Long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder sheet mechanism and unfolding method

Abstract

According to the long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder sheet mechanism and the unfolding method, the design of the transverse folding and unfolding rudder sheet mechanism is provided, transverse initial stable locking of a rudder sheet is achieved through a front linear section of a cam, unfolding of the rudder sheet is achieved through an actuator cylinder, a push rod, a cam curve and the rudder sheet, and locking of the tail position of the rudder sheet is achieved through a rear linear section of the cam after the rudder sheet is in place; the long-term storage reliability is guaranteed by taking gunpowder as driving energy, and the flight process is stable and reliable by the mechanism. The structure is simple and reliable, and implementation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a lateral folding and unfolding rudder mechanism and unfolding method for long-term storage, belonging to the field of aircraft structural improvement design. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of aircraft technology, the adaptability requirements of launch methods and launch vehicles have increased. The stealth requirements of modern fighter jets have made internal embedding of the fins one of the basic requirements for airborne aircraft. At the same time, in order to adapt to land-based launch platforms such as launch canisters and launch tubes, folding control blades have become a basic requirement for aircraft. Currently, the folding control blades of canister and tube launch systems are usually limited by the canister or tube wall. After exiting the tube, they unfold under the action of a spring and are locked by a locking pin. Airborne aircraft usually use a puller or similar device as the initial locking method. After the puller releases the lock, the control blades unfold and lock again driven by a spring, which is more expensive. During tube and canister launches, the control blades are constantly rubbing against the canister or tube wall during the movement, which can easily cause wear or even jamming of the control blades, leading to mission failure. Airborne aircraft have a large aerodynamic force acting on the control surface during launch, which may result in the control blades not fully unfolding and unable to lock reliably. At the same time, long-term storage can cause the spring performance to degrade, resulting in insufficient reliability of the unfolding function, affecting the performance of the aircraft and even determining the success or failure of the launch. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by this invention is: in the current technology, the existing solutions have low initial locking stability and the deployment process and time are greatly affected by the spring processing technology and process load resistance, as well as the product performance and reliability degrade after long-term storage. The invention proposes a transverse folding and deployment rudder mechanism and deployment method for long-term storage.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problem through the following technical solution:

[0005] A long-term storage, laterally folding and unfolding rudder mechanism includes a rotating rudder, a rudder base, a rudder shaft, a cam pin, a push rod, a rotating shaft, an actuating cylinder housing, a combustion chamber, and a shear pin, wherein:

[0006] In the folded state, the rotary rudder is inserted into the rudder base, and the rotary rudder is fixedly connected to the aircraft through the rudder base and the servo shaft connected to the bottom of the rudder base; the rotary shaft is installed at the head position inside the actuator housing, the push rod is installed at the middle position inside the actuator housing, and the combustion chamber is installed at the tail position inside the actuator housing. A rotary rudder surface is provided between the push rod and the rotary shaft for the movable displacement of the cam pin shaft inside the actuator housing; the cam pin shaft is located at the head position of the push rod and moves along the rotary rudder surface according to the push rod action. The rotary rudder is unfolded or folded by the change in the position of the cam pin shaft; a shear pin for axial locking and limiting the push rod is screwed onto the rear end face of the push rod and the contact position of the combustion chamber.

[0007] The shear pin is installed in the folded state, with the combustion chamber and the rear end face of the push rod forming a sealed expansion space on the inner wall of the actuating cylinder. A rotating mounting groove is provided in the sealed expansion space, and the shear pin is screwed into the sealed expansion space along the rotating mounting groove to limit the actuation distance of the push rod.

[0008] The push rod has a square structure, and a square groove is provided on the inner wall of the head position of the actuating cylinder to restrict the rotational movement of the push rod. When the folded state is changed to the unfolded state, the push rod moves forward and cuts the shear pin through the square structure to release the axial degree of freedom.

[0009] The actuating cylinder housing is assembled after the rotating shaft, the actuating cylinder housing, and the combustion chamber are installed. After assembly, the actuating cylinder housing and the rudder base are fixedly connected by a keyway. The rotating rudder is rotated to one side along the rotating shaft at a preset locking angle. The surface flatness of the rotating rudder is set to meet the rotation flexibility of the rotating rudder.

[0010] The slewing rudder surface is provided with a cam curve groove, which is set into a rolling trapezoidal shape formed by the rotation of the slewing track groove. The cam pin rotates in the cam curve groove to realize the movement displacement of the push rod head. The slewing rudder blade is unfolded or folded by the change of the position of the cam pin.

[0011] The cam groove has a trapezoidal shape comprising a front straight segment, a curved segment, and a rear straight segment, wherein:

[0012] After the push rod is activated, it moves forward, pushing the cam pin on the push rod head through points A and B of the front straight section. When the push rod head continues to move forward into the curved section and reaches point C where the curved section contacts the rear straight section, the push rod is restricted in its rotational freedom by the actuating cylinder and stops moving.

[0013] When the push rod head reaches position C, the push rod's rotational freedom is restricted by the actuating cylinder. As the push rod head continues to advance in the subsequent straight section, the rotary rudder blade rotates under the action of the cam pin to achieve the unfolding of the rotary rudder blade relative to the rudder blade base.

[0014] The combustion chamber is equipped with a gunpowder charge. When the servo shaft receives an external command to change from the folded state to the unfolded state, the gunpowder charge is ignited and expands in the sealed expansion space to push the push rod forward. When the push rod moves forward, it cuts the shear pin to release the axial degree of freedom, so as to ensure that the push rod drives the cam pin shaft set at the head to move forward in the cam curve groove.

[0015] An unfolding method based on a lateral folding unfolding rudder mechanism includes:

[0016] In the folded state, the rotating shaft, push rod and combustion chamber inside the actuator housing are relatively stably assembled, and the servo shaft triggers the charge in the combustion chamber and ignites it according to the external control signal;

[0017] The gunpowder gas expands in the sealed expansion space. The push rod is pushed by the expanding gas to cut the shear pin and release the axial degree of freedom of the push rod. The cam pin moves forward along the cam curve groove set on the rotary rudder surface.

[0018] The push rod moves forward and drives the cam pin to pass through the front straight section and the curved section of the rotary rudder cam groove to reach the rear straight section.

[0019] With the actuating cylinder housing restricting the degree of rotational freedom, the push rod drives the rotary rudder to rotate under the action of the cam pin, thereby completing the deployment of the rotary rudder.

[0020] When the rudder is deployed, the cam pin is fixed on the rear straight section of the cam curve groove. The cam pin is locked in place by the rear straight section to maintain the deployed state of the rudder.

[0021] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0022] (1) The present invention provides a long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder plate mechanism and unfolding method, which uses the front straight section of the cam to achieve initial locking, ensuring stability and reliability before storage, transportation and launch, and uses gunpowder gas as driving energy. The gunpowder has high long-term storage stability, which meets the requirements of long-term storage of aircraft. Driven by gunpowder gas, its expansion time is short, which can complete the unfolding action in a short time, allowing the control system to intervene in the system earlier, reducing the uncontrolled period and improving system safety. It can simultaneously meet the initial stable folding and locking, and can also meet the requirement of completing the rudder plate unfolding under the action of aerodynamic drag, adapting to the storage reliability requirements of more than ten years, while ensuring reliable locking of the last position of the rudder plate.

[0023] (2) The present invention uses a cam curve to push the rudder blade to unfold, which is a forced displacement transmission. Compared with flexible transmission such as springs, it has higher reliability and better overcomes the unfolding resistance. The unfolding is effective. At the same time, the rear straight section is used to complete the rudder blade end position locking, which is reliable and stable. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the folded state of the rudder blades provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the rudder blades deployed in place, provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cam curve provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4A schematic diagram of a gas-operated actuator provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] A mechanism and method for the long-term storage of laterally folding and deployable control blades are proposed. The mechanism design achieves initial lateral stability locking of the control blades via the forward linear segment of a cam. The control blades are deployed via an actuator-push rod-cam curve-control blade deployment. Upon reaching the desired position, the control blades are locked in place by the rear linear segment of the cam. Explosive propellant is used as the driving energy source to ensure reliable long-term storage. This mechanism guarantees stable and reliable operation during flight. Its structure is simple, reliable, and easy to implement.

[0029] The structural design of the laterally folding and unfolding rudder mechanism for long-term storage is as follows:

[0030] Includes a slewing rudder, rudder base, servo shaft, cam pin, pushrod, slewing shaft, actuator housing, combustion chamber, and shear pin, wherein:

[0031] In the folded state, the rotary rudder is inserted into the rudder base, and the rotary rudder is fixedly connected to the aircraft through the rudder base and the servo shaft connected to the bottom of the rudder base; the rotary shaft is installed at the head position inside the actuator housing, the push rod is installed at the middle position inside the actuator housing, and the combustion chamber is installed at the tail position inside the actuator housing. A rotary rudder surface is provided between the push rod and the rotary shaft for the movable displacement of the cam pin shaft inside the actuator housing; the cam pin shaft is located at the head position of the push rod and moves along the rotary rudder surface according to the push rod action. The rotary rudder is unfolded or folded by the change in the position of the cam pin shaft; a shear pin for axial locking and limiting the push rod is screwed onto the rear end face of the push rod and the contact position of the combustion chamber.

[0032] When the shear pin is installed in the folded state, the combustion chamber and the rear end face of the push rod form a sealed expansion space on the inner wall of the actuating cylinder shell. A rotating mounting groove is provided in the sealed expansion space. The shear pin is screwed into the sealed expansion space along the rotating mounting groove to limit the actuation distance of the push rod.

[0033] The push rod has a square structure, and a square groove is provided on the inner wall of the head position of the actuating cylinder to restrict the rotational movement of the push rod. When the push rod changes from the folded state to the unfolded state, it moves forward and cuts the shear pin through the square structure to release the axial degree of freedom.

[0034] After the actuating cylinder housing, the rotating shaft, and the combustion chamber are installed, the actuating cylinder housing and the rudder base are fixedly connected by a keyway. The rotating rudder is rotated to one side along the rotating shaft at a preset locking angle. The surface flatness of the rotating rudder is set to meet the rotation flexibility of the rotating rudder.

[0035] The slewing rudder surface is provided with a cam curve groove, which is set into a rolling trapezoidal shape formed by the rotation of the slewing track groove. The cam pin rotates in the cam curve groove to realize the movement displacement of the push rod head. The slewing rudder blade is unfolded or folded by the change of the position of the cam pin.

[0036] The trapezoidal shape of the cam groove includes a front straight section, a curved section, and a rear straight section, wherein:

[0037] After the push rod is activated, it moves forward, pushing the cam pin on the push rod head through points A and B of the front straight section. When the push rod head continues to move forward into the curved section and reaches point C where the curved section contacts the rear straight section, the push rod is restricted in its rotational freedom by the actuating cylinder and stops moving.

[0038] When the push rod head reaches position C, the push rod's rotational freedom is restricted by the actuating cylinder. As the push rod head continues to advance in the subsequent straight section, the rotary rudder blade rotates under the action of the cam pin to achieve the deployment of the rotary rudder blade relative to the rudder blade base.

[0039] The combustion chamber is equipped with a propellant charge. When the servo shaft receives an external command to change from the folded state to the unfolded state, the propellant charge is ignited and expands in the sealed expansion space to push the push rod forward. When the push rod moves forward, it cuts the shear pin to release the axial degree of freedom, so as to ensure that the push rod drives the cam pin shaft set at the head to move forward in the cam curve groove.

[0040] The deployment method achieved by the lateral folding and unfolding rudder mechanism includes the following specific steps:

[0041] In the folded state, the rotating shaft, push rod and combustion chamber inside the actuator housing are relatively stably assembled, and the servo shaft triggers the charge in the combustion chamber and ignites it according to the external control signal;

[0042] The gunpowder gas expands in the sealed expansion space. The push rod is pushed by the expanding gas to cut the shear pin and release the axial degree of freedom of the push rod. The cam pin moves forward along the cam curve groove set on the rotary rudder surface.

[0043] The push rod moves forward and drives the cam pin to pass through the front straight section and the curved section of the rotary rudder cam groove to reach the rear straight section.

[0044] With the actuating cylinder housing restricting the degree of rotational freedom, the push rod drives the rotary rudder to rotate under the action of the cam pin, thereby completing the deployment of the rotary rudder.

[0045] When the rudder is deployed, the cam pin is fixed on the rear straight section of the cam curve groove. The cam pin is locked in place by the rear straight section to maintain the deployed state of the rudder.

[0046] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, provides further details:

[0047] In the current embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the horizontally folding and unfolding rudder mechanism of the present invention, which can be stored for a long time, mainly includes a rotating rudder 1, a rudder base 2, a rudder shaft 3, a cam pin 4, a push rod 5, a rotating shaft 6, an actuating cylinder 7, a combustion chamber (containing gunpowder) 8, and a shearing pin 9.

[0048] The installation method is as follows: Align the rotary rudder 1 with the rudder base 2, install the rotary shaft 6 and the actuator housing 7, install the push rod 5 into the actuator housing 7, and install the combustion chamber 8 into the actuator housing 7. At this time, the combustion chamber 8, the actuator housing 7, and the rear end face of the push rod 5 form a sealed expansion space. Screw in the shear pin 9 to complete the actuator assembly. The push rod 5 is square and its rotational movement is restricted by the square groove at the head of the actuator housing. The shear pin 9 completes the initial axial locking of the push rod 5. At this time, it is necessary to ensure that the rotary rudder surface 1 rotates flexibly and that the actuator housing 7 and the rudder base 2 are fixedly connected (the fixing method can be a conventional method such as a keyway). Rotate the rotary rudder 1 along one side of the rotary axis to design a locking angle (90° is selected in this article for convenience). Pass the cam pin 4 through the cam curve groove of the rotary rudder surface 4. Figure 3 Insert the push rod 5 into the mounting hole at the head and fix it in place. The folding rudder system is now installed as an independent component on the servo shaft 3.

[0049] The movement of this mechanism is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the instruction manual:

[0050] The initial state of the laterally folded rudder is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the rudder is in a folded state at this time, and the cam pin 4 is located on the front straight section of the cam curve. Figure 3 (AB section) When the system task requires the folding rudder to unfold, the gunpowder in combustion chamber 8 is ignited upon the triggering of the signal, generating gunpowder gas;

[0051] As the propellant gases expand in a confined space, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the push rod 5 is pushed forward. When the push rod 5 moves forward, it first cuts the shear pin 9 to release the axial degree of freedom. When the push rod 5 continues to move forward, the cam pin 4 passes through the front straight section and the curved section of the cam curve groove on the rotary rudder 1 and reaches the rear straight section. Figure 3 Points A, B, C, and D), such as Figure 3 As shown, in the curve segment ( Figure 3 (Band BC) Because the push rod is restricted in its rotational freedom by the actuator housing 7, the slewing blade 1 can only rotate under the action of the cam pin to complete the unfolding of the folding blade.

[0052] The current state is that the rudder is deployed, as shown below. Figure 2As shown, at this time, the cam pin 4 is in the latter straight section of the cam curve ( Figure 3 (CD segment), completing the positioning and locking. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0053] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder mechanism, characterized in that: it comprises a rotating rudder, a rudder base, a rudder shaft, a cam pin shaft, a push rod, a rotating shaft, an actuator cylinder shell, a combustion chamber and a shear pin, wherein: in the folded state, the rotating rudder is inserted into the rudder base, and the rotating rudder is fixedly connected to the aircraft through the rudder base, the rudder shaft connected to the bottom end of the rudder base; the rotating shaft is installed at the head position in the actuator cylinder shell, the push rod is installed at the middle position in the actuator cylinder shell, and the combustion chamber is installed at the tail position in the actuator cylinder shell; a rotating rudder surface is provided between the push rod and the rotating shaft for the active displacement of the cam pin shaft in the actuator cylinder shell; the cam pin shaft is arranged at the head position of the push rod and moves along the rotating rudder surface according to the action of the push rod, and the rotating rudder is unfolded or folded by changing the position of the cam pin shaft; the shear pin for axially locking and limiting the push rod is screwed at the rear end surface of the push rod and the contact position of the combustion chamber.

2. The long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the installation position of the shear pin is in the folded state, and the combustion chamber and the rear end surface of the push rod form a closed expansion space in the inner wall of the actuator cylinder shell; a rotating installation groove is provided in the closed expansion space, and the shear pin is screwed into the closed expansion space along the rotating installation groove to limit the actuation distance of the push rod.

3. The long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the push rod is of a square structure, and the inner wall of the head position of the actuator cylinder shell is provided with a square groove for limiting the rotating movement of the push rod; when the folded state changes to the unfolded state, the push rod moves forward and shears the shear pin through the square structure to release the axial freedom degree.

4. The long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: the actuator cylinder shell is assembled after the rotating shaft, the actuator cylinder shell and the combustion chamber are installed; after assembly, the actuator cylinder shell and the rudder base are fixedly connected by key groove setting, the rotating rudder is rotated to one side by a preset locking angle along the rotating shaft, and the surface flatness of the rotating rudder is set to meet the rotating flexibility of the rotating rudder.

5. The long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: a cam curve groove is provided on the rotating rudder surface, the cam curve groove is set to have a rolling ladder shape composed of a rotating channel, the cam pin shaft moves by rotating in the cam curve groove to realize the action displacement of the head of the push rod, and the rotating rudder is unfolded or folded by changing the position of the cam pin shaft.

6. The long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: the rolling ladder shape of the cam curve groove comprises a front straight line segment, a curve segment and a rear straight line segment, wherein: after the action of the push rod, the push rod moves forward, and the cam pin shaft arranged at the head of the push rod passes through two points A and B of the front straight line segment; when the head of the push rod continues to move forward into the curve segment and reaches a C point position where the curve segment contacts the rear straight line segment, the push rod is limited in the rotating freedom degree by the actuator cylinder shell and stops moving.

7. The long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding rudder mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the push rod head reaches the C point, the push rod is limited in rotation by the actuator shell, and the rotation vane rotates under the action of the cam pin shaft to achieve the unfolding of the rotation vane relative to the vane base during the forward movement of the push rod head on the rear straight line segment.

8. The long-term storage transverse folding and unfolding vane mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The combustion chamber is provided with a propellant charge, and when the rudder shaft receives an external command to change from the folded state to the unfolded state, the propellant charge is ignited and expands in the closed expansion space to push the push rod forward, and the push rod cuts the shear pin to release the axial freedom degree when moving forward to ensure the forward movement of the cam pin shaft provided on the push rod head in the cam curve slot.

9. A method of deploying a fin according to claim 7, wherein Including: In the folded state, the rotation shaft, the push rod and the combustion chamber are relatively stable in the actuator shell, and the rudder shaft triggers the charge in the combustion chamber and ignites according to the external control signal; The propellant gas expands in the closed expansion space, and the push rod is pushed to cut the shear pin to release the axial freedom degree of the push rod, and the cam pin shaft moves forward along the cam curve slot provided on the rotation vane; The push rod moves forward and drives the cam pin shaft to pass through the front straight line segment, the curved segment and the rear straight line segment of the cam curve slot of the rotation vane in sequence; The push rod drives the rotation vane to rotate under the action of the cam pin shaft to complete the unfolding of the rotation vane while being limited in rotation by the actuator shell.

10. The unfolding method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the unfolded state of the vane, the cam pin shaft is fixed on the rear straight line segment of the cam curve slot, and the cam pin shaft is locked in place through the rear straight line segment to maintain the unfolded state of the rotation vane.

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