Grinding device, grinding method and intelligent grinding process of steam turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses a grinding device, a grinding method and an intelligent grinding process of a steam turbine, and relates to the field of grinding equipment. The circular clamping unit composed of the multiple clamping blocks is used for conducting auxiliary clamping and positioning on the workpiece, the stability of the workpiece in the rotating grinding process is improved, polarization and bending deformation of the workpiece in the rotating process are prevented, and the grinding precision of the workpiece is advantageously improved; during auxiliary clamping and positioning, the radius of the circular clamping unit can be telescopically adjusted through the circular telescopic assembly, so that workpieces with different diameters can be conveniently clamped and positioned; the circular telescopic assembly and the circular clamping unit are both mounted on the sliding seat, so that when the translation driving assembly drives the sliding seat to drive the grinding assembly to move and grind the rotating workpiece, the sliding seat drives the circular clamping unit to synchronously move along with the grinding assembly; and the circular clamping unit is used for carrying out auxiliary clamping and positioning on the part near the grinding position of the workpiece, so that the stability of the grinding position of the workpiece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grinding equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a grinding device, a grinding method, and an intelligent grinding process for steam turbines. Background Technology

[0002] Grinding equipment refers to devices that use abrasives or grinding tools (such as grinding wheels, abrasive belts, oilstones, etc.) to precisely machine the surface of a workpiece to obtain high precision and low surface roughness. Its core is to perform micro-cutting on the workpiece through a large number of tiny, hard abrasive grains.

[0003] When grinding shaft-type parts, positioning equipment is often used to clamp or abut the two ends of the shaft for positioning, and then the part is driven to rotate to facilitate comprehensive grinding of the part surface. However, during the rotational grinding process, shaft-type parts are prone to polarization or bending deformation due to rotation, which will reduce the grinding accuracy of the part. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems in related technologies, the present invention proposes a grinding device, a grinding method, and an intelligent grinding process for steam turbines to overcome the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention relates to a grinding device, comprising a cabinet, inside which a rotary positioning mechanism, a grinding mechanism, and a support slide rail are installed. The rotary positioning mechanism can clamp and position the workpiece to be ground and drive the clamped workpiece to move. The grinding mechanism includes a translation drive component, a grinding component, and a sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably mounted on the support slide rail, and the grinding component is mounted on the sliding seat. The translation drive component can drive the sliding seat to reciprocate along the axis of the workpiece, so that the sliding seat can drive the grinding component to perform grinding processing on the rotating workpiece along the axis of the workpiece.

[0007] An auxiliary positioning mechanism is also installed on the sliding seat. The auxiliary positioning mechanism includes a circular telescopic component and multiple clamping blocks. The circular telescopic component is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat. The multiple clamping blocks are circumferentially distributed and installed on the inner circle of the circular telescopic component to form a circular clamping unit. The circular telescopic component can drive the multiple clamping blocks to telescopically move along the radial direction of the circular clamping unit to adjust the radius of the circular clamping unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotary positioning mechanism includes a rotary drive shaft and a rotary drive motor. The rotary drive shaft is rotatably mounted inside the cabinet. A positioning gripper is fixedly mounted at one end of the rotary drive shaft, and a driven wheel is fixedly mounted at the other end of the rotary drive shaft. The rotary drive motor is fixedly mounted inside the cabinet, and a transmission wheel is fixedly mounted at the output end of the rotary drive motor. The transmission wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a transmission belt.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotary positioning mechanism also includes a mounting base and a sliding adjustment unit. The mounting base is slidably mounted on the support slide rail, and a positioning rod is rotatably mounted on the mounting base. The sliding adjustment unit can drive the mounting base to slide back and forth along the support slide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, the sliding adjustment unit includes a connecting plate and a positioning motor. The positioning motor is fixedly installed inside the cabinet, and the output end of the positioning motor is driven by a positioning screw. The connecting plate is fixedly installed on the mounting base, and a threaded sleeve is fixedly installed on the connecting plate. The threaded sleeve is threadedly driven onto the positioning screw.

[0011] Furthermore, the translation drive assembly includes a connecting block and a translation drive motor. The connecting block is fixedly installed on the sliding seat, and a lead screw sleeve is fixedly installed on the connecting block. The translation drive motor is fixedly installed inside the cabinet, and the output end of the translation drive motor is drivenly connected to an adjusting lead screw. The lead screw sleeve is threadedly installed on the adjusting lead screw.

[0012] Furthermore, the grinding assembly includes a telescopic cylinder and a motor base. The motor base is slidably mounted on a sliding seat, and a grinding motor is fixedly mounted on the motor base. A grinding wheel is fixedly mounted on the output end of the grinding motor. The telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the sliding seat, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the motor base.

[0013] Furthermore, the circular telescopic component includes a support, which is fixedly installed on a sliding seat. A positioning disk is rotatably installed on one side of the support. Both the support and the positioning disk are provided with through holes coaxially arranged with the clamping and positioning position of the rotary positioning mechanism. A circular cross linkage structure and a positioning cylinder are installed on one side of the positioning disk. Multiple clamping blocks are respectively installed on the cross fulcrum of the inner ring of the circular cross linkage structure. The positioning cylinder can drive the circular cross linkage structure to move outward or inward along the radial direction of the positioning disk to retract, so that the circular cross linkage structure drives multiple clamping blocks to move outward synchronously or inward synchronously along the radial direction of the positioning disk to retract.

[0014] Furthermore, the circular cross-link structure includes multiple connecting rods, multiple connecting shafts, multiple guide shafts, and multiple guide grooves. The multiple connecting rods are divided into several groups of four. Within each group, the four connecting rods are connected end to end by connecting shafts to form a quadrilateral structure. The multiple quadrilateral structures are connected end to end to form a circular cross-link structure. A clamping block is rotatably installed at the inner intersection of each quadrilateral structure, and a slider is rotatably installed at the outer intersection of each quadrilateral structure.

[0015] Multiple guide shafts are circumferentially distributed and fixedly installed on one side of the positioning disk, and each guide shaft is arranged radially along the positioning disk. Multiple sliders are slidably installed on the corresponding guide shafts. Multiple guide grooves are circumferentially distributed on one side of the positioning disk, and each guide groove is arranged radially along the positioning disk. The ends of the connecting shafts on the connecting fulcrums of adjacent quadrilateral structures are slidably engaged in the corresponding guide grooves.

[0016] A grinding method, characterized by the following specific steps:

[0017] The workpiece to be ground is passed through the inner ring of the circular clamping unit and clamped onto the rotary positioning mechanism. Then, the circular telescopic component drives multiple clamping blocks to move and retract radially inward along the circular clamping unit to adjust and reduce the radius of the circular clamping unit. This allows the multiple clamping blocks within the circular clamping unit to synchronously slide and clamp onto the circumferential surface of the workpiece. Subsequently, the rotary positioning mechanism drives the workpiece to rotate, and the translation drive component drives the sliding seat to move parallel along the axis of the workpiece. This allows the sliding seat to drive the grinding component to perform grinding on the rotating workpiece along the axis of the workpiece. At the same time, the sliding seat drives the clamping blocks to move synchronously with the grinding component, allowing the clamping blocks to assist in clamping and positioning the workpiece at the grinding position.

[0018] A smart grinding process for a steam turbine, using the above-mentioned grinding method, is used to grind the main shaft of the steam turbine.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. In this invention, when grinding a workpiece, a circular clamping unit composed of multiple clamping blocks can be used to assist in clamping and positioning the workpiece, improving the stability of the workpiece during rotary grinding, preventing polarization and bending deformation during workpiece rotation, and thus improving the grinding accuracy of the workpiece. Furthermore, during the auxiliary clamping and positioning, multiple clamping blocks can be driven to move radially along the circular clamping unit through a circular telescopic component to adjust the radius of the circular clamping unit, thereby facilitating the clamping and positioning of workpieces of different diameters, improving the applicability of the equipment, and also allowing for adjustment and enlargement of the diameter of the circular clamping unit during workpiece loading and unloading to facilitate workpiece loading and unloading.

[0021] 2. In this invention, both the circular telescopic component and the circular clamping unit are mounted on the sliding seat. When the translation drive component drives the sliding seat to move parallel to the workpiece axis, so that the sliding seat drives the grinding component to perform grinding on the rotating workpiece along the workpiece axis, the sliding seat drives the circular clamping unit to move synchronously with the grinding component, so that the circular clamping unit performs auxiliary clamping and positioning on the workpiece near the grinding position, thereby improving the stability of the workpiece grinding position and further improving the workpiece grinding accuracy.

[0022] 3. In this invention, when the circular telescopic component is working, the circular cross linkage structure is driven by the positioning cylinder to move outward or inward along the radial direction of the positioning disk to extend or retract. This causes the circular cross linkage structure to drive multiple clamping blocks to move outward or retract synchronously along the radial direction of the positioning disk, thereby adjusting the diameter of the circular clamping unit. The cooperation between the positioning cylinder and the circular cross linkage can simultaneously drive multiple clamping blocks to perform synchronous telescopic adjustment without the need for multiple drive sources to drive each clamping block individually. This makes the telescopic driving of the clamping blocks more convenient and helps to improve the synchronicity of the telescopic movement of multiple clamping blocks, thereby improving the stability of the circular clamping unit's clamping and positioning.

[0023] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, the drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the grinding device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grinding device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is the third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grinding device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is the fourth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grinding device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0031] Figure 7 This is the fifth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the grinding device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C;

[0033] Figure 9 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the auxiliary positioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary positioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point E;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a front structural diagram of the cross linkage assembly of the present invention.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Cabinet; 2. Rotary positioning mechanism; 21. Rotary drive shaft; 22. Positioning gripper; 23. Positioning rod; 24. Positioning screw; 25. Connecting plate; 26. Mounting base; 27. Threaded sleeve; 28. Positioning motor; 29. ​​Rotary drive motor; 210. Transmission wheel; 211. Driven wheel; 212. Transmission belt; 3. Grinding mechanism; 31. Sliding seat; 32. Grinding motor; 33. Grinding wheel; 34. Adjusting screw; 35. Connector 36. Screw sleeve; 37. Translation drive motor; 38. Telescopic cylinder; 39. Motor base; 4. Support slide rail; 5. Auxiliary positioning mechanism; 51. Support; 52. Positioning plate; 53. Connecting rod; 54. Connecting shaft; 55. Guide shaft; 56. Slider; 57. Clamping block; 58. Guide groove; 59. Positioning cylinder; 510. Retraction drive duct; 511. Extension drive duct; 512. Solenoid valve; 513. Air guide ring; 514. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "top", "middle", "inner", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment discloses a grinding device, including a cabinet 1. Inside the cabinet 1 are installed a rotary positioning mechanism 2, a grinding mechanism 3, and a support slide rail 4. The rotary positioning mechanism 2 can clamp and position the workpiece to be ground and drive the clamped workpiece to move. The grinding mechanism 3 includes a translation drive component, a grinding component, and a sliding seat 31. The sliding seat 31 is slidably mounted on the support slide rail 4, and the grinding component is mounted on the sliding seat 31. The translation drive component can drive the sliding seat 31 to reciprocate along the axis of the workpiece, so that the sliding seat 31 can drive the grinding component to perform grinding processing on the rotating workpiece along the axis of the workpiece. An auxiliary positioning mechanism 5 is also installed on the sliding seat 31. The auxiliary positioning mechanism 5 includes a circular telescopic component and multiple clamping blocks 57. The circular telescopic component is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat 31, and the multiple clamping blocks 57 are circumferentially distributed and installed in the inner circle of the circular telescopic component to form a circular clamping unit. The circular telescopic component can drive the multiple clamping blocks 57 to move radially and telescopically along the circular clamping unit to adjust the radius of the circular clamping unit.

[0043] When the grinding device is working, the workpiece to be ground is clamped onto the rotary positioning mechanism 2 through the inner ring of the circular clamping unit. Then, the circular telescopic component drives multiple clamping blocks 57 to move and retract radially inward along the circular clamping unit to adjust and reduce the radius of the circular clamping unit. This allows the multiple clamping blocks 57 in the circular clamping unit to synchronously slide and clamp the workpiece on the circumferential surface. Afterward, the rotary positioning mechanism 2 drives the workpiece to rotate, and the translation drive component drives the sliding seat 31 to move parallel along the axis of the workpiece. This allows the sliding seat 31 to drive the grinding component to perform grinding on the rotating workpiece along the axis of the workpiece. At the same time, the sliding seat 31 drives the clamping blocks 57 to move synchronously with the grinding component, so that the clamping blocks 57 can assist in clamping and positioning the workpiece at the grinding position.

[0044] The circular clamping unit, composed of multiple clamping blocks 57, assists in clamping and positioning the workpiece, improving its stability during rotary grinding and preventing polarization and bending deformation during rotation, thus enhancing grinding accuracy. Furthermore, the radius of the circular clamping unit can be adjusted via a circular telescopic component during auxiliary clamping and positioning, facilitating clamping and positioning of workpieces of different diameters and improving equipment applicability. The diameter of the circular clamping unit can also be increased during workpiece loading and unloading. By mounting both the circular telescopic component and the circular clamping unit on the sliding base 31, when the translation drive component drives the sliding base 31 to move the grinding component and perform grinding on the rotating workpiece, the sliding base 31 moves the circular clamping unit synchronously with the grinding component. This allows the circular clamping unit to provide auxiliary clamping and positioning near the workpiece's grinding position, improving the stability of the grinding position and further enhancing grinding accuracy.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Please see Figures 1-4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the rotary positioning mechanism 2 includes a rotary drive shaft 21 and a rotary drive motor 29. The rotary drive shaft 21 is rotatably mounted inside the cabinet 1. A positioning gripper 22 is fixedly mounted at one end of the rotary drive shaft 21, and a driven wheel 211 is fixedly mounted at the other end of the rotary drive shaft 21. The rotary drive motor 29 is fixedly mounted inside the cabinet 1, and a transmission wheel 210 is fixedly mounted at the output end of the rotary drive motor 29. The transmission wheel 210 and the driven wheel 211 are connected by a transmission belt 212.

[0047] The rotary positioning mechanism 2 also includes a mounting base 26 and a sliding adjustment unit. The mounting base 26 is slidably mounted on the support slide rail 4. A positioning rod 23 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 26. The sliding adjustment unit can drive the mounting base 26 to slide back and forth along the support slide rail 4. The sliding adjustment unit includes a connecting plate 25 and a positioning motor 28. The positioning motor 28 is fixedly mounted inside the cabinet 1. The output end of the positioning motor 28 is driven by a positioning screw 24. The connecting plate 25 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 26. A threaded sleeve 27 is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 25. The threaded sleeve 27 is threadedly driven by the positioning screw 24.

[0048] When loading and rotating the workpiece, one end of the workpiece is first passed through the inner ring of the circular clamping unit and clamped and fixed by the positioning jaw 22. Then, the positioning motor 28 drives the positioning screw 24 to rotate, so that the positioning screw 24 drives the threaded sleeve 27 to move towards the positioning jaw 22 through the threaded transmission. At this time, the threaded sleeve 27 drives the mounting base 26 and the positioning rod 23 to move along the support slide rail 4 towards the positioning jaw 22 through the connecting plate 25 until the positioning rod 23 abuts against the other end of the workpiece, and cooperates with the positioning jaw 22 to simultaneously position both ends of the workpiece. Then, the rotation drive motor 29 drives the transmission wheel 210 to rotate. The transmission wheel 210 drives the rotation drive shaft 21 and the positioning jaw 22 to rotate through the transmission belt 212 and the driven wheel 211. This causes the positioning jaw 22 to drive the workpiece to rotate, and then the grinding mechanism 3 grinds the rotating workpiece.

[0049] The positioning rod 23 and the positioning jaw 22 work together to position both ends of the workpiece simultaneously, which can improve the stability of the workpiece during rotary grinding, thereby improving the grinding accuracy of the workpiece. When loading and unloading the workpiece, the positioning motor 28 and the positioning screw 24 work together to drive the positioning rod 23 to move away from the positioning jaw 22, so that there is a sufficient gap between the positioning rod 23 and the positioning jaw 22 to facilitate the loading and unloading of the workpiece.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] Please see Figures 1-6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that the translation drive assembly includes a connecting block 35 and a translation drive motor 37. The connecting block 35 is fixedly installed on the sliding seat 31, and a lead screw sleeve 36 is fixedly installed on the connecting block 35. The translation drive motor 37 is fixedly installed inside the cabinet 1, and the output end of the translation drive motor 37 is drivenly connected to an adjusting lead screw 34. The lead screw sleeve 36 is threadedly installed on the adjusting lead screw 34. The grinding assembly includes a telescopic cylinder 38 and a motor base 39. The motor base 39 is slidably installed on the sliding seat 31, and a grinding motor 32 is fixedly installed on the motor base 39. A grinding wheel 33 is fixedly installed on the output end of the grinding motor 32. The telescopic cylinder 38 is fixedly installed on the sliding seat 31, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 38 is fixedly connected to the motor base 39.

[0052] When grinding a workpiece, the grinding wheel 33 is first driven to rotate by the grinding motor 32. Then, the motor base 39 is driven to move along the sliding seat 31 toward the workpiece by the telescopic cylinder 38. This causes the motor base 39 to drive the grinding motor 32 and the grinding wheel 33 to move closer to the workpiece until the grinding wheel 33 is tangential to the workpiece and grinding begins. Afterward, the adjusting screw 34 is driven to rotate by the translational drive motor 37. This causes the adjusting screw 34 to drive the screw sleeve 36 to move parallel along the adjusting screw 34 through the threaded transmission. This causes the screw sleeve 36 to drive the sliding seat 31, the motor base 39, the grinding motor 32, and the grinding wheel 33 to move along the axis of the workpiece through the connecting block 35, thus performing a full grinding process on the surface of the workpiece.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] Please see Figures 7-13 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the circular telescopic component includes a support 51, which is fixedly installed on the sliding seat 31. A positioning disk 52 is rotatably installed on one side of the support 51. Both the support 51 and the positioning disk 52 are provided with through holes that are coaxially arranged with the clamping and positioning position of the rotary positioning mechanism 2. A circular cross linkage structure and a positioning cylinder 59 are installed on one side of the positioning disk 52. Multiple clamping blocks 57 are respectively installed on the cross fulcrum of the inner ring of the circular cross linkage structure. The positioning cylinder 59 can drive the circular cross linkage structure to move outward or inward along the radial direction of the positioning disk 52 to extend or retract, so that the circular cross linkage structure drives the multiple clamping blocks 57 to move outward or retract synchronously along the radial direction of the positioning disk 52.

[0055] The system utilizes a combination of positioning cylinder 59 and circular cross linkage to simultaneously drive multiple clamping blocks 57 for synchronized telescopic adjustment, eliminating the need for multiple drive sources to individually drive each clamping block 57. This makes the telescopic driving of the clamping blocks 57 more convenient and improves the synchronicity of the telescopic movement of multiple clamping blocks 57, thereby enhancing the stability of the circular clamping unit's clamping and positioning. Furthermore, the positioning disk 52 is rotatably mounted on the support 51. When the clamping blocks 57 slide and clamp the workpiece, the frictional resistance between the clamping blocks 57 and the workpiece is greater than the frictional resistance between the positioning disk 52 and the support 51. This ensures that when the workpiece is being rotated for grinding, it can drive the clamping blocks 57 and the positioning disk 52 to rotate synchronously, without generating rotational friction between the workpiece and the clamping blocks 57. This prevents mutual wear between the workpiece and the clamping blocks 57 due to rapid rotational friction, which is beneficial for improving the workpiece's grinding accuracy and the service life of the clamping blocks 57.

[0056] Furthermore, the circular cross linkage structure includes multiple connecting rods 53, multiple connecting shafts 54, multiple guide shafts 55, and multiple guide grooves 58. The multiple connecting rods 53 are divided into several groups of four. The four connecting rods 53 in each group are connected end to end through the connecting shafts 54 to form a quadrilateral structure. The multiple quadrilateral structures are connected end to end to form a circular cross linkage structure. A clamping block 57 is rotatably installed on the inner intersection of each quadrilateral structure, and a slider 56 is rotatably installed on the outer intersection of each quadrilateral structure.

[0057] Multiple guide shafts 55 are circumferentially distributed and fixedly installed on one side of the positioning disk 52, and each guide shaft 55 is arranged radially along the positioning disk 52. Multiple sliders 56 are slidably installed on the corresponding guide shafts 55. Multiple guide grooves 58 are circumferentially distributed on one side of the positioning disk 52, and each guide groove 58 is arranged radially along the positioning disk 52. The ends of the connecting shafts 54 on the connecting fulcrums of adjacent quadrilateral structures are slidably engaged in the corresponding guide grooves 58.

[0058] The telescopic end of the positioning cylinder 59 is fixedly connected to one of the sliders 56. When the clamping block 57 is adjusted by telescopic movement, the telescopic movement of the positioning cylinder 59 drives the slider 56 to slide along the guide shaft 55, thereby driving the circular cross linkage structure to move telescopically. The circular cross linkage structure then drives multiple clamping blocks 57 to move telescopically and synchronously. Specifically, when it is necessary to drive the clamping block 57 to move inward and close, the positioning cylinder 59 extends and drives the slider 56 at its telescopic end to move along the guide shaft 55 toward the center of the positioning disk 52. At this time, the slider 56 drives the corresponding quadrilateral structure to move toward the center of the positioning disk 52. At the same time, the quadrilateral structure extends and unfolds along the radial direction of the positioning disk 52 under the limiting and guiding action of the connecting shafts 54 on both sides and the guide groove 58, and drives the other quadrilateral structures connected to each other to move and unfold synchronously. This allows each quadrilateral structure to move inward synchronously and unfold radially, thereby driving multiple clamping blocks 57 to move inward synchronously and close, clamping the workpiece.

[0059] Correspondingly, when it is necessary to drive the clamping block 57 to move outward and unfold, the positioning cylinder 59 retracts and drives the slider 56 at its telescopic end to move along the guide shaft 55 to the outside of the positioning disk 52. At this time, the slider 56 drives the corresponding quadrilateral structure to move outward of the positioning disk 52. At the same time, under the limiting and guiding action of the connecting shafts 54 on both sides and the guide groove 58, the quadrilateral structure retracts and closes along the radial direction of the positioning disk 52, and drives the other quadrilateral structures connected to each other to move and retract synchronously, so that each quadrilateral structure moves outward synchronously and retracts radially, thereby driving multiple clamping blocks 57 to move outward and unfold synchronously, releasing the clamping of the workpiece.

[0060] Furthermore, a guide ring 513 is fixedly installed on the support 51, and a sealing ring 514 is rotatably installed on the outer ring of the guide ring 513. A contraction drive duct 510 and an extension drive duct 511 are connected and installed on the sealing ring 514. The contraction drive duct 510 and the extension drive duct 511 are respectively connected to the contraction drive chamber and the extension drive chamber in the positioning cylinder 59. Solenoid valves 512 are installed on both the contraction drive duct 510 and the extension drive duct 511. Exhaust valves are also connected and installed on both the contraction drive chamber and the extension drive chamber.

[0061] When the clamping block 57 clamps and positions the workpiece, it will drive the positioning disk 52 and the positioning cylinder 59 to rotate synchronously. Through the cooperation of the air guide ring 513, the sealing ring 514, the contraction drive conduit 510 and the extension drive conduit 511, it is convenient to supply air to the rotating positioning cylinder 59 to adjust the extension and retraction of the positioning cylinder 59.

[0062] Specifically, when the positioning cylinder 59 needs to be extended, the solenoid valve 512 on the extension drive conduit 511 opens, and the air guide ring 513 supplies air to the extension drive chamber in the positioning cylinder 59 through the extension drive conduit 511. At the same time, the contraction drive chamber exhausts air through the exhaust valve, thereby causing the positioning cylinder 59 to gradually extend under the pressure difference between the two sides. Correspondingly, when the positioning cylinder 59 needs to be contracted, the solenoid valve 512 on the contraction drive conduit 510 opens, and the air guide ring 513 supplies air to the contraction drive chamber in the positioning cylinder 59 through the contraction drive conduit 510. At the same time, the extension drive chamber exhausts air through the exhaust valve, thereby causing the positioning cylinder 59 to gradually contract under the pressure difference between the two sides.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] This embodiment discloses a grinding method, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0065] The workpiece to be ground is passed through the inner ring of the circular clamping unit and clamped onto the rotary positioning mechanism 2. Then, the circular telescopic component drives multiple clamping blocks 57 to move and retract radially inward along the circular clamping unit to adjust and reduce the radius of the circular clamping unit. This allows the multiple clamping blocks 57 within the circular clamping unit to synchronously slide and clamp onto the circumferential surface of the workpiece. Subsequently, the rotary positioning mechanism 2 drives the workpiece to rotate, and the translation drive component drives the sliding seat 31 to move parallel along the axial direction of the workpiece. This allows the sliding seat 31 to drive the grinding component to perform grinding on the rotating workpiece along the axial direction of the workpiece. At the same time, the sliding seat 31 drives the clamping blocks 57 to move synchronously with the grinding component, so that the clamping blocks 57 provide auxiliary clamping and positioning for the workpiece grinding position.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] This embodiment discloses an intelligent grinding process for a steam turbine. It uses the grinding device and grinding method described in the above embodiment, and also uses a PLC intelligent controller to intelligently control and adjust the grinding device for intelligent grinding of the steam turbine's main shaft.

[0068] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0069] The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A grinding apparatus, comprising a cabinet, characterized in that: The cabinet is equipped with a rotary positioning mechanism, a grinding mechanism, and a support slide rail. The rotary positioning mechanism can clamp and position the workpiece to be ground and drive the clamped workpiece to move. The grinding mechanism includes a translation drive component, a grinding component, and a sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably mounted on the support slide rail, and the grinding component is mounted on the sliding seat. The translation drive component can drive the sliding seat to reciprocate along the axis of the workpiece, so that the sliding seat can drive the grinding component to perform grinding on the rotating workpiece along the axis of the workpiece. An auxiliary positioning mechanism is also installed on the sliding seat. The auxiliary positioning mechanism includes a circular telescopic component and multiple clamping blocks. The circular telescopic component is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat. The multiple clamping blocks are circumferentially distributed and installed on the inner circle of the circular telescopic component to form a circular clamping unit. The circular telescopic component can drive the multiple clamping blocks to telescopically move along the radial direction of the circular clamping unit to adjust the radius of the circular clamping unit.

2. The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary positioning mechanism includes a rotary drive shaft and a rotary drive motor. The rotary drive shaft is rotatably mounted inside the cabinet. A positioning gripper is fixedly mounted at one end of the rotary drive shaft, and a driven wheel is fixedly mounted at the other end of the rotary drive shaft. The rotary drive motor is fixedly mounted inside the cabinet, and a transmission wheel is fixedly mounted at the output end of the rotary drive motor. The transmission wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a transmission belt.

3. The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary positioning mechanism further includes a mounting base and a sliding adjustment unit. The mounting base is slidably mounted on the support slide rail, and a positioning rod is rotatably mounted on the mounting base. The sliding adjustment unit can drive the mounting base to slide back and forth along the support slide rail.

4. A grinding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding adjustment unit includes a connecting plate and a positioning motor. The positioning motor is fixedly installed inside the cabinet. The output end of the positioning motor is driven by a positioning screw. The connecting plate is fixedly installed on the mounting base. A threaded sleeve is fixedly installed on the connecting plate. The threaded sleeve is threadedly driven onto the positioning screw.

5. A grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation drive assembly includes a connecting block and a translation drive motor. The connecting block is fixedly installed on a sliding seat, and a lead screw sleeve is fixedly installed on the connecting block. The translation drive motor is fixedly installed inside the cabinet, and the output end of the translation drive motor is driven by an adjusting lead screw. The lead screw sleeve is threadedly installed on the adjusting lead screw.

6. A grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding assembly includes a telescopic cylinder and a motor base. The motor base is slidably mounted on a sliding seat, and a grinding motor is fixedly mounted on the motor base. A grinding wheel is fixedly mounted on the output end of the grinding motor. The telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the sliding seat, and the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the motor base.

7. A grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular telescopic component includes a support, which is fixedly mounted on a sliding seat. A positioning disk is rotatably mounted on one side of the support. Both the support and the positioning disk are provided with through holes coaxially arranged with the clamping and positioning positions of the rotary positioning mechanism. A circular cross linkage structure and a positioning cylinder are mounted on one side of the positioning disk. Multiple clamping blocks are respectively mounted on the cross fulcrum of the inner ring of the circular cross linkage structure. The positioning cylinder can drive the circular cross linkage structure to move outward or inward along the radial direction of the positioning disk to extend or retract, so that the circular cross linkage structure drives multiple clamping blocks to move outward synchronously or retract synchronously along the radial direction of the positioning disk.

8. A grinding apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The circular cross linkage structure includes multiple connecting rods, multiple connecting shafts, multiple guide shafts, and multiple guide grooves. The multiple connecting rods are divided into several groups of four. The four connecting rods in each group are connected end to end by the connecting shafts to form a quadrilateral structure. The multiple quadrilateral structures are connected end to end to form a circular cross linkage structure. A clamping block is rotatably installed on the inner intersection of each quadrilateral structure, and a slider is rotatably installed on the outer intersection of each quadrilateral structure. Multiple guide shafts are circumferentially distributed and fixedly installed on one side of the positioning disk, and each guide shaft is arranged radially along the positioning disk. Multiple sliders are slidably installed on the corresponding guide shafts. Multiple guide grooves are circumferentially distributed on one side of the positioning disk, and each guide groove is arranged radially along the positioning disk. The ends of the connecting shafts on the connecting fulcrums of adjacent quadrilateral structures are slidably engaged in the corresponding guide grooves.

9. A grinding method using the grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: The workpiece to be ground is passed through the inner ring of the circular clamping unit and clamped onto the rotary positioning mechanism. Then, the circular telescopic component drives multiple clamping blocks to move and retract radially inward along the circular clamping unit to adjust and reduce the radius of the circular clamping unit. This allows the multiple clamping blocks within the circular clamping unit to synchronously slide and clamp onto the circumferential surface of the workpiece. Subsequently, the rotary positioning mechanism drives the workpiece to rotate, and the translation drive component drives the sliding seat to move parallel along the axis of the workpiece. This allows the sliding seat to drive the grinding component to perform grinding on the rotating workpiece along the axis of the workpiece. At the same time, the sliding seat drives the clamping blocks to move synchronously with the grinding component, allowing the clamping blocks to assist in clamping and positioning the workpiece at the grinding position.

10. A smart grinding process for a steam turbine, using the grinding method described in claim 9, for grinding the main shaft of a steam turbine.

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