Low latency data transmission method and system for a bluetooth chip

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of Bluetooth chips, and discloses a low-delay data transmission method and system of a Bluetooth chip. The method introduces an alert sleep mode as an intermediate state between a deep sleep mode and a full-function communication mode, effectively solving the technical problem that the Bluetooth chip in the prior art cannot quickly respond to emergency situations and transmit key data with low delay in the deep sleep mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Bluetooth chip technology, and in particular to a low-latency data transmission method and system for Bluetooth chips. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and next-generation information networks, the demand for real-time interaction in smart wearable devices and wireless audio terminals is increasing. Especially in specific environments such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), sensor nodes typically remain in deep sleep mode for extended periods to achieve ultra-long battery life. However, in emergency situations, such as when environmental parameters suddenly exceed safe ranges, the system needs these sensors to wake up immediately and transmit critical data with extremely low latency. How to maintain ultra-low power consumption while rapidly responding to sudden low-latency data transmission demands has become a significant challenge for current Bluetooth chip technology.

[0003] For example, in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications, a central data aggregation unit communicates with multiple environmental monitoring sensor nodes via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology. These sensor nodes typically wake from deep sleep within a preset, relatively long period to perform environmental parameter acquisition tasks, then transmit data via Bluetooth broadcast packets or establish brief connections before immediately returning to deep sleep. In this conventional, energy-efficient operating mode, the Bluetooth chip's internal communication scheduling mechanism is optimized to support longer connection intervals and lower data transmission rates, ensuring that each sensor node maintains extremely long battery life. In this scenario, the end-to-end latency for data transmission is typically between several hundred milliseconds and one second, which is perfectly acceptable for non-real-time environmental monitoring tasks.

[0004] However, when the sensor node detects an emergency requiring an immediate response, such as a sharp rise in volatile organic compound concentration, the system needs to acquire continuous, high-frequency real-time data from the sensor node. Since the sensor node has previously been in a deep sleep state, its Bluetooth module's RF section and baseband controller are in minimum power mode. When it needs to be woken from this deep sleep state to establish a low-latency communication link, an inherent wake-up delay exists. This delay involves the stabilization of the internal clock, the startup of the RF circuitry, the initialization of the baseband processor, and the link layer synchronization process with the central aggregation unit. These delays can accumulate to tens or even hundreds of milliseconds, which is a significant bottleneck for emergencies requiring an "instant" response, potentially delaying the activation of safety measures and increasing potential risks.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a low-latency data transmission method and system for Bluetooth chips, aiming to solve the problems that existing Bluetooth chips cannot quickly respond to emergencies and transmit critical data with low latency in deep sleep mode, resulting in delayed activation of security measures, and that existing connection parameters cannot meet real-time requirements.

[0007] In a first aspect, to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip, comprising:

[0008] When the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, it detects abnormal trends in environmental parameters, which indicate potential emergency situations.

[0009] Based on the abnormal trend, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the deep sleep mode to the alert sleep mode, where the power consumption of the alert sleep mode is lower than that of the full-function communication mode but higher than that of the deep sleep mode.

[0010] In the alert sleep mode, the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip is activated, putting the critical clock oscillator in a pre-activated state; the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip is partially activated, putting the radio frequency receiving path in a partially activated state.

[0011] Detect emergency situations, including environmental parameters exceeding emergency thresholds or receiving external emergency wake-up signals;

[0012] In response to the emergency, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode.

[0013] In the full-featured low-latency communication mode, data transmission is performed using preset low-latency connection parameters.

[0014] Preferably, in the vigilance sleep mode, activating the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip to put the critical clock oscillator in a pre-activated state includes:

[0015] When the power management unit of the high-frequency crystal oscillator of the Bluetooth chip is in the fast startup preparation state, it receives a signal from the Bluetooth chip.

[0016] Perform a wideband frequency scan to identify the actual carrier frequency of the signal;

[0017] Carrier frequency offset estimation is performed on the signal;

[0018] Adjust the internal frequency to compensate for the frequency deviation of the signal;

[0019] Adjust the demodulation parameters based on the channel quality and the compensation accuracy of the frequency deviation.

[0020] Preferably, in the vigilance sleep mode, partially activating the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state, includes:

[0021] In the alert sleep mode, periodic scanning is performed on multiple preset physical channels;

[0022] Detect channel quality or narrowband interference in the multiple preset physical channels;

[0023] The scanning strategy of the radio frequency receiving path is adjusted according to the channel quality or the narrowband interference.

[0024] Based on the channel energy detection mechanism, identify the channel with less interference among the multiple preset physical channels;

[0025] The emergency wake-up signal is preferentially received on the channel with less interference;

[0026] When a specific channel among the multiple preset physical channels is blocked by interference for a long time, the specific channel is skipped.

[0027] Scan other channels among the multiple preset physical channels.

[0028] Preferably, in the vigilance sleep mode, partially activating the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state, includes:

[0029] In the alert sleep mode, periodic scanning is performed on multiple preset physical channels;

[0030] Energy detection is performed on the multiple physical channels to identify narrowband interference in the multiple physical channels;

[0031] Based on the energy detection results, adjust the scanning strategy of the radio frequency receiving path;

[0032] The radio frequency receiving path preferentially receives the emergency wake-up signal on a channel with less interference;

[0033] When the specific channel is blocked by the narrowband interference for a long time, the control logic of the Bluetooth chip skips the specific channel;

[0034] The skipped channels are periodically reassessed.

[0035] Preferably, the abnormal trend of the detected environmental parameters, which indicates a potential emergency, includes:

[0036] Multi-scale time series analysis of environmental parameter measurements;

[0037] The measured values ​​of the environmental parameters are subjected to short-time Fourier transform to identify and filter out high-frequency random noise, thereby obtaining the denoised environmental parameter data;

[0038] The denoised environmental parameter data is subjected to sliding window averaging to calculate the average value of multiple windows with different lengths;

[0039] Compare the differences between the average values ​​of the multiple different window lengths to determine whether there is a continuous trend change;

[0040] By combining the equipment operating status information, a background correlation analysis is performed on the fluctuations of the environmental parameters;

[0041] Identify persistent trends that are inconsistent with the normal operating state of the device, and designate the persistent trends as the abnormal trends.

[0042] Preferably, in the vigilance sleep mode, partially activating the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state, includes:

[0043] In the aforementioned alert sleep mode, periodic scanning is performed on multiple physical channels;

[0044] Feature extraction is performed on the signals received on the multiple physical channels to obtain signal features;

[0045] Based on the signal characteristics, determine whether the signal is an emergency wake-up signal;

[0046] When the signal is determined to be an emergency wake-up signal, the Bluetooth chip is triggered to switch from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode.

[0047] When the signal is determined to be a non-emergency wake-up signal, the Bluetooth chip is kept in the alert sleep mode.

[0048] Preferably, the step of extracting features from the signals received on the plurality of physical channels to obtain signal features includes:

[0049] Perform spectrum analysis on the received signal to identify the center frequency and bandwidth of the signal;

[0050] The center frequency and bandwidth are compared with the preset frequency range and bandwidth of the emergency wake-up signal;

[0051] If it is within the preset range, then the modulation type, chip sequence and power spectral density distribution of the signal are extracted;

[0052] It periodically receives calibration signals from the central aggregation unit;

[0053] Based on the deviation between the calibration signal and the preset features, the threshold or reference template for feature extraction is dynamically adjusted.

[0054] When the ambient temperature changes beyond the preset range, the extracted signal features are corrected according to the temperature compensation curve.

[0055] When an abnormal increase in channel energy is detected, the anti-interference mode is activated.

[0056] Secondly, a low-latency data transmission module for a Bluetooth chip includes:

[0057] The first detection unit is used to detect abnormal trends in environmental parameters when the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, and the abnormal trends indicate potential emergency situations.

[0058] The first switching unit is used to switch the Bluetooth chip from the deep sleep mode to the alert sleep mode according to the abnormal trend. The power consumption of the alert sleep mode is lower than that of the full-function communication mode and higher than that of the deep sleep mode.

[0059] The activation unit is used to activate the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip in the alert sleep mode, so that the critical clock oscillator is in a pre-activated state; and to partially activate the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state.

[0060] The second detection unit is used to detect emergency situations, including environmental parameters exceeding emergency thresholds or receiving external emergency wake-up signals.

[0061] The second switching unit is used to switch the Bluetooth chip from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode according to the emergency situation.

[0062] The transmission unit is used to transmit data using preset low-latency connection parameters in the full-function low-latency communication mode.

[0063] Thirdly, a low-latency data transmission system for a Bluetooth chip includes:

[0064] The detection end is used to detect abnormal trends in environmental parameters when the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, the abnormal trend indicating a potential emergency; based on the abnormal trend, the Bluetooth chip is switched from deep sleep mode to alert sleep mode, the power consumption of alert sleep mode is lower than that of full-function communication mode but higher than that of deep sleep mode.

[0065] The activation terminal is used to activate the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip in the alert sleep mode, so that the critical clock oscillator is in a pre-activated state; and to partially activate the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state.

[0066] A switching device is used to detect emergency situations, including environmental parameters exceeding an emergency threshold or receiving an external emergency wake-up signal; based on the emergency situation, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode;

[0067] The transmission end is used to transmit data using preset low-latency connection parameters in the full-featured low-latency communication mode. Secondly, the present invention provides an AAA system, comprising:

[0068] Compared to existing technologies, this invention provides a low-latency data transmission method for Bluetooth chips. This method effectively solves the technical problem in existing technologies where Bluetooth chips cannot quickly respond to emergencies and transmit critical data with low latency in deep sleep mode by introducing a "vigilant sleep mode" as an intermediate state between deep sleep mode and full-function communication mode.

[0069] Specifically, when the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, the system can detect abnormal trends in environmental parameters, indicating potential emergencies. Based on these trends, the Bluetooth chip switches to a vigilant sleep mode, where power consumption falls between deep sleep and full-function communication, achieving a balance between power consumption and response speed. In vigilant sleep mode, the critical clock oscillator is pre-activated, and the RF receiving path is partially activated, significantly reducing the wake-up latency from sleep mode to full-function communication mode. Once a genuine emergency is detected (such as environmental parameters exceeding an emergency threshold or receiving an external emergency wake-up signal), the Bluetooth chip can quickly switch to full-function low-latency communication mode and transmit data using preset low-latency connection parameters. Through this multi-level wake-up and pre-activation mechanism, this application overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as long wake-up latency and connection parameters unsuitable for real-time requirements. This enables the system to acquire continuous, high-frequency real-time data with extremely low latency during emergencies, effectively supporting the timely activation of safety measures and accurate judgment and rapid decision-making in emergencies, significantly improving the response speed and reliability of IoT devices in critical application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0070] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for activating a key clock oscillator in a Bluetooth chip according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a low-latency data transmission module for a Bluetooth chip provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a low-latency data transmission system for a Bluetooth chip provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps:

[0076] S1, When the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, detect abnormal trends in environmental parameters, which indicate potential emergency situations;

[0077] S2, Based on the abnormal trend, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the deep sleep mode to the alert sleep mode, where the power consumption of the alert sleep mode is lower than that of the full-function communication mode but higher than that of the deep sleep mode.

[0078] S3, in the alert sleep mode, activate the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip to put the critical clock oscillator in a pre-activated state; partially activate the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip to put the radio frequency receiving path in a partially activated state.

[0079] S4, detect an emergency situation, which includes environmental parameters exceeding an emergency threshold or receiving an external emergency wake-up signal;

[0080] S5, In accordance with the emergency situation, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode;

[0081] S6. In the full-function low-latency communication mode, data transmission is performed using preset low-latency connection parameters.

[0082] This application introduces an alert sleep mode, which pre-activates key modules when a potential emergency is detected, thereby significantly shortening the switching time from deep sleep to full-function low-latency communication and effectively solving the problem of emergency response delay in the prior art.

[0083] To better understand the technical solutions proposed in this application, some key terms and operating environments involved are first explained. A Bluetooth chip is an integrated circuit that integrates Bluetooth communication functions and is widely used in IoT devices to achieve short-range wireless data transmission. Deep sleep mode is an ultra-low power state of a Bluetooth chip. In this mode, most internal modules are turned off, retaining only the most basic wake-up mechanism to maximize battery life. Alert sleep mode is an intermediate power state introduced in this application, with power consumption between deep sleep mode and full-function communication mode, designed to prepare for rapid wake-up.

[0084] Full-featured low-latency communication mode refers to the Bluetooth chip's operating state where data transmission is performed with minimal latency, in which all necessary communication modules are activated and optimized. Environmental parameters can include temperature, humidity, gas concentration, pressure, etc., and abnormal trends indicate potential hazards or situations requiring attention. The emergency threshold is a preset safe upper or lower limit for environmental parameters; exceeding this limit is considered an emergency. External emergency wake-up signals can be specific Bluetooth broadcast packets or physical layer signals from other devices. The critical clock oscillator is a component within the Bluetooth chip that provides a high-precision clock signal, crucial for the stability and accuracy of RF communication. The RF receive path is the circuitry within the Bluetooth chip responsible for receiving wireless signals. Low-latency connection parameters refer to configurations in the Bluetooth communication protocol used to optimize data transmission speed, such as shorter connection intervals and slave latency.

[0085] The core of the low-latency data transmission method for Bluetooth chips proposed in this application lies in the introduction of an alert sleep mode to achieve rapid response.

[0086] Specifically, when the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, it needs to continuously monitor abnormal trends in environmental parameters. For example, the Bluetooth chip can integrate a low-power environmental sensor that periodically measures environmental parameters at an extremely low sampling rate in deep sleep mode. These measurements can be stored in the chip's internal non-volatile memory and analyzed by a dedicated low-power processing unit. This processing unit can use a simple threshold comparison method, for example, determining an abnormal trend when multiple consecutive measurements exceed a preset normal fluctuation range. Alternatively, the processing unit can execute more complex algorithms, such as identifying sustained upward or downward trends by calculating the difference between short-term and long-term averages of environmental parameters. For example, a sustained rise in ambient temperature within a short period, even if it has not yet reached an emergency threshold, can be considered an abnormal trend, indicating a potential risk of overheating.

[0087] Based on detected abnormal trends, the Bluetooth chip will switch from deep sleep mode to alert sleep mode. This switch can be triggered by a hardware interrupt or software command. For example, when the low-power processing unit detects an abnormal trend, it can send a wake-up signal to the main controller. Upon receiving this signal, the main controller initiates the switching process from deep sleep mode to alert sleep mode. In alert sleep mode, the Bluetooth chip's power consumption is designed to be lower than that in full-featured communication mode, but higher than that in deep sleep mode. This means that some critical modules will be activated, while other non-critical modules remain off or in a low-power state.

[0088] In vigilant sleep mode, the Bluetooth chip's critical clock oscillator is activated, placing it in a pre-activated state. For example, the power management unit of the high-frequency crystal oscillator (HFXO) can be set to a fast-start ready state, meaning that the power supply and bias circuitry required by the oscillator have been pre-stabilized, but the oscillator itself may not yet be running at full speed. When needed, the oscillator can quickly reach a stable operating frequency without undergoing a lengthy startup time. Alternatively, a low-power auxiliary oscillator can be activated. While less accurate than the master oscillator, this auxiliary oscillator can provide a sufficient time base for partial activation of the subsequent RF receive path.

[0089] Meanwhile, in vigilant sleep mode, the Bluetooth chip's RF receive path is partially activated, placing it in a partially active state. For example, the low-noise amplifier (LNA) and mixer in the RF receive path can be powered and biased, but the subsequent baseband demodulator and digital signal processor may remain off. This partial activation allows the RF receive path to periodically listen to the wireless channel with low power consumption to detect potential emergency wake-up signals without fully activating the entire receive link. For example, the RF receive path can be configured to perform short-duration periodic scans on multiple preset physical channels, each scan lasting only a very short time to minimize power consumption.

[0090] Subsequently, the Bluetooth chip continues to monitor for emergency situations in vigilant sleep mode. Emergency situations can include environmental parameters exceeding emergency thresholds, such as when the ambient temperature reaches a preset dangerous high-temperature value. In this case, the low-power processing unit that previously monitored the environmental parameters will trigger a higher-level interrupt. Alternatively, an emergency situation can also be the receipt of an external emergency wake-up signal. For example, when the RF receive path detects a Bluetooth broadcast packet with specific characteristics during periodic scanning, this broadcast packet is preset as an emergency wake-up signal.

[0091] Based on the detected emergency, the Bluetooth chip will switch from alert sleep mode to full-featured low-latency communication mode. For example, when environmental parameters exceed an emergency threshold, the main controller will immediately activate all necessary modules, including fully activating the critical clock oscillator, RF transceiver, baseband processor, and link layer controller. Since the critical clock oscillator and RF receive path are already pre-activated or partially activated, this switching process is much faster than waking directly from deep sleep mode.

[0092] In full-featured low-latency communication mode, the Bluetooth chip uses preset low-latency connection parameters for data transmission. For example, the connection interval can be set to the minimum allowable value (e.g., 7.5 milliseconds), the slave latency can be set to zero, and fast connection and data transmission rate optimization functions can be enabled. These parameters ensure that data can be transmitted from the Bluetooth chip to the central aggregation unit at the fastest speed, thereby meeting the real-time requirements in emergency situations.

[0093] The low-latency data transmission method for Bluetooth chips proposed in this application effectively solves the problem of delayed emergency response in deep sleep mode in existing technologies by introducing an alert sleep mode. In traditional solutions, the Bluetooth chip needs to undergo a lengthy clock stabilization, RF startup, and link synchronization process to wake directly from deep sleep mode to full-function communication mode, resulting in delays of tens or even hundreds of milliseconds. This application significantly shortens these startup times by pre-switching the Bluetooth chip to alert sleep mode when a potential emergency is detected, and by pre-activating the critical clock oscillator and partially activating the RF receiving path in this mode.

[0094] Specifically, in vigilant sleep mode, the critical clock oscillator is pre-activated, meaning its power management unit is ready for rapid startup. When full-speed operation is required, it can quickly reach a stable frequency, avoiding the long wait required to start from a completely shut-down state. Simultaneously, partial activation of the RF receive path allows the chip to periodically listen for emergency wake-up signals with low power consumption without fully activating the entire receive link. In the event of a genuine emergency, the chip can quickly switch from vigilant sleep mode to full-featured low-latency communication mode, as most of the preparatory work has already been completed.

[0095] Compared to existing technologies, the core innovation of this application lies in its phased wake-up strategy. Traditional solutions employ an "all-or-nothing" wake-up mode, meaning either deep sleep or full-function operation. This application introduces an intermediate "alert" state, enabling the chip to achieve a better balance between power consumption and response speed. This phased wake-up mechanism allows the Bluetooth chip to maintain ultra-low power consumption while simultaneously possessing the ability to quickly respond to sudden low-latency data transmission demands. For example, in industrial IoT applications, when environmental parameters exhibit abnormal trends, sensor nodes can quickly enter an alert sleep mode, preparing to receive emergency commands or transmit data. This ensures a response with extremely low latency when an emergency actually occurs, guaranteeing the system's safety and reliability.

[0096] For details, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for activating a key clock oscillator in a Bluetooth chip according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:

[0097] S31, When the power management unit of the high-frequency crystal oscillator of the Bluetooth chip is in the fast start-up preparation state, it receives a signal from the Bluetooth chip.

[0098] S32, Perform a wideband frequency scan to identify the actual carrier frequency of the signal;

[0099] S33, perform carrier frequency offset estimation on the signal;

[0100] S34, Adjust the internal frequency to compensate for the frequency deviation of the signal;

[0101] S35, adjust the demodulation parameters according to the channel quality and the compensation accuracy of the frequency deviation.

[0102] When the power management unit of the Bluetooth chip's high-frequency crystal oscillator is in the fast-start preparation state, it means that the power management unit has provided the necessary power to the high-frequency crystal oscillator and completed the initial stabilization process, enabling it to quickly respond to subsequent activation commands. In this state, the Bluetooth chip is configured to receive internal signals from itself or other modules, which are typically used for calibration or synchronization purposes.

[0103] Furthermore, performing a wideband frequency scan aims to quickly detect and determine the actual carrier frequency of the received signal. In low-power mode, wideband scanning is necessary to accurately capture the signal because the accuracy of the crystal oscillator may be affected by environmental factors or frequency drift from external signal sources.

[0104] Subsequently, carrier frequency offset estimation is performed on the signal to quantify the deviation between the received signal and the expected center frequency. This offset may be caused by factors such as temperature changes, power supply fluctuations, or crystal aging.

[0105] Based on this, the frequency deviation of the signal is compensated by adjusting the internal frequency. This typically involves adjusting the phase-locked loop (PLL) or digital frequency synthesizer inside the Bluetooth chip to precisely match its output frequency with the actual carrier frequency of the received signal, thereby ensuring that subsequent signal processing can be performed accurately.

[0106] Finally, the demodulation parameters are adjusted based on the channel quality and the compensation accuracy of the frequency deviation. Channel quality can be affected by factors such as noise and interference, while the compensation accuracy of the frequency deviation directly affects the demodulation success rate. By dynamically adjusting demodulation parameters, such as demodulation threshold, filtering bandwidth, or symbol synchronization strategy, the demodulation performance of the signal can be optimized, and the reliability of data reception can be improved.

[0107] The solution presented in this application, through the aforementioned series of steps, aims to ensure that the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip can quickly, accurately, and stably enter the pre-activation state after switching from deep sleep mode to alert sleep mode. In alert sleep mode, the power consumption of the Bluetooth chip is strictly limited, yet it still needs to maintain a rapid response capability to potential emergencies. Traditional clock activation processes can be time-consuming or power-intensive, and are susceptible to factors such as frequency drift. By receiving signals while the power management unit is in a fast startup preparation state, and performing wideband frequency scanning, frequency offset estimation, and internal frequency adjustment, these challenges can be effectively overcome. Specifically, wideband frequency scanning enables rapid signal localization, while frequency offset estimation and compensation ensure precise synchronization between the internal clock and external signals, thus providing a stable clock reference for the subsequent partial activation of the RF receiving path and the reception of the emergency wake-up signal. This refined clock management mechanism allows the Bluetooth chip to significantly shorten the wake-up time from alert sleep mode to full-featured low-latency communication mode while maintaining low power consumption, thereby achieving a rapid response to emergencies.

[0108] Through the above technical solution, the key clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip can enter the pre-activation state with higher efficiency and accuracy in alert sleep mode. This method effectively solves the problems of slow clock oscillator startup, unstable frequency, or asynchrony with external signals in low-power mode. Precise frequency scanning, offset estimation, and compensation ensure rapid clock locking and high accuracy, laying the foundation for reliable operation of the subsequent RF receiving path. Therefore, when receiving an emergency wake-up signal, the Bluetooth chip can establish stable clock synchronization more quickly, significantly reducing the latency of switching from alert sleep mode to full-featured low-latency communication mode, thereby improving the system's response speed to emergencies and overall reliability.

[0109] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, a radio frequency (RF) receiving path of the Bluetooth chip is partially activated in alert sleep mode. However, if the channel environment is not effectively managed during its implementation, the RF receiving path may be interfered with, resulting in reduced or delayed reception efficiency of the emergency wake-up signal, thereby affecting the timely response to emergency situations.

[0110] In response, this application further proposes, under the aforementioned alert sleep mode, partially activating the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state, including:

[0111] In the alert sleep mode, periodic scanning is performed on multiple preset physical channels;

[0112] Detect channel quality or narrowband interference in the multiple preset physical channels;

[0113] The scanning strategy of the radio frequency receiving path is adjusted according to the channel quality or the narrowband interference.

[0114] Based on the channel energy detection mechanism, identify the channel with less interference among the multiple preset physical channels;

[0115] The emergency wake-up signal is preferentially received on the channel with less interference;

[0116] When a specific channel among the multiple preset physical channels is blocked by interference for a long time, the specific channel is skipped.

[0117] Scan other channels among the multiple preset physical channels.

[0118] Specifically, in the alert sleep mode, the Bluetooth chip is configured to periodically scan multiple preset physical channels. This periodic scanning aims to continuously monitor potential emergency wake-up signals with low power consumption, while avoiding prolonged occupation of radio frequency resources. The multiple preset physical channels can refer to one or more sets of available frequency channels defined in the Bluetooth communication protocol, such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) broadcast or data channels. Furthermore, during the scanning process, channel quality or narrowband interference in the multiple preset physical channels is detected. Channel quality can be understood as indicators such as signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate, while narrowband interference refers to persistent or intermittent interference signals existing within a specific frequency range, the purpose of which is to assess the availability and reliability of the current channel.

[0119] Based on the detection results of the channel quality or narrowband interference, the scanning strategy of the RF receiving path is dynamically adjusted. For example, if a channel is detected to have poor channel quality or severe narrowband interference, the scanning frequency of that channel may be reduced or temporarily skipped for a period of time. Conversely, for channels with good channel quality or less interference, the scanning frequency may be increased to increase the chance of receiving the emergency wake-up signal. Furthermore, a channel energy detection mechanism can identify channels with less interference among the multiple preset physical channels. This mechanism determines the presence of interference by measuring the total energy level on the channel; channels with lower energy levels are generally considered to have less interference. Therefore, the RF receiving path will prioritize receiving the emergency wake-up signal on channels with less interference to improve the success rate and efficiency of signal reception.

[0120] In a preferred implementation, when a specific channel among the plurality of preset physical channels is blocked by interference for an extended period, the control logic of the Bluetooth chip will skip that specific channel. Prolonged blocking can be defined by a preset time threshold; for example, if a channel is detected as having prolonged blocking in several consecutive scans, it is considered to be blocked for an extended period. Skipping this channel aims to avoid wasting scanning time and energy on invalid channels. Based on this, the system will continue scanning other channels among the plurality of preset physical channels to ensure that even if some channels are blocked, the emergency wake-up signal can still be detected promptly through other available channels.

[0121] The proposed solution involves periodically scanning multiple preset physical channels in a vigilant sleep mode and dynamically adjusting the scanning strategy of the RF receiving path based on channel quality or narrowband interference detection results. Specifically, a channel energy detection mechanism identifies channels with less interference and prioritizes receiving emergency wake-up signals on these channels, effectively mitigating the impact of channel interference on signal reception. Furthermore, when a specific channel is blocked by interference for an extended period, skipping that channel and scanning other channels avoids ineffective waiting and wasted power, ensuring timely detection of emergency wake-up signals.

[0122] Through the above technical solutions, the Bluetooth chip can manage the RF reception path more intelligently and efficiently in alert sleep mode. By dynamically adjusting the scanning strategy and prioritizing channels with less interference, the success rate and response speed of emergency wake-up signals are significantly improved, effectively reducing the risk of false alarms or missed alarms caused by channel interference. At the same time, skipping channels that have been blocked for a long time avoids unnecessary energy consumption, thereby further optimizing the overall power consumption performance and system stability of the Bluetooth chip while ensuring low latency response.

[0123] In some preferred embodiments, the Bluetooth chip is assumed to be in alert sleep mode and configured to periodically scan multiple preset physical channels such as 2402MHz, 2404MHz, and 2406MHz. When the chip begins scanning, it first performs energy detection on these channels, finding that the 2402MHz channel has persistent narrowband interference, while the 2404MHz and 2406MHz channels are relatively clean. At this time, the scanning strategy of the RF receiving path is adjusted, prioritizing more frequent listening on the 2404MHz and 2406MHz channels in order to receive emergency wake-up signals. If the 2402MHz channel is detected as having high interference for an extended period (e.g., more than 500ms), the system will temporarily skip this channel and focus on scanning other available channels, thereby avoiding wasting resources on invalid channels and ensuring that emergency wake-up signals can be captured promptly and accurately.

[0124] In some embodiments described above, a method is proposed to partially activate the Bluetooth chip's radio frequency (RF) receiving path in alert sleep mode to detect emergencies. However, during implementation, if continuous narrowband interference exists in the RF environment, it may reduce the reception efficiency of the emergency wake-up signal or even cause missed emergency alerts, thereby affecting the system's response speed and reliability. To address this, this application further proposes an optimization scheme that aims to improve the robustness of the RF receiving path in complex electromagnetic environments through intelligent channel scanning and interference avoidance mechanisms.

[0125] The aforementioned low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip, wherein, in the alert sleep mode, partially activating the radio frequency (RF) receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, so that the RF receiving path is in a partially activated state, includes:

[0126] In the alert sleep mode, periodic scanning is performed on multiple preset physical channels;

[0127] Energy detection is performed on the multiple physical channels to identify narrowband interference in the multiple physical channels;

[0128] Based on the energy detection results, adjust the scanning strategy of the radio frequency receiving path;

[0129] The radio frequency receiving path preferentially receives the emergency wake-up signal on a channel with less interference;

[0130] When the specific channel is blocked by the narrowband interference for a long time, the control logic of the Bluetooth chip skips the specific channel;

[0131] The skipped channels are periodically reassessed.

[0132] Specifically, in the alert sleep mode, the Bluetooth chip's radio frequency (RF) receive path is configured to periodically scan multiple preset physical channels. These preset physical channels refer to a set of available frequency channels defined in the Bluetooth communication protocol, such as the 40 physical channels of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). Periodic scanning means that the RF receive path monitors these channels sequentially or randomly at preset time intervals to detect the presence of an emergency wake-up signal.

[0133] The energy detection of the multiple physical channels aims to identify narrowband interference within them. Energy detection can be understood as measuring the radio frequency energy level or noise floor of each channel. Narrowband interference refers to unwanted signals with high energy within a specific frequency range; their bandwidth is relatively narrow, but sufficient to affect Bluetooth communication. Energy detection allows for the quantification of the interference level for each channel.

[0134] In practical applications, the scanning strategy of the RF receiving path is dynamically adjusted based on the energy detection results. The scanning strategy includes, but is not limited to, the scanning order, the dwell time for each channel, the scanning period, and whether to skip certain channels. For example, if a channel is detected to have high-energy narrowband interference, the dwell time on that channel can be reduced, or it can be temporarily removed from the scanning list.

[0135] Furthermore, the radio frequency receiving path is configured to prioritize receiving the emergency wake-up signal on channels with less interference. This means that after identifying channels with less interference, the system increases the monitoring frequency of these channels or extends the dwell time on these channels, thereby increasing the probability of successfully receiving the emergency wake-up signal.

[0136] Furthermore, when a specific channel is blocked by narrowband interference for an extended period, the control logic of the Bluetooth chip will skip that specific channel. Prolonged blocking refers to a channel being detected with high-intensity narrowband interference for a continuous period (e.g., exceeding a preset threshold). Skipping the channel means that it will not be monitored temporarily in subsequent scan cycles to avoid wasting power and time on invalid channels. The control logic of the Bluetooth chip refers to the firmware or hardware module within the chip responsible for managing its operating state and radio frequency behavior.

[0137] To ensure system flexibility and adaptability, skipped channels are periodically re-evaluated. This means that even if a channel is temporarily skipped, the system will re-examine it after a preset time interval to determine if its interference situation has improved. If the interference disappears, the channel can be reinstated to the scan list, thereby maximizing available communication resources.

[0138] This application's solution effectively addresses the low reliability of emergency wake-up signal reception in complex RF environments by introducing intelligent channel energy detection and adaptive scanning strategies during alert sleep mode. By detecting the energy of physical channels, narrowband interference can be identified and avoided in real time, ensuring the RF receiving path prioritizes operation on channels with better quality. When specific channels are blocked for extended periods, the control logic can promptly skip these channels, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and time waste. Simultaneously, periodically re-evaluating skipped channels allows the system to dynamically adapt to changes in the RF environment, preventing the permanent exclusion of available channels. It is precisely due to the synergistic effect of these mechanisms that the Bluetooth chip significantly improves the detection efficiency and reliability in emergency situations while maintaining low power consumption.

[0139] Through the above technical solution, the Bluetooth chip's ability to receive emergency wake-up signals in alert sleep mode is significantly enhanced. This solution effectively addresses narrowband interference in the radio frequency environment, reducing the risk of missed emergency wake-up signals and ensuring that the system can respond with lower latency and higher reliability in emergency situations. This adaptive channel management mechanism not only optimizes power efficiency but also improves the robustness and stability of the overall system, making it particularly suitable for applications with high requirements for response speed and reliability.

[0140] In some preferred embodiments, assuming a Bluetooth chip is deployed in an industrial environment where periodic narrowband interference from other wireless devices or motors may exist, the Bluetooth chip switches to a vigilant sleep mode when it is in deep sleep mode and detects an abnormal trend in environmental parameters. In this mode, the Bluetooth chip's RF receive path begins periodic scanning on 40 preset physical channels. Specifically, every 50 milliseconds, the RF receive path performs energy detection on the currently scanned channel. If the energy detection result of a channel (e.g., channel 25) remains above a preset interference threshold (e.g., -70 dBm) for more than 1 second, the channel is identified as being blocked by narrowband interference. At this time, the Bluetooth chip's control logic adjusts the scanning strategy, temporarily removing channel 25 from the scanning list and prioritizing scanning other channels with less interference. For example, if channels 10, 11, and 12 are detected as having the least interference, the RF receive path increases the dwell time or scanning frequency on these channels to increase the probability of receiving an emergency wake-up signal. Meanwhile, the skipped channel 25 is not permanently ignored but is re-evaluated every 5 minutes to check if its interference situation has improved. If the interference disappears, channel 25 will be reinstated to the scan list. In this way, even in complex interference environments, the Bluetooth chip can efficiently and reliably receive emergency wake-up signals, ensuring that the system can respond promptly to potential emergencies.

[0141] Specifically, the abnormal trends of the above-mentioned detection environmental parameters, which indicate potential emergencies, can be detected in the following ways.

[0142] The abnormal trends of the detected environmental parameters, which indicate potential emergency situations, include:

[0143] Multi-scale time series analysis of environmental parameter measurements;

[0144] The measured values ​​of the environmental parameters are subjected to short-time Fourier transform to identify and filter out high-frequency random noise, thereby obtaining the denoised environmental parameter data;

[0145] The denoised environmental parameter data is subjected to sliding window averaging to calculate the average value of multiple windows with different lengths;

[0146] Compare the differences between the average values ​​of the multiple different window lengths to determine whether there is a continuous trend change;

[0147] By combining the equipment operating status information, a background correlation analysis is performed on the fluctuations of the environmental parameters;

[0148] Identify persistent trends that are inconsistent with the normal operating state of the device, and designate the persistent trends as the abnormal trends.

[0149] The multi-scale time series analysis of environmental parameter measurements aims to observe the changing patterns of these parameters at different time granularities, thereby more comprehensively capturing potential anomalies. Environmental parameter measurements can include, but are not limited to, data from various sensors such as temperature, humidity, pressure, light intensity, and acceleration. Specifically, short-time Fourier transform is performed on the environmental parameter measurements to convert the time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal, thereby identifying and filtering out potentially present high-frequency random noise. By removing this noise, denoised environmental parameter data that more accurately reflects environmental changes can be obtained.

[0150] Furthermore, the denoised environmental parameter data is subjected to a sliding window averaging process, calculating the average value across multiple window lengths. This helps smooth the data and highlight trends at different time scales. For example, average values ​​over the past 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, or even longer can be calculated to capture trends over different durations. Subsequently, by comparing the differences between the average values ​​of the multiple different window lengths, it can be determined whether there is a persistent trend change. If there is a significant and persistent deviation between the short-window average value and the long-window average value, it may indicate the emergence of some abnormal trend.

[0151] Furthermore, by combining equipment operating status information, background correlation analysis is performed on the fluctuations of the environmental parameters. The purpose is to compare changes in environmental parameters with the equipment's normal operating mode, load conditions, or preset operating procedures. For example, some environmental parameters may exhibit normal fluctuations during normal equipment startup or shutdown; background correlation analysis can distinguish these normal fluctuations from abnormal trends, avoiding misjudgments. Finally, persistent trends inconsistent with the equipment's normal operating state are identified and designated as abnormal trends. This means that only persistent changes in environmental parameters that cannot be explained by the equipment's normal operating state are identified as potential emergency signals, thereby triggering subsequent response mechanisms.

[0152] This application's solution employs multi-scale time series analysis of environmental parameter measurements, combined with short-time Fourier transform for denoising, effectively removing random interference from the data and thus obtaining more accurate information on environmental parameter changes. By using sliding window averaging and comparing averages of different window lengths, subtle and continuous trend changes in environmental parameters can be captured across multiple time dimensions, rather than instantaneous fluctuations. Furthermore, by performing background correlation analysis with device operating status information, it is possible to distinguish between environmental changes caused by normal operation and abnormal trends that truly indicate potential emergencies. Therefore, the Bluetooth chip can identify potential emergencies more intelligently and accurately in deep sleep mode, providing a reliable basis for subsequent mode switching, avoiding false alarms or missed alarms, thereby improving emergency response capabilities while ensuring low power consumption.

[0153] Through the above technical solutions, the accuracy and reliability of the Bluetooth chip in detecting abnormal trends in environmental parameters during deep sleep mode are significantly improved. Multi-scale time series analysis and denoising processing ensure precise capture of changes in environmental data, while sliding window averaging and trend comparison effectively identify persistent abnormal patterns. Combined with background correlation analysis of device operating status, environmental fluctuations caused by normal device operation are prevented from being misjudged as emergencies, thereby reducing the false alarm rate. This refined abnormal trend detection mechanism enables the Bluetooth chip to provide earlier and more accurate warnings of potential emergencies, providing a solid foundation for timely switching to alert sleep mode and ultimately entering full-function low-latency communication mode, effectively balancing the requirements of power consumption and response speed.

[0154] In some embodiments described above in this application, the radio frequency (RF) receiving path of the Bluetooth chip is partially activated in alert sleep mode to detect emergencies. However, simply performing partial activation and signal detection may not effectively distinguish genuine emergency wake-up signals from other non-emergency signals or noise in the environment, potentially leading to unnecessary power consumption increases or false wake-ups, affecting the overall efficiency and response accuracy of the system. Therefore, this application further proposes a specific method for partially activating the RF receiving path of the Bluetooth chip in alert sleep mode, aiming to improve the accuracy and efficiency of emergency wake-up through an intelligent signal recognition mechanism.

[0155] In this regard, this application further proposes a step of partially activating the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip in the aforementioned alert sleep mode, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state, including:

[0156] In the aforementioned alert sleep mode, periodic scanning is performed on multiple physical channels;

[0157] Feature extraction is performed on the signals received on the multiple physical channels to obtain signal features;

[0158] Based on the signal characteristics, determine whether the signal is an emergency wake-up signal;

[0159] When the signal is determined to be an emergency wake-up signal, the Bluetooth chip is triggered to switch from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode.

[0160] When the signal is determined to be a non-emergency wake-up signal, the Bluetooth chip is kept in the alert sleep mode.

[0161] Specifically, in the alert sleep mode, the Bluetooth chip periodically scans multiple preset physical channels. This scan aims to continuously monitor potential external signals with low power consumption. These multiple physical channels can be understood as one or more sets of frequency channels defined in the Bluetooth communication protocol for data transmission or signaling interaction; for example, they may include specific broadcast channels or data channels. The purpose is to initially sense radio frequency activity in the external environment without fully activating the radio frequency receiving path.

[0162] Furthermore, feature extraction is performed on the signals received on the multiple physical channels to obtain signal features. This step aims to identify key attributes related to the emergency wake-up signal from the raw received signal. For example, the signal frequency, bandwidth, modulation type, chip sequence, power spectral density distribution, etc., can be extracted. The extraction of these features is the basis for subsequent determination of the signal properties.

[0163] Based on this, the obtained signal characteristics are used to determine whether the signal is an emergency wake-up signal. This determination process involves comparing the extracted signal characteristics with a preset emergency wake-up signal characteristic template. For example, the emergency wake-up signal can be preset to have a specific frequency range, modulation method, or coding sequence. If the signal characteristics highly match the preset template, it is determined to be an emergency wake-up signal.

[0164] When the signal is determined to be an emergency wake-up signal, the Bluetooth chip is triggered to switch from the alert sleep mode to the full-featured low-latency communication mode. This means that the system has recognized a genuine emergency and needs to quickly enter a high-response state to transmit data or take further action.

[0165] Conversely, when the signal is determined to be a non-emergency wake-up signal, the Bluetooth chip remains in the alert sleep mode. This is intended to avoid false wake-ups caused by non-emergency signals or environmental noise, thereby effectively saving power and extending the standby time of the Bluetooth chip.

[0166] This application's solution effectively solves the potential problems of false wake-ups and power waste in basic solutions by introducing an intelligent signal feature extraction and judgment mechanism in a vigilant sleep mode. Specifically, by periodically scanning multiple physical channels, the Bluetooth chip can continuously monitor the external radio frequency environment while maintaining low power consumption. Subsequently, feature extraction is performed on the received signals, enabling the system to identify emergency wake-up signals with specific patterns from the complex radio frequency environment. This feature-based identification method allows the Bluetooth chip to accurately distinguish genuine emergency wake-up signals from ordinary background noise or non-emergency communication signals. It is precisely because of this accurate judgment capability that the Bluetooth chip can quickly switch to full-function low-latency communication mode when an emergency is confirmed, while maintaining vigilant sleep mode in non-emergency situations, thereby avoiding unnecessary full-function activation and ensuring the system's responsiveness and energy efficiency.

[0167] Through the above technical solution, this application can significantly improve the accuracy of Bluetooth chip in recognizing emergency wake-up signals in alert sleep mode, effectively reducing the probability of false wake-ups. This not only optimizes the system's power management and extends the battery life of the Bluetooth chip, but also ensures that the system can respond quickly with extremely low latency when a real emergency occurs, thereby improving the reliability and practicality of the Bluetooth chip in scenarios requiring rapid response.

[0168] In some preferred embodiments, a Bluetooth chip is deployed in a smart home environment to monitor the status of smoke detectors or gas leak sensors. When the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, the system switches it to alert sleep mode if environmental parameters (such as smoke or gas concentration) show an abnormal trend. In alert sleep mode, the Bluetooth chip's radio frequency receiving path is partially activated and periodically scans a preset emergency wake-up channel.

[0169] For example, when a smoke alarm detects smoke and emits an emergency wake-up signal with a specific frequency, modulation scheme, and chip sequence, the Bluetooth chip's radio frequency receiving path receives this signal. The system performs feature extraction on the signal, including spectrum analysis, modulation type identification, and chip sequence comparison. If the extracted features highly match the preset smoke alarm emergency wake-up signal features, the system determines it to be an emergency wake-up signal and immediately triggers the Bluetooth chip to switch from alert sleep mode to full-featured low-latency communication mode to quickly transmit the alarm information to the central control unit or the user's mobile phone. Conversely, if the received signal is other non-emergency Bluetooth broadcast signals or ambient noise, whose features do not match the emergency wake-up signal, the system determines it to be a non-emergency signal and keeps the Bluetooth chip in alert sleep mode, thus avoiding unnecessary power consumption and false alarms.

[0170] In some embodiments described above, a method is proposed to determine whether a signal is an emergency wake-up signal by extracting features from signals received on multiple physical channels in a vigilant sleep mode. However, in actual implementation, signal feature extraction is easily affected by environmental noise, channel fading, temperature changes, and potential interference signals. These factors may lead to a decrease in the accuracy and robustness of feature extraction, thereby affecting the reliable identification of emergency wake-up signals and potentially delaying the Bluetooth chip's switch from vigilant sleep mode to full-featured low-latency communication mode.

[0171] In this regard, this application further proposes a step for extracting features from signals received on the multiple physical channels to obtain signal features, including:

[0172] Perform spectrum analysis on the received signal to identify the center frequency and bandwidth of the signal;

[0173] The center frequency and bandwidth are compared with the preset frequency range and bandwidth of the emergency wake-up signal;

[0174] If it is within the preset range, then the modulation type, chip sequence and power spectral density distribution of the signal are extracted;

[0175] It periodically receives calibration signals from the central aggregation unit;

[0176] Based on the deviation between the calibration signal and the preset features, the threshold or reference template for feature extraction is dynamically adjusted.

[0177] When the ambient temperature changes beyond the preset range, the extracted signal features are corrected according to the temperature compensation curve.

[0178] When an abnormal increase in channel energy is detected, the anti-interference mode is activated.

[0179] Specifically, performing spectral analysis on the received signal refers to converting the time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal using signal processing techniques such as Fourier transform, thereby identifying the signal's center frequency and bandwidth. The center frequency represents the main frequency point where the signal's energy is concentrated, while the bandwidth represents the frequency range occupied by the signal. These parameters are the basis for identifying specific types of signals.

[0180] Furthermore, the center frequency and bandwidth are compared with the preset frequency range and bandwidth of the emergency wake-up signal. The purpose of this comparison is to initially screen out signals that conform to the basic frequency characteristics of the emergency wake-up signal. The preset frequency range and bandwidth are determined according to the standard or protocol of the emergency wake-up signal.

[0181] If the signal is within a preset range, its modulation type, chip sequence, and power spectral density distribution are extracted. Modulation type refers to the way the signal carries information, such as FSK or GFSK; chip sequence is a unique sequence used in spread spectrum communication to distinguish different signals; and power spectral density distribution reflects the distribution of signal energy at different frequencies. These deeper characteristics help to accurately identify and verify the signal, ensuring it is indeed an emergency wake-up signal.

[0182] In practical applications, calibration signals are periodically received from the central convergence unit to provide a reliable reference for the Bluetooth chip. The central convergence unit can be an external, high-precision clock source or signal generator used to transmit calibration signals with known characteristics.

[0183] Based on this, the feature extraction threshold or reference template is dynamically adjusted according to the deviation between the calibration signal and the preset features. This means that the Bluetooth chip can adaptively correct its internal feature recognition parameters according to the difference between the actual received calibration signal and the ideal preset features, in order to adapt to the impact of environmental changes or device aging.

[0184] Furthermore, when the ambient temperature changes beyond a preset range, the extracted signal features are corrected according to a temperature compensation curve. Temperature changes can cause performance drift in components such as the RF front-end and crystal oscillator, thus affecting the accurate extraction of signal features. The preset temperature compensation curve can correct for these drifts, ensuring the accuracy of feature extraction.

[0185] Simultaneously, when an abnormal increase in channel energy is detected, an anti-interference mode is activated. An abnormal increase in channel energy usually indicates the presence of strong interference signals. The anti-interference mode may include strategies such as adjusting the receive gain, employing a more robust demodulation algorithm, or switching to other channels with less interference to improve signal recognition capabilities in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0186] This application's solution effectively addresses the challenge of accurately identifying emergency wake-up signals in complex and ever-changing environments by performing multi-dimensional, adaptive feature extraction on received signals. First, by using spectrum analysis and frequency range comparison, potential emergency wake-up signals can be quickly screened, avoiding deep processing of irrelevant signals and thus saving power. Second, by extracting detailed features such as modulation type, chip sequence, and power spectral density distribution, the signal can be finely identified, significantly reducing the false positive rate. Furthermore, the introduction of a calibration signal from the central aggregation unit allows the feature extraction process to dynamically adapt to changes in the internal and external environment of the system. By adjusting thresholds or reference templates, the accuracy and robustness of the identification are ensured. In addition, addressing common issues such as environmental temperature changes and channel interference, this application proposes temperature compensation and anti-interference modes, enabling the Bluetooth chip to reliably extract signal features under various harsh conditions, ensuring timely and accurate identification of emergency wake-up signals. This provides a solid foundation for subsequent low-latency communication mode switching and avoids system response delays caused by misjudgments or omissions.

[0187] Through the above technical solution, this application can significantly improve the accuracy and robustness of Bluetooth chips in recognizing emergency wake-up signals in alert sleep mode. Compared with simple signal detection, this application effectively avoids the negative impact of environmental noise, temperature drift, and channel interference on signal recognition through multi-level feature extraction and adaptive adjustment mechanisms, reducing false alarm and false negative rates. This ensures that in potential emergency situations, the Bluetooth chip can more reliably and quickly switch from alert sleep mode to full-featured low-latency communication mode, providing a more robust guarantee for the timely transmission of critical data and improving the overall system's response speed and reliability, especially in harsh or dynamically changing communication environments.

[0188] In some preferred embodiments, a Bluetooth chip is deployed in an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) environment to monitor the status of critical equipment and send emergency alerts in case of anomalies. When the Bluetooth chip is in alert sleep mode, its radio frequency (RF) receive path is partially activated, periodically scanning multiple physical channels. If an emergency wake-up signal is sent, the Bluetooth chip first performs spectral analysis on the received signal to identify its center frequency and bandwidth. For example, a preset emergency wake-up signal might be defined as having a specific bandwidth (e.g., 1 MHz) within the Bluetooth ISM band from 2.402 GHz to 2.480 GHz. If the frequency and bandwidth of the received signal conform to this preset range, the Bluetooth chip further extracts its modulation type (e.g., GFSK), specific chip sequence, and power spectral density distribution. To ensure accurate identification, the Bluetooth chip periodically receives calibration signals from a central aggregation unit (e.g., a high-precision time synchronization server).

[0189] If the characteristics of the calibration signal deviate from the preset characteristics, the Bluetooth chip's control logic dynamically adjusts the feature extraction threshold, for example, relaxing or tightening the requirements for chip sequence matching. Furthermore, if the ambient temperature rises from 25°C to 50°C, exceeding the preset normal operating range, the Bluetooth chip corrects the extracted signal characteristics according to a pre-stored temperature compensation curve to offset the impact of high temperatures on the RF front-end performance. Simultaneously, if an abnormal increase in energy is detected on a channel, indicating strong interference, the Bluetooth chip immediately activates an anti-interference mode, for example, by adjusting the receiver gain or switching to a less congested channel to continue scanning, thus ensuring that emergency wake-up signals can be accurately identified and processed even in environments with strong interference. Through these mechanisms, the Bluetooth chip can reliably identify emergencies and quickly switch to a full-featured low-latency communication mode to promptly transmit critical alarm data.

[0190] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a low-latency data transmission module for a Bluetooth chip provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0191] The first detection unit is used to detect abnormal trends in environmental parameters when the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, and the abnormal trends indicate potential emergency situations.

[0192] The first switching unit is used to switch the Bluetooth chip from the deep sleep mode to the alert sleep mode according to the abnormal trend. The power consumption of the alert sleep mode is lower than that of the full-function communication mode and higher than that of the deep sleep mode.

[0193] The activation unit is used to activate the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip in the alert sleep mode, so that the critical clock oscillator is in a pre-activated state; and to partially activate the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state.

[0194] The second detection unit is used to detect emergency situations, including environmental parameters exceeding emergency thresholds or receiving external emergency wake-up signals.

[0195] The second switching unit is used to switch the Bluetooth chip from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode according to the emergency situation.

[0196] The transmission unit is used to transmit data using preset low-latency connection parameters in the full-function low-latency communication mode.

[0197] This module, by introducing a vigilant sleep mode and configuring corresponding detection, switching, activation, and transmission units, enables the Bluetooth chip to proactively detect potential emergencies and activate key modules in stages while in deep sleep mode. Specifically, the first detection unit monitors abnormal trends in environmental parameters during deep sleep mode, and the first switching unit switches the chip to vigilant sleep mode accordingly. In vigilant sleep mode, the activation unit pre-activates the key clock oscillator and partially activates the RF receiving path to prepare for rapid response. When the second detection unit confirms an emergency, the second switching unit can quickly switch the chip to full-featured low-latency communication mode and transmit data using preset low-latency connection parameters through the transmission unit. This modular design allows the Bluetooth chip to significantly shorten the switching time from deep sleep to full-featured low-latency communication while maintaining ultra-low power consumption, effectively solving the problem of emergency response delay in existing technologies, thus meeting the dual requirements of IoT devices for real-time interaction and ultra-long battery life.

[0198] The above embodiments have already described the processes of detection, switching, activation, and data transmission of the Bluetooth chip in different modes, and will not be repeated here. It should be emphasized that the low-latency data transmission module of the Bluetooth chip proposed in this application implements the above method through the coordinated operation of its various internal functional units.

[0199] Specifically, the first detection unit is configured to detect abnormal trends in environmental parameters when the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode. This first detection unit can be a standalone low-power microcontroller with an integrated environmental sensor interface, periodically waking the sensor to collect data and perform preliminary analysis. For example, the unit can simply determine if an abnormal trend exists by comparing the current measured environmental parameter value with a preset fixed threshold, or identify changes by calculating the simple difference between consecutive sampled values.

[0200] The first switching unit is configured to switch the Bluetooth chip from deep sleep mode to alert sleep mode based on an abnormal trend detected by the first detection unit. This first switching unit can be a state machine controller that receives signals from the first detection unit and triggers corresponding power management and clock control logic to gradually wake up some of the chip's functions. For example, this unit can be implemented using simple logic gates; when an abnormal trend signal is received, it directly pulls up the alert sleep mode enable signal.

[0201] The activation unit is configured to activate the Bluetooth chip's critical clock oscillator in a pre-activated state and partially activate the Bluetooth chip's RF receive path in a partially activated state during alert sleep mode. This activation unit can contain multiple independent power management and clock control modules. For example, for the critical clock oscillator, the activation unit can provide only the minimum bias current required to maintain its oscillation, keeping it in a low-power warm-up state, but not yet at full speed stability. For the RF receive path, the activation unit can power only the low-noise amplifier and mixer, enabling basic signal reception without activating the full baseband processing chain.

[0202] The second detection unit is configured to detect emergency situations, including environmental parameters exceeding an emergency threshold or the receipt of an external emergency wake-up signal. This second detection unit may share some hardware resources with the first detection unit, but will perform detection using a higher sampling rate or a more complex algorithm in alert sleep mode. For example, this unit may be configured to continuously monitor a preset fixed-frequency channel to detect the presence of an emergency wake-up signal, or to determine whether environmental parameters exceed an emergency threshold using a simple comparator circuit.

[0203] The second switching unit is configured to switch the Bluetooth chip from alert sleep mode to full-featured low-latency communication mode based on an emergency situation detected by the second detection unit. This second switching unit can be a higher-level system controller that receives the emergency signal from the second detection unit and initiates a full wake-up process for all necessary modules of the chip. For example, this unit can control the power and clock of each module via a hard-coded sequence of instructions, enabling it to quickly enter full-featured operation.

[0204] The transmission unit is configured to transmit data using preset low-latency connection parameters in a full-featured low-latency communication mode. This transmission unit can be an integrated Bluetooth baseband processor and RF transceiver. For example, the unit can be configured to communicate using a fixed set of low-latency connection parameters pre-stored in non-volatile memory without dynamic negotiation.

[0205] The core innovation of the low-latency data transmission module for Bluetooth chips proposed in this application lies in its modular design, which implements a phased wake-up strategy. This effectively solves the problem of delayed emergency response in deep sleep mode in existing Bluetooth chips. In traditional solutions, waking a Bluetooth chip directly from deep sleep mode to full-function communication mode requires a lengthy clock stabilization, RF startup, and link synchronization process, resulting in delays of tens or even hundreds of milliseconds. The module in this application, through a first detection unit and a first switching unit, pre-switches the Bluetooth chip to a vigilant sleep mode when a potential emergency is detected. In this mode, the activation unit pre-activates the critical clock oscillator and partially activates the RF receiving path, significantly shortening these startup times. Once the second detection unit confirms the emergency, the second switching unit can quickly switch the chip to full-function low-latency communication mode and transmit data using preset low-latency connection parameters through the transmission unit. This modular, phased wake-up mechanism enables the Bluetooth chip to maintain ultra-low power operation while possessing the ability to quickly respond to sudden low-latency data transmission demands, significantly improving the system's real-time performance and reliability.

[0206] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a low-latency data transmission system for a Bluetooth chip provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0207] The detection end is used to detect abnormal trends in environmental parameters when the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, the abnormal trend indicating a potential emergency; based on the abnormal trend, the Bluetooth chip is switched from deep sleep mode to alert sleep mode, the power consumption of alert sleep mode is lower than that of full-function communication mode but higher than that of deep sleep mode.

[0208] The activation terminal is used to activate the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip in the alert sleep mode, so that the critical clock oscillator is in a pre-activated state; and to partially activate the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state.

[0209] A switching device is used to detect emergency situations, including environmental parameters exceeding an emergency threshold or receiving an external emergency wake-up signal; based on the emergency situation, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode;

[0210] The transmission end is used to transmit data using preset low-latency connection parameters in the full-function low-latency communication mode.

[0211] This application also discloses a low-latency data transmission system for a Bluetooth chip, including a detection end, an activation end, a switching end, and a transmission end. This system effectively solves the problem of delayed emergency response in deep sleep mode for traditional Bluetooth chips by introducing a vigilant sleep mode and configuring corresponding hardware modules to implement a phased wake-up strategy. The detection end is responsible for identifying potential emergencies in deep sleep mode and triggering a switch to vigilant sleep mode. The activation end pre-starts a critical clock oscillator and part of the RF receiving path in vigilant sleep mode to prepare for rapid response. When an actual emergency is detected, the switching end quickly switches the chip to a full-featured low-latency communication mode. Finally, in full-featured low-latency communication mode, the transmission end uses optimized connection parameters for high-speed data transmission. The collaborative work of these modules ensures a fast, low-latency response to sudden emergencies while maintaining low power consumption.

[0212] The specific steps of the low-latency data transmission method for Bluetooth chips have been described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. It should be emphasized that the low-latency data transmission system for Bluetooth chips proposed in this application achieves a more efficient and reliable system architecture by assigning these functions to specific hardware or software modules.

[0213] Specifically, the detection end can be a low-power microcontroller with an integrated environmental sensor interface, containing a dedicated signal processing module for multi-scale time series analysis of environmental parameter measurements to identify abnormal trends. For example, the detection end can be configured to periodically acquire data from connected environmental sensors and use embedded algorithms (such as sliding window averaging or short-term Fourier transform) to determine whether there are persistent trend changes. Alternatively, the detection end can be a standalone low-power application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) specifically responsible for monitoring environmental parameters and making preliminary judgments of abnormal trends, and waking up the main processor via an interrupt signal to switch modes.

[0214] The activation end can be a clock management unit and an RF front-end control module. The clock management unit is responsible for controlling the power supply and startup state of key clock sources such as high-frequency crystal oscillators, keeping them in a pre-activated state in alert sleep mode, for example, by pre-stabilizing their power supply and bias circuits. The RF front-end control module is responsible for powering and biasing components such as low-noise amplifiers and mixers in the RF receiving path, keeping them in a partially activated state, for example, activating only a portion of the receiving link for periodic channel scanning. In some embodiments, the activation end may also include a programmable logic controller for dynamically adjusting the pre-activation level of the clock oscillator and the RF receiving path according to a preset strategy.

[0215] The switching end can be a main controller or a dedicated state machine logic unit. This switching end receives emergency signals from the detection end (regarding environmental parameters exceeding emergency thresholds) or the RF receiving path (regarding the receipt of an external emergency wake-up signal), and sends wake-up commands to various functional modules of the Bluetooth chip according to preset logic, thereby achieving a rapid switch from alert sleep mode to full-featured low-latency communication mode. For example, the switching end can be configured to immediately activate all necessary power and clock domains and load preset low-latency communication firmware upon receiving an emergency signal. As an alternative, the switching end can be a hardware-based state machine, achieving fast, software-latency-free mode switching through hard-wired logic.

[0216] The transmitting end can be a Bluetooth baseband processor and an RF transceiver. In full-featured low-latency communication mode, this transmitting end is responsible for data encoding, modulation, transmission, and demodulation and decoding of received data according to preset low-latency connection parameters. For example, the transmitting end can be configured to communicate using minimum connection interval, zero slave latency, and enhanced data rate (EDR) modes. In some preferred embodiments, the transmitting end may also include a data buffer management module for prioritizing and transmitting critical data streams in emergency situations.

[0217] The low-latency data transmission system for Bluetooth chips proposed in this application, compared with existing technologies, has a core innovation in that it effectively solves the problem of emergency response latency in deep sleep mode of traditional Bluetooth chips by introducing a phased wake-up mechanism and corresponding system architecture. Existing technologies typically employ an "all-or-nothing" wake-up mode, directly waking from deep sleep to full-function operation. This results in a lengthy clock stabilization, RF startup, and link synchronization process, leading to significant accumulated latency. The system in this application, through the collaborative work of the detection end, activation end, switching end, and transmission end, pre-switches the Bluetooth chip to a vigilant sleep mode when a potential emergency is detected. In this mode, the activation end pre-activates the critical clock oscillator and part of the RF receiving path. This pre-activation significantly shortens the switching time from vigilant sleep mode to full-function low-latency communication mode. Therefore, the system in this application can maintain ultra-low power operation while possessing the ability to quickly respond to sudden low-latency data transmission demands, thereby improving the system's response speed and reliability in emergency situations.

[0218] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip, characterized in that, include: When the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, it detects abnormal trends in environmental parameters, which indicate potential emergency situations. Based on the abnormal trend, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the deep sleep mode to the alert sleep mode, where the power consumption of the alert sleep mode is lower than that of the full-function communication mode but higher than that of the deep sleep mode. In the alert sleep mode, the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip is activated, putting the critical clock oscillator in a pre-activated state; the radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip is partially activated, putting the radio frequency receiving path in a partially activated state. Detect emergency situations, including environmental parameters exceeding emergency thresholds or receiving external emergency wake-up signals; In response to the emergency, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode. In the full-featured low-latency communication mode, data transmission is performed using preset low-latency connection parameters.

2. The low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned alert sleep mode, activating the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip to pre-activate the critical clock oscillator includes: When the power management unit of the high-frequency crystal oscillator of the Bluetooth chip is in the fast startup preparation state, it receives a signal from the Bluetooth chip. Perform a wideband frequency scan to identify the actual carrier frequency of the signal; Carrier frequency offset estimation is performed on the signal; Adjust the internal frequency to compensate for the frequency deviation of the signal; Adjust the demodulation parameters based on the channel quality and the compensation accuracy of the frequency deviation.

3. The low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned alert sleep mode, partially activating the radio frequency (RF) receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, thereby placing the RF receiving path in a partially activated state, includes: In the alert sleep mode, periodic scanning is performed on multiple preset physical channels; Detect channel quality or narrowband interference in the multiple preset physical channels; The scanning strategy of the radio frequency receiving path is adjusted according to the channel quality or the narrowband interference. Based on the channel energy detection mechanism, identify the channel with less interference among the multiple preset physical channels; The emergency wake-up signal is preferentially received on the channel with less interference; When a specific channel among the multiple preset physical channels is blocked by interference for a long time, the specific channel is skipped. Scan other channels among the multiple preset physical channels.

4. The low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned alert sleep mode, partially activating the radio frequency (RF) receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, thereby placing the RF receiving path in a partially activated state, includes: In the alert sleep mode, periodic scanning is performed on multiple preset physical channels; Energy detection is performed on multiple physical channels to identify narrowband interference in the multiple physical channels; Based on the energy detection results, adjust the scanning strategy of the radio frequency receiving path; The radio frequency receiving path preferentially receives the emergency wake-up signal on a channel with less interference; When a specific channel is blocked by the narrowband interference for a long time, the control logic of the Bluetooth chip skips the specific channel; Periodically re-evaluate skipped channels.

5. The low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abnormal trends of the detected environmental parameters, which indicate potential emergency situations, include: Multi-scale time series analysis of environmental parameter measurements; The measured values ​​of the environmental parameters are subjected to short-time Fourier transform to identify and filter out high-frequency random noise, thereby obtaining the denoised environmental parameter data; The denoised environmental parameter data is subjected to sliding window averaging to calculate the average value of multiple windows with different lengths; Compare the differences between the average values ​​of the multiple different window lengths to determine whether there is a continuous trend change; By combining the equipment operating status information, a background correlation analysis is performed on the fluctuations of the environmental parameters; Identify persistent trends that are inconsistent with the normal operating state of the device, and designate the persistent trends as the abnormal trends.

6. The low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned alert sleep mode, partially activating the radio frequency (RF) receiving path of the Bluetooth chip, thereby placing the RF receiving path in a partially activated state, includes: In the aforementioned alert sleep mode, periodic scanning is performed on multiple physical channels; Feature extraction is performed on the signals received on the multiple physical channels to obtain signal features; Based on the signal characteristics, determine whether the signal is an emergency wake-up signal; When the signal is determined to be an emergency wake-up signal, the Bluetooth chip is triggered to switch from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode. When the signal is determined to be a non-emergency wake-up signal, the Bluetooth chip is kept in the alert sleep mode.

7. A low-latency data transmission method for a Bluetooth chip according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of extracting features from signals received on the multiple physical channels to obtain signal features includes: Perform spectrum analysis on the received signal to identify the center frequency and bandwidth of the signal; The center frequency and bandwidth are compared with the preset frequency range and bandwidth of the emergency wake-up signal; If it is within the preset range, then the modulation type, chip sequence and power spectral density distribution of the signal are extracted; It periodically receives calibration signals from the central aggregation unit; Based on the deviation between the calibration signal and the preset features, the threshold or reference template for feature extraction is dynamically adjusted. When the ambient temperature changes beyond the preset range, the extracted signal features are corrected according to the temperature compensation curve. When an abnormal increase in channel energy is detected, the anti-interference mode is activated.

8. A low-latency data transmission module for a Bluetooth chip, characterized in that, include: The first detection unit is used to detect abnormal trends in environmental parameters when the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, and the abnormal trends indicate potential emergency situations. The first switching unit is used to switch the Bluetooth chip from the deep sleep mode to the alert sleep mode according to the abnormal trend. The power consumption of the alert sleep mode is lower than that of the full-function communication mode and higher than that of the deep sleep mode. An activation unit is used to activate the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip in the alert sleep mode, so that the critical clock oscillator is in a pre-activated state. The radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip is partially activated, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state; The second detection unit is used to detect emergency situations, including environmental parameters exceeding emergency thresholds or receiving external emergency wake-up signals. The second switching unit is used to switch the Bluetooth chip from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode according to the emergency situation. The transmission unit is used to transmit data using preset low-latency connection parameters in the full-function low-latency communication mode.

9. A low-latency data transmission system for a Bluetooth chip, characterized in that, include: The detection end is used to detect abnormal trends in environmental parameters when the Bluetooth chip is in deep sleep mode, and the abnormal trends indicate potential emergency situations. Based on the abnormal trend, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the deep sleep mode to the alert sleep mode, where the power consumption of the alert sleep mode is lower than that of the full-function communication mode but higher than that of the deep sleep mode. The activation terminal is used to activate the critical clock oscillator of the Bluetooth chip in the alert sleep mode, so that the critical clock oscillator is in a pre-activated state. The radio frequency receiving path of the Bluetooth chip is partially activated, so that the radio frequency receiving path is in a partially activated state; The switching end is used to detect emergency situations, including environmental parameters exceeding an emergency threshold or receiving an external emergency wake-up signal; based on the emergency situation, the Bluetooth chip is switched from the alert sleep mode to the full-function low-latency communication mode; the transmission end is used to transmit data in the full-function low-latency communication mode using preset low-latency connection parameters.

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