A vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power equipment, in particular to a vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker, which comprises a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and a mechanism box, wherein a static contact and a dynamic contact are inserted in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, under the action of the mechanism box, the dynamic contact can approach or move away from the static contact and can be in conduction with the static contact; a conductive part is arranged between the static contact and the dynamic contact, the conductive part can be elastically deformed and can form a stop cooperation with the static contact or the dynamic contact, and is configured to be in conduction with the static contact and the dynamic contact before the static contact and the dynamic contact are in conduction. Thus, by means of shifting the arc generation position, the problem of arc erosion between the static contact and the dynamic contact is effectively avoided, and the elastic deformation characteristics of the conductive part are utilized to reduce the rebound amplitude of the dynamic contact, which is conducive to reducing the wear of the static contact and the dynamic contact, and can ensure the service life of the static contact and the dynamic contact and the conduction between the static contact and the dynamic contact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment technology, and in particular to a vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum pole-mounted circuit breakers are key switching devices in high-voltage power distribution lines. They mainly rely on a sealed vacuum interrupter to create the core working environment: in a vacuum state, there are very few gas molecules and extremely high dielectric strength, which provides the basic conditions for arc-free disconnection and rapid arc extinguishing.

[0003] During circuit breaking, the moving and stationary contacts inside the vacuum interrupter are separated by the mechanism box. A vacuum arc is generated between the moving and stationary contacts due to the presence of current. Because the vacuum environment lacks an ionizable gas medium, the arc cannot continue to burn. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the magnetic field structure within the vacuum interrupter, the arc is rapidly suppressed and extinguished within a very short time, ultimately achieving safe circuit disconnection and preventing equipment damage or circuit failure caused by the continued presence of the arc.

[0004] During the closing operation, the mechanism drives the moving contact towards the stationary contact until they make contact and form a conductive path, completing the circuit connection. However, the moving and stationary contacts are pushed apart by a reaction force at the moment of contact, and then made to contact again and pushed apart again, causing repeated bouncing. This results in repeated arcing between the moving and stationary contacts, causing them to be repeatedly eroded by the arcs. It also causes repeated impacts on the moving and stationary contacts, accelerating their wear. This affects both the service life of the moving and stationary contacts and the conductivity between them. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker to address the problems of low service life and poor conductivity of the stationary and moving contacts in current vacuum pole-mounted circuit breakers.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker, the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker comprising a vacuum interrupter and a mechanism box;

[0008] The vacuum interrupter chamber contains a first vacuum chamber, in which a stationary contact and a moving contact are inserted. Under the action of the mechanism box, the moving contact can move closer to or further away from the stationary contact and is configured to be in communication with the stationary contact. A conductive part is provided between the stationary contact and the moving contact. The conductive part can undergo elastic deformation and can form a stop engagement with the stationary contact or the moving contact. It is configured to be in communication with the stationary contact and the moving contact before the stationary contact and the moving contact are in communication.

[0009] Furthermore, a slot is provided on the side wall of one of the stationary contact and the moving contact, and a first insulating ring is fixedly sleeved on the other. A locking pin is inserted into the side wall of the first insulating ring. The locking pin can slide elastically along the radial direction of the first insulating ring and can engage with the slot when the stationary contact and the moving contact are in contact.

[0010] Furthermore, the conductive part is fitted with an insulating sealing cover, and a second vacuum chamber is formed between the insulating sealing cover, the stationary contact and the moving contact. The pressure in the second vacuum chamber is equal to that in the first vacuum chamber. The insulating sealing cover can be deformed and can also form a stop engagement with the locking pin.

[0011] Furthermore, a first elastic element is connected between the locking pin and the stationary contact or the moving contact, and under the action of the first elastic element, the locking pin has a tendency to move inward.

[0012] Furthermore, the first elastic element is a first compression spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of the locking pins and the locking slots are equal, and there are multiple of each, all arranged circumferentially.

[0014] Furthermore, both the stationary contact and the moving contact are fitted with a sensing post and a sliding part. The inner end of the sensing post has a first wedge surface. The sensing post can both slide elastically along its own axis and rotate around its own axis. The two sensing posts can form a stop engagement. The vacuum rod-mounted circuit breaker also includes a rotating assembly, which is configured to drive the sensing post to rotate 180 degrees during the separation of the stationary contact and the moving contact, so as to switch the orientation of the first wedge surface. The sliding part can slide radially with friction and has a spherical surface, which can form a guiding engagement with the first wedge surface. Each sliding part is fitted with two stops, which can slide elastically radially. The two stops on the same sliding part are symmetrically arranged about the center of the sliding part. Each stop has a second wedge surface and a third wedge surface. The slopes of the second wedge surface and the third wedge surface are different, and both can form a stop engagement with the conductive part. The second wedge surfaces of the stops on the same side of different sliding parts are on the same side.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes sliding protrusions and fixed sleeves. Two sliding protrusions are provided on the peripheral sidewall of each sensing post, and the two sliding protrusions on the same sensing post are symmetrically arranged circumferentially. A fixed sleeve is fitted onto each sensing post, and the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the stationary contact or the moving contact. Two first sliding grooves are provided on the inner peripheral wall of each fixed sleeve, extending in a direction parallel to the axis of the fixed sleeve. The two first sliding grooves on the same fixed sleeve are symmetrically arranged circumferentially, and the sliding protrusions can be slidably inserted into the first sliding grooves. The inner end face of each fixed sleeve has two helical inclined surfaces, which are symmetrically arranged at the center. The same helical inclined surface simultaneously communicates with both first sliding grooves, and a one-way elastic block is provided at each communication point. The one-way elastic block at the lower point is configured to prevent the sliding protrusion from returning to the first sliding groove, and the one-way elastic block at the higher point is configured to prevent the sliding protrusion from detaching from the first sliding groove.

[0016] Furthermore, a second elastic element is connected between each of the sensing posts and the stationary contact and the moving contact. Under the action of the second elastic element, the sensing post has a tendency to move outward.

[0017] Furthermore, the conductive part has a cage-like structure.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] This invention relates to a vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker. By incorporating a conductive part, the conductive part is made to conduct with the stationary and moving contacts before they are connected, thereby generating an electric arc between the conductive part and the stationary and moving contacts. This effectively avoids the problem of arc erosion between the stationary and moving contacts by shifting the location of the arc generation. After the conductive part is connected with the stationary and moving contacts, the elastic deformation characteristics of the conductive part are used to reduce the bounce amplitude of the moving contact. This helps to reduce wear on the stationary and moving contacts, ensuring both their service life and the continuity between them.

[0020] Furthermore, by setting a slot and a pin, when the stationary contact and the moving contact are in contact, the moving contact cannot bounce repeatedly due to the engagement between the pin and the slot, thus avoiding collision damage between the moving contact and the stationary contact and improving the service life of the stationary contact and the moving contact.

[0021] Furthermore, by setting an insulating sealing cover, when the stationary and moving contacts are in contact, and the first vacuum chamber is connected to the outside, the insulating sealing cover contracts under the action of pressure difference. It then forms a stop with the locking pin and moves the locking pin inward. Under the locking action of the locking groove and the locking pin, the stationary and moving contacts cannot disengage, ensuring safety. When the stationary and moving contacts are separated, when the first vacuum chamber is connected to the outside, the insulating sealing cover contracts under the action of pressure difference. It then forms a stop with the locking pin and moves the locking pin inward. Under the stop of the locking pin, the moving and stationary contacts cannot make contact and conduct, ensuring safety.

[0022] Furthermore, by setting up a sensing column, a sliding part, and a rotating assembly, the position where the electric arc is generated can be switched back and forth between the conductive part and the stationary contact, and between the conductive part and the moving contact, which helps to extend the service life of the conductive part. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the vacuum interrupter chamber of the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point X in the middle;

[0026] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the vacuum interrupter chamber of the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Y in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of the vacuum interrupter chamber of the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 7 A partial cross-sectional view of the vacuum interrupter chamber of the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 ;

[0030] Figure 8 A partial cross-sectional view of the vacuum interrupter chamber of the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 ;

[0031] Figure 9 An exploded view of the components of the vacuum interrupter chamber of the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 A partial cross-sectional view of the moving contact and rotating assembly of the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Z in the middle.

[0034] in:

[0035] 1. Vacuum interrupter; 11. First vacuum chamber; 12. Stationary contact; 13. Moving contact; 131. Slot; 14. Conductive part; 15. Second insulating ring; 16. Third insulating ring; 17. First insulating ring; 171. First slot; 18. Locking pin; 19. First compression spring; 110. Insulating sealing cover; 111. Second vacuum chamber; 112. Retaining ring; 113. Sensing column; 1131. First wedge surface; 1132. Ring platform; 114. Sliding part; 1141. Spherical surface; 115. Second compression spring; 116. Second slot; 117. Second slide groove; 118. Stop block; 1181. Second wedge surface; 1182. Third wedge surface; 119. Spring; 120. Rotating assembly; 1201. Fixed sleeve; 12011. First slide groove; 12012. Spiral inclined surface; 1202. One-way elastic block;

[0036] 2. Mechanism box;

[0037] 3. Current transformer;

[0038] 4. Disconnecting switch. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0040] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0041] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0042] In the current vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker, during the closing process, when the moving contact 13 approaches the stationary contact 12 under the pushing force of the mechanism box 2 and makes initial contact, the contact surfaces of the two will generate an instantaneous reaction force due to the collision. This reaction force will offset part of the pushing force of the mechanism box 2, causing the originally contacting moving and stationary contacts 12 to be briefly pushed apart. As the reaction force dissipates, the pushing force of the mechanism box 2 will drive the moving contact 13 to move toward the stationary contact 12 again, making the two re-contact. However, if the collision force at the time of contact is still sufficient to generate a reaction force, the cycle of contact-push-re-contact will be repeated, resulting in repeated bouncing.

[0043] Each time the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12 separate, the air or residual gas between them (although the vacuum interrupter 1 is a vacuum, there may be trace amounts of residual gas in actual operation) will generate an electric arc due to current breakdown. The subsequent re-contact will extinguish the arc instantly, and the next separation will generate an arc again. This repeated arcing will cause continuous erosion of the surfaces of the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12: the high temperature of the arc will melt the metal on the surface of the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12, forming metal vapor. At the same time, the electrodynamic force of the current will aggravate the wear on the surface of the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12, resulting in a gradual decrease in the conductivity of the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12 and an increase in contact resistance. The decrease in conductivity of the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12 will reduce the conduction efficiency of the line when closing, and may even cause a false connection, leading to local overheating; while the increase in contact resistance will further aggravate the generation of electric arc, forming a vicious cycle of bouncing-electric arc-damage to the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12-intensified bouncing.

[0044] Simultaneously, each contact between the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12 is accompanied by an instantaneous impact. When the moving contact 13 moves towards the stationary contact 12 under the thrust of the mechanism box 2, the two do not make a smooth fit at the moment of contact, but rather have a certain relative velocity. This velocity difference is converted into a collision force. Because the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 will accelerate and approach again after separating during the bouncing phenomenon, the second and subsequent contact collisions will further amplify the collision force due to the continuous power provided by the mechanism box 2 and the inertia of the moving contact 13's own movement, forming repeated and continuous impacts on the contact surfaces of the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13.

[0045] Such repeated impacts directly damage the physical structure of the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13. On the one hand, the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 are usually made of metal materials with good electrical conductivity and arc resistance, but their structural strength has certain limitations. Repeated impacts will cause microscopic deformation at the contact points of the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13, such as surface depressions, protrusions, or metal grain misalignment. On the other hand, long-term repeated impacts will cause fatigue stress to be generated inside the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13. As the number of impacts increases, fatigue stress accumulates and forms micro-cracks inside the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13. This damage to the microstructure will make the originally regular contact surface of the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 rough and uneven, creating a hidden danger for subsequent wear.

[0046] In the long run, not only will the service life of the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12 be greatly shortened, requiring frequent replacement and maintenance, but the serious damage to the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12 may also cause unstable conduction after closing, or reduce the arc extinguishing ability during circuit breaking, leading to serious faults such as line short circuits and equipment burnout, threatening the safe operation of the entire high-voltage power distribution line.

[0047] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide a vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker, which is particularly suitable for installation in high-voltage power distribution lines and is used to achieve arc extinguishing and safe circuit switching.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 11As shown, the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker is configured to include a vacuum interrupter 1, a mechanism box 2, a current transformer 3, a disconnecting switch 4, and a voltage transformer (not shown). The vacuum interrupter 1 contains a first vacuum chamber 11, which is a cylindrical structure and vertically arranged. A stationary contact 12 and a moving contact 13 are inserted into the first vacuum chamber 11. The stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 are arranged vertically, with the stationary contact 12 positioned above the moving contact 13. Both the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 are three concentric cylindrical structures (upper, middle, and lower), vertically arranged and coaxial. The diameter of the lower-level cylinder of the stationary contact 12 is equal to the diameter of the upper-level cylinder of the moving contact 13. The diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12, and the diameter of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13 is smaller than the diameter of the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13. Under the action of the mechanism box 2, the moving contact 13 can slide vertically to approach or move away from the stationary contact 12. The moving contact 13 is configured to be in communication with the stationary contact 12. A bellows (not shown) is connected between the lower end face of the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13 and the inner bottom of the vacuum interrupter 1. The bellows plays a sliding sealing role to prevent the first vacuum chamber 11 from communicating with the outside. A conductive part 14 is provided between the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13. The conductive part 14 can be set as a tubular cage structure, vertically arranged, and capable of elastic deformation.

[0049] To facilitate the installation of the conductive part 14, a second insulating ring 15 is fixedly sleeved on the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12, with the upper end face of the second insulating ring 15 coinciding with the lower end face of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12. A third insulating ring 16 is fixedly sleeved on the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13, with the lower end face of the third insulating ring 16 coinciding with the upper end face of the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13. The outer diameter of the third insulating ring 16 is equal to the outer diameter of the second insulating ring 15, making the inner diameters of the upper and lower ends of the conductive part 14 consistent, facilitating processing and sealing. During installation, the conductive part 14 can be configured such that its upper end slides onto the second insulating ring 15, and its lower end is fixedly sleeved onto the third insulating ring 16, with the lower end face coinciding with the upper end face of the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13 and conducting. Initially, as... Figure 3 As shown, the upper end face of the conductive part 14 and the lower end face of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12 are spaced apart; and the distance between the upper end face of the conductive part 14 and the lower end face of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12 is less than the distance between the lower end face of the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12 and the upper end face of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13, so as to ensure that the conductive part 14 can be connected with the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 before the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 are connected.

[0050] Current transformer 3 is mainly used to measure circuit lines and provide protection for vacuum pole-mounted circuit breakers. Disconnect switch 4 is mainly used to isolate voltage, forming a visible disconnect point and creating a visible and reliable air insulation gap during power outage maintenance to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment. Voltage transformers are mainly used to provide operating power to vacuum pole-mounted circuit breakers and to power measuring instruments and relay protection devices.

[0051] During operation, when closing the circuit, the moving contact 13 moves upward under the action of the mechanism box 2. Simultaneously, the moving contact 13 moves the conductive part 14 upward. Because the distance between the upper surface of the conductive part 14 and the lower surface of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12 is less than the distance between the lower surface of the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12 and the upper surface of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13, the upper surface of the conductive part 14 will contact the lower surface of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12 first. Even if an arc is generated at this time, it will only act on the surface of the conductive part 14. Only after the conductive part 14 is fully conductive will the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 make contact. At this point, a stable current path has been formed through the conductive part 14, and the current surge at the moment of contact between the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 is significantly reduced, with almost no new arc generated. This process completely avoids surface damage to the stationary contact 12 and moving contact 13 caused by the high temperature of the electric arc, fundamentally solving the problem of arc erosion and significantly extending the service life of the stationary contact 12 and moving contact 13. Since the stationary contact 12 and moving contact 13 are not subject to arc erosion, their surfaces remain flat and clean, maintaining a low contact resistance and allowing current to flow smoothly. Simultaneously, the early conduction of the conductive part 14 avoids the problem of intermittent connection caused by arc damage to the stationary contact 12 and moving contact 13, thus ensuring continuity between them.

[0052] Furthermore, after the upper end face of the conductive part 14 contacts the lower end face of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12, as the moving contact 13 continues to move, the conductive part 14 undergoes elastic deformation along the axial direction, which can buffer the impact force of the moving contact 13, reduce the mechanical collision loss at the moment of contact between the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13, further reduce the physical wear rate of the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13, thereby significantly extending the service life of the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13.

[0053] Thus, through arc transfer and elastic buffering, it is ensured that the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 can form a tight and stable conductive interface every time they make contact, thus ensuring the reliability of circuit conduction.

[0054] In a further embodiment, to avoid bounce wear, a groove 131 is provided on the peripheral sidewall of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13. The groove 131 extends radially and consists of inner and outer parts. The inner part is a hemispherical structure, and the outer part is a cylindrical structure. The inner and outer parts are coaxially arranged and have the same diameter, and the end faces of the inner and outer parts coincide. A first insulating ring 17 is fixedly sleeved on the stationary contact 12. The first insulating ring 17 is located below the second insulating ring 15, and its upper end face coincides with the lower end face of the second insulating ring 15. The lower end face is located below the lower end face of the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12, so that the moving contact 13 can be inserted into the first insulating ring 17, which facilitates the positioning and guidance of the moving contact 13. The outer diameter of the first insulating ring 17 is larger than the outer diameter of the second insulating ring 15, so that the second insulating ring 15 and the first insulating ring 17 form a two-stage stepped structure, which helps to limit the lower limit position of the sliding part 14 on the second insulating ring 15.

[0055] A first slot 171 is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the first insulating ring 17. The first slot 171 extends radially and has a cylindrical structure. A retaining pin 18 is inserted into the first slot 171. The retaining pin 18 extends radially and can slide elastically along the radial direction of the first insulating ring 17. The shape of the retaining pin 18 is the same as the shape of the retaining groove 131. When the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 are in contact, the retaining pin 18 can engage with the retaining groove 131, preventing the moving contact 13 from repeatedly bouncing, thereby avoiding collision damage between the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12. Initially, as Figure 3 As shown, the cylindrical portion of the locking pin 18 is located inside the first slot 171, and the hemispherical portion of the locking pin 18 is located outside the first slot 171. When the moving contact 13 moves upward to contact the locking pin 18, the upper end face of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13 contacts the hemispherical surface of the locking pin 18. As the moving contact 13 continues to move upward, the locking pin 18 can be inserted into the first slot 171 under the pushing of the moving contact 13 to avoid interference.

[0056] To facilitate the elastic sliding of the locking pin 18, a first elastic element is inserted into the first slot 171. The first elastic element is a first compression spring 19. The first compression spring 19 extends radially along the first insulating ring 17 and is connected between the locking pin 18 and the first insulating ring 17. Under the action of the first compression spring 19, the locking pin 18 has a tendency to move inward.

[0057] During the upward movement of the moving contact 13, after the upper end face of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13 abuts against the retaining pin 18, as the moving contact 13 continues to move, the moving contact 13 drives the retaining pin 18 to move outward, simultaneously compressing the first compression spring 19, allowing the moving contact 13 to pass over the retaining pin 18; when the moving contact 13 moves to the slot 131 and corresponds to the retaining pin 18, as the moving contact 13 continues to move, accompanied by the release of the first compression spring 19, the retaining pin 18 gradually inserts into the slot 131; as... Figure 5 As shown, when the upper end face of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13 coincides with the lower end face of the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12, the locking pin 18 and the locking groove 131 form a locking engagement, preventing the moving contact 13 from repeatedly bouncing and avoiding collision damage between the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12.

[0058] In a further embodiment, the bellows serves as a sealing component between the first vacuum chamber 11 and the moving contact 13. It is necessary to maintain the vacuum seal of the chamber when the moving contact 13 slides along the axis. Once it is damaged due to aging, mechanical wear or external impact, it will directly destroy the sealing structure of the first vacuum chamber 11, causing a large amount of outside air to rush into the chamber.

[0059] When air enters the first vacuum chamber 11, it completely alters the internal environment: the original vacuum-based insulation and arc-extinguishing mechanism disappears, replaced by conductive air. When the circuit breaker performs an opening operation and the moving contact 13 separates from the stationary contact 12, an electric field is created in the gap due to the presence of current. Because the dielectric strength of air is much lower than that of a vacuum, this electric field easily exceeds the insulation limit of air, causing it to break down and generate a strong electric arc. Unlike the rapid extinguishing of an electric arc in a vacuum, the air medium provides continuous ionization support for the arc, extending its burning time and increasing its energy, resulting in a strong arc far exceeding normal operating conditions, which can easily lead to multiple safety hazards.

[0060] Based on this, in the vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in the embodiment of the present invention, an insulating sealing cover 110 is provided on the outer sleeve of the conductive part 14. The insulating sealing cover 110 is a tubular structure and can be deformed, and forms a sealed sliding connection with the second insulating ring 15. A second vacuum chamber 111 is formed between the insulating sealing cover 110, the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13. The pressure in the second vacuum chamber 111 and the first vacuum chamber 11 is equal, so as to avoid abnormal deformation of the insulating sealing cover 110 and the conductive part 14 due to pressure difference. The locking pin 18 consists of two parts, an inner part and an outer part. The shape of the inner part of the locking pin 18 is the same as that of the locking groove 131. The outer part of the locking pin 18 is a cylindrical structure with a diameter smaller than that of the inner part of the locking pin 18, and extends outward through the side wall of the first insulating ring 17 to facilitate a stop fit with the insulating sealing cover 110. The inner part and the outer part of the locking pin 18 are coaxially arranged, and the end face of the inner part of the locking pin 18 coincides with the end face of the outer part of the locking pin 18. The first compression spring 19 is sleeved on the outer part of the locking pin 18 during installation.

[0061] With the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 separated, when the first vacuum chamber 11 is connected to the outside, the first vacuum chamber 11 is under positive pressure. Under the action of the pressure difference, as... Figure 7 As shown, the insulating sealing cover 110 retracts and then forms a stop with the locking pin 18, causing the locking pin 18 to move inward. At this time, part of the cylindrical part inside the locking pin 18 is located outside the first slot 171. When the moving contact 13 moves upward to the stop with the locking pin 18, the upper end face of the upper cylindrical part of the moving contact 13 contacts the peripheral wall of the cylindrical part inside the locking pin 18. Under the stop of the peripheral wall of the cylindrical part inside the locking pin 18, the locking pin 18 cannot be inserted into the first slot 171, so that the moving contact 13 cannot continue to move upward to the point where it cannot contact the stationary contact 12 to conduct electricity, thus ensuring safety.

[0062] With the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 conducting, when the first vacuum chamber 11 is connected to the outside, the first vacuum chamber 11 is under positive pressure. Under the action of the pressure difference, as... Figure 8 As shown, the insulating sealing cover 110 retracts and then forms a stop engagement with the locking pin 18, driving the locking pin 18 to move inward, so that the locking pin 18 is fully inserted into the locking groove 131. Under the locking action of the locking groove 131 and the locking pin 18, the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 cannot disengage, ensuring safety.

[0063] In other embodiments, to achieve uniform force distribution, the number of locking pins 18 and locking slots 131 is equal, and there are multiple of each, all arranged circumferentially. Exemplarily, the number of locking pins 18 and locking slots 131 can each be two, and both can be arranged symmetrically circumferentially.

[0064] In other embodiments, to improve the service life of the conductive part 14, the upper end of the conductive part 14 is sealed and slidably sleeved on the second insulating ring 15, and the lower end is sealed and slidably sleeved on the second insulating ring 15; a retaining ring 112 is sleeved on the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13, the retaining ring 112 is located above the third insulating ring 16, and the lower end face of the retaining ring 112 coincides with the upper end face of the third insulating ring 16. The outer diameter of the retaining ring 112 is larger than the outer diameter of the third insulating ring 16, so that the retaining ring 112 and the third insulating ring 16 form a two-stage stepped structure, which facilitates limiting the upper limit position of the sliding of the conductive part 14 on the third insulating ring 16; a second slot 116 is coaxially formed on the lower end face of the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12 and the upper end face of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13. The second slot 116 is a cylindrical structure, each Each of the second slots 116 contains a sensing post 113, which is vertical and coaxial with the stationary contact 12. The inner end of each sensing post 113 has a first wedge surface 1131. Each sensing post 113 can rotate around its own axis. A second elastic element connects each sensing post 113 to the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13. Under the action of the second elastic element, the sensing post 113 tends to move outward. The second elastic element can be a second compression spring 115. A ring platform 1132 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the sensing post 113. The second compression spring 115 is vertically positioned, sleeved on the sensing post 113, and connected between the ring platform 1132 and the stationary contact 12 / moving contact 13. Under the action of the second compression spring 115, the sensing post 113 can elastically slide along its own axis and tends to move outward. During the upward movement of the moving contact 13, the two sensing posts 113 can form a stop engagement and move inward simultaneously.

[0065] A second sliding groove 117 is provided in the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12, the second insulating ring 15, the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13, and the third insulating ring 16. The second sliding groove 117 is connected to the second slot 116 and together with the second slot 116 forms a T-shaped structure. The second sliding groove 117 is located on the inner side of the second slot 116. A sliding part 114 is slidably inserted in each second sliding groove 117. The sliding part 114 has a cross-shaped structure and has a vertical section and a horizontal section. The vertical section extends into the second sliding groove 117 and has a spherical surface 1141 at its outer end. The spherical surface 1141 can form a guiding fit with the first wedge surface 1131. When the sensing post 113 is inserted into the second slot 116, it can drive the sliding part 114 to slide radially. The sliding part 114 also forms a friction fit with the sidewall of the second sliding groove 117, so that the sliding part 114 is subjected to frictional damping when sliding.

[0066] Each horizontal segment of the sliding part 114 has two stops 118 and two springs 119 fitted at both ends. The springs 119 connect the stops 118 and the vertical segment of the sliding part 114. Under the action of the springs 119, the stops 118 can slide elastically in the radial direction. Each stop 118 has a second wedge surface 1181 and a third wedge surface 1182. The slopes of the second wedge surface 1181 and the third wedge surface 1182 are different, and both can form a stop engagement with the conductive part 14. For the stop 118 on the left side of the moving contact 13, its second wedge surface 1181 is located above the third wedge surface 1182, and is simultaneously tilted upward and to the right, with a greater slope than the third wedge surface 1182. The third wedge surface 1182 is simultaneously tilted downward and to the right. For the stop 118 on the right side of the moving contact 13, its second wedge surface 1181 is located below the third wedge surface 1182, and is simultaneously tilted upward and to the right, with a greater slope than the third wedge surface 1182. The third wedge surface 1182 is simultaneously tilted downward and to the right, ensuring that the two stops 118 on the same sliding part 114 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the sliding part 114. The installation of the stop 118 on the stationary contact 12 and the stop 118 on the moving contact 13 is consistent, ensuring that the second wedge surface 1181 of the stop 118 on the same left side of different sliding parts 114 is located on the upper side, and the second wedge surface 1181 of the stop 118 on the same right side of different sliding parts 114 is located on the lower side.

[0067] The vacuum column circuit breaker also includes a rotating assembly 120, which is configured to rotate the sensing column 113 by 180 degrees during the separation of the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13, so as to switch the orientation of the first wedge surface 1131.

[0068] Initially, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first wedge surface 1131 of the sensing post 113 on the stationary contact 12 is inclined downwards and to the right, and the first wedge surface 1131 of the sensing post 113 on the moving contact 13 is inclined upwards and to the right. The stop block 118 on the left side of the stationary contact 12 extends out of the second slide groove 117 with the second wedge surface 1181 on top, and the stop block 118 on the right side of the stationary contact 12 retracts into the second slide groove 117. The stop block 118 on the left side of the moving contact 13 extends out of the second slide groove 117 with the second wedge surface 1181 on top, and the stop block 118 on the right side of the moving contact 13 retracts into the second slide groove 117. The lower end of the conductive part 14 is located between the stop block 118 on the left side of the moving contact 13 and the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13, and is held by the two, so that the lower end surface of the conductive part 14 and the moving contact 13 can conduct electricity.

[0069] As the moving contact 13 moves upward, it simultaneously drives the conductive part 14 and the insulating sealing cover 110 to move upward. When the insulating sealing cover 110 contacts the third wedge surface 1182 of the stop block 118 on the left side of the stationary contact 12, as the insulating sealing cover 110 continues to move upward, under the pushing force of the upper end of the insulating sealing cover 110, the stop block 118 on the left side of the stationary contact 12 moves inward, simultaneously compressing the spring 119 on the same side, causing the upper part of the insulating sealing cover 110 to... The upper end of the insulating cover 110 can pass the stop 118 on the left side of the stationary contact 12. At this time, the sliding part 114 on the stationary contact 12 will not move due to frictional damping. When the upper end of the insulating cover 110 passes the stop 118 on the left side of the stationary contact 12, the compressed spring 119 is released, which simultaneously drives the stop 118 on the left side of the stationary contact 12 to reset. The insulating cover 110 continues to move upward until the upper end face of the conductive part 14 contacts and conducts electricity with the lower end face of the middle cylinder of the stationary contact 12.

[0070] As the moving contact 13 continues to move upward, the lower end face of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12 and the upper end face of the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13 approach each other. Under the stop of the lower end face of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12 and the upper end face of the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13, the conductive part 14 and the insulating sealing cover 110 undergo axial elastic deformation, which helps to reduce the bounce amplitude of the moving contact 13. When the upper end face of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13 abuts against the locking pin 18, as the moving contact 13 continues to move upward... As contact 13 continues to move upward, the moving contact 13 drives the locking pin 18 to move outward, simultaneously compressing the first compression spring 19, allowing the moving contact 13 to pass over the locking pin 18; the two sensing posts 113 then stop and move inward, simultaneously compressing the second compression spring 115; when the moving contact 13 moves to the slot 131 and corresponds to the locking pin 18, as the moving contact 13 continues to move upward, accompanied by the release of the first compression spring 19, the locking pin 18 gradually inserts into the slot 131; as... Figure 5 As shown, when the upper end face of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13 coincides with the lower end face of the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12, the locking pin 18 and the locking groove 131 form a locking engagement, preventing the moving contact 13 from repeatedly bouncing and avoiding collision damage between the moving contact 13 and the stationary contact 12. At the same time, the sensing column 113 is inserted inward to the limit position, and its outer end face coincides with the lower end face of the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12.

[0071] During the inward insertion of the sensing post 113, after the first wedge surface 1131 contacts the spherical surface 1141, as the sensing post 113 continues to move inward, the sliding part 114 moves to the right under the pushing force of the first wedge surface 1131, synchronously through the deformation of the spring 119, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the left-side stop 118 is retracted into the second slide groove 117, and the right-side stop 118 is extended out of the second slide groove 117.

[0072] As the moving contact 13 moves downward, the second compression spring 115 is released, causing the sensing column 113 to reset. The lower end face of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12 and the upper end face of the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13 move away from each other. Under the elastic action of the conductive part 14, the conductive part 14 and the insulating sealing cover 110 are elastically reset along the axial direction. When the conductive part 14 and the insulating sealing cover 110 are fully reset, the upper end of the insulating sealing cover 110 contacts the third wedge surface 1182 of the stop block 118 on the right side of the stationary contact 12, and the lower end of the insulating sealing cover 110 contacts the second wedge surface 1181 of the stop block 118 on the right side of the moving contact 13. Since the slope of the second wedge surface 1181 is greater than that of the third wedge surface 1182, the lower end of the insulating sealing cover 110 is easier to move than the upper end.

[0073] As the moving contact 13 continues to move downward, under the clamping of the stop 118 on the right side of the stationary contact 12 and the middle cylinder of the stationary contact 12, the upper end of the insulating sealing cover 110 remains stationary and maintains a conductive state with the stationary contact 12, while the lower end moves upward relative to the moving contact 13, causing it to disengage from the moving contact 13 and conduct. This also causes the stop 118 on the right side of the moving contact 13 to move inward, simultaneously compressing the spring 119 on the same side. This allows the lower end of the insulating sealing cover 110 to pass over the stop 118 on the right side of the moving contact 13. At this time, the sliding part 114 on the moving contact 13 will not move due to frictional damping. After the lower end of the insulating sealing cover 110 passes over the stop 118 on the right side of the moving contact 13, the compressed spring 119 is released, simultaneously causing the stop 118 on the right side of the moving contact 13 to reset. Figure 6 As shown, the moving contact 13 then moves downward to the reset position. At the same time, the rotating assembly 120 drives the sensing post 113 to rotate 180 degrees, so that the first wedge surface 1131 of the sensing post 113 on the stationary contact 12 tilts downward and to the left at the same time, and the first wedge surface 1131 of the sensing post 113 on the moving contact 13 tilts upward and to the left at the same time.

[0074] As the moving contact 13 moves upward again, the lower end face of the conductive part 14 contacts and conducts electricity with the moving contact 13, thereby changing the position where the electric arc is generated; and under the pushing of the first wedge surface 1131, the sliding part 114 moves to the left, and simultaneously, through the deformation of the spring 119, it drives the left stop 118 to extend out of the second slide groove 117, and drives the right stop 118 to retract into the second slide groove 117, so as to return to the original position. Figure 3 The initial state shown facilitates preparation for the next switching of the arc's location.

[0075] This allows the position of the electric arc to switch back and forth between the conductive part 14 and the stationary contact 12, and between the conductive part 14 and the moving contact 13, which helps to extend the service life of the conductive part 14.

[0076] Specifically, the rotating assembly 120 is configured to include sliding protrusions and fixed sleeves 1201. Two sliding protrusions (not shown) are provided on the peripheral sidewall of each sensing post 113, and the two sliding protrusions on the same sensing post 113 are symmetrically arranged circumferentially. A fixed sleeve 1201 is fixedly inserted into each second slot 116, and the sensing post 113 is simultaneously movably sleeved within the fixed sleeve 1201. Two first sliding grooves 12011 are provided on the inner peripheral wall of each fixed sleeve 1201. The first sliding grooves 12011 extend in a direction parallel to the axis of the fixed sleeve 1201, and the two first sliding grooves 12011 on the same fixed sleeve 1201 are symmetrically arranged circumferentially. The sliding protrusions can slide... The movable sleeve is inserted into the first slide groove 12011; the inner end face of each fixed sleeve 1201 has two spiral inclined surfaces 12012. The two spiral inclined surfaces 12012 on the same fixed sleeve 1201 are centrally symmetrically arranged. The same spiral inclined surface 12012 is simultaneously connected to two first slide grooves 12011, and a one-way elastic block 1202 is provided at the connection point. The one-way elastic block 1202 located at the lower point can only swing downward around its own left end in one direction, which is convenient to prevent the sliding protrusion from returning to the first slide groove 12011. The one-way elastic block 1202 located at the higher point can only swing to the left around its own lower end in one direction, which is convenient to prevent the sliding protrusion from leaving the first slide groove 12011.

[0077] Initially, the sliding protrusion is inserted into the first sliding groove 12011.

[0078] Taking the sensing post 113 located on the moving contact 13 as an example, during the downward insertion of the sensing post 113, the sliding protrusion slides downward along the first sliding groove 12011 in sync; when the sliding protrusion slides to contact the one-way elastic block 1202 located at the low point, as the sensing post 113 continues to be inserted downward, under the stop of the sliding protrusion, the one-way elastic block 1202 located at the low point swings downward around its own left end until the sliding protrusion disengages from the first sliding groove 12011, and the one-way elastic block 1202 located at the low point then resets under its own elastic action.

[0079] As the sensing column 113 extends upward, when the sliding convex slides to contact the one-way elastic block 1202 located at the low point, since the one-way elastic block 1202 located at the low point can only open downward in one direction, the sliding convex slides upward along the spiral inclined surface 12012 under the guidance of the spiral inclined surface 12012, and the sensing column 113 rotates at the same time; when the sliding convex slides to contact the one-way elastic block 1202 located at the high point, under the pushing of the sliding convex, the one-way elastic block 1202 located at the high point swings to the left around its own lower end until the sliding convex enters the first sliding groove 12011, and the one-way elastic block 1202 located at the high point then resets under its own elastic action. At this time, the sensing column 113 rotates a total of 180 degrees.

[0080] In other embodiments, the conductive part 14 can also be configured during installation with its upper end fixedly sleeved on the second insulating ring 15, and its upper end face overlapping and conducting with the lower end face of the intermediate cylinder of the stationary contact 12, while its lower end is slidably sleeved on the third insulating ring 16. Initially, the lower end face of the conductive part 14 and the upper end face of the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13 are spaced apart; the distance between the lower end face of the conductive part 14 and the upper end face of the intermediate cylinder of the moving contact 13 is less than the distance between the lower end face of the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12 and the upper end face of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13, ensuring that the conductive part 14 can conduct with the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 before the stationary contact 12 and the moving contact 13 conduct.

[0081] In a further embodiment, the slot 131 is disposed on the peripheral sidewall of the lower cylinder of the stationary contact 12; the pin 18 is disposed in the peripheral sidewall of the upper cylinder of the moving contact 13.

[0082] In other embodiments, the conductive portion 14 may also be configured as a strip structure and extend in the vertical direction.

[0083] In other embodiments, the conductive part 14 may also be configured as an arc-shaped sheet structure and vertically arranged.

[0084] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0085] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker, characterized in that, Vacuum pole-mounted circuit breakers include a vacuum interrupter and a mechanism box; The vacuum interrupter chamber contains a first vacuum chamber, in which a stationary contact and a moving contact are inserted. Under the action of the mechanism box, the moving contact can move closer to or further away from the stationary contact and is configured to be in contact with the stationary contact. A conductive part is provided between the stationary contact and the moving contact. The conductive part can undergo elastic deformation and can form a stop engagement with the stationary contact or the moving contact. It is configured to be in contact with the stationary contact and the moving contact before the stationary contact and the moving contact are in contact. A slot is provided on the side wall of one of the stationary contact and the moving contact, and a first insulating ring is fixedly sleeved on the other. A locking pin is inserted into the side wall of the first insulating ring. The locking pin can slide elastically along the radial direction of the first insulating ring and can engage with the slot when the stationary contact and the moving contact are in contact. The conductive part is covered with an insulating sealing cover. A second vacuum chamber is formed between the insulating sealing cover, the stationary contact and the moving contact. The pressure in the second vacuum chamber is equal to that in the first vacuum chamber. The insulating sealing cover can be deformed and can also form a stop with the locking pin. Both the stationary and moving contacts are fitted with sensing posts and sliding parts. The inner end of the sensing post has a first wedge surface. The sensing post can slide elastically along its own axis and rotate around its own axis. The two sensing posts can form a stop fit. It also includes a rotating assembly configured to drive the sensing column to rotate 180 degrees during the separation of the stationary contact and the moving contact, so as to switch the orientation of the first wedge surface; the sliding part can slide radially and has a spherical surface, which can form a guiding fit with the first wedge surface; each sliding part is fitted with two stops, which can slide radially elastically, and the two stops on the same sliding part are symmetrically arranged about the center of the sliding part. Each stop has a second wedge surface and a third wedge surface, the slopes of the second wedge surface and the third wedge surface are different, and both can form a stop fit with the conductive part. The second wedge surfaces of the stops on the same side of different sliding parts are on the same side. The rotating assembly includes sliding protrusions and fixed sleeves. Each sensing post has two sliding protrusions on its peripheral sidewall, and the two sliding protrusions on the same sensing post are symmetrically arranged circumferentially. Each sensing post is fitted with a fixed sleeve, which is fixedly connected to a stationary or moving contact. Each fixed sleeve has two first sliding grooves on its inner peripheral wall, which extend in a direction parallel to the axis of the fixed sleeve. The two first sliding grooves on the same fixed sleeve are symmetrically arranged circumferentially, and the sliding protrusions can be slidably inserted into the first sliding grooves. Each fixed sleeve has two helical inclined surfaces on its inner end face, which are symmetrically arranged at the center. The same helical inclined surface communicates with both first sliding grooves, and a one-way elastic block is provided at each communication point. The one-way elastic block at the lower point is configured to prevent the sliding protrusion from returning to the first sliding groove, and the one-way elastic block at the higher point is configured to prevent the sliding protrusion from detaching from the first sliding groove.

2. The vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first elastic element connects the locking pin and the stationary or moving contact. Under the action of the first elastic element, the locking pin tends to move inward.

3. The vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first elastic element is the first compression spring.

4. The vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of pins and slots is equal, and there are multiple of each, all arranged circumferentially.

5. The vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each sensing post is connected to a second elastic element between itself and the stationary and moving contacts. Under the action of the second elastic element, the sensing post tends to move outward.

6. The vacuum pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive part has a cage-like structure.

Images