while clamping the sleeper. Simultaneously, the controller controls the extension end of the second lifting hydraulic cylinder 262 to extend, causing the second clamping assembly 26 to move downward to the same height while clamping the sleeper. Since the surface of the sliding clamping liner 273 is in contact with the side of the sleeper, the operator controls the extension end of the liner moving hydraulic cylinder 274 to extend or retract, causing the sliding clamping liner 273 to move towards the second gripper 261. Combined with the clamping of the first gripper 251, the sleeper can be moved downward... The second gripper 261 transports the rail sleeper in the direction of movement. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 274 controlling the movement of the liner moves, causing the sliding clamping liner 273 on the second gripper 261 to move to its closest limit position to the first gripper 251. The second gripper 261 is then in an open state. When the sleeper reaches the effective clamping range of the second gripper 261, the second gripper 261 clamps again, and the first gripper 251 opens, causing the surface of the sliding clamping liner 273 on the second gripper 261 to fit against the side of the sleeper. At this time, the telescopic end of the third hydraulic cylinder 241 extends, causing the rotating frame 23 to deflect. Figure 14 As shown, the second gripper 261 holds the sleeper and deflects it outside the rail range. Then, the extension end of the second lifting hydraulic cylinder 262 is controlled to extend, and the second gripping assembly 26 moves upward so that the old sleeper is at or above the ground level. The extension end of the liner moving hydraulic cylinder 274 is controlled to drive the sliding gripping liner 273 on the second gripper 261 to the extreme position furthest from the first gripper 251. The sleeper can then be moved to a position away from the rail. Then, the second gripper 261 is released, and the sleeper can be transported to the side of the car body 10.

[0133] V. The sleeper-changing mechanism 20 clamps the sleepers on the sleeper storage rack 12:

[0134] The controller retracts the telescopic end of the steering hydraulic cylinder 11, pulling the steering component to rotate, causing the boom 21 to rotate 90°. This controls the opening of the jaws of the first clamping assembly 25, clamping the sleepers on the sleeper storage rack 12. After clamping, the new sleeper is moved laterally from the first jaw 251 to the second jaw 261 via the lateral movement assembly. Figure 16 As shown; furthermore, the sleeper storage rack 12 can also move forward to the effective clamping position of the second gripper 261, which is not shown in the figure. By controlling the second gripper 261 to open, the sleeper can also be clamped directly by the second gripper 261.

[0135] 6. Move the new sleepers to the designated position:

[0136] After the second gripper 261 clamps the new sleeper, the controller controls the extension end of the steering hydraulic cylinder 11 to extend, pulling the steering component to rotate, causing the boom 21 to rotate 90°. Then, the controller controls the extension end of the third hydraulic cylinder 241 to extend, causing the rotating frame 23 to deflect, so that the sleeper clamped on the second gripper 261 is in an inclined state to avoid collision between the sleeper and the rail. The controller controls the boom 21 and the stick 22 to move the entire support frame 24 downward, extending the new sleeper into the pit dug by the excavation mechanism 30. Then, the controller controls the extension end of the third hydraulic cylinder 241 to retract, so that the deflected sleeper is straightened. The new sleeper is moved laterally from the second gripper 261 to the position of the first gripper 251 by the lateral movement component, so that the workers can go to fix the sleeper to the rail.

[0137] It is worth noting that: since the old sleeper has been moved to the side of the car body 10 during operation four, and moved a considerable distance by the lateral movement component, the new sleeper held on the second gripper 261 will not touch the old sleeper next to it. Even in some extreme cases, if the position of the old sleeper is still too close, the controller can also control the boom 21 and stick 22 to extend forward a distance to bypass the old sleeper next to it, and then perform the above steps to replace it. The operator can control the boom 21 and stick 22 to flexibly move the sleeper replacement mechanism 20 according to the actual situation.

[0138] 7. Backfill the pits;

[0139] The controller controls the track assembly 14 to move the vehicle body 10 forward, and pushes the pile of soil accumulated by the digging shovel 321 in the second operation into the pit through the soil retainer 36 for backfilling.

[0140] According to the above structure, the first clamping component 25 is responsible for securing the sleeper and transferring it to the second clamping component 26, while the second clamping component 26 is used to clamp the new sleeper and discard the old sleeper. The two clamping components cooperate with each other and respond to each other to realize the replacement of the sleeper.

[0141] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a sleeper replacement method, which is based on the sleeper replacement car described above and employs the actions described in items one to seven above for a specific task.

Claims

1. A pillow-changing cart, characterized in that: The pillow changing vehicle includes a pillow changing mechanism (20) installed on the body (10) of the pillow changing vehicle. The pillow changing mechanism (20) includes: The boom (21) and stick (22) are provided, wherein the first end of the boom (21) is rotatably mounted on the vehicle body (10) via an adapter, and the first end of the stick (22) is rotatably connected to the second end of the boom (21); A support frame (24) and a rotating frame (23), wherein the rotating frame (23) is rotatably connected to the support frame (24), and the top surface of the support frame (24) is rotatably mounted on the second end of the stick (22); The first clamping assembly (25) is movably mounted on the portion of the support frame (24) away from the rotating frame (23) and is movable up and down along the height direction of the support frame (24); The second clamping assembly (26) is movably mounted on the rotating frame (23) and can move up and down along the height direction of the rotating frame (23); The first clamping assembly (25) and the second clamping assembly (26) have an openable first clamping jaw (251) and a second clamping jaw (261), respectively, and both the first clamping jaw (251) and the second clamping jaw (261) can clamp the sleeper; The clamping surfaces of the first clamp (251) and the second clamp (261) are equipped with lateral movement components. The lateral movement components can drive the clamped sleeper to move laterally from the first clamp (251) to the second clamp (261), or from the second clamp (261) to the first clamp (251). The pillow-changing vehicle also includes: A soil-digging mechanism (30) is installed at the front end of the vehicle body (10); A sleeper storage rack (12) is installed on the side of the car body (10), and several sleepers are mounted on the sleeper storage rack (12).

2. The pillow-changing cart according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (24) is equipped with a first lifting hydraulic cylinder (252), the cylinder end of the first lifting hydraulic cylinder (252) is fixed to the inner side of the support frame (24), and the telescopic end is fixed to the first gripper (251); The rotating frame (23) is equipped with a second lifting hydraulic cylinder (262). The cylinder end of the second lifting hydraulic cylinder (262) is fixed to the inner side of the rotating frame (23), and the telescopic end is fixed to the second gripper (261). A third hydraulic cylinder (241) is installed between the support frame (24) and the rotating frame (23). The cylinder end of the third hydraulic cylinder (241) is rotatably mounted on the support frame (24), and the telescopic end is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame (23).

3. The pillow-changing cart according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vehicle body (10) is also equipped with a steering hydraulic cylinder (11), the cylinder end of the steering hydraulic cylinder (11) is rotatably mounted on the vehicle body (10), and the telescopic end is rotatably mounted on the adapter. The steering hydraulic cylinder (11) is arranged laterally relative to the vehicle body (10); The installation position of the boom (21) is offset to the left side of the vehicle body (10) relative to the central axis of the vehicle body (10) in the length direction, so that when the boom (21) swings to the front of the vehicle body (10), the axis of the first clamping assembly (25) corresponds to the axis of the vehicle body (10). The sleeper storage rack (12) is located on the right side of the car body (10).

4. The pillow-changing cart according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The lateral movement component includes: The transmission assembly (271) is mounted on the clamping surface; The transmission assembly (271) has two transmission shafts (2711) and is mounted on the gripper along the length of the gripper. A transmission belt (2712) is sleeved on the transmission shaft (2711). When the first jaw (251) or the second jaw (261) clamps the sleeper, the surface of the transmission belt (2712) is in contact with the side of the sleeper; The transmission assembly (271) further includes a first motor (272), the body of which is mounted on a gripper, and the output end passes through the gripper and is fixed to one of the transmission shafts (2711).

5. The pillow-changing cart according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The lateral movement component includes: A sliding clamping liner (273) is movably mounted on the clamping surface of the gripper; Liner moving hydraulic cylinder (274), the cylinder end of the liner moving hydraulic cylinder (274) is fixed to the inner side of the gripper, and the telescopic end is fixed to the side of the sliding clamping liner (273); When the first jaw (251) or the second jaw (261) clamps the sleeper, the surface of the sliding clamping liner (273) is in contact with the side of the sleeper; The sliding clamping liner (273) also has a shielding part (2731) for shielding the hydraulic cylinder (274) that moves the liner.

6. The pillow-changing cart according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-cutting mechanism (30) includes: Soil-shoveling support (31), the rear end of which is rotatably mounted on the front end of the vehicle body (10); A rotating shaft (32) is rotatably mounted at the front end of the soil-shoveling bracket (31). The outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (32) has a soil-shoveling shovel (321) arranged along its circumference. The orientation of the shovel lip of the soil-shovel (321) is matched with the rotation direction of the rotating shaft (32), thereby pushing the sand towards the vehicle body (10). The second motor (33) has its body mounted on the upper surface of the excavating support (31). The rotating shaft (32) and the output end of the second motor (33) are fitted with a transmission belt. The second motor (33) drives the rotating shaft (32) to rotate through the transmission belt. The support rotating hydraulic cylinder (34) has its cylinder end rotatably mounted on the vehicle body (10) and its telescopic end rotatably mounted on the top of the soil-digging support (31). The digging shovel (321) is arranged in the middle, left and right ends of the rotating shaft (32); Among them, there is a gap between the middle digging shovel (321) and the left and right digging shovels (321), and the width of the gap is greater than the width of the rail. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (34) of the bracket extends, so that when the soil-digging bracket (31) rotates downward to the limit position, the bottom end of the soil-digging shovel (321) is lower than the bottom of the vehicle body (10), and the track is placed in the gap between the soil-digging shovel (321) in the middle and the soil-digging shovels (321) on the left and right sides. When the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder (34) of the support retracts, the bottom end of the digging support (31) is higher than the bottom of the vehicle body (10) when the digging support (31) rotates upward to the limit position.

7. The pillow-changing cart according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shovel groove (322) of the shovel (321) rotates gradually toward the edge of the rotating shaft (32) with the middle part of the rotating shaft (32) as the center, and the direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotating shaft (32).

8. The pillow-changing cart according to claim 7, characterized in that: The soil-cutting mechanism (30) also includes: A connecting frame (35) is fixedly connected at its rear end to the front end of the vehicle body (10); A retaining plate (36) is rotatably mounted on the front end of the connecting frame (35); The hydraulic cylinder (37) is pushed, with its cylinder end located inside the connecting frame (35) and rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the connecting frame (35). Its telescopic end can extend out of the front end of the connecting frame (35) and is rotatably connected to the retaining plate (36). The bottom of the retaining plate (36) is provided with a clearance groove (361) that fits the rail. When the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder (37) extends, the bottom end of the retaining plate (36) is higher than the bottom of the vehicle body (10) when the retaining plate (36) is flipped outward to the limit position. When the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (37) retracts, the retaining plate (36) flips inward to its limit position, and the rail is placed in the clearance groove (361).

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