Self-adjusting ultra-high-temperature heat pump unit and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adjusting ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and an operation method thereof.The system adopts absorption type circulation and compression type circulation at the same time, real-time adjustment of the system working medium filling amount is achieved through an adjusting device, on the premise that safe operation of the system is guaranteed, the water outlet temperature and the energy efficiency ratio are remarkably increased, and the energy efficiency is improved. Compared with the prior art on the market, the heat pump has more excellent stability and energy-saving effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-high temperature heat pump technology, and in particular to a self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operating method that can automatically adjust its operating status according to changes in operating conditions to achieve efficient and stable production of ultra-high temperature hot water. Background Technology

[0002] At present, the demand for high-temperature heat sources in industrial production, centralized heating and other fields is increasing. Traditional heating methods mainly include gas boilers, electric heating and conventional heat pump systems. Although heat pumps have advantages such as high energy efficiency, low operating cost and environmental protection, existing heat pump systems generally have the following problems: (1) The outlet water temperature is affected by the compressor's temperature resistance performance, the critical temperature of the working fluid and the system's safety pressure. The heating temperature usually does not exceed 50-60℃, which is difficult to meet the needs of some high-temperature processes; (2) When the ambient temperature or heat source conditions fluctuate, the system cannot automatically adjust the operating parameters according to the working conditions, which can easily lead to problems such as decreased energy efficiency, frequent start-up and shutdown or even failure shutdown.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method. This system employs both absorption and compression circulation, and uses a regulating device to achieve real-time adjustment of the working fluid charge. While ensuring safe system operation, it significantly improves the outlet water temperature and energy efficiency ratio, exhibiting excellent stability and energy-saving effects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application discloses a self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method. The heat pump includes: condenser A (1), condenser B (2), generator (3), evaporator (4), coupling heat exchanger (5), absorber (6), heat exchanger (7), solution pump (8), regulating device A (9), regulating device B (10), throttle valve A (11), throttle valve B (12), throttle valve C (13), throttle valve D (14), compressor A (15), compressor B (16), compressor C (17), hot water inlet (18), hot water outlet (19), drive heat source inlet (20), drive heat source outlet (21), cold source inlet (22), and cold source outlet (23).

[0005] The self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method are described below. Condenser A (1) is connected to hot water inlet (18), hot water outlet (19), throttle valve C (13), and compressor A (15); condenser B (2) is connected to throttle valve B (12) and compressor B (16); generator (3) is connected to drive heat source inlet (20), drive heat source outlet (21), heat exchanger (7), and compressor B (16); evaporator (4) is connected to regulating device A (9), throttle valve A (11), compressor C (17), cold source inlet (22), and cold source outlet (23); coupling heat exchanger (5) is connected to throttle valve A (11), compressor C (17), absorber (6), and throttle valve B (12); absorber (6) is connected to throttle valve D (14), solution pump (8), and coupling heat exchanger (5); heat exchanger (7) is connected to generator (3), solution pump (8), and throttle valve B (15). Flow valve D (14) is connected, solution pump (8) is connected to absorber (6) and heat exchanger (7), regulating device A (9) is connected to throttle valve C (13) and evaporator (4), regulating device B (10) is connected to compressor A (15) and compressor C (17), throttle valve A (11) is connected to evaporator (4) and coupling heat exchanger (5), throttle valve B (12) is connected to condenser B (2) and coupling heat exchanger (5), throttle valve C (13) is connected to condenser A (1), regulating device A (9) and compressor A (15), throttle valve D (14) is connected to absorber (6) and heat exchanger (7), compressor A (15) is connected to condenser A (1) and throttle valve C (13), compressor B (16) is connected to condenser B (2) and generator (3), and compressor C (17) is connected to evaporator (4), coupling heat exchanger (5) and regulating device B (10).

[0006] The self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method are described in which the driving heat source enters the generator (3) through the driving heat source inlet (20), releases heat, and then leaves through the driving heat source outlet (21); the hot water is heated through the condenser A (1) through the hot water inlet (18) and then leaves through the hot water outlet (19); and the cold source releases heat through the evaporator (4) through the cold source inlet (22) and then leaves through the cold source outlet (23).

[0007] The self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method include two cycles: an absorption cycle and a compression cycle. The absorption cycle uses a solution of working fluid A and working fluid B, where working fluid A is the absorbent and working fluid B is the refrigerant. The compression cycle uses working fluid C. The mixed solution of working fluid A and working fluid B is heated by a driving heat source in the generator (3) and a portion of working fluid B vapor is separated. Working fluid B passes through the compressor B (16), condenser B (2), throttle valve B (12), and coupling heat exchanger (5) in sequence to complete the phase change. In the heat exchange process, the solution of working fluid A and working fluid B enters the absorber (6). After absorbing working fluid B in the absorber (6), the concentration decreases. Then, it passes through the solution pump (8) and the heat exchanger (7) to enter the generator (3). The solution of working fluid A and working fluid B is heated by the driven heat source in the generator (3), and the concentration increases. Then, it passes through the throttle valve D (14) and the heat exchanger (7) to enter the absorber (6). After absorbing working fluid B in the absorber (6), the concentration decreases. Then, it passes through the solution pump (8) and the heat exchanger (7) to enter the absorber (6). The evaporator (7) returns to the generator (3); in the evaporator (4), the working fluid C is heated by the cold source and becomes vapor. After being pressurized by the compressor C (17), it enters the coupled heat exchanger (5) for condensation and heat release. Then, the liquid working fluid C enters the throttle valve A (11) for pressure reduction and enters the evaporator (4). The working fluid C in the condenser (1) enters the throttle valve C (13) for pressure reduction. After being heated by the condenser B (2) and the absorber (6), it becomes vapor. After being pressurized by the compressor A (15), it enters the condenser A (1) for condensation and heat release. When the evaporator... When the temperature of (4) and condenser A (1) changes, regulating device A (9) and regulating device B (10) automatically adjust to adjust the amount of working fluid C charged in the two compression cycles. When the evaporation temperature of evaporator (4) changes, a portion of the working fluid C gas flowing out from compressor C (17) flows out through regulating device B (10) and into compressor A (15). When the condensation temperature of condenser A (1) changes, a portion of the working fluid C flowing out from throttle valve C (13) flows into evaporator (4) through regulating device A (9).

[0008] The self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method are described above. The heat generated by the heat exchange process of condenser A (1) is used to heat the hot water. The heat required for the evaporation of the working fluid in evaporator (4) comes from the cold source. The heat required for the evaporation of working fluid C in condenser B (2) and absorber (6) comes from the heat released by the mixed solution of working fluid A and working fluid B.

[0009] The self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method are described above. The unit adopts a combined absorption and compression system. The absorption cycle and compression cycle are coupled using a coupling heat exchanger. Heat exchange can be directly performed without a third-party heat exchange medium, which reduces irreversible heat exchange losses inside the heat exchanger.

[0010] The self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method are described below. Working fluid A is lithium bromide or a combination of different salts; working fluid B is water or Freon; and working fluid C is a mixed working fluid or a natural working fluid. The mixed working fluid is prepared by mixing two Freon working fluids (such as R134a+R245fa, R152a+R245fa, R134a+R142b, R152a+R142b, R227ea+R142b, etc.) at a mass fraction ranging from 10% to 95%. This mixed working fluid exhibits significant "temperature glide" characteristics during evaporation and condensation, causing the working fluid temperature to gradually change along the heat exchange process. This effectively reduces the minimum temperature difference between the evaporator and condenser, lowers irreversible losses in the heat exchange process, and improves overall cycle performance.

[0011] The self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method are described above. The compressors A (15) and C (17) of the compression cycle are piston type, scroll type, centrifugal type or screw type.

[0012] The self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method are described above. The regulating device A (9) and regulating device B (10) can automatically adjust the distribution ratio of the working fluid C in the two compression cycles when the system evaporation temperature and condensation temperature fluctuate, so that the pressure and temperature inside the unit are always maintained within a reasonable range. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of a self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method.

[0014] 1-Condenser A, 2-Condenser B, 3-Generator, 4-Evaporator, 5-Coupled Heat Exchanger, 6-Absorber, 7-Heat Exchanger, 8-Solution Pump, 9-Regulating Device A, 10-Regulating Device B, 11-Throttle Valve A, 12-Throttle Valve B, 13-Throttle Valve C, 14-Throttle Valve D, 15-Compressor A, 16-Compressor B, 17-Compressor C, 18-Hot Water Inlet, 19-Hot Water Outlet, 20-Drive Heat Source Inlet, 21-Drive Heat Source Outlet, 22-Air Source Inlet, 23-Air Source Outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this invention, and should not be construed as limiting this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0016] In this embodiment, working fluid A is lithium bromide, working fluid B is water, working fluid C is R134a, the driving heat source is steam or hot water, the cold source is air, and the hot water temperature is 50°C.

[0017] The system flow of this embodiment is attached. Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment includes: condenser A (1), condenser B (2), generator (3), evaporator (4), coupling heat exchanger (5), absorber (6), heat exchanger (7), solution pump (8), regulating device A (9), regulating device B (10), throttle valve A (11), throttle valve B (12), throttle valve C (13), throttle valve D (14), compressor A (15), compressor B (16), compressor C (17), hot water inlet (18), hot water outlet (19), drive heat source inlet (20), drive heat source outlet (21), air source inlet (22), and air source outlet (23).

[0018] In this embodiment, condenser A (1) is connected to hot water inlet (18), hot water outlet (19), throttle valve C (13), and compressor A (15); condenser B (2) is connected to throttle valve B (12) and compressor B (16); generator (3) is connected to drive heat source inlet (20), drive heat source outlet (21), heat exchanger (7), and compressor B (16); evaporator (4) is connected to regulating device A (9), throttle valve A (11), compressor C (17), cold source inlet (22), and cold source outlet (23); coupling heat exchanger (5) is connected to throttle valve A (11), compressor C (17), absorber (6), and throttle valve B (12); absorber (6) is connected to throttle valve D (14), solution pump (8), and coupling heat exchanger (5); and heat exchanger (7) is connected to generator (3), solution pump (8), and throttle valve D (14). The solution pump (8) is connected to the absorber (6) and the heat exchanger (7). The regulating device A (9) is connected to the throttle valve C (13) and the evaporator (4). The regulating device B (10) is connected to the compressor A (15) and the compressor C (17). The throttle valve A (11) is connected to the evaporator (4) and the coupled heat exchanger (5). The throttle valve B (12) is connected to the condenser B (2) and the coupled heat exchanger (5). The throttle valve C (13) is connected to the condenser A (1), the regulating device A (9), and the compressor A (15). The throttle valve D (14) is connected to the absorber (6) and the heat exchanger (7). The compressor A (15) is connected to the condenser A (1) and the throttle valve C (13). The compressor B (16) is connected to the condenser B (2) and the generator (3). The compressor C (17) is connected to the evaporator (4), the coupled heat exchanger (5), and the regulating device B (10).

[0019] In this embodiment, the unit includes two cycles: an absorption cycle and a compression cycle. The absorption cycle uses a solution of lithium bromide and water, where lithium bromide is the absorbent and water B is the refrigerant. The compression cycle uses R134a. The lithium bromide solution is heated by a driving heat source in the generator (3) and then separated into water vapor. The water vapor passes through the compressor B (16), condenser B (2), throttle valve B (12), and coupling heat exchanger (5) to complete the phase change heat transfer process and enters the absorber (6). The lithium bromide solution... After absorbing working fluid B in the absorber (6), the concentration decreases, and then it passes through the solution pump (8) and heat exchanger (7) to enter the generator (3). The lithium bromide solution is heated by the driven heat source in the generator (3) and its concentration increases. It then passes through the throttle valve D (14) and heat exchanger (7) to return to the absorber (6). The lithium bromide solution absorbs water vapor in the absorber (6) and its concentration decreases, and then passes through the solution pump (8) and heat exchanger (7) to return to the generator (3). The R134a in the evaporator (4) is absorbed by the air. After being heated, the R134a becomes vapor. Its pressure is increased by compressor C (17) and then it enters the coupled heat exchanger (5) for condensation and heat release. Then, the liquid R134a enters the throttle valve A (11) for pressure reduction and enters the evaporator (4). The R134a in the condenser (1) enters the throttle valve C (13) for pressure reduction. After being heated by condenser B (2) and absorber (6), it becomes vapor. Its pressure is increased by compressor A (15) and then it enters the condenser A (1) for condensation and heat release. When the temperatures of the evaporator (4) and condenser A (1) rise... When the temperature changes, regulating device A (9) and regulating device B (10) automatically adjust to adjust the amount of R134a charged in the two compression cycles. When the evaporation temperature of the evaporator (4) changes, a portion of the R134a gas flowing out from the compressor C (17) flows out through regulating device B (10) and into the compressor A (15). When the condensation temperature of the condenser A (1) changes, a portion of the R134a flowing out from the throttle valve C (13) flows into the evaporator (4) through regulating device A (9).

[0020] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-regulating ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and a method for operating the same, characterized in that: The heat pump comprises a condenser A (1), a condenser B (2), a generator (3), an evaporator (4), a coupling heat exchanger (5), an absorber (6), a heat exchanger (7), a solution pump (8), a regulating device A (9), a regulating device B (10), a throttle valve A (11), a throttle valve B (12), a throttle valve C (13), a throttle valve D (14), a compressor A (15), a compressor B (16), a compressor C (17), a hot water inlet (18), a hot water outlet (19), a driving heat source inlet (20), a driving heat source outlet (21), a cold source inlet (22), a cold source outlet (23); the condenser A (1) is connected with the hot water inlet (18), the hot water outlet (19), the throttle valve C (13) and the compressor A (15); the condenser B (2) is connected with the throttle valve B (12) and the compressor B (16); the generator (3) is connected with the driving heat source inlet (20), the driving heat source outlet (21), the heat exchanger (7) and the compressor B (16); the evaporator (4) is connected with the regulating device A (9), the throttle valve A (11), the compressor C (17), the cold source inlet (22) and the cold source outlet (23); the coupling heat exchanger (5) is connected with the throttle valve A (11), the compressor C (17), the absorber (6) and the throttle valve B (12); the absorber (6) is connected with the throttle valve D (14), the solution pump (8) and the coupling heat exchanger (5); the heat exchanger (7) is connected with the generator (3), the solution pump (8) and the throttle valve D (14); the solution pump (8) is connected with the absorber (6) and the heat exchanger (7); the regulating device A (9) is connected with the throttle valve C (13) and the evaporator (4); the regulating device B (10) is connected with the compressor A (15) and the compressor C (17); the throttle valve A (11) is connected with the evaporator (4) and the coupling heat exchanger (5); the throttle valve B (12) is connected with the condenser B (2) and the coupling heat exchanger (5); the throttle valve C (13) is connected with the condenser A (1), the regulating device A (9) and the compressor A (15); the throttle valve D (14) is connected with the absorber (6) and the heat exchanger (7); the compressor A (15) is connected with the condenser A (1) and the throttle valve C (13); the compressor B (16) is connected with the condenser B (2) and the generator (3); the compressor C (17) is connected with the evaporator (4), the coupling heat exchanger (5) and the regulating device B (10); the driving heat source enters the generator (3) through the driving heat source inlet (20), releases heat and then leaves from the driving heat source outlet (21); the hot water enters the condenser A (1) through the hot water inlet (18), is heated and then leaves from the hot water outlet (19); the cold source enters the evaporator (4) through the cold source inlet (22), releases heat and then leaves from the cold source outlet (23); the unit comprises an absorption cycle and a compression cycle; the absorption cycle adopts a solution of working medium A and working medium B, wherein the working medium A is an absorbent and the working medium B is a refrigerant; the compression cycle adopts working medium C.The mixed solution of working medium A and working medium B is heated by the heat source in the generator (3) to separate part of working medium B steam, and working medium B passes through the compressor B (16), the condenser B (2), the throttle valve B (12) and the coupled heat exchanger (5) to complete the phase change heat exchange process, enters the absorber (6), and the mixed solution of working medium A and working medium B is reduced in concentration after absorbing working medium B in the absorber (6), and then passes through the solution pump (8) and the heat exchanger (7) to enter the generator (3), and the mixed solution of working medium A and working medium B is increased in concentration after being heated by the heat source in the generator (3), passes through the throttle valve D (14) and the heat exchanger (7) to enter the absorber (6), and the mixed solution of working medium A and working medium B is reduced in concentration after absorbing working medium B in the absorber (6), and then passes through the solution pump (8) and the heat exchanger (7) to return to the generator (3); working medium C is changed into gaseous state after being heated by the cold source in the evaporator (4), passes through the compressor C (17) to increase the pressure, enters the coupled heat exchanger (5) to condense and release heat, and then the liquid working medium C enters the throttle valve A (11) to reduce the pressure and enter the evaporator (4), working medium C in the condenser (1) enters the throttle valve C (13) to reduce the pressure, is heated in the condenser B (2) and the absorber (6) to become gaseous state, passes through the compressor A (15) to increase the pressure, and then enters the condenser A (1) to condense and release heat; when the temperature of the evaporator (4) and the condenser A (1) changes, the adjusting device A (9) and the adjusting device B (10) automatically adjust to adjust the charge amount of working medium C in the two compression cycles, when the evaporation temperature of the evaporator (4) changes, part of working medium C gas flowing out of the compressor C (17) flows out through the adjusting device B (10) and flows into the compressor A (15), and when the condensation temperature of the condenser A (1) changes, part of working medium C flowing out of the throttle valve C (13) flows into the evaporator (4) through the adjusting device A (9).

2. A self-adjusting ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat generated by the heat exchange process of condenser A (1) is used to heat hot water; the heat required for the evaporation of the working medium in evaporator (4) is derived from the cold source, and the heat required for the evaporation of working medium C in condenser B (2) and absorber (6) is derived from the heat released by the mixed solution of working medium A and working medium B.

3. A self-adjusting ultra-high temperature heat pump unit and its operation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unit adopts an absorption-compression combined system, uses a coupled heat exchanger to couple the absorption cycle and the compression cycle, can directly exchange heat without a third-party heat exchange medium, and reduces the irreversible loss of internal heat exchange of the heat exchanger.

4. A self-adjusting ultra-high-temperature heat pump unit and its operation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Working medium A is lithium bromide or different combinations of salts, working medium B is water or freon, and working medium C is a mixed working medium or a natural working medium, wherein the mixed working medium is prepared by mixing two fluorine refrigerants (such as R134a+R245fa, R152a+R245fa, R134a+R142b, R152a+R142b, R227ea+R142b, etc.) in a mass fraction range of 10% to 95%, the mixed working medium has a significant "temperature glide” characteristic in the evaporation and condensation process, the working medium temperature gradually changes along the heat exchange process, thereby effectively reducing the minimum temperature difference of the evaporator and the condenser, reducing the irreversible loss of the heat exchange process, and improving the overall cycle performance.

5. A self-adjusting ultra-high-temperature heat pump unit and its operation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressors A (15) and C (17) of the compression cycle adopt a piston type, a scroll type, a centrifugal type, or a screw type.

6. A self-adjusting ultra-high-temperature heat pump unit and its operation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting devices A (9) and B (10) can automatically adjust the distribution ratio of working medium C in the two compression cycles when the evaporation temperature and the condensation temperature of the system fluctuate, so that the pressure and temperature inside the unit are always maintained within a reasonable range.

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