Simulation device for hemodialysis training

Abstract

The invention provides a simulation device for hemodialysis training, and relates to the technical field of training instruments. The simulation device for hemodialysis training comprises a rack, the top of the rack is fixedly connected with a fixing frame, one side of the outer surface of the fixing frame is fixedly connected with a blood simulation storage barrel, one side of the blood simulation storage barrel is provided with an artery pot, and the artery pot is fixedly connected with the fixing frame; a pumping assembly is installed between the blood simulation storage barrel and the artery pot. By arranging the blood coagulation simulation system composed of the quantitative injection assembly, the static mixer and the vibration type viscosity sensor, the physical characteristic that the liquid viscosity is gradually increased in the blood coagulation process can be safely and accurately simulated, and therefore the real pathophysiological changes that the venous pressure is slowly increased and the arterial pressure is reduced are reproduced in training. The design solves the problem that an existing training mode cannot provide a core pain point of dynamic and vivid complication simulation under the risk-free condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of training equipment technology, specifically a simulation device for hemodialysis training. Background Technology

[0002] Hemodialysis is a crucial treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the dialysis process is accompanied by several potential risks, among which dialyzer and tubing clotting is one of the most common complications. Severe clotting not only leads to treatment interruption and blood loss, increasing the patient's financial burden, but may also trigger medical disputes. Therefore, training hemodialysis nurses in recognizing and managing clotting complications is essential.

[0003] Currently, hemodialysis training mainly adopts the following methods: 1. Theoretical Instruction and Hands-on Practice: Traditional training relies on classroom lectures and clinical practice under the guidance of experienced nurses. However, emergencies such as coagulation disorders are sudden and unpredictable, making it difficult for trainees to gain experience in handling real patients. This approach is extremely risky and does not allow for proactive, repetitive, and intensive training.

[0004] 2. Static Physical Models: These models use simple molds and tubing for practice, allowing students to practice basic procedures such as punctures and tubing installation. However, these models cannot fully simulate the dynamic physiological changes in blood flow, pressure, and clotting processes, thus limiting their teaching effectiveness.

[0005] 3. Electronic simulation-based training devices: Some existing advanced simulation devices alert to complications by simulating parameter changes (such as a sudden increase in pressure values ​​on the screen) on a software interface. However, this method has a fatal flaw: Lack of physical authenticity: Trainees operate normal physical pipelines, but see abnormal screen data. This sensory disconnect results in poor training immersion and makes it impossible to establish muscle memory and conditioned reflexes between operation and physiological changes.

[0006] Unable to perform realistic procedures: When the screen displays "clotting," trainees are unable to actually perform crucial operations such as "blood return" to observe the effectiveness of the treatment, because the actual piping system remains unchanged. The training becomes mere "theoretical discussion."

[0007] Poor interactivity: The training effectiveness relies heavily on the instructor's subjective guidance and lacks an objective and quantitative evaluation system for the trainees' operational processes (such as investigation steps and handling order).

[0008] 4. Existing Dynamic Simulation Devices: A very small number of devices attempt to simulate tubing blockage, such as by mechanically clamping the tubing to simulate pressure changes. However, this method is instantaneous, crude, and unrealistic. Real coagulation is a gradual, dynamic process; pressure rises slowly, accompanied by subtle signs such as darkening of blood color and increased foaming on the surface. Simple clamping cannot simulate this crucial characteristic, and trainees cannot learn the ability to anticipate and intervene in the early stages of coagulation by observing these signs.

[0009] To address this, we have developed a new simulation device for hemodialysis training. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a simulation device for hemodialysis training. It solves the problem that existing technologies cannot realistically and progressively simulate the dynamic physical processes of coagulation (such as changes in blood viscosity and pressure) under the premise of absolute safety, resulting in a serious disconnect between training and actual practice, making it difficult for trainees to develop effective muscle memory and emergency response capabilities.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a simulation device for hemodialysis training, comprising a frame, a fixed frame fixedly connected to the top of the frame, a blood simulation storage tank fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the fixed frame, an arterial chamber provided on one side of the blood simulation storage tank, and the arterial chamber fixedly connected to the fixed frame, and a pumping component installed between the blood simulation storage tank and the arterial chamber. The outlet of the arterial chamber is fixedly connected to a fixed tube, the outlet of the fixed tube is fixedly connected to a static mixer, the outlet of the static mixer is fixedly connected to a pre-pressure measuring tube, the outlet of the pre-pressure measuring tube is fixedly connected to a dialyzer, and the dialyzer is fixedly connected to a fixation frame. The bottom of the dialyzer is fixedly connected to a rear pressure measuring tube, the bottom of the rear pressure measuring tube is fixedly connected to a venous chamber, and the venous chamber is fixedly connected to a fixation frame. The outlet of the vein pot is fixedly connected to a first three-way solenoid valve. One of the ports of the first three-way solenoid valve is fixedly connected to a waste discharge pipe. The remaining port of the first three-way solenoid valve is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe. The outlet of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to a vein simulation bucket, and the vein simulation bucket is fixedly connected to the fixing frame. A reflux assembly is installed between the vein simulation tank and the blood simulation storage tank. A thickener storage tank is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the fixed frame, and a metering injection assembly is installed between the thickener storage tank and the static mixer.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the blood simulation storage tank is fixedly connected to a two-way solenoid valve and a first pressure sensor.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the dual-way solenoid valve is used to automatically maintain the air pressure balance inside the liquid storage tank to ensure stable liquid delivery; the first pressure sensor is used to monitor and provide feedback on the initial pressure at the access end of the simulated human blood vessel in real time.

[0014] Preferably, the pumping assembly includes a hose, which is fixedly connected to the blood simulation storage tank and the arterial chamber. The outer surface of the hose is fitted with a matching peristaltic pump, which is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket.

[0015] The above technical solution uses a peristaltic pump to squeeze the tubing to push the liquid, which can most realistically simulate the working principle of a blood pump.

[0016] Preferably, the static mixer includes a cylinder, which is fixedly connected to a fixed pipe and a fixed frame. Two mounting plates are fixedly connected to the inner top of the cylinder, and a stirrer is fixedly connected between the two mounting plates. A vibration viscosity sensor is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder at the outlet.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the stirrer can ensure that the thickener and simulated blood are quickly and evenly mixed in the cylinder to simulate the blood clotting process.

[0018] Preferably, the front pressure measuring tube includes an arterial tube, and both ends of the arterial tube are fixedly connected to the cylinder and the dialyzer, respectively, and a second pressure sensor is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the arterial tube.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the second pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of blood flow after passing through the mixer and before entering the dialyzer.

[0020] Preferably, the post-pressure measuring tube includes a venous tube, and both ends of the venous tube are fixedly connected to the dialyzer and the venous chamber, respectively, and a third pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the venous tube.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the third pressure sensor directly monitors the pressure at the venous end after the dialyzer flows out.

[0022] Preferably, the reflux assembly includes a reflux tube, one end of which is fixedly connected to a vein simulation tank, and the other end of the reflux tube is fixedly connected to a gear pump, which is fixedly connected to a mounting frame. A short pipe is fixedly attached to the top of the gear pump, and the short pipe is fixedly connected to a blood simulation storage tank.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the gear pump provides the power to transport fluid from the venous end back to the arterial end, and together with the main peristaltic pump, it forms a complete closed loop.

[0024] Preferably, the top opening of the thickener storage container is threaded with a lid.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, the threaded cap achieves a reliable seal for the thickener storage container.

[0026] Preferably, the quantitative injection assembly includes an electric push rod, which is fixedly connected to a thickener storage tank. A piston body is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electric push rod. A piston cylinder is slidably fitted onto the outer surface of the piston body and is fixedly connected to the thickener storage tank. A second three-way solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder. The remaining two ports of the second three-way solenoid valve are fixedly connected to the thickener storage tank and the cylinder body, respectively.

[0027] Through the above technical solution, the structure of the electric push rod driving the piston can achieve extremely high precision in quantitative extraction and injection. By controlling the push rod stroke through the program, the injection volume of the simulated agent can be precisely controlled, thereby realizing the graded simulation of coagulation of different severity levels.

[0028] Preferably, an industrial control all-in-one computer is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the mounting bracket, and a remote control is mounted on the top of the industrial control all-in-one computer. The industrial control all-in-one computer and the remote control are connected via Bluetooth.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, the industrial control all-in-one computer serves as the central control core, uniformly processing sensor data and controlling all actuators; the instructor can trigger complications remotely and covertly via Bluetooth remote control, avoiding trainees' awareness of the operation intentions, greatly enhancing the suddenness and authenticity of the training, and improving the assessment effect.

[0030] This invention provides a simulation device for hemodialysis training. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This hemodialysis training simulation device, through a coagulation simulation system consisting of a quantitative injection component, a static mixer, and a vibrating viscosity sensor, can safely and accurately simulate the physical characteristics of the gradual increase in liquid viscosity during blood coagulation. This allows for the reproduction of the realistic pathophysiological changes of a slow rise in venous pressure and a drop in arterial pressure during training. This design addresses the core pain point of existing training methods, which cannot provide dynamic and realistic simulations of complications under risk-free conditions. It enables trainees to repeatedly practice high-risk emergency response, greatly improving the safety and effectiveness of the training.

[0031] 2. This hemodialysis training simulation device employs a closed-loop circulation system comprising a simulated blood storage tank, a peristaltic pump, an arteriovenous chamber, a simulated dialyzer, and a reflux assembly. It integrates multiple pressure sensors, not only highly replicating the complete structure and operating procedure of a real hemodialysis circuit but also monitoring and providing real-time feedback on changes in key pressure parameters within the circulation system. This design overcomes the deficiency of electronic simulation training devices in lacking physical operational feedback, providing trainees with a highly realistic operating environment covering the entire process from tubing installation and pre-priming to parameter settings, achieving dual training of theoretical knowledge and muscle memory. 3. This hemodialysis training simulation device, through the wireless linkage between the industrial control all-in-one computer and the remote control, enables the instructor to remotely and covertly control the timing and level of complication triggers, and can record and evaluate the trainee's operational responses. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second perspective structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dialyzer installation structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the blood simulation storage cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the injection component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the cylindrical body of the present invention.

[0033] The components include: 1. Frame; 2. Vein simulation tank; 3. Vein pot; 4. Dialyzer; 5. Fixing frame; 6. Electric actuator; 7. Thickener storage tank; 8. Peristaltic pump; 9. Blood simulation storage tank; 10. Gear pump; 11. Industrial control all-in-one computer; 12. Vibration viscosity sensor; 13. Hoses; 14. Short tubes; 15. Return tubes; 16. Connecting tubes; 17. First three-way solenoid valve; 18. Waste discharge tube; 19. Arterial tube; 20. Cylinder; 21. Piston cylinder; 22. Fixing tube; 23. Arterial pot; 24. Remote control; 25. Lid; 26. Two-way solenoid valve; 27. Second pressure sensor; 28. Third pressure sensor; 29. ​​Vein tube; 30. First pressure sensor; 31. Second three-way solenoid valve; 32. Piston body; 33. Mounting plate; 34. Stirrer. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a simulation device for hemodialysis training, including a frame 1. A fixed frame 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the frame 1, serving as the basic load-bearing and installation platform for the entire device. It is typically assembled from aluminum profiles. A blood simulation storage tank 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the fixed frame 5. This is a transparent container used to store simulated blood (usually a red liquid with a certain viscosity), representing the patient's blood volume. A double-pass solenoid valve 26 and a first pressure sensor 30 are fixedly connected to the top of the blood simulation storage tank 9. An arterial drip chamber 23 is provided on one side of the blood simulation storage tank 9, and the arterial drip chamber 23 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 5. A pumping assembly is installed between the blood simulation storage tank 9 and the arterial drip chamber 23. The pumping assembly includes a hose 13, and the hose 13 is fixedly connected to the blood simulation storage tank 9 and the arterial drip chamber 23. A peristaltic pump 8 is fitted to the outer surface of the hose 13 and is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 5. The arterial drip chamber 23 simulates the arterial drip chamber in a real dialysis circuit. Its functions include: buffering the pulse flow generated by the peristaltic pump 8 to make the blood flow smoother; providing a visual bubble trap where trainees can perform air venting operations; and the pressure monitoring port on its top is a key location for measuring "arterial pressure".

[0036] A fixed pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the outlet of the arterial vessel 23. A static mixer is fixedly connected to the outlet of the fixed pipe 22. The static mixer includes a cylinder 20, which is fixedly connected to the fixed pipe 22 and fixedly connected to the fixed frame 5. Two mounting plates 33 are fixedly connected to the inner top of the cylinder 20. A stirrer 34 is fixedly connected between the two mounting plates 33. A vibration viscosity sensor 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder 20 at the outlet. The cylinder 20 is the main shell of the static mixer and is a sealed chamber that provides reaction space for the mixing of thickener and simulated blood.

[0037] A pre-pressure measuring tube is fixedly connected to the outlet of the static mixer. A dialyzer 4 is fixedly connected to the outlet of the pre-pressure measuring tube. The pre-pressure measuring tube includes an arterial tube 19, and both ends of the arterial tube 19 are fixedly connected to the cylinder 20 and the dialyzer 4, respectively. A second pressure sensor 27 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the arterial tube 19. The dialyzer 4 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 5. A rear pressure measuring tube is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dialyzer 4. A venous reservoir 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rear pressure measuring tube. The venous reservoir 3 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 5. The rear pressure measuring tube includes a venous tube 29, and both ends of the venous tube 29 are fixedly connected to the dialyzer 4 and the venous reservoir 3, respectively. A third pressure sensor 28 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the venous tube 29. The dialyzer 4 is completely identical to a real dialyzer in appearance, size and interface, but has no functional membrane bundle inside. The venous reservoir 3 simulates the venous drip chamber in a real circuit and is the last container in extracorporeal circulation.

[0038] The outlet of the vein pot 3 is fixedly connected to a first three-way solenoid valve 17. One of the interfaces of the first three-way solenoid valve 17 is fixedly connected to a waste discharge pipe 18. The remaining interface of the first three-way solenoid valve 17 is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 16. The outlet of the connecting pipe 16 is fixedly connected to a vein simulation tank 2, and the vein simulation tank 2 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 5.

[0039] A reflux assembly is installed between the vein simulation tank 2 and the blood simulation storage tank 9. The reflux assembly includes a reflux pipe 15, one end of which is fixedly connected to the vein simulation tank 2, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a gear pump 10. The gear pump 10 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 5. A short pipe 14 is fixedly attached to the top of the gear pump 10, and the short pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the blood simulation storage tank 9. The gear pump 10 serves as an auxiliary power source, and its function is to pump the liquid in the vein simulation tank 2 back to the blood simulation storage tank 9, thereby completing a closed loop.

[0040] A thickener storage tank 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the fixed frame 5. A metering injection assembly is installed between the thickener storage tank 7 and the static mixer. A cap 25 is threaded onto the top opening of the thickener storage tank 7. The metering injection assembly includes an electric push rod 6, which is fixedly connected to the thickener storage tank 7. A piston body 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electric push rod 6. A piston cylinder 21 is slidably fitted onto the outer surface of the piston body 32, and the piston cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the thickener storage tank 7. A second three-way solenoid valve 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder 21. The remaining two ports of the second three-way solenoid valve 31 are fixedly connected to the thickener storage tank 7 and the cylinder 20, respectively. The thickener storage tank 7 is used to store a colorless and transparent thickener solution (such as a sodium hyaluronate solution of a specific concentration).

[0041] An industrial control all-in-one computer 11 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the mounting bracket 5. The top of the industrial control all-in-one computer 11 has a remote control 24. The industrial control all-in-one computer 11 and the remote control 24 are connected via Bluetooth. The industrial control all-in-one computer 11 is electrically connected to the vein pot 3, electric push rod 6, peristaltic pump 8, gear pump 10, vibration viscosity sensor 12, first three-way solenoid valve 17, arterial pot 23, double-way solenoid valve 26, second pressure sensor 27, third pressure sensor 28, first pressure sensor 30, and second three-way solenoid valve 31, which is conducive to controlling the overall operation.

[0042] 1. Establishing a cycle and simulating the dialysis process: Simulated blood (a substitute liquid) is stored in a simulated blood storage tank 9. After the device is started, the peristaltic pump 8 operates as a simulated blood pump, pumping the simulated blood into the arterial reservoir 23 through the tubing 13. The arterial reservoir 23 is used to buffer the pulsating flow and capture air bubbles, and the pressure port at its top transmits the pressure signal inside the reservoir to the industrial control computer 11 for monitoring the simulated arterial pressure.

[0043] Subsequently, the liquid flows through the fixed tube 22 into the static mixer. At this point, if there is no complication simulation command, the liquid will pass directly through the mixer into the arterial tube 19. The second pressure sensor 27 monitors the pressure at this point. The liquid then flows through the simulated dialyzer 4, which provides the main fluid resistance, simulating the pressure changes during a real dialysis process. After exiting the dialyzer 4, the liquid flows through the venous tube 29 into the venous reservoir 3, where the third pressure sensor 28 monitors the pressure signal representing the venous pressure. The venous reservoir 29 is the final point for bubble capture and pressure monitoring. Finally, the liquid passes through the normally open channel of the first three-way solenoid valve 17 and through the connecting tube 16 into the venous simulation tank 2 for temporary storage.

[0044] To form a closed-loop circulation, the reflux assembly is activated. Gear pump 10 pumps the liquid out of the venous simulation tank 2 and returns it to the blood simulation storage tank 9 through short tube 14, thus completing a full extracorporeal circulation simulation. Dual-way solenoid valve 26 is used to maintain the internal pressure balance of the storage tank.

[0045] During this process, trainees need to check the airtightness of the entire circuit, ensure that all joints are tightened, and set the overall parameters.

[0046] In the initial stage, trainees need to closely observe the rise of the liquid level in the arterial pot 23 and the venous pot 29, and manually tap and tilt the pot to expel the gas from the pipes and pots until the liquid fills the entire circuit and flows into the venous simulation tank 2. This process trains trainees' ability to perform venting operations.

[0047] 2. Simulation and triggering of coagulation complications: When the instructor needs to trigger the coagulation simulation via remote control 24, the industrial control all-in-one computer 11 receives the instruction and performs the following actions: The metering injection assembly is activated: the second three-way solenoid valve 31 switches the flow, connecting the thickener storage tank 7 and the piston cylinder 21. The electric push rod 6 moves the piston body 32 upward, drawing a metered amount of thickener into the piston cylinder 21.

[0048] Subsequently, the second three-way solenoid valve 31 switches, connecting the piston cylinder 21 to the cylinder 20 of the static mixer. The electric push rod 6 pushes the piston body 32, precisely injecting a predetermined amount of thickener into the main fluid.

[0049] The thickener is thoroughly mixed with simulated blood by the stirrer 34 inside the cylinder 20, thereby uniformly increasing the viscosity of the liquid. The vibration viscosity sensor 12 monitors the viscosity of the mixed liquid in real time and feeds the data back to the industrial control computer 11 to form a closed-loop control, ensuring that the viscosity reaches the preset "coagulation level" requirement.

[0050] As the fluid viscosity increases, the resistance flowing through the simulated dialyzer 4 increases significantly, causing a sharp rise in downstream venous pressure (monitored by the third pressure sensor 28) and a decrease in upstream arterial pressure (monitored by the first pressure sensor 30). Based on these realistic pressure changes, the system triggers an audible and visual alarm for "high venous pressure," identical to that of a real dialysis machine, perfectly recreating the clinical scenario of coagulation.

[0051] The device triggered a "high venous pressure" alarm due to pressure changes. Trainees must first identify the alarm type.

[0052] Based on what they learned in the training, the trainees gradually investigated the causes of the alarms. They needed to check for twists or kinks in the tubing, observe the fluid level in the arteriovenous reservoir 3 and for any air bubbles, and finally determine whether the cause was blood clotting by analyzing the pressure trend.

[0053] If suspected blood clotting is confirmed, trainees must follow the standard procedure: immediately stop the peristaltic pump 8, disconnect the tubing, and attempt to return blood (this device is for simulation).

[0054] 3. Reset and waste removal process: After the training, the instructors used the data recorded by the vibration viscosity sensor 12 to conduct an objective and quantitative assessment and review of the trainees' judgment and processing abilities.

[0055] The entire system is then reset. The first three-way solenoid valve 17 switches the circuit, closing the path to the vein simulation tank 2 and opening the waste drain pipe 18. Simultaneously, a flushing procedure can be initiated to discharge the high-viscosity liquid containing thickener as waste. New simulated blood is then added, preparing the system for the next training session.

[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A simulation device for hemodialysis training, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: A fixed frame (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the frame (1). A blood simulation storage tank (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the fixed frame (5). An artery pot (23) is provided on one side of the blood simulation storage tank (9). The artery pot (23) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (5). A pumping assembly is installed between the blood simulation storage tank (9) and the artery pot (23). The outlet of the arterial chamber (23) is fixedly connected to a fixed tube (22), the outlet of the fixed tube (22) is fixedly connected to a static mixer, the outlet of the static mixer is fixedly connected to a front pressure measuring tube, the outlet of the front pressure measuring tube is fixedly connected to a dialyzer (4), and the dialyzer (4) is fixedly connected to a fixture (5). The bottom of the dialyzer (4) is fixedly connected to a rear pressure measuring tube, the bottom of the rear pressure measuring tube is fixedly connected to a venous chamber (3), and the venous chamber (3) is fixedly connected to a fixture (5). The outlet of the vein pot (3) is fixedly connected to a first three-way solenoid valve (17), one of the interfaces of the first three-way solenoid valve (17) is fixedly connected to a waste discharge pipe (18), the remaining interface of the first three-way solenoid valve (17) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (16), the outlet of the connecting pipe (16) is fixedly connected to a vein simulation bucket (2), and the vein simulation bucket (2) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (5). A reflux assembly is installed between the vein simulation tank (2) and the blood simulation storage tank (9); A thickener storage tank (7) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the fixed frame (5), and a metering injection assembly is installed between the thickener storage tank (7) and the static mixer.

2. The simulation device for hemodialysis training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the blood simulation storage tank (9) is fixedly connected to a two-way solenoid valve (26) and a first pressure sensor (30).

3. The simulation device for hemodialysis training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pumping assembly includes a hose (13), and the hose (13) is fixedly connected to the blood simulation storage tank (9) and the arterial chamber (23). The outer surface of the hose (13) is fitted with a matching peristaltic pump (8), and the peristaltic pump (8) is fixedly connected to the fixture (5).

4. The simulation device for hemodialysis training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static mixer includes a cylinder (20), which is fixedly connected to a fixed pipe (22) and fixedly connected to a fixed frame (5). Two mounting plates (33) are fixedly connected to the inner top of the cylinder (20), and a stirrer (34) is fixedly connected between the two mounting plates (33). A vibration viscosity sensor (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder (20) at the outlet.

5. The simulation device for hemodialysis training according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front pressure measuring tube includes an arterial tube (19), and the two ends of the arterial tube (19) are fixedly connected to the cylinder (20) and the dialyzer (4) respectively. A second pressure sensor (27) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the arterial tube (19).

6. The simulation device for hemodialysis training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The post-pressure measuring tube includes a venous tube (29), and the two ends of the venous tube (29) are fixedly connected to the dialyzer (4) and the venous chamber (3), respectively. A third pressure sensor (28) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the venous tube (29).

7. The simulation device for hemodialysis training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflux assembly includes a reflux tube (15), one end of which is fixedly connected to the venous simulation tank (2), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a gear pump (10). The gear pump (10) is fixedly connected to a mounting bracket (5), and a short tube (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the gear pump (10). The short tube (14) is fixedly connected to the blood simulation storage tank (9).

8. The simulation device for hemodialysis training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top opening of the thickener storage tank (7) is threaded with a lid (25).

9. A simulation device for hemodialysis training according to claim 4, characterized in that: The quantitative injection assembly includes an electric push rod (6), which is fixedly connected to a thickener storage tank (7). A piston body (32) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the electric push rod (6). A piston cylinder (21) is sealed and slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the piston body (32). The piston cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to the thickener storage tank (7). A second three-way solenoid valve (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder (21). The remaining two ports of the second three-way solenoid valve (31) are fixedly connected to the thickener storage tank (7) and the cylinder body (20), respectively.

10. A simulation device for hemodialysis training according to claim 1, characterized in that: An industrial control computer (11) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the fixed frame (5). The industrial control computer (11) has a remote control (24) on top. The industrial control computer (11) and the remote control (24) are connected via Bluetooth.

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