Water-cooled fire grate with adjustable inclination angle and boiler

Abstract

The invention relates to a water-cooled fire grate which is provided with a pivot header, the pivot header is a long and thin pipe fitting and is suitable for penetrating through a water cooling wall of a boiler to be rotatably supported, so that the water-cooled fire grate can rotate around the pivot header to adjust the inclination angle, and a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the ends of the two sides of the pivot header respectively. The invention further relates to a boiler comprising the fire grate, the two ends of a pivot header of the water-cooled fire grate extend to the outer sides of the two side wall water-cooled walls correspondingly and are rotationally supported by supporting pieces, and the pivot header is provided with a water inlet assembly and a water outlet assembly around a water inlet and a water outlet correspondingly. According to the water-cooled fire grate, the water-cooled fire grate is provided with the pivot header, so that the water-cooled fire grate can rotate greatly around the pivot header, and the inclination angle can be adjusted greatly. In addition, due to the fact that a water-cooling structure is used, the temperature of the whole water-cooling fire grate is greatly reduced compared with that of a non-water-cooling structure, adhesion and coking of fuel can be avoided, and parts are prevented from being damaged by high-temperature smoke.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention aims to provide an adjustable tilt water-cooled grate and a corresponding boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Existing technologies, such as CN220303624U, include grate structures with adjustable inclination angles, comprising a fixed water-cooled grate and a grate arranged on the fixed water-cooled grate. The grate's inclination angle is adjustable, thereby changing the fuel's sliding angle. However, this grate can only be adjusted at a small angle, which often fails to meet requirements. Furthermore, the grate is a non-water-cooled component and experiences high temperatures due to the high-temperature atmosphere inside the furnace. This causes fuel to easily stick and coke when burning biomass and other fuels, and the grate and transmission components are prone to burnout. Therefore, there is a need in the art for improved grate structures. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to provide a water-cooled grate and a corresponding boiler that can overcome the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] Specifically, the present invention provides a water-cooled grate suitable for inclined installation in a boiler furnace, wherein the water-cooled grate has a pivot manifold and a heat exchange tube bundle in fluid communication with the pivot manifold; the pivot manifold is an elongated tube serving as the pivot of the water-cooled grate, adapted to pass through the boiler water-cooled wall and be rotatably supported, so that the water-cooled grate can rotate around the pivot manifold to adjust the tilt angle, wherein the two ends of the pivot manifold are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, so that water can enter the water-cooled grate from the water inlet, exchange heat with the flue gas in the furnace, and then flow out from the water outlet.

[0005] The present invention also provides a boiler having a furnace surrounded by a front arch water-cooled wall, a rear arch water-cooled wall and two side wall water-cooled walls, wherein a water-cooled grate as described above is provided in the furnace, wherein the two ends of the pivot manifold of the water-cooled grate extend to the outside of the two side wall water-cooled walls and are rotatably supported by a support member, and the pivot manifold is provided with an inlet assembly and an outlet assembly around the inlet and outlet respectively.

[0006] According to the present invention, the water-cooled grate has a pivot header, which allows for large-scale rotation around the pivot header and large-angle adjustment. Furthermore, because a water-cooled structure is used, the temperature of the entire water-cooled grate is significantly lower than that of a non-water-cooled structure, preventing fuel adhesion and coking, and avoiding damage to components due to high-temperature flue gas. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein:

[0008] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a boiler according to the present invention is shown;

[0009] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The middle AA cross-sectional view shows the support and drive structure of an exemplary water-cooled grate according to the present invention;

[0010] Figures 3 to 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of several water-cooled grates is shown, with particular emphasis on the direction of water flow;

[0011] Figure 6 and Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an exemplary inclined water-cooled grate is provided, wherein, Figure 6 This is a partial sectional side view of an inclined water-cooled grate. Figure 7 It is along Figure 6 The view observed in the direction indicated by the middle arrow m;

[0012] Figure 8 and Figure 9 A schematic diagram of another exemplary inclined water-cooled grate is provided, wherein, Figure 8 This is a partial sectional side view of an inclined water-cooled grate. Figure 9 It is along Figure 8 The view observed in the direction indicated by the middle arrow n. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The present invention will now be described with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the illustrated embodiments are illustrative and merely examples, and do not constitute a limitation on the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be able to foresee various other equivalent solutions after reading the specification. Furthermore, it should be noted that the directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "back" used herein are defined according to the orientations shown in the accompanying drawings. However, this description is only for the clarity and convenience of expressing the technical solutions and does not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0014] like Figure 1As shown, the boiler body according to the present invention has a furnace 4 enclosed by a front arch water-cooled wall 1, a rear arch water-cooled wall 2, and two side wall water-cooled walls 3. Multiple inclined water-cooled grates 5 (four shown in the figure, but more or fewer are within the scope of the invention) are arranged from top to bottom within the furnace 4, forming a serpentine path between these grates 5. A feed inlet 6 is provided at a position on the front arch water-cooled wall 1 corresponding to the uppermost grate 5. The feed inlet 6 is defined by the space between two spaced-apart headers 7 and 8 on the front arch water-cooled wall 1. A feed box 9 and a feed hopper 10 are provided on the outer side of the front arch water-cooled wall 1, corresponding to the feed inlet 6. During operation, the fuel to be burned enters the uppermost grate 5 through the feed hopper 10, the feed box 9, and the feed inlet 6, and then slides down sequentially along each grate. During this process, the fuel is gradually burned out. The burned-out slag falls onto the slag discharge grate 11 at the bottom of the boiler and is discharged into the slag pit.

[0015] It should be noted that "water-cooled wall" is a well-known term in the field, synonymous with "water-cooled film wall." It is an airtight tube screen structure welded together from heat exchange tube bundles (usually parallel heat exchange tubes containing flowing water) and steel plates between the tube bundles. The heat exchange tubes can be circular or non-circular. The furnace enclosed by the water-cooled wall has good airtightness and can be effectively heated. Insulation material can be applied to the outside of the water-cooled wall; this structure can be called a "furnace wall." It should also be noted that a water-cooled wall structure consisting only of heat exchange tube bundles without steel plates between them is called a "bare tube section," and the heat exchange tubes in this case are called "bare tubes." "Manifold" is also a well-known term in the field, also called a header. It is usually arranged transversely to the heat exchange tube bundles in the water-cooled wall to collect the working fluid (usually water) in the heat exchange tube bundles or to distribute the collected working fluid to each heat exchange tube bundle. It is usually a columnar structure, which can be cylindrical or non-cylindrical, and will not be described further.

[0016] According to the present invention, the inclined water-cooled grate 5 is an adjustable-angle water-cooled grate. For this purpose, the grate 5 is pivotally supported, thereby allowing the angle to be adjusted. Specifically, refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to the invention, each water-cooled grate 5 has a header 52 that serves as a pivot shaft. This header, which serves as a pivot shaft, may be referred to as a "pivot header". The water-cooled grate 5 can rotate about its respective pivot header 52.

[0017] See Figure 2 The two ends of the pivot manifold 52 are substantially airtightly transversely passing through openings 37 in the water-cooled walls 3 of the two side walls of the boiler and supported by support members 13. One end of the pivot manifold 52 (e.g. Figure 2 The left end of the middle section provides an inlet 58, and the other end (e.g., Figure 2 The water outlet 59 is provided at the right end of the furnace. A water circuit is formed between the water inlet and the water outlet, thereby achieving heat exchange with the flue gas in the furnace.

[0018] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the pivot headers 52 of each water-cooled grate 5 are all intermediate headers; in addition to the pivot headers 52, each water-cooled grate 5 also includes one upper and one lower end header, with reference numeral 53 indicating the upper end header and 54 indicating the lower end header. However, it should be noted that... Figure 1 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only; the pivot manifold 52 could also be an end manifold. Figures 3 to 5 The diagram shows a variety of possible water-cooled grate structures.

[0019] like Figure 3 As shown, the pivot manifold 52 is an intermediate manifold. Its interior is divided into left and right sections by a partition 55. The left section defines the inlet 58, and the right section defines the outlet 59. Thus, when water enters the left section of the pivot manifold 52 from the inlet 58, it flows to the left side of the upper and lower end manifolds 53 and 54 due to the obstruction of the partition 55. Then, it enters the right section of the pivot manifold 52 from the right side of the upper and lower end manifolds 53 and 54, and exits from the outlet 59. The inlet and outlet directions can be reversed.

[0020] Figure 4 The illustration shows the pivot manifold 52 as an end manifold (more specifically, an upper end manifold). In this case, the interior of the pivot manifold is still divided into left and right sections by the partition 55. Water enters the left section of the pivot manifold from the inlet 58 on the left side, flows down to the lower end manifold 54 via the heat exchange tubes due to the partition, then enters the right section of the pivot manifold via the heat exchange tubes again, and flows out from the outlet 59 on the right side. The inlet and outlet directions can be reversed.

[0021] Figure 5 This illustration shows another scenario where the pivot header 52 is an end header (more specifically, the upper end header). In this case, the pivot header 52 contains multiple baffles 55, thus having multiple partitions separated from each other. The other end (i.e., the lower end) header 54 also has multiple baffles 55 and multiple partitions. In this case, the water in the water-cooled grate flows in a serpentine path with multiple reversals, thereby further improving heat exchange efficiency. The inlet and outlet water directions can also be reversed.

[0022] For example Figure 3 The pivot header 52 shown is the case of an intermediate header. Pivot header 52 and end headers 53 and 54 can also be connected to... Figure 5 Similarly, each has multiple baffles and partitions, causing the water in the water-cooled grate to circulate multiple times for sufficient heat exchange. At this time, with... Figure 5Similarly, the pivot manifold is provided with multiple baffles that divide the internal space of the pivot manifold into multiple sections. These sections include a left section defining the inlet and a right section defining the outlet. Each end manifold is provided with at least one baffle that divides the internal space of the corresponding end manifold into multiple sections. The number of baffles in each end manifold is one less than the number of baffles in the pivot manifold, and thus the number of sections in each end manifold is one less than the number of sections in the pivot manifold. Heat exchange tube bundles are connected between each section of the pivot manifold and the corresponding section of each end manifold, so that when water flows in the pivot manifold and the end manifolds, it will change direction due to the baffles, resulting in a serpentine flow between the pivot manifold and each end manifold, and finally flow out from the outlet of the pivot manifold.

[0023] Additionally, it should be noted that, although not particularly preferred, the pivot manifold can also be a lower end manifold, and its structure can be similar to... Figure 4 and Figure 5 Similarly, except that the lower end header is used as a pivot header.

[0024] In fact, apart from having a header 52 that provides the pivot, the other parts of the water-cooled grate of the present invention can adopt any existing structure, and the present invention is not limited in this regard. Figures 6 to 9 Two improved embodiments are given.

[0025] According to one aspect of the present invention, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the inclined water-cooled grate can be roughly a membrane wall structure, wherein, Figure 6 This is a partial sectional side view of an inclined water-cooled grate. Figure 7 It is along Figure 6 The view observed in the direction indicated by the middle arrow m. For example... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the water-cooled grate has multiple heat exchange tubes 40 arranged side by side and ribs 41 welded between the heat exchange tubes. The heat exchange tubes 40 are connected to grate headers (not shown, but may be, for example, the aforementioned headers 52, 53, 54, etc.). Multiple ventilation holes 42 are formed on the ribs 41, thus preventing fuel from falling directly between the heat exchange tubes 40 while allowing air to pass through the ribs to aid combustion. According to the preferred embodiment shown, the ribs 41 are offset relative to the plane 45 defined by the central axes of each heat exchange tube towards the fuel-contacting side of the heat exchange tube 47. This results in a shallower groove formed by adjacent heat exchange tubes 40 and the ribs 41 between them, reducing resistance as fuel slides along the heat exchange tubes and grooves, facilitating fuel flow.

[0026] Figure 8 and Figure 9 Another possible solution for the inclined water-cooled grate is presented. Figure 8 This is a partial sectional side view of an inclined water-cooled grate. Figure 9 It is along Figure 8 The view is taken in the direction indicated by the middle arrow n. The inclined water-cooled grate includes multiple parallel light tubes 60 and multiple spaced-apart elongated plates 61 welded sequentially from top to bottom to the light tubes 60. Each elongated plate 61 has multiple notches 62 on the side where it engages with the light tube 60 (referred to as the "first side"), the position and shape of which match the light tube, thereby allowing the elongated plate 61 to be snapped and welded integrally with the light tube 60. The other side of the elongated plate 61 opposite the side where it engages with the light tube (referred to as the "second side") is substantially straight. These elongated plates 61 are generally parallel to each other, vertically spaced, and oriented at an angle relative to the orientation perpendicular to the light tubes towards the lower end of the grate (see [reference]). Figure 8 These elongated plates 61 form a "stepped" structure; as the fuel slides down the grate, it experiences a "bump" as it passes over this "stepped" structure, thus being slightly bounced up before falling, thereby reducing the resistance to the fuel's descent and allowing the fuel to slide smoothly and burn more effectively. In a preferred embodiment, vent holes may be formed on the elongated plates 61.

[0027] The following is for reference. Figure 2 The support and inlet / outlet water configuration of the pivot manifold 52 are described in detail. It should be noted that this structure is for illustrative purposes only and not a limitation.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, both ends of the pivot manifold 52 extend to the outer sides of the sidewall water-cooled wall 3 and are supported by a support member 13. The support member 13 can be a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing that engages with the pivot manifold 52. The sliding bearing or the rolling bearing is connected to a support 70, which is preferably integrally connected to the boiler water-cooled wall 3, thereby minimizing various misalignments caused by thermal expansion. The support 70 can be connected to the boiler water-cooled wall 3 by bolts (not shown). When using bolted connections, a thermal expansion gap can be reserved between the bolt and the bolt hole. Furthermore, the support 70 is preferably a cover-like component (as shown) surrounding the pivot manifold and connected to the water-cooled wall, containing a heat-insulating sealing packing 80. Thus, the support 70 also serves as a flue gas seal, essentially preventing flue gas leakage from the furnace. The packing can be any known available packing, and the present invention is not limited in this regard. It should be noted that, in order to better accommodate the axial and radial thermal expansion of the pivot coupling, the support 13 and the pivot coupling 52 do not need to be precisely fitted. Instead, radial and axial clearances should be reserved, which can be easily determined by calculation or actual measurement.

[0029] The inlet and outlet water settings of the pivot manifold 52 are discussed below.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, one end of the pivot manifold 52 is provided with a water inlet 58, and the other end is provided with a water outlet 59. There can be multiple water inlets and outlets. A water inlet assembly 20 and a water outlet assembly 30 are respectively connected around the water inlet 58 and the water outlet 59. The water inlet assembly and water outlet assembly shown in the attached figures have the same structure (because the water inlet and outlet can be reversed and interchanged), therefore, the following description focuses only on the water inlet assembly 20.

[0031] like Figure 2 In an exemplary, rather than limiting, embodiment, the inlet assembly 20 includes a cup-shaped member 21 disposed around an inlet 58 of a pivot manifold 52 and an end cap 22 integrally connected to the cup-shaped member 21. The cup-shaped member 21 includes a body portion 23 and a cup bottom 24. The inner diameter of the body portion 23 is larger than the outer diameter of the pivot manifold 52, thereby forming an annular space 26 between the inner circumferential surface of the body portion 23 and the outer circumferential surface of the pivot manifold 52. A first sealing ring 36 is arranged within the annular space 26. The sealing ring 36 may be, for example, a Y-shaped sealing ring or other suitable dynamic seal, which abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the body portion 23, the pivot manifold 52, and the cup bottom 24 in a sealing engagement. The body portion 23 is integrally connected to the end cap 22 at the end opposite the cup bottom 24 by means of fasteners. A second sealing ring 46 is disposed within the annular space 26, abutting against the end cap 22. Like the first sealing ring 36, the second sealing ring 46 seals against the inner circumferential surface of the main body 23 and the pivot manifold 52, for example, a Y-type sealing ring or other suitable dynamic seal. The end cap 22 can be connected to the cup-shaped member 21 by means of fasteners. The end cap 22 has a central aperture 25, and the end face of the pivot manifold 52 has a threaded blind hole 27. A positioning screw 29 passes through the aperture 25 and is screwed into the blind hole 27 on the end face of the pivot manifold, thereby acting as a stop for the water inlet assembly, limiting the axial movement range of the water inlet assembly 20 on the pivot manifold, allowing it to move only within a small range between the head of the screw 29 and the end face of the pivot manifold. Furthermore, a water inlet pipe connector 28 suitable for connection to a water inlet pipe is formed on the side wall of the main body 23. The water inlet pipe connector 28 has a water inlet passage communicating with the annular space 26 of the cup-shaped member 21. The outlet assembly 30 on the other side of the pivot manifold 52 has the same structure as the inlet assembly 20. In this way, water can enter the pivot manifold 52 through the inlet assembly 20 and flow out from the outlet assembly 30 on the other side after flowing through the entire water-cooled grate.

[0032] Furthermore, it can be understood that Figure 2 The inlet and outlet water structures shown are merely examples, and various alternatives are possible. Any structure that can be fitted with a pipe to allow for a sealed inlet and outlet of water can be used as the inlet and outlet water components of this invention. In the simplest embodiment, the inlet and outlet water components 20 and 30 can be replaced by a flexible hose or hose connector that can be fitted and fixed to the end of the pivot manifold 52.

[0033] According to another aspect of the invention, the pivot manifold 52 serves not only as a pivot shaft but also as a power receiving unit. For this purpose, the pivot manifold has a power receiving element adapted to receive the driving force of a drive mechanism to rotate the pivot manifold, thereby driving the grate to rotate and adjusting the grate's inclination angle. The power receiving element is integral with the pivot manifold at least during rotation. The power receiving element can be a swing arm, sprocket, gear, or pulley, and is thus driven by a corresponding drive device.

[0034] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This illustrates an exemplary linkage drive scheme.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pivot manifold 52 is connected to a rocker arm 15. The rocker arm 15 can be connected to and driven by a drive device such as a hydraulic cylinder / pneumatic cylinder. The connection between the rocker arm 15 and the pivot manifold 52 is an integral connection during rotation. This can be achieved by various known methods, such as welding or keying (especially spline connections). Thus, when the rocker arm 15 is rotated, the pivot manifold 52 can rotate accordingly, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the water-cooled grate.

[0036] From a manufacturing convenience perspective, the connection structure on the pivot manifold 52 that mates with the rocker arm 15 can be provided by a separate component, which can be welded to the pivot manifold 52 after machining. For example, when the pivot manifold 52 is keyed to the rocker arm 15, a single key can be machined and then welded to the pivot manifold 52, so that the rocker arm with the keyway hole can be fitted onto the pivot manifold 52 and the keyway can engage with the key; or, a cylindrical part with splines can be machined first, and then the cylindrical part can be welded to the pivot manifold 52, so that the rocker arm with the spline groove can be fitted onto the pivot manifold 52 and the spline groove can engage with the spline.

[0037] When using chain drive, gear drive, or belt drive, the swing arm 15 can be replaced by a sprocket, gear, or pulley. In this case, the connection structure between the pivot coupling and the sprocket, gear, or pulley can still be set as described above with reference to the swing arm 15.

[0038] It is easy to understand that the present invention does not limit the pivot manifold drive structure, as long as it can drive the pivot manifold 52 to rotate.

[0039] In addition, to limit the lateral movement of the grate within the furnace, an axial stop (not shown) may be provided on the pivot manifold 52. This stop abuts against the side wall water-cooled wall 3 in the axial direction, or against a component integrated with the side wall water-cooled wall (such as a support 70, a support member 13, etc.), thereby achieving lateral stopping.

[0040] Furthermore, each water-cooled grate can be driven in conjunction with another grate or independently. This linkage can be achieved through various linkage mechanisms, such as linkage mechanisms, belt drive mechanisms, or sprocket drive mechanisms. Figure 1 In the illustrated scheme, multiple water-cooled grates 5 arranged from top to bottom are linked by a multi-link mechanism. Specifically, the swing arms 15 of each water-cooled grate 5 are connected to each other by means of rods 33. Thus, the tilt angle of all water-cooled grates can be adjusted by a single drive unit 16. In another feasible scheme not shown, the front arch water-cooled grate (i.e....) Figure 1 The left-side grate is linked to the rear arch water-cooled grate (i.e. Figure 1 The right-side grate (center) is independently linked to the front arch water-cooled grate. In another scheme (not shown), each water-cooled grate is independent.

[0041] According to another aspect of the invention, in order to provide rotation space for the upper end of the inclined water-cooled grate and to prevent upstream fuel from spilling from the gap between the upper end of the water-cooled grate and the corresponding water-cooled wall as it slides down the downstream grate, such as Figure 1 As shown, the front arch water-cooled wall 1 and the rear arch water-cooled wall 2 bend inwards into the furnace near the upper end 53 of each grate, forming a roughly V-shaped protrusion 17. The upper end 53 of the water-cooled grate is located below the V-shaped protrusion 17. The upper half of the V-shaped protrusion 17 slopes downwards, and the lower half of the V-shaped protrusion 17 preferably slopes upwards or relative to... Figure 1 The straight shape shown is slightly concave. In this way, the protrusion 17 blocks the gap between the upper end of the water-cooled grate and the corresponding water-cooled wall, and fuel from upstream can easily slide down to the downstream grate through the upper half of the protrusion 17; and a space is formed between the lower half and the corresponding front arch water-cooled wall 1 or rear arch water-cooled wall 2 for the upper end of the water-cooled grate to swing, so as to avoid interference, and the upward movement of flue gas is basically unaffected by the inclined orientation of the upper and lower halves.

[0042] Another aspect of the invention relates to the arrangement of the uppermost water-cooled grate 5 (also referred to as the "feed grate"). Although the uppermost water-cooled grate 5 can be arranged in the same manner as the lower water-cooled grate 5, i.e., cooperating with the V-shaped protrusion 17, however... Figure 1Another feasible solution is shown. In this solution, the uppermost water-cooled grate 5 extends through the feed inlet 6 into the feed hopper 9 outside the boiler and is located below the feed hopper 10. Thus, fuel fed from the feed hopper 10 can fall directly onto the uppermost water-cooled grate 5 and slide down it. The portion of the uppermost water-cooled grate located inside the furnace needs to be ventilated to allow gases below to pass through the grate and burn the fuel. The portion of the uppermost water-cooled grate located outside the furnace (i.e., outside the feed inlet 6) can be an impermeable membrane wall structure, thereby preventing unnecessary feed spillage and ensuring that all fuel received from the feed hopper 10 is fed into the furnace 4. Apart from this, the structure of the uppermost water-cooled grate is no different from the other water-cooled grates in the furnace; it is also rotatably supported by a pivot manifold, thereby allowing for adjustable inclination.

[0043] for Figure 1 The structure of the uppermost water-cooled grate shown has sealing devices installed on both the top and bottom sides to reduce air leakage in the furnace.

[0044] To achieve top-side sealing, a gate lifting device is arranged between the feed hopper 10 and the front arch water-cooled wall 1. This device includes a gate 31 that can move vertically up and down and a gate drive 32. The gate 31 is adapted to be in a first position (not shown) and a second position (as shown) under the action of the drive device. Figure 1 The gate 31 moves between the uppermost water-cooled grate 5 and the upper surface of the grate 5 (as shown), wherein, in a first position, the gate 31 abuts against the upper surface of the uppermost water-cooled grate 5, thereby minimizing flue gas leakage from the furnace; in a second position, the gate 31 is separated from the upper surface of the uppermost water-cooled grate 5 by a predetermined distance, thereby allowing feeding. Preferably, in the first position, the gate 31 abuts against the pivot manifold 52 of the uppermost water-cooled grate. This is because the cylindrical outer surface of the pivot manifold 52 is more likely to seal against the lower surface of the gate 31 than the uneven upper surface of the grate.

[0045] To achieve bottom sealing, a movable sealing device is installed between the bottom side of the upstream water-cooled grate and the feed box 9. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the movable sealing device includes a generally arc-shaped sealing plate 18 extending from the bottom side of the uppermost water-cooled grate and centered on the axis of the pivot junction box 52, and a sealing groove 19 located on the feed box 9, with sand arranged in the sealing groove 19; the sealing plate 18 can swing with the grate, and when the uppermost water-cooled grate is working normally, the sealing plate 18 is inserted into the sand in the sealing groove 19 to achieve a seal.

[0046] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described top and bottom sealing devices can also be any existing sealing structure in the art.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that although the present invention can essentially be regarded as a fixed grate with adjustable tilt angle (that is, the grate is fixed during operation after the tilt angle adjustment is completed), each water-cooled grate can also be used as a vibrating grate. That is, when needed, the drive device can periodically drive the pivot manifold to rotate at a certain frequency, so that each water-cooled grate swings back and forth, thereby promoting the fall of fuel.

[0048] Finally, let's discuss the installation of the water-cooled grate within the furnace. The first feasible option is to install the grate first, followed by the water-cooled walls. The second feasible option is to install the heat exchange tubes of the water-cooled walls first, but without welding the ribs (i.e., the steel plates between the heat exchange tubes). The ribs are then welded to form a closed water-cooled wall after the grate is inserted into the furnace and positioned. The third option is to modify the grate into a split structure, including a middle section that enters the furnace 4 through the feed inlet 6 and left and right end sections. This can be achieved by modifying the pivot manifold into a split structure comprising the middle section and separate end sections, where the axial length of the middle section is close to the distance between the two side water-cooled walls 3. Thus, during installation, the water-cooled walls can be formed normally first, but a certain length of ribs is left unwelded at the grate installation location. After the middle section of the grate is fed into the furnace through the feed inlet 6 and positioned, the left and right end sections of the pivot manifold are welded to the middle section, and then the ribs are welded to form a closed water-cooled wall.

[0049] Although some embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water cooled grate adapted to be installed obliquely in a boiler furnace, characterized in that, The water cooled grate has a pivot header and a heat exchange tube bundle in fluid communication with the pivot header; the pivot header is an elongated pipe adapted to serve as a pivot of the water cooled grate, so that the water cooled grate can rotate around the pivot header to adjust the inclination angle, wherein both ends of the pivot header are respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet, so that water can enter the water cooled grate from the inlet and flow out of the outlet after heat exchange with flue gas in the furnace.

2. The water-cooled grate defined in claim 1, wherein In addition to the pivot header, the water cooled grate further comprises at least one end header.

3. The water-cooled grate defined in claim 2, wherein The pivot header is an intermediate header, and the water cooled grate further has an upper end header and a lower end header at the upper end and the lower end of the grate, and the intermediate header, the upper end header and the lower end header are connected by the heat exchange tube bundle.

4. The water-cooled grate defined in claim 2, wherein The pivot header is an end header, and the water cooled grate further has another end header opposite to the pivot header, and the two end headers are connected by the heat exchange tube bundle.

5. The water-cooled grate defined in claim 2, wherein The pivot header is provided with a partition plate, which divides the internal space of the pivot header into a left section and a right section, the left section defines the inlet, and the right section defines the outlet, so that when water enters the left section of the pivot header from the inlet of the pivot header, it will flow to the left area of the end header due to the obstruction of the partition plate, and then enter the right section of the pivot header from the right area of the end header, and flow out of the outlet of the pivot header.

6. The water-cooled grate defined in claim 2, wherein The pivot header is provided with a plurality of partition plates, which divide the internal space of the pivot header into a plurality of sections, the plurality of sections include a left section defining the inlet and a right section defining the outlet, Each of the end headers is respectively provided with at least one partition plate, which divides the internal space of the corresponding end header into a plurality of sections, wherein the number of partition plates of each of the end headers is one less than that of the pivot header, and the number of sections of each of the end headers is one less than that of the pivot header, The heat exchange tube bundle is connected between each section of the pivot header and the corresponding section of each of the end headers, so that when water flows in the pivot header and the end headers, it will change direction due to the partition plates, thereby flowing in a serpentine manner between the pivot header and each of the end headers, and finally flowing out of the outlet of the pivot header.

7. The water-cooled grate defined in claim 1, wherein The heat exchange tube bundle comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged side by side, and a plurality of rib plates are welded between the heat exchange tubes, a plurality of ventilation holes are formed on the rib plates, and the rib plates are offset to the side of the heat exchange tubes that contacts the fuel relative to the plane defined by the central axes of the heat exchange tubes.

8. The water-cooled grate defined in claim 1, wherein The heat exchange tube bundle comprises a plurality of light tubes arranged side by side and a plurality of spaced apart transversely elongated plate members welded to the light tubes from top to bottom.

9. The water-cooled grate defined in claim 8, wherein The first side of each elongated plate member that engages the light tubes has a plurality of notches, the position and shape of each notch match the light tubes, so that the elongated plate member is welded to the light tubes when the notches engage the light tubes; the second side of the elongated plate member opposite to the first side is substantially flat; the elongated plate members are substantially parallel to each other and are oriented to be inclined towards the lower end of the grate relative to the direction perpendicular to the light tubes.

10. The water-cooled grate defined in claim 8, wherein The elongated plate member is provided with air-permeable holes.

11. A boiler having a furnace surrounded by a front arch water wall, a back arch water wall, and two sidewall water walls, characterized by, The furnace is provided with the water-cooled grate according to any one of the preceding claims, both ends of the pivot box of the water-cooled grate extend to the outside of the two sidewall water-cooled walls and are rotatably supported by support members, and the pivot box is provided with a water inlet assembly and a water outlet assembly around the water inlet and outlet ports, respectively.

12. The boiler of claim 11, wherein The support member comprises a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing engaged with the pivot box, and the sliding bearing or the rolling bearing is supported by a support base which is integrally connected with the water-cooled wall of the boiler.

13. The boiler of claim 12, wherein The support base is a cover-shaped member connected to the water-cooled wall around the pivot box and has heat-insulating sealing filler therein, so that the support base serves as a flue gas sealing member to prevent the flue gas in the furnace from overflowing; the support member and the pivot box have predetermined radial and axial clearances to compensate for thermal expansion.

14. The boiler of claim 11, wherein, The water inlet assembly comprises a cup-shaped member arranged around the water inlet port of the pivot box and an end cover integrally connected with the cup-shaped member, the cup-shaped member comprises a main body portion and a cup bottom portion, the inner diameter of the main body portion is larger than the outer diameter of the pivot box, so that an annular space is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the main body portion and the outer peripheral surface of the pivot box, a first sealing ring is arranged in the annular space and sealingly engages with the inner peripheral surface of the main body portion, the pivot box and the cup bottom portion, the main body portion is sealingly connected with the end cover at the end opposite to the cup bottom portion, a second sealing ring is arranged in the annular space and abuts against the end cover, the inner peripheral surface of the main body portion and the pivot box; the center of the end cover is provided with a light hole, the end surface of the pivot box is provided with a threaded blind hole, a positioning screw passes through the light hole and is screwed into the blind hole of the end surface of the pivot box, so as to serve as a stopper of the water inlet assembly, so that the water inlet assembly can only move between the head of the positioning screw and the end surface of the pivot box; and a water inlet pipe joint portion adapted to be connected to a water inlet pipe is formed on the side wall of the main body portion, the water inlet pipe joint portion has a water inlet passage communicating with the annular space of the cup-shaped member.

15. The boiler of claim 11, wherein The water outlet assembly comprises a cup arranged around the water outlet of the pivot box and an end cover connected to the cup, the cup comprises a main body and a cup bottom, the inner diameter of the main body is larger than the outer diameter of the pivot box, thereby forming an annular space between the inner peripheral surface of the main body and the outer peripheral surface of the pivot box, a first sealing ring is arranged in the annular space, the sealing ring is sealingly engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the main body, the pivot box and the cup bottom, the main body is sealingly connected with the end cover at the end opposite to the cup bottom, wherein a second sealing ring is arranged in the annular space and abuts against the end cover, the inner peripheral surface of the main body and the pivot box; the center of the end cover is provided with a light hole, a threaded blind hole is arranged on the end surface of the pivot box, a positioning screw passes through the light hole and is screwed into the blind hole of the end surface of the pivot box, thereby serving as a stopper of the water outlet assembly, so that the water outlet assembly can only move between the head of the positioning screw and the end surface of the pivot box; and a water outlet pipe joint suitable for being connected to a water outlet pipe is formed on the sidewall of the main body, the water outlet pipe joint has a water outlet passage communicating with the annular space of the cup.

16. The boiler of claim 11, wherein The water inlet assembly and the water outlet assembly are a hose or a hose joint sleeved and fixed on the end of the pivot box.

17. The boiler of claim 11, wherein The pivot box is of split design, comprising a main body segment with an axial length close to the distance between the two side wall water cooled walls and an end segment separated from the main body segment, and the end segment can be welded to the main body segment to form the entire pivot box.

18. The boiler of claim 11, wherein An axial stopper is arranged on the pivot box to limit the transverse movement of the water cooled grate in the hearth.

19. The boiler of claim 11, wherein The pivot box is provided with a power receiving member adapted to receive the driving force of a driving mechanism to rotate the pivot box and thereby drive the grate to rotate, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the grate; the power receiving member is at least integrated with the pivot box when rotating.

20. The boiler of claim 19, wherein The power receiving member is a swing arm or a sprocket or a gear or a belt pulley.

21. The boiler of claim 19, wherein, The power receiving member is connected to the pivot box through a key connection.

22. The boiler of claim 19, wherein A plurality of water cooled grates are arranged in the boiler, which are independent of each other or at least partially linked.

23. The boiler of claim 22, wherein The linkage is achieved through a connecting rod mechanism or a belt pulley transmission mechanism or a sprocket transmission mechanism or a gear transmission mechanism between the plurality of water cooled grates.

24. The boiler of claim 22, wherein, The front arch water cooled wall grate is linked, and the rear arch water cooled wall grate is independently linked with the front arch water cooled wall grate.

25. The boiler of claim 11, wherein The front arch water cooled wall and the rear arch water cooled wall are bent inwardly to the hearth near the upper end of each grate, forming a generally V-shaped protrusion, and the upper end of each water cooled grate is located below the V-shaped protrusion, so that the upper half of the V-shaped protrusion blocks the gap between the upper end of the water cooled grate and the corresponding water cooled wall, and the lower half of the V-shaped protrusion forms a space for the upper end of the water cooled grate to swing with the corresponding front arch water cooled wall or rear arch water cooled wall.

26. The boiler of claim 25, wherein The uppermost upstream water cooled grate is a feeding grate which extends through the feeding port on the front arch water cooled wall to the feeding tank outside the boiler and is located below the feeding hopper, so that the fuel sent from the feeding hopper directly falls onto the uppermost upstream water cooled grate and slides thereon; Sealing devices are arranged on the top side and the bottom side of the uppermost upstream water cooled grate to reduce air leakage in the hearth.

27. The boiler of claim 26, wherein Between the feed hopper and the front arch water-cooled wall, a gate lifting device is arranged, which comprises a gate capable of moving up and down in the vertical direction and a gate driving member, the gate being adapted to move between a first position and a second position under the action of the driving device, wherein, in the first position, the gate abuts against the upper surface of the uppermost water-cooled grate; in the second position, the gate is spaced apart from the upper surface of the uppermost water-cooled grate by a predetermined distance.

28. The boiler of claim 27, wherein In the first position, the gate abuts against the pivot box of the uppermost water-cooled grate.

29. The boiler of claim 26, wherein A movable sealing device is arranged between the bottom side of the uppermost water-cooled grate and the feed bin.

30. The boiler of claim 29, wherein, The movable sealing device comprises a substantially arc-shaped sealing plate extending from the bottom side of the uppermost water-cooled grate and taking the pivot box axis as the center, and a sealing groove on the feed bin, sand being arranged in the sealing groove; the sealing plate is inserted into the sand in the sealing groove to achieve sand sealing.

31. The boiler of claim 19, wherein The water-cooled grate can be used as a vibrating grate.

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