Tunnel arch supporting device for tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel arch supporting device for tunnel construction, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel supporting. The tunnel arch supporting device for tunnel construction comprises a tunnel arch, a supporting frame, a buffering assembly and a supporting assembly. An elastic arc-shaped supporting plate pushes a sliding block to slide, a piston is pulled to extrude air in a first air bin, impact kinetic energy of a tunnel on the elastic arc-shaped supporting plate is converted into internal energy of gas, energy is released through slow expansion of the gas, and therefore impact force is weakened, action time is prolonged, and the buffering effect is achieved; when the lateral side of the tunnel applies pressure to the abutting plate, the piston rod pushes the connecting column to move by extruding hydraulic oil, extra contraction driving force is applied to the connecting spring, the deformation limit of the connecting spring is increased, and the deformation of the connecting spring is reduced. Therefore, more energy is absorbed, and the buffering effect of the connecting spring can be enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel support technology, and in particular to a tunnel arch support device for tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels are engineering structures buried in the earth's strata, representing a form of human utilization of underground space. Common types of tunnels include traffic tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mining tunnels, and military tunnels. Tunnel construction mainly involves a series of projects before the tunnel is completed. The construction steps include pre-construction surveying, tunnel excavation, the first tunnel support, the second tunnel support, and post-construction treatment. During the tunnel construction and support process, support devices are required.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN116398199B, authorized and published on August 11, 2023, discloses a tunnel entrance support device. The tunnel entrance support device provided by this invention is small in size, simple in structure, and easy to disassemble and store. At the same time, the support range can be adjusted according to the size of the tunnel entrance, which greatly improves the applicability of the support device and has high economic practicality. However, the tunnel entrance support device can block the tunnel when in use, thereby affecting the material transport inside the tunnel. At the same time, the buffering effect of the device is low. After the tunnel is excavated, the surrounding rock will undergo a process of "stress release-deformation convergence" (especially soft rock, fractured rock, and high ground stress strata). Deformation often shows the characteristics of "rapid growth in the early stage and gradual stabilization in the later stage". If the buffering effect of the support frame is not good, it may cause the support frame to buckle locally due to "passive overload" or the support frame to be unable to absorb energy, resulting in breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tunnel arch support device for tunnel construction to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tunnel arch support device for tunnel construction, comprising a tunnel arch, a support frame installed inside the tunnel arch, the support frame being "U" shaped to ensure normal passage of the tunnel arch, a buffer component installed on the support frame to mitigate dynamic load impacts on both sides of the tunnel arch, adapt to tunnel deformation, and avoid brittle damage to the tunnel structure, and a support component installed on the support frame to support the top of the tunnel arch and prevent tunnel collapse.

[0006] Furthermore, the support component includes a support mechanism and a buffer mechanism.

[0007] The support mechanism includes an elastic arc-shaped support plate mounted on a buffer mechanism. A sleeve is installed on the outer wall of the elastic arc-shaped support plate. A support rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. A connector is connected to the outer wall of one end of the support rod. A connecting rod is connected to the inner wall of the connector. A support plate adapted to a tunnel arch is provided on the outer wall of one end of the connecting rod. Multiple sets of movable blocks are evenly spaced along the circumference of the support rod on the outer wall of the elastic arc-shaped support plate. Threads are combined on the outer walls of the multiple sets of movable blocks. Nuts are connected to the surfaces of the multiple sets of movable blocks through the threads.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple sets of sleeves are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the elastic arc-shaped support plate, and the multiple sets of sleeves are connected by connecting pipes. A first valve is installed on the outer wall of one of the sleeves. At least one connecting member is provided, and an installation rod is installed between two adjacent sets of connecting members.

[0009] Furthermore, the buffer mechanism includes a slide rail mounted on the outer wall of the top of the support frame, and the slide rail is symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the support frame. A slider adapted to an elastic arc-shaped support plate is provided on the outer wall of the slide rail. A fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one slider, and a fixed column is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the other slider. A first air chamber is opened on the inner wall of the fixed shaft, and a through hole is opened on the inner wall of the fixed shaft. A connecting shaft adapted to the through hole is provided on the outer wall of the fixed column. A piston adapted to the first air chamber is provided on the outer wall of the connecting shaft, and a second valve is adapted to the first air chamber on the outer wall of the fixed shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a second air chamber adapted to a through hole is provided on the inner wall of the fixed shaft, a push plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second air chamber, a compression spring adapted to the push plate is provided on the inner wall of the second air chamber, a third air valve adapted to the second air chamber is provided on the outer wall of the fixed shaft, and an air outlet adapted to the through hole is provided on the outer wall of the fixed shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the air outlet includes an air inlet channel and a resonance cavity, a guide plate is installed between the air inlet channel and the resonance cavity, one end of the air inlet channel is connected to a through hole, an air outlet is provided on the outer wall of the fixed shaft, and a cross section is provided on the inner wall of the air outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the two sets of slide rails that are furthest apart are fixedly connected by a first baffle, and the outer wall of the support frame is threaded with a bolt, the outer wall of which is penetrated by a second baffle.

[0013] Furthermore, the buffer assembly includes a connecting plate installed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the support frame. A hydraulic chamber is formed on the outer wall of the support frame. A piston rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber. An abutment plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the piston rod. A connecting spring adapted to the piston rod is provided on the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber. A sliding groove adapted to the hydraulic chamber is provided on the inner wall of the support frame. A connecting column is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove. A buffer spring adapted to the abutment plate is provided on the outer wall of the connecting column.

[0014] Furthermore, the buffer springs are arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the contact plate, and multiple sets of hydraulic chambers are arranged along the axial direction of the support frame.

[0015] Unlike existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The stress released by the rock in the tunnel is transferred to the surface of the elastic arc-shaped support plate via the support plate. The force at both ends of the elastic arc-shaped support plate pushes the slider to slide on the surface of the slide rail, thereby separating the fixed shaft and the fixed column. This pulls the piston to compress the air inside the first air chamber, converting the impact kinetic energy of the rock in the tunnel on the elastic arc-shaped support plate into the internal energy of the gas. The slow expansion of the gas releases this energy, thus weakening the impact force, extending the action time, and achieving a buffering effect. When the load on the elastic arc-shaped support plate reaches its maximum, the connecting shaft releases the restriction on the air outlet. At this time, the air inside the second air chamber is discharged through the air outlet and a warning sound is emitted, alerting workers to a dangerous situation in the tunnel. When the rock on the side of the tunnel releases stress, it applies pressure to the contact plate. At this time, the piston rod compresses the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic chamber and pushes the connecting column to compress the connecting spring, applying additional contraction driving force to the connecting spring, increasing the limit of the connecting spring's deformation, thereby absorbing more energy and enhancing the buffering effect of the connecting spring, reducing the impact force of the rock on the support frame from the side of the tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working appearance structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the support frame of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the connecting column and the buffer spring in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the slide rail and the slider of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking structure of the connecting rod and the support plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking structure of the movable block and the thread in this invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the fixed shaft and the fixed column of the present invention cooperate with each other;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the second air chamber and the through hole in this invention;

[0024] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Tunnel arch; 2. Support frame; 3. Hydraulic chamber; 4. Piston rod; 5. Contact plate; 6. Connecting spring; 7. Slide groove; 8. Connecting column; 9. Buffer spring; 10. Connecting plate; 11. Slide rail; 12. Slider; 13. Elastic arc-shaped support plate; 14. Sleeve; 15. Connecting pipe; 16. First valve; 17. Support rod; 18. Connecting piece; 19. Connecting rod; 20. Support plate; 21. Movable block; 22. Thread; 23. Screw 24. Cap; 25. Fixed shaft; 26. Fixed column; 27. First air chamber; 28. Second air chamber; 29. ​​Through hole; 30. Connecting shaft; 31. Piston; 32. Second valve; 33. Push plate; 34. Compression spring; 35. Third valve; 36. Air outlet; 37. Air inlet channel; 38. Resonance cavity; 39. Guide plate; 30. Air outlet; 31. Section; 32. First baffle; 33. Second baffle; 34. Bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Please see Figures 1-10The present invention provides a technical solution: a tunnel arch support device for tunnel construction, including a tunnel arch 1, a support frame 2 installed inside the tunnel arch 1, the support frame 2 being "U" shaped to ensure normal passage of the tunnel arch 1, a buffer component installed on the support frame 2 to mitigate the impact of dynamic loads on both sides of the tunnel arch 1, adapt to tunnel deformation, and avoid brittle damage to the tunnel structure, and a support component installed on the support frame 2 to support the top of the tunnel arch 1 and prevent tunnel collapse.

[0031] The support assembly includes a support mechanism and a buffer mechanism. The support mechanism includes an elastic arc-shaped support plate 13 mounted on the buffer mechanism. A sleeve 14 is installed on the outer wall of the elastic arc-shaped support plate 13. A support rod 17 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 14. A connector 18 is connected to the outer wall of one end of the support rod 17. A connecting rod 19 is connected to the inner wall of the connector 18. A support plate 20 adapted to the tunnel arch 1 is provided on the outer wall of one end of the connecting rod 19. Multiple sets of movable blocks 21 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the support rod 17 on the outer wall of the elastic arc-shaped support plate 13. Threads 22 are combined on the outer walls of the multiple sets of movable blocks 21. Nuts 23 are connected to the surfaces of the multiple sets of movable blocks 21 through the threads 22.

[0032] Multiple sets of sleeves 14 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the elastic arc support plate 13. The multiple sets of sleeves 14 are connected by connecting pipes 15. A first valve 16 is installed on the outer wall of one of the sleeves 14. At least one connecting member 18 is provided, and an installation rod is added between two adjacent sets of connecting members 18.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in use, after the tunnel arch 1 is installed inside the tunnel arch 1, the connecting rod 19 is fixed to the surface of the support rod 17 by means of the connector 18 (the connector 18 is existing technology and will not be described in detail in this embodiment; specifically, refer to the surface where the two semi-circular arc pieces fit together with the support rod 17 and the connecting rod 19, and then connect the two semi-circular arc pieces with screws, and clamp the support rod 17 and the connecting rod 19 to complete the connection of the support rod 17 and the connecting rod 19). During this process, according to the distance between the elastic arc support plate 13 and the top of the tunnel arch 1, an appropriate number of mounting rods can be added to the brackets of the support rod 17 and the connecting rod 19 and fixed by the connector 18 to ensure that the support plate 20 can contact the top of the tunnel arch 1. Then, the air pump is connected to the first air valve 1 through the air injection pipe. 6. Connect the sleeve 14 and inject air into it. Connect the multiple sleeves 14 with the connecting pipe 15 so that the pressure inside the multiple sleeves 14 can increase synchronously. This pushes the support rod 17 upward into the sleeve 14 and pushes the support plate 20 to the top surface of the tunnel arch 1 through the connecting rod 19. The support plate 20 then presses against the inner wall of the tunnel arch 1. Then, rotate the nut 23 so that the nut 23 slides upward along the surface of the multiple movable blocks 21 through the thread 22 and presses the top of the multiple movable blocks 21 to contract towards the surface of the support rod 17. This allows the multiple movable blocks 21 to press against the surface of the support rod 17, thereby clamping and fixing the support rod 17. This enhances the structural rigidity of the connection between the support rod 17 and the elastic arc support plate 13 and ensures the stability of the support plate 20 in supporting the tunnel arch 1.

[0034] The buffer mechanism includes a slide rail 11 mounted on the outer wall of the top of the support frame 2, and the slide rail 11 is symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the support frame 2. A slider 12 adapted to an elastic arc-shaped support plate 13 is provided on the outer wall of the slide rail 11. A fixed shaft 24 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one slider 12, and a fixed column 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the other slider 12. A first air chamber 26 is provided on the inner wall of the fixed shaft 24, and a through hole 28 is provided on the inner wall of the fixed shaft 24. A connecting shaft 29 adapted to the through hole 28 is provided on the outer wall of the fixed column 25. A piston 30 adapted to the first air chamber 26 is provided on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 29, and a second valve 31 adapted to the first air chamber 26 is provided on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 24.

[0035] The inner wall of the fixed shaft 24 is provided with a second air chamber 27 adapted to the through hole 28. A push plate 32 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second air chamber 27. A compression spring 33 adapted to the push plate 32 is provided on the inner wall of the second air chamber 27. A third air valve 34 adapted to the second air chamber 27 is provided on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 24. An air outlet 35 adapted to the through hole 28 is provided on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 24.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 7and Figure 8 As shown, during use, the air pump is first connected to the second air valve 31 and the third air valve 34 through the air injection pipe, and injects compressible high-pressure air into the first air chamber 26 and the second air chamber 27 through the second air valve 31 and the third air valve 34. When the rock in the tunnel releases stress, it will exert pressure on the support plate 20. The support plate 20 then transmits this force to the surface of the elastic arc-shaped support plate 13 through the connecting rod 19 and the support rod 17. At this time, the elastic arc-shaped support plate 13 deforms under the force, causing both ends of the elastic arc-shaped support plate 13 to extend outward and push the slider 12 to slide on the surface of the slide rail 11. When the slider 12 slides on the surface of the slide rail 11, three situations will occur: one is to drive the fixed shaft 24 to move, another is to drive the fixed column 25 to move, or the other is... When the fixed shaft 24 and fixed column 25 move, regardless of which situation occurs, the fixed shaft 24 and fixed column 25 will separate. At the same time, the connecting shaft 29 will pull the piston 30 to compress the air inside the first air chamber 26, converting the impact kinetic energy of the rock in the tunnel on the elastic arc support plate 13 into the internal energy (pressure energy and thermal energy) of the gas. The energy is released through the slow expansion of the gas, thereby weakening the impact force, prolonging the action time, and achieving a buffering effect. When the impact speed of the rock in the tunnel on the elastic arc support plate 13 drops to zero, the compressed air inside the first air chamber 26 begins to slowly expand, increasing in volume and decreasing in pressure, gradually releasing the stored pressure energy into the kinetic energy of the gas and pushing the piston 30 to reset, ultimately restoring the elastic arc support plate 13 to its initial state.

[0037] When the rock inside the tunnel exerts excessive impact on the elastic arc support plate 13 or when a rock collapse occurs inside the tunnel, the two ends of the elastic arc support plate 13 push the slider 12 to slide to the maximum extent on the surface of the slide rail 11. At this time, the slider 12 drives the separation of the fixed shaft 24 and the fixed column 25, allowing the connecting shaft 29 to slide inside the through hole 28. When the connecting shaft 29 slides below the air outlet 35, it can release the restriction on the air outlet 35. At this time, the air inside the second air chamber 27 enters the interior of the through hole 28 and is discharged through the air outlet 35, emitting a warning sound, thereby alerting the workers that there is a dangerous situation in the tunnel. When the pressure inside the second air chamber 27 returns to normal, the compression spring 33 can push the push plate 32 to release the air inside the second air chamber 27, thereby prolonging the alarm sound time.

[0038] The air outlet 35 includes an air inlet channel 3501 and a resonance cavity 3502. A guide plate 3503 is installed between the air inlet channel 3501 and the resonance cavity 3502. One end of the air inlet channel 3501 is connected to the through hole 28. An air outlet 3504 is provided on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 24. A cross section 3505 is provided on the inner wall of the air outlet 3504.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 10As shown, during use, when the gas inside the second air chamber 27 enters the through hole 28, it enters the air intake channel 3501. The air entering the air intake channel 3501 is guided by the guide plate 3503 and blown towards the surface of the section 3505. The section 3505 splits the airflow into two streams and produces a sound. One stream of air is discharged through the air outlet 3504, and the other stream enters the resonance cavity 3502. The air vibrates due to the collision of air inside the resonance cavity 3502, and the vibration amplifies the sound, thereby achieving the warning function.

[0040] The two sets of slide rails 11 are fixedly connected by a first baffle 36 at the farthest point. The outer wall of the support frame 2 is threaded with a bolt 38, and the outer wall of the bolt 38 is penetrated by a second baffle 37.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, in use, after the slider 12 is slidably connected to the slide rail 11, the second baffle 37 is fixed to one end of the slide rail 11 by bolt 38, and together with the first baffle 36, the slider 12 is limited to prevent it from sliding off the surface of the slide rail 11, thus ensuring the stability of the slider 12 during operation. In the initial state, one end of the slider 12 is in contact with the second baffle 37, so that when the elastic arc support plate 13 is subjected to oblique force, one slider 12 slides, while the other slider 12 remains stationary due to the limitation of the second baffle 37, preventing the two ends of the elastic arc support plate 13 from moving in one direction.

[0042] The buffer assembly includes a connecting plate 10 installed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the support frame 2. A hydraulic chamber 3 is provided on the outer wall of the support frame 2. A piston rod 4 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber 3. An abutment plate 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the piston rod 4. A connecting spring 6 adapted to the piston rod 4 is provided on the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber 3. A sliding groove 7 adapted to the hydraulic chamber 3 is provided on the inner wall of the support frame 2. A connecting column 8 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 7. A buffer spring 9 adapted to the abutment plate 5 is provided on the outer wall of the connecting column 8.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 9As shown, during use, when the rock on the side of the tunnel releases stress, it applies pressure to the contact plate 5. At this time, the contact plate 5 moves towards the support frame 2 and squeezes the buffer spring 9. Simultaneously, it pushes the piston rod 4 to slide into the hydraulic chamber 3 and squeezes the connecting spring 6. When the piston rod 4 slides into the hydraulic chamber 3, it squeezes the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic chamber 3, thereby squeezing the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic chamber 3 into the slide groove 7 and pushing the connecting column 8 to slide outward. This causes the connecting column 8 to push the connecting spring 6 to move in its contraction direction. Because the diameter of the hydraulic chamber 3 is smaller than the diameter of the slide groove 7, and with the setting of one hydraulic chamber 3 connecting two slide grooves 7, when the piston rod 4 slides into the hydraulic chamber 3, it can push the connecting column 8 to slowly slide outward and squeeze the connecting spring 6, and apply additional contraction driving force to the connecting spring 6, increasing the deformation limit of the connecting spring 6, thereby absorbing more energy and enhancing the buffering effect of the connecting spring 6, reducing the impact force of the rock on the support frame 2.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel arch support device for tunnel construction, characterized by, The utility model relates to a tunnel arch (1) is provided with support frame (2) and buffer assembly, support frame (2) is installed in tunnel arch (1), support frame (2) is " " type, ensures the normal traffic of tunnel arch (1), buffer assembly is installed on support frame (2), is used for relieving the dynamic load impact of both sides of tunnel arch (1), adapts tunnel deformation, avoids tunnel structure fragility damage, support assembly is installed on support frame (2), is used for supporting the above of tunnel arch (1), prevents tunnel collapse. The support assembly comprises a supporting mechanism and a buffer mechanism. The supporting mechanism comprises an elastic arc-shaped supporting plate (13) installed on the buffer mechanism, a sleeve (14) is installed on the outer wall of the elastic arc-shaped supporting plate (13), a supporting rod (17) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the sleeve (14), a connecting piece (18) is connected to the outer wall of one end of the supporting rod (17), a connecting rod (19) is connected to the inner wall of the connecting piece (18), a supporting plate (20) adapted to the tunnel arch (1) is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the connecting rod (19), a plurality of movable blocks (21) are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the elastic arc-shaped supporting plate (13) along the circumferential direction of the supporting rod (17), a plurality of threads (22) are formed on the outer walls of the plurality of movable blocks (21) in a combined manner, and a plurality of nuts (23) are connected to the surfaces of the plurality of movable blocks (21) through the threads (22). A plurality of sleeves (14) are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the elastic arc-shaped supporting plate (13), the plurality of sleeves (14) are connected through connecting pipes (15), a first air nozzle (16) is installed on the outer wall of one of the sleeves (14), at least one connecting piece (18) is arranged, and a mounting rod is additionally arranged between the connecting pieces (18). The buffer mechanism comprises a sliding rail (11) installed on the outer wall of the top end of the support frame (2), and the sliding rail (11) is symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the support frame (2), a sliding block (12) adapted to the elastic arc-shaped supporting plate (13) is arranged on the outer wall of the sliding rail (11), a fixed shaft (24) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the sliding blocks (12), a fixed column (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the other sliding block (12), a first air chamber (26) is formed in the inner wall of the fixed shaft (24), a through hole (28) is formed in the inner wall of the fixed shaft (24), a connecting shaft (29) adapted to the through hole (28) is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed column (25), a piston (30) adapted to the first air chamber (26) is arranged on the outer wall of the connecting shaft (29), and a second air nozzle (31) adapted to the first air chamber (26) is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed shaft (24).

2. The tunnel arch supporting device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ ​ 3. The tunnel arch support device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ 4. The tunnel arch supporting device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ 5. The tunnel portal support device for tunnel construction of claim 4, wherein: The inner wall of the fixed shaft (24) is provided with a through hole (28) matched with a second air chamber (27), the inner wall of the second air chamber (27) is slidably connected with a push plate (32), the inner wall of the second air chamber (27) is provided with an extrusion spring (33) matched with the push plate (32), the outer wall of the fixed shaft (24) is provided with a third air nozzle (34) matched with the second air chamber (27), and the outer wall of the fixed shaft (24) is provided with an air outlet (35) matched with the through hole (28).

6. The tunnel portal support device for tunnel construction of claim 5, wherein: The air outlet (35) comprises an air inlet channel (3501) and a resonance cavity (3502), a flow guide plate (3503) is installed between the air inlet channel (3501) and the resonance cavity (3502), one end of the air inlet channel (3501) is connected with the through hole (28), the outer wall of the fixed shaft (24) is provided with an air outlet hole (3504), and the inner wall of the air outlet hole (3504) is provided with a cross section (3505).

7. The tunnel portal support device for tunnel construction of claim 4, wherein: The farthest fixed connection between the two groups of slide rails (11) is provided with a first baffle (36), the outer wall of the support frame (2) is threadedly connected with a bolt (38), and the outer wall of the bolt (38) penetrates the second baffle (37).

8. The tunnel portal support device for tunnel construction of claim 1, wherein: The buffer assembly comprises a connecting plate (10) installed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the support frame (2), the outer wall of the support frame (2) is provided with a hydraulic chamber (3), the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber (3) is slidably connected with a piston rod (4), the outer wall of the piston rod (4) is fixedly connected with an abutting plate (5), the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber (3) is provided with a connecting spring (6) matched with the piston rod (4), the inner wall of the support frame (2) is provided with a sliding groove (7) matched with the hydraulic chamber (3), the inner wall of the sliding groove (7) is slidably connected with a connecting column (8), and the outer wall of the connecting column (8) is provided with a buffer spring (9) matched with the abutting plate (5).

9. The tunnel portal support apparatus for tunnel construction of claim 8, wherein: The buffer spring (9) is symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the abutting plate (5), and the hydraulic chamber (3) is provided with a plurality of groups in the axial direction of the support frame (2).

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