Debris flow protection structure

Abstract

The application discloses a debris flow protection structure and relates to the technical field of debris flow disaster prevention engineering, which comprises an energy dissipation deceleration layer arranged vertically and a storage and blocking layer arranged obliquely. The energy dissipation deceleration layer is composed of a plurality of first composite anchor cables arranged horizontally or obliquely, and the storage and blocking layer is composed of a spider web-shaped blocking net woven by second composite anchor cables. The composite anchor cables are all provided with a bamboo piece anti-collision layer structure outside a carbon fiber composite material anchor cable body. The end portions of the first composite anchor cables and the blocking net are anchored to a base body through a connecting structure, and the connecting structure comprises a tension-compression conversion mechanism with an embedded energy dissipation pipe and a wave-shaped clamping piece clamping mechanism. The two-stage protection mechanism is used to realize impact kinetic energy dissipation and solid matter blocking and storage successively, and effectively solves the problems of easy corrosion and easy failure of a traditional metal structure and the problems of large self-weight and difficult construction of a reinforced concrete structure, and has the advantages of strong impact resistance, good durability, light weight, high strength and good environmental adaptability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of debris flow disaster prevention engineering, in particular to a debris flow protection structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a natural disaster that occurs frequently worldwide, debris flow has the characteristics of strong suddenness, great impact and significant destructiveness, which poses a serious threat to mountain infrastructure and people's life and property safety. At present, the method of setting a blocking system is commonly used in engineering for debris flow control. The flexible protection net has become an innovative protection method with broad application prospects due to its high efficiency, portability and good adaptability to complex terrain. However, the existing flexible protection system relies on metal materials (such as steel cables and steel wire meshes) to build a single line of defense, which has obvious limitations in practical application. On the one hand, the energy dissipation capacity of such structures is limited when they are subjected to high-speed impact of large stones, and local damage or even overall failure may occur. On the other hand, metal components are easily corroded when exposed to humid and variable natural environments for a long time, resulting in degradation of material strength and insufficient durability, which makes it difficult to meet the long-term reliability requirements of debris flow protection systems.

[0003] In addition, although the traditional reinforced concrete blocking structure has high strength and durability, it has problems such as high self-weight, inconvenient construction, high carbon emissions, etc. Especially in remote mountainous areas, transportation and construction of traditional structures are difficult, and the environmental impact of the whole life cycle is large. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a debris flow protection structure to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the reliability of debris flow protection.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a debris flow protection structure, which comprises a vertical energy dissipation and deceleration layer and an inclined accumulation and blocking layer.

[0007] The energy dissipation and deceleration layer comprises a plurality of first composite anchor cables, which are arranged horizontally or obliquely in the vertical plane where the energy dissipation and deceleration layer is located; the first composite anchor cable comprises an anchor cable body and a collision prevention layer wrapping the anchor cable body.

[0008] The accumulation and blocking layer comprises a spider web-shaped blocking net, the material of the blocking net is a second composite anchor cable, and the structure of the second composite anchor cable is the same as that of the first composite anchor cable.

[0009] The rock mass or soil mass where the debris flow protection structure is located is referred to as a base body, ends of the first composite anchor cables and ends of the barrier nets are provided with bending sections and first connecting rings, two ends of each of the bending sections are fixedly connected, the first connecting ring on the first composite anchor cable is formed by the bending section on the first composite anchor cable, and the first connecting ring on the barrier net is formed by the bending section on the barrier net; each of the first connecting rings is fixedly connected with the base body through a connecting structure, and the first connecting ring and the connecting structure are in one-to-one correspondence.

[0010] Preferably, each of the connecting structures comprises an anchor hole, an anchor rod and a tension-compression conversion mechanism; cement mortar is cast in the anchor hole, and the anchor rod and the tension-compression conversion mechanism are fixed in the cement mortar in the anchor hole; the anchor rod is annular, and the anchor rod is connected with the first connecting ring of the connecting structure through the tension-compression conversion mechanism;

[0011] The tension-compression conversion mechanism comprises a first adapter disc, an energy dissipation pipe and a second adapter disc which are sequentially distributed along an axial direction of the anchor hole, and the second adapter disc is closer to an opening end of the anchor hole than the first adapter disc; four through holes are arranged on the first adapter disc and the second adapter disc, the first connecting ring passes through two through holes on the first adapter disc and two through holes on the second adapter disc, and the anchor rod passes through the other two through holes on the first adapter disc and the other two through holes on the second adapter disc.

[0012] Preferably, two ends of the bending section are fixedly connected through a clamping mechanism; the clamping mechanism comprises a first wave-shaped clamping piece and a second wave-shaped clamping piece, the first wave-shaped clamping piece and the second wave-shaped clamping piece are fixedly connected through a plurality of bolts; two ends of the bending section are fixedly clamped between the first wave-shaped clamping piece and the second wave-shaped clamping piece.

[0013] Preferably, the energy dissipation pipe is an FRP pipe.

[0014] Preferably, all the through holes on the first adapter disc are uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction, and all the through holes on the second adapter disc are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0015] Preferably, the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body and a buffer layer wrapping the anchor rod body.

[0016] Preferably, a material of the buffer layer is a bamboo piece, and the buffer layer is bonded with the anchor rod body.

[0017] Preferably, all the first composite anchor cables are horizontally spaced, or all the first composite anchor cables are obliquely arranged, or part of the first composite anchor cables are obliquely arranged and another part of the first composite anchor cables are horizontally arranged;

[0018] The two adjacent first composite anchor cables arranged horizontally are connected by a plurality of limiting ring buckles, and the limiting ring buckles connected with the two first composite anchor cables are distributed in the horizontal direction, and each limiting ring buckle is fixedly connected with one first composite anchor cable at the top end and another first composite anchor cable at the bottom end.

[0019] Preferably, the blocking net is in a circular spider web shape, a triangular spider web shape or a regular hexagonal spider web shape.

[0020] The top end of the accumulation and retention blocking layer is flush with or higher than the top end of the energy dissipation and deceleration layer.

[0021] Preferably, the material of the anti-collision layer is bamboo sheet, and the anti-collision layer is bonded with the anchor cable body; the material of the anchor cable body is carbon fiber composite cable, and the anchor cable body is a rod cable or a plate cable.

[0022] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0023] The debris flow protection structure of the present application forms a two-stage protection mechanism through the setting of the vertical energy dissipation and deceleration layer and the inclined accumulation and retention blocking layer. The energy dissipation and deceleration layer first preliminarily decelerates and dissipates the energy of the high-speed debris flow impact body, reducing its kinetic energy; the inclined accumulation and retention blocking layer further intercepts and retains the solid materials in the debris flow, while guiding the fluid to pass through in an orderly manner, effectively reducing the impact load of the overall structure and significantly improving the protection reliability and disaster resistance. The composite anchor cable is used as the core force member, the anchor cable body of which is preferably made of carbon fiber composite material, which has the characteristics of high strength, high corrosion resistance and light weight, effectively avoiding the problems of easy corrosion and fatigue of traditional metal materials; the outer layer is coated with a bamboo sheet anti-collision layer or a buffer layer, which not only further enhances the impact resistance and energy dissipation capacity of the component, but also improves its long-term durability in harsh environments. Through the anchor rod connection system with a tension-compression conversion mechanism, the impact kinetic energy is converted into the deformation energy of the energy dissipation pipe, further dissipating the energy; the wave-shaped clamping mechanism converts the impact kinetic energy into the friction internal energy between the bending section and the wave-shaped clamping piece, further dissipating the energy; the annular anchor rod design enhances the anchoring reliability, adapts to complex geological conditions, and improves the stability and pull-out resistance of the overall structure. Compared with the traditional reinforced concrete structure, the present application uses a large amount of light-weight high-strength composite material, greatly reducing the self-weight of the structure and facilitating transportation and installation in mountainous areas. The spider web-shaped blocking net design not only ensures the interception effect, but also has good water permeability, reducing the static water pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the first composite anchor cable in the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the tension-compression conversion mechanism in the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the clamping mechanism in the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the first composite anchor cable in the form of a plate cable in the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the protective net in the form of a circular spider web in the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the protective net in the form of a triangular spider web in the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 9 Structure diagram of the protective net in the form of a regular hexagonal spider web in the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the protective net in the form of an octagonal spider web in the debris flow protection structure of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the debris flow protection structure of the second embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the debris flow protection structure of the third embodiment of the present application;

[0037] In the diagram: 100, Matrix; 1, Energy-dissipating and deceleration layer; 10, First composite anchor cable; 101, Anchor cable body; 102, Anti-collision layer; 11, Limiting ring; 2, Storage and barrier layer; 200, Barrier net; 201, Second composite anchor cable; 301, Anchor hole; 302, Cement mortar; 3031, Anchor rod; 3032, First connecting ring; 304, Tension-compression conversion mechanism; 3041, Energy-dissipating pipe; 3042, First adapter plate; 3043, Second adapter plate; 305, Clamping mechanism; 3051, First wave clamp; 3052, Second wave clamp; 3053, Bolt; 3054, Nut; 3055, Washer. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The purpose of this invention is to provide a debris flow protection structure to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the reliability of debris flow protection.

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a debris flow protection structure, which is set on a valley or slope where debris flows may occur, and the rock or soil in this location is collectively referred to as the base 100.

[0042] The debris flow protection structure of this embodiment includes a vertically arranged energy-dissipating and decelerating layer 1 and an inclined storage and retaining layer 2 located behind it. The top of the storage and retaining layer 2 is preferably flush with or slightly higher than the top of the energy-dissipating and decelerating layer 1 to form a synergistic protection.

[0043] The energy-dissipating and deceleration layer 1 includes several parallel first composite anchor cables 10. In this embodiment, the multiple first composite anchor cables 10 are arranged horizontally (i.e., approximately parallel to the ground) within the vertical plane of the energy-dissipating and deceleration layer 1. It is understood that in other embodiments, they may also be arranged at an angle within the vertical plane of the energy-dissipating and deceleration layer 1, or a mixed arrangement combining horizontal and angled arrangements may be used to adapt to different usage requirements.

[0044] Each first composite anchor cable 10 comprises an anchor cable body 101 and a crash-proof layer 102 completely wrapping the anchor cable body 101. The anchor cable body 101 is preferably a rod-shaped cable made of carbon fiber composite material, which has very high tensile strength and corrosion resistance. The crash-proof layer 102 is preferably made of bamboo pieces with certain toughness and impact resistance, which is bonded with the anchor cable body 101 into an integral whole by high-strength adhesive. The bamboo piece layer not only effectively resists direct impact of large stones and consumes impact energy, but also prolongs the service life of the component in a humid environment due to its natural corrosion resistance.

[0045] The adjacent two horizontally arranged first composite anchor cables 10 are connected by a plurality of limiting ring buckles 11. These limiting ring buckles 11 are distributed along the length direction (horizontal direction) of the anchor cable. The top end of each limiting ring buckle 11 is fixedly connected with the upper first composite anchor cable 10, and the bottom end is fixedly connected with the lower first composite anchor cable 10, so as to connect a plurality of independent anchor cables into an integral mesh barrier, thereby enhancing the overall stability of the structure.

[0046] The accumulation and retention barrier 2 is arranged behind (downstream of) the energy dissipation and deceleration layer 1 and is arranged obliquely relative to the vertical direction, and the oblique angle thereof can be adjusted between 0°-60° according to the site terrain and protection requirements. This layer is mainly composed of a spider web-shaped blocking net 200. In this embodiment, the blocking net 200 can be circular spider web-shaped, triangular spider web-shaped or regular hexagonal spider web-shaped, and the blocking net 200 has excellent water permeability while ensuring the interception strength and accumulation and retention capacity, which can effectively reduce the static water pressure generated after the debris flow. The blocking net 200 is woven or connected by a plurality of second composite anchor cables 201, and the structure of the second composite anchor cable 201 is exactly the same as that of the first composite anchor cable 10, i.e., it is also composed of a carbon fiber composite material anchor cable body wrapped with a bamboo piece crash-proof layer, which will not be described here.

[0047] The two ends of the first composite anchor cable 10 and the edge nodes (net line intersection points or end heads) of the blocking net 200 are provided with bending sections and first connecting rings 3032, and the two ends of each bending section are fixedly connected. The first connecting ring 3032 on the first composite anchor cable 10 is formed by the bending section on the first composite anchor cable 10, and the first connecting ring 3032 on the blocking net 200 is formed by the bending section on the blocking net 200. All the first connecting rings 3032 of the debris flow protection structure are fixed on the base body 100 through reliable connecting structures. Each first connecting ring 3032 is anchored to the base body 100 through an independent connecting structure.

[0048] Each connection structure comprises an anchor hole 301, cement mortar 302, anchor rod 3031 and clamping mechanism 305. The anchor hole 301 is a hole drilled in advance in the base body 100 (rock mass or soil mass). The cement mortar 302 is filled in the anchor hole 301, and plays a role of bonding and force transmission.

[0049] In this embodiment, the anchor rod 3031 adopts a special composite anchor rod 3031, which comprises an anchor rod body made of metal (such as FRP anchor rod 3031) and a buffer layer wrapping the anchor rod body. The buffer layer also preferably adopts bamboo chips, which are bonded with the anchor rod body by an adhesive, and is used to buffer the interaction between the anchor rod 3031 and the surrounding mortar when the anchor rod 3031 is stressed, to protect the mortar and dissipate energy. The anchor rod 3031 is bent into an annular structure to increase the resistance to uplift. The tension-compression conversion mechanism 304 is connected between the first connection ring 3032 and the anchor rod 3031. The tension-compression conversion mechanism 304 comprises a first adapter disc 3042, an energy dissipation pipe 3041 and a second adapter disc 3043 distributed in sequence along the axis of the anchor hole 301, and the second adapter disc 3043 is closer to the opening end of the anchor hole 301 than the first adapter disc 3042. Four through holes are uniformly arranged on the first adapter disc 3042 and the second adapter disc 3043 in the circumferential direction, the first connection ring 3032 passes through two through holes on the first adapter disc 3042 and two through holes on the second adapter disc 3043, and the anchor rod 3031 passes through the other two through holes on the first adapter disc 3042 and the other two through holes on the second adapter disc 3043. When the energy dissipation deceleration layer 1 or the accumulation and blocking layer 2 is subjected to a large impact tension, the pressure is transmitted to the energy dissipation pipe 3041 through the first connection ring 3032, the anchor rod 3031, the first adapter disc 3042 and the second adapter disc 3043, so that the energy dissipation pipe 3041 is compressed and deformed, thereby dissipating a large amount of energy.

[0050] The two ends of the bent section are fixedly connected by the clamping mechanism 305 to form the first connection ring 3032; the clamping mechanism 305 comprises a pair of first and second wave-shaped clamping pieces 3051 and 3052 with wave-shaped tooth patterns, the first and second wave-shaped clamping pieces 3051 and 3052 are tightly connected by a plurality of high-strength bolts 3053, and the two ends of the bent section are fixedly clamped between the first and second wave-shaped clamping pieces 3051 and 3052, the first and second wave-shaped clamping pieces 3051 and 3052 provide a large gripping force, and the bolts 3053 are further connected with nuts 3054 and washers 3055 to ensure that the first and second wave-shaped clamping pieces 3051 and 3052 have a large enough clamping force.

[0051] In this embodiment, the material of the anchor cable body 101 is a carbon fiber composite material cable, and the anchor cable body 101 is a rod cable or a plate cable.

[0052] The working principle of the debris flow protection structure of this embodiment is as follows:

[0053] When the debris flow occurs, it first impacts the vertical energy dissipation deceleration layer 1; the large stones and high-speed solid objects in the debris flow impact the bamboo anti-collision layer 102 of the first composite anchor cable 10, and the impact energy is dissipated by the deformation of the bamboo and the elastic stretching of the carbon fiber anchor cable, and the debris flow is preliminarily decelerated; then, after the debris flow passes through the energy dissipation deceleration layer 1, it impacts the inclined accumulation and blocking layer 2; the spider web-shaped blocking net 200 effectively intercepts and retains the solid objects (trees, boulders, etc.) in the debris flow, while allowing the mud and water to drain from the net holes, significantly reducing the hydrostatic pressure on the structure; the huge impact force is transmitted to the second composite anchor cable 201 through the blocking net 200, and then to the base body 100 through the connecting structure; in this process, the impact kinetic energy is dissipated by multiple mechanisms such as the stretching of the composite anchor cable, the deformation of the anti-collision layer 102, the friction of the clamping piece, and the compression deformation of the energy dissipation pipe 3041 in the tension-compression conversion mechanism 304, thereby greatly protecting the stability and safety of the overall structure.

[0054] The specific construction process of the debris flow protection structure of the embodiment is as follows:

[0055] S10, according to historical data, determine the diameter d of the largest stone block that needs to be blocked max , the kinetic energy of the largest stone block when it first contacts the energy dissipation deceleration layer can be obtained E 动 :

[0056] E 动 =1 / 2 mv 2

[0057] wherein, m is the mass of the stone block, v is the speed of the stone block before it reaches the energy dissipation deceleration layer.

[0058] E 动 Subsequently, the energy absorbed by the anchor cable body 101 E 1 and the energy absorbed by the energy dissipation pipe 3041 E 2. Considering that the number of anchor cables affected by the impact of the stone block is limited, the reduction factor of the number n of effective anchor cable bodies 101 impacted is taken as 0.5; for safety consideration, the design value of the CFRP tensile strength is taken as 50% of the ultimate strength, i.e. from 3000 MPa to 1500 MPa, and the displacement at the time of fracture is measured by experiment to be 25 mm. According to the experimental data, the maximum energy that can be absorbed by the energy dissipation pipe 3041 on a single anchor cable body 101 is 48 kJ. The buffer layer wrapped around the anchor cable body 101 mainly plays a protective role and is not calculated for strength.

[0059] Therefore, the energy absorbed by the anchor cable body 101 in the form of a rod cable can be obtained E1:

[0060] E 1= 0.5 n ×(1500×(Π35^2 / 4)×25 / 2)= 9 n kJ

[0061] Therefore, the number of anchor cable bodies 101 in the form of plate cables that can intercept a single stone block can be obtained as E 1:

[0062] E 1= 0.5 n ×(1500×(2×100)×25 / 2)= 5.9 n kJ

[0063] E 2= 0.5 n ×48= 24 n kJ

[0064] wherein, n is the number of anchor cable bodies 101 in contact when the stone block hits.

[0065] E 动 ≤ E 1+ E 2

[0066] For the anchor cable body 101 in the form of a rod cable:

[0067] 1 / 2 mv 2 ≤9 n +24 n

[0068] For the anchor cable body 101 in the form of a plate cable:

[0069] 1 / 2 mv 2 ≤5.9 n +24 n

[0070] The number of effective anchor cable bodies 101 that can intercept a single stone block calculated according to the energy conservation relationship n , the spacing of the anchor cable bodies 101 corresponding to the cumulative mass percentage of 80% that can be intercepted can be calculated as s :

[0071] s = d 80 / n

[0072] S20, the bamboo piece for anti-collision is wrapped with the anchor cable body 101 to form a first composite anchor cable 10, the first composite anchor cable 10 is coiled and stored, and is transported to the site together with other components;

[0073] S30, select one side base body 100 to anchor the operation. Determine the setting position of each connection structure, and set each connection structure, first set the anchor hole 301, then place the anchor rod 3031 and the tension-compression conversion mechanism 304 in the anchor hole 301, and sequentially connect the anchor rod 3031, the tension-compression conversion mechanism 304 and the first connecting ring 3032, then cast the cement mortar 302 in the anchor hole 301, and then fix and connect the two ends of the corresponding curved section of the first connecting ring 3032 through the clamping mechanism 305;

[0074] S40, after the side base body is anchored and the cement mortar 302 is cured to reach the design strength, the other side of the rock-soil body is repeatedly executed S30 step to anchor the construction;

[0075] S51, in order to avoid that the first composite anchor cable 10 slides up and down after being impacted by the stone, the limiting ring buckle 11 for limiting is arranged;

[0076] S60, the structure design method of the storage and retention barrier layer 2 is the same as that of the energy dissipation and deceleration layer 1, and the design and construction of the storage and retention barrier layer 2 can be repeated by S10 to S50 steps.

[0077] Example two

[0078] As Figure 11 shown, the present embodiment provides a debris flow protection structure, and the structure of the debris flow protection structure of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of the debris flow protection structure of example one, and the difference is only that:

[0079] In the present embodiment, part of the first composite anchor cable 10 is inclined, and another part of the first composite anchor cable 10 is horizontally arranged; since part of the first composite anchor cable 10 is inclined in the present embodiment, only two first composite anchor cables 10 arranged horizontally adjacent to each other need to be provided with the limiting ring buckle 11 during construction.

[0080] Example three

[0081] As Figure 12 shown, the present embodiment provides a debris flow protection structure, and the structure of the debris flow protection structure of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of the debris flow protection structure of example one, and the difference is only that:

[0082] In the present embodiment, all the first composite anchor cables 10 are inclined; since all the first composite anchor cables 10 are inclined in the present embodiment, the limiting ring buckle 11 does not need to be arranged during construction.

[0083] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application, and the above examples are only used for helping to understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed. In conclusion, the content of the present specification should not be understood as the limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A debris flow protection structure, characterized in that: It includes a vertically arranged energy-dissipating and deceleration layer and an inclinedly arranged storage and retaining layer; The energy-dissipating deceleration layer includes a plurality of first composite anchor cables, which are horizontally or inclinedly arranged in the vertical plane where the energy-dissipating deceleration layer is located; the first composite anchor cable includes an anchor cable body and an anti-collision layer that wraps the anchor cable body. The storage and retaining layer includes a spider web-like barrier net, the material of which is a second composite anchor cable, and the structure of the second composite anchor cable is the same as that of the first composite anchor cable; The rock or soil mass where the debris flow protection structure is located is called the matrix. Both the end of the first composite anchor cable and the end of the barrier net are provided with a curved section and a first connecting ring. The two ends of each curved section are fixedly connected. The first connecting ring on the first composite anchor cable is formed by the curved section on the first composite anchor cable, and the first connecting ring on the barrier net is formed by the curved section on the barrier net. Each first connecting ring is fixedly connected to the matrix through a connecting structure, and the first connecting ring corresponds one-to-one with the connecting structure. Each of the connection structures includes an anchor hole, an anchor rod, and a tension-compression conversion mechanism; the anchor hole is filled with cement mortar, and the anchor rod and the tension-compression conversion mechanism are both fixed in the cement mortar within the anchor hole; the anchor rod is ring-shaped and is connected to the first connecting ring corresponding to the connection structure through the tension-compression conversion mechanism; The tension-compression conversion mechanism includes a first adapter plate, an energy-consuming pipe, and a second adapter plate that are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the anchor hole, and the second adapter plate is closer to the opening end of the anchor hole than the first adapter plate. Both the first adapter plate and the second adapter plate are provided with four through holes. The first connecting ring passes through two of the through holes on the first adapter plate and two of the through holes on the second adapter plate. The anchor rod passes through the other two through holes on the first adapter plate and the other two through holes on the second adapter plate.

2. The debris flow protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the curved section are fixedly connected by a clamping mechanism; the clamping mechanism includes a first wave clamp and a second wave clamp, which are fixedly connected by multiple bolts; both ends of the curved section are fixedly clamped between the first wave clamp and the second wave clamp.

3. The debris flow protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-consuming tube is made of FRP pipe.

4. The debris flow protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the perforations on the first adapter plate are evenly distributed circumferentially, and all the perforations on the second adapter plate are evenly distributed circumferentially.

5. The debris flow protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor bolt includes an anchor bolt body and a buffer layer that wraps around the anchor bolt body.

6. The debris flow protection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The buffer layer is made of bamboo strips and is bonded to the anchor rod body.

7. The debris flow protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: All of the first composite anchor cables are horizontally spaced, or all of the first composite anchor cables are inclined, or some of the first composite anchor cables are inclined and the other part of the first composite anchor cables are horizontally spaced; The two adjacent first composite anchor cables, which are both horizontally arranged, are connected by a number of limiting rings that are spaced apart in the horizontal direction. Each limiting ring is fixedly connected to one first composite anchor cable at its top and to another first composite anchor cable at its bottom.

8. The debris flow protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrier net is in the shape of a circular spider web, a triangular spider web, or a regular hexagonal spider web. The top of the stagnation barrier layer is level with or higher than the top of the energy dissipation and deceleration layer.

9. The debris flow protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact-resistant layer is made of bamboo strips and is bonded to the anchor cable body; the anchor cable body is made of carbon fiber composite cable and is a rod cable or a plate cable.

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