Intelligent heat management air conditioning system based on multi-heat-source cooperation and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent heat management air conditioning system based on multi-heat-source cooperation, the interior of a bin is divided into at least four independent temperature zones, each temperature zone is provided with an independent air outlet and a temperature sensor for obtaining the temperature of the temperature zone, and each air outlet is internally provided with an air door actuator; the air-conditioning system forms an air-conditioning circulation loop by an electromagnetic thermostatic expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor and a condenser; an air supply pipeline of the air-conditioning system is connected with each air outlet through a branch pipeline; a liquid cooling mechanism of the power battery pack forms a circulation loop through the four-way valve, the battery loop water pump, one side of the water-water heat exchanger and one side of the battery heat exchanger, the other side of the battery heat exchanger and the electronic expansion valve are connected with the electromagnetic thermostatic expansion valve and the evaporator in parallel through pipelines, and the other side of the water-water heat exchanger is connected in a PTC circulation loop of the water heater. According to the system, the cruising ability of the vehicle in winter can be improved, efficient recovery and multi-source cooperative utilization of energy are achieved, and high-precision partition temperature control experience can be provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air conditioning systems. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional air conditioning systems rely on a single energy source (such as battery power), resulting in high energy consumption for heating in winter and a significant reduction in driving range. For example, the published document with authorization announcement number CN 105073461B, authorization announcement date June 27, 2017, entitled "Heat Pump Type Automotive Air Conditioning System," discloses a heat pump type automotive air conditioning system that connects an in-vehicle condenser located downstream of the in-vehicle evaporator in the HVAC unit to a refrigerant circuit for basic cooling. It also includes a first circuit with a second pressure-reducing mechanism between the outlet side of the liquid tank and one end of the external heat exchanger, and a second circuit with a solenoid valve that opens during heating between the other end of the external heat exchanger and the suction circuit of the electric compressor. The heating refrigerant circuit is sequentially connected to the electric compressor, switching mechanism, in-vehicle condenser, liquid tank, the first circuit with the second pressure-reducing mechanism, the external heat exchanger, and the second circuit with the solenoid valve.

[0003] Similar to existing common air conditioning systems, the battery cooling and cabin temperature control systems operate independently, resulting in low energy utilization, insufficient temperature control accuracy for each zone, inability to meet personalized needs, low expansion valve adjustment accuracy, and lagging refrigerant flow control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to realize a more energy-efficient air conditioning system that can comprehensively utilize different heat sources and improve the battery heating endurance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination, characterized in that: The chamber is divided into at least four independent temperature zones. Each temperature zone is equipped with an independent air outlet and a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of that zone. Each air outlet is equipped with a damper actuator. The air conditioning system consists of an electromagnetic thermostatic expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser, forming an air conditioning circulation loop. The air supply duct of the air conditioning system is connected to each air outlet via branch pipes. The liquid cooling mechanism of the power battery pack forms a circulation loop via a four-way valve, a battery circuit water pump, one side of a water-to-water heat exchanger, and one side of a battery heat exchanger. The other side of the battery heat exchanger and the electronic expansion valve are connected in parallel with the electromagnetic thermostatic expansion valve and the evaporator through pipelines. The other side of the water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to the PTC water heater circulation loop.

[0006] The electrical equipment is equipped with a waste heat recovery mechanism. The waste heat recovery mechanism forms a circulation loop through a radiator, a four-way valve, a motor circuit water pump, and a heater connected in parallel with a pipeline. This pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the radiator through a three-way valve. The radiator is a component of the air conditioning system and is fixed together with the condenser.

[0007] The system is equipped with solar photovoltaic panels, which are connected to a low-voltage battery via a DC / DC converter and charge the low-voltage battery. The DC / DC converter outputs electrical energy to the water heater PTC.

[0008] The intelligent thermal management air conditioning system is installed in electric passenger vehicles, electric buses, buildings, refrigerated transport vehicles, or RVs.

[0009] The system is equipped with a controller and at least one temperature sensor in each circulation loop. Each temperature sensor is connected to and outputs a sensing signal to the controller. The controller is connected to and outputs a drive signal to the water heater PTC, DC / DC converter, condenser, electronic expansion valve, compressor, three-way valve, four-way valve, battery circuit water pump, motor circuit water pump, and damper actuator.

[0010] The electronic expansion valve is provided with a valve body, a valve core is provided in the cavity inside the valve body, a valve port is provided at the center of the cavity of the valve body, a refrigerant inlet is provided on the valve body communicating with the cavity inside the valve body, the valve port communicating with the refrigerant outlet, and a valve seat is provided on the valve core cooperating with the valve port. The valve core is characterized in that: a displacement magnet is provided at the end of the valve core, and an axial drive coil group located inside the valve body is provided at the end of the cavity. The axial drive coil group generates a magnetic force that attracts or repels the displacement magnet, causing the valve core to move along the cavity.

[0011] Both ends of the valve core are provided with displacement magnets, and both ends of the cavity are provided with axial drive coil groups located inside the valve body. An iron coil is provided inside the valve port, and when the expansion valve is fixed, the valve port is located below the valve seat. A stabilizing magnet is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the valve core. A radial stabilizing coil group is provided inside the cavity to generate a repulsive magnetic force with the stabilizing magnet. A sensor for acquiring the position of the valve core is provided on the valve body. The sensor is connected to and outputs an induction signal to the controller. The controller outputs a drive signal to the radial stabilizing coil group and the axial drive coil group. The sensor is a laser ranging mechanism inside the valve body or a non-contact Hall sensor inside the valve body.

[0012] The valve core has a valve seat at one end and a positioning block at the other end. The positioning block is a flat cylinder and is coaxial with the valve core. The side of the positioning block facing the valve body has a conical recess, and a laser ranging mechanism as a sensor is fixed on this side of the valve body. The outer diameter of the positioning block is smaller than that of the valve core. There are two laser ranging mechanisms, one of which illuminates the central area of ​​the positioning block and the other illuminates the valve core. The valve seat has a protruding frustoconical structure. The valve seat is a concave structure that mates with the valve core. The inner wall of the concave structure of the valve seat has a sealing gasket layer. The cavity is a cylindrical structure. The valve body is a cylindrical structure that fits the cavity with a clearance. The refrigerant inlet is connected to the liquid outlet in the cavity. The liquid outlet and the valve port are at the same end of the valve body.

[0013] Control method for intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination: After the air conditioner is turned on, the heating target is obtained; Determine the heating capacity of all heat sources in the system; Start the first heat source and determine if the heating target is met. If yes, continue working; otherwise, proceed to the next step. Start the first and second heat sources and determine whether the heating target is met. If yes, continue working; otherwise, proceed to the next step. Start the first, second, and third heat sources and determine whether the heating target is met. If yes, continue working; otherwise, proceed to the next step. The first, second, third, and fourth heat sources are activated and continue to operate.

[0014] Using solar power as the primary heat source; The waste heat recovery mechanism serves as a secondary heat source. The liquid cooling mechanism of the power battery pack serves as a third heat source. The PTC water heater serves as the fourth heat source.

[0015] This invention can improve the winter driving range of batteries, especially when applied to new energy vehicles, increasing the vehicle's winter driving range, and achieving efficient energy recovery and multi-source synergistic utilization, which is conducive to providing a high-precision zoned temperature control experience. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The following is a brief explanation of the content and markings in each of the accompanying drawings in this specification: Figure 1 This is a diagram of an intelligent thermal management air conditioning system architecture based on multi-heat source collaboration. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal management air conditioning system. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetically levitated electronic expansion valve. Figure 4 This is a control logic diagram for an intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source collaboration. The markings in the above figures are as follows: 1. Valve body; 2. Valve core; 3. Valve seat; 4. Valve port; 5. Radial stabilizing coil group; 6. Axial driving coil group; 7. Stabilizing magnet; 8. Displacement magnet; 9. Refrigerant inlet; 10. Refrigerant outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, details the specific implementation of the present invention, including the shape and structure of each component, the relative positions and connections between the parts, the function and working principle of each part, the manufacturing process, and the operation and use methods, to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate, and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention.

[0018] Intelligent thermal management air conditioning systems based on multi-heat source collaboration utilize different types of heat. Application scenarios include new energy vehicles: high-end electric passenger vehicles and electric buses; intelligent buildings: central air conditioning systems for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV); and special vehicles: temperature control systems for refrigerated transport vehicles and RVs.

[0019] In air conditioning use, the cabin is divided into at least four independent temperature zones, such as 16 independent temperature zones. Each zone is equipped with a temperature sensor and a miniature damper actuator. Each temperature zone has an independent air outlet and a temperature sensor to obtain the temperature of that zone. Each air outlet is equipped with a damper actuator to achieve dynamic precision adjustment of ±0.5℃.

[0020] The overall air conditioning system still has a conventional structure. The air conditioning system consists of an electromagnetic thermostatic expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser, forming an air conditioning circulation loop. The air supply duct of the air conditioning system is connected to each air outlet through branch pipes. In this conventional air conditioning system, battery thermal management, waste heat recovery system, and solar auxiliary heating are added. Based on the original air conditioning system heating, the system has a total of four energy supply units, realizing dynamic and coordinated energy management.

[0021] The battery thermal management system integrates the battery pack with a liquid cooling plate, connected in parallel with the air conditioning refrigerant circuit. This enables linkage between battery heat dissipation / preheating and cabin temperature control. Specifically, the liquid cooling mechanism of the power battery pack forms a circulation loop via a four-way valve, a battery circuit water pump, one side of the water-to-water heat exchanger, and one side of the battery heat exchanger. On the other side of the battery heat exchanger, the electronic expansion valve is connected in parallel with the electromagnetic thermostatic expansion valve and the evaporator via piping. The four-way valve has two inlets and two outlets, with the battery thermal management system using one inlet and one outlet. The other side of the water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to the PTC water heater circulation loop, allowing the PTC water heater to heat the power battery.

[0022] The waste heat recovery system is a system where high-energy-consuming electrical equipment is equipped with a waste heat recovery mechanism. This mechanism is the water-cooling system of the high-energy-consuming electrical equipment, including motors, electrical control devices, etc. The waste heat is converted into cabin heating energy through a heat exchanger, reducing heating energy consumption by 40% in winter. The waste heat recovery mechanism forms a circulation loop through the radiator, a four-way valve, and a motor circuit water pump. The four-way valve uses a separate inlet and outlet mechanism. The heater is connected in parallel to a pipeline, which is connected to the radiator's inlet through a three-way valve. The radiator is a component of the air conditioning system and is fixed together with the condenser. It can be used for both heating and cooling.

[0023] The system is equipped with solar photovoltaic panels, which can be installed on the roof of a vehicle or the side or top of a building. The solar photovoltaic panels are connected to a low-voltage battery via a DC / DC converter and charge the low-voltage battery. The generated electrical energy can be stored in the low-voltage battery. At the same time, the DC / DC converter outputs electrical energy to the PTC water heater. When working, the photovoltaic panels generate electricity to drive the PTC heater and store excess electrical energy in the low-voltage battery, reducing the energy consumption of the high-voltage battery and increasing the driving range.

[0024] The system is equipped with a controller and at least one temperature sensor in each circulation loop. Each temperature sensor is connected to and outputs a sensing signal to the controller. The controller is connected to and outputs a drive signal to the water heater PTC, DC / DC converter, condenser, electronic expansion valve, compressor, three-way valve, four-way valve, battery circuit water pump, motor circuit water pump, and damper actuator.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the non-contact magnetic levitation electronic expansion valve of the present invention directly levitates and drives the valve core 2 through an electromagnetic field, achieving high-precision and wear-free regulation of refrigerant flow. The magnetic levitation electronic expansion valve has a valve body 1, which is a high-pressure resistant aluminum alloy cavity with a built-in refrigerant flow channel. The valve core 2, made of lightweight composite material (such as titanium alloy + permanent magnet), is located in the center of the cavity of the valve body 1. When the electronic expansion valve is fixed, the valve core 4 is generally located at the bottom. A liquid outlet is located next to the valve core 4, and the liquid outlet and the valve core 4 are at the same end within the valve body 1. The valve body 1 has a refrigerant inlet 9 and a refrigerant outlet 10 connecting to the cavity of the valve body 1. The valve core 4 connects to the refrigerant outlet 10, and the liquid outlet connects to the refrigerant inlet 9. The refrigerant inlet 9 and the refrigerant outlet 10 are protruding structures of pipe fittings, facilitating connection to the piping system.

[0026] The cavity is a cylindrical structure. The valve body 1, with its clearance fit to the cavity, allows it to move up and down within the cavity. The valve core 2 has a valve seat 3 that mates with the valve port 4. The valve seat 3 has a protruding frustoconical structure. The valve seat 3 also has a concave structure that mates with it. When they are in contact, the valve is closed; when they are separated, the valve is open. To ensure a tight seal, the inner wall of the concave structure of the valve seat 3 has a sealing gasket. This gasket is made of a soft material, the specific type depending on the properties of the medium; typically, a rubber gasket is used.

[0027] The valve core 2 has a displacement magnet 8 at one end, and an axial drive coil group 6 located inside the valve body 1 at the other end of the cavity. The axial drive coil group 6 generates a magnetic force that attracts or repels the displacement magnet 8, causing the valve core 2 to move along the cavity. To ensure the stability of the driving force on the valve core 2, displacement magnets 8 are provided at both ends of the valve core 2, and axial drive coil groups 6 are provided at both ends of the cavity. The position of the valve core 2 can be controlled by the combination of the repulsive and attractive forces at both ends, and the valve core 2 can move faster. The displacement magnet 8 can be a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, and the axial drive... The coil group 6 adopts a multi-stage electromagnetic drive system. In addition, an iron coil is provided inside the valve port 4. When the expansion valve is fixed, the valve port 4 is located below the valve seat 3. In this way, when the axial drive coil group 6 fails due to a fault, it will lose power and demagnetize. Then the valve core 2 of the expansion valve will fall due to gravity. It can automatically close the valve port 4 under the action of the reset magnetic field when power is lost, that is, the displacement magnet 8 at the bottom is attracted to the iron coil. During normal operation, the attraction and repulsion of the axial drive coil group 6 are much greater than the attraction force between the displacement magnet 8 and the iron coil, so the iron coil will not affect the normal operation of the expansion valve.

[0028] The outer circumferential surface of the valve core 2 is provided with a stabilizing magnet 7, and the cavity is provided with a radial stabilizing coil group 5 for generating a repulsive magnetic force with the stabilizing magnet 7. The axial suspension coil group controls the opening displacement of the valve core 2 (Z-axis), and the radial stabilizing coil group 5 suppresses the vibration of the valve core 2 (X / Y-axis). The radial stabilizing coil group 5 is also a multi-stage electromagnetic drive system. The stabilizing magnet 7 can also be a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet. The radial stabilizing coil group 5 (302) is symmetrically distributed in a ring to generate a radial magnetic field to counteract the vibration offset of the valve core 2, which can ensure that the valve core 2 will not wear against the inner wall of the valve body 1, thereby reducing interference and wear, and also improving the operating speed of the valve core 2.

[0029] A sensor for acquiring the position of valve core 2 is installed on valve body 1. The sensor is connected to and outputs a sensing signal to the controller. The controller is used to control the operation of the expansion valve. Specifically, the controller outputs a drive signal to the radial stabilizing coil group 5 and the directional drive coil group. The controller is a closed-loop controller based on PID + feedforward algorithm. It dynamically adjusts the coil current to maintain the target opening. The sensor is a non-contact Hall sensor / laser rangefinder, which provides real-time feedback on the position of valve core 2 (accuracy ±0.01mm). If a laser rangefinder is used, it is fixed at one end of the cavity. If a non-contact Hall sensor is used, it is fixed around the cavity. The non-contact displacement sensor monitors the position of valve core 2 in real time. The controller dynamically adjusts the coil current based on the sensor signal to achieve non-contact displacement control of valve core 2.

[0030] To determine whether the valve core 2 has shifted position, indicating a problem with the fit between the radial stabilizing coil group 5 and the stabilizing magnet 7, a valve seat 3 is provided at one end of the valve core 2, and a positioning block is provided at the other end. The positioning block is a flat cylinder, and when fixed, it is coaxial with the valve core 2. The side of the positioning block facing the valve body 1 has a conical recess, which is also coaxial with the positioning block and the valve core 2. A laser ranging mechanism, acting as a sensor, is fixed on this side of the valve body 1, with the sensor's illumination position facing the center of the conical recess. In this way, when the valve core 2 shakes, the measured distance will also shake, thus obtaining both the position information of the valve core 2 and whether the valve core 2 has shifted position. To obtain offset information more accurately and perform real-time measurement during movement, it is preferable that the outer diameter of the positioning block is smaller than that of the valve core 2, so that the edge of the valve core 2 will not be blocked by the positioning block. There are two laser ranging mechanisms, one of which illuminates the central area (center position) of the positioning block, and the other illuminates the valve core 2. Under normal circumstances, the distance difference between the two laser rangefinders should be a constant value. When the valve core 2 shifts, the distance data of the two laser rangefinders will deviate, thus enabling accurate acquisition of the offset signal. The direction of the offset can be obtained based on the magnitude of the difference, and the offset can be corrected by adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic force in each area of ​​the radial stabilizing coil group 5.

[0031] Control method based on the aforementioned magnetic levitation electronic expansion valve: Step 1: Self-inspection; alarm will sound if it fails. The self-test procedure is as follows: First, start the radial stabilizing coil group 5. After being energized, the radial coil generates a balanced magnetic field, causing the valve core 2 to suspend in the center of the flow channel. Then, start the axial drive coil group 6. After that, control the axial drive coil group 6 to execute according to the set electromagnetic force, so that the valve core 2 moves to the two ends and the middle position of the cavity respectively. The sensor information is acquired in real time to determine whether the displacement position of the valve core 2 is accurate and whether there is any deviation. If the displacement position of the valve core 2 is accurate and there is no deviation, the self-test is qualified; otherwise, the self-test fails. Step 2: Obtain the target position of valve core 2, which is sent to the controller by the device (such as an air conditioning processor); Step 3: Obtain the electromagnetic force output value of the axial drive coil group 6 according to the target position of the valve core 2. Here, it is necessary to pre-select the value based on the parameters of the axial drive coil group 6. Step 4: Drive the axial drive coil group 6 to execute the electromagnetic force output value. The axial coil drives the valve core 2 to move axially without contact according to the air conditioning ECU command, thereby changing the flow area of ​​the valve port 4. Step 5: Real-time acquisition of valve core 2 position information and comparison with target position; closed-loop control based on PID + feedforward algorithm drives axial drive coil group 6 until valve core 2 reaches target position, i.e. displacement sensor monitors position in real time and controller dynamically compensates for vibration interference. The aforementioned magnetic levitation electronic expansion valve and its control method represent a completely new valve structure.

[0032] Zero mechanical contact, completely eliminating wear, and extending lifespan to ≥500,000 cycles (traditional valves ≤200,000 cycles). Three-dimensional active stability control, radial electromagnetic force suppresses the impact of vehicle vibration, and reduces flow fluctuation rate by 70%; With a response speed of <10ms (compared to >100ms for traditional motor valves), it achieves instantaneous and precise refrigerant flow regulation; Flow control accuracy ±2% (traditional valve ±10%), improving air conditioner energy efficiency ratio (COP) by 15%; Power consumption is reduced by 90% (only the floating current needs to be maintained, with no mechanical resistance loss).

[0033] Lubrication-free design, supports operation in extreme temperatures from -40℃ to 125℃; IP67 protection rating, resistant to refrigerant corrosion, dustproof and moistureproof.

[0034] The control method for an intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination utilizes a multi-heat source coordination algorithm to dynamically allocate energy priorities (solar energy → waste heat → battery power). It adjusts refrigerant flow in real time via a magnetically levitated expansion valve, combined with 16-zone PID control, to achieve optimal system energy efficiency. During operation, data acquisition includes real-time monitoring of 16-zone temperature, battery temperature, waste heat temperature, and solar power generation. Energy allocation decisions: If there is sufficient solar energy, PTC heating will be driven first. If the waste heat temperature is >50℃, switch to waste heat heating mode. Battery temperature >35℃ → Turn on liquid cooling and activate air conditioning; Precise flow control: The magnetic levitation expansion valve dynamically adjusts the refrigerant flow based on the temperature difference between zones; Zoned damper adjustment: The damper opening is calculated independently based on the set temperature of each zone.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, after the air conditioner is started, the heating target is obtained; Determine the heating capacity of all heat sources in the system; Start the first heat source and determine if the heating target is met. If yes, continue working; otherwise, proceed to the next step. Start the first heat source and the second heat source and determine whether the heating target is met. If yes, continue working. If not, proceed to the next step. During the working process, start the first heat source first, calculate the start time of the second heat source, and start the second heat source according to the start time. Start the first heat source, the second heat source, and the third heat source and determine whether the heating target is met. If yes, continue working; otherwise, proceed to the next step. During the working process, start the first heat source and the second heat source first, calculate the start time of the first heat source and the second heat source, and start the third heat source according to the start time. Start the first, second, third, and fourth heat sources and keep them running. During operation, start the first and second heat sources first, calculate the start-up time of the first, second, and third heat sources, and start the fourth heat source according to the start-up time.

[0036] Using solar power as the primary heat source; The waste heat recovery mechanism serves as a secondary heat source. The liquid cooling mechanism of the power battery pack serves as a third heat source. The PTC water heater serves as the fourth heat source.

[0037] The system will provide prompts during operation, indicating the status of the currently activated heat source.

[0038] The technical effects of the above system and control method are shown in the table below: index Traditional system This invention Increase Winter heating energy efficiency ratio COP≤1.5 COP ≥ 2.8 +86% Battery temperature control energy consumption This accounts for 8% to 12% of the total range. This accounts for 3% to 5% of the battery life. -60% Zoned temperature control accuracy ±2℃ ±0.5℃ Accuracy increased by 4 times Refrigerant regulation response 100~500ms ≤10ms Speed ​​increased by 50 times The present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvements made using the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination, characterized in that: The chamber is divided into at least four independent temperature zones. Each temperature zone is equipped with an independent air outlet and a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of that zone. Each air outlet is equipped with a damper actuator. The air conditioning system consists of an electromagnetic thermostatic expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor, and a condenser, forming an air conditioning circulation loop. The air supply duct of the air conditioning system is connected to each air outlet via branch pipes. The liquid cooling mechanism of the power battery pack forms a circulation loop via a four-way valve, a battery circuit water pump, one side of a water-to-water heat exchanger, and one side of a battery heat exchanger. The other side of the battery heat exchanger and the electronic expansion valve are connected in parallel with the electromagnetic thermostatic expansion valve and the evaporator through pipelines. The other side of the water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to the PTC water heater circulation loop.

2. The intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical equipment is equipped with a waste heat recovery mechanism. The waste heat recovery mechanism forms a circulation loop through a radiator, a four-way valve, a motor circuit water pump, and a heater connected in parallel with a pipeline. This pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the radiator through a three-way valve. The radiator is a component of the air conditioning system and is fixed together with the condenser.

3. The intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination according to claim 2, characterized in that: The system is equipped with solar photovoltaic panels, which are connected to a low-voltage battery via a DC / DC converter and charge the low-voltage battery. The DC / DC converter outputs electrical energy to the water heater PTC.

4. The intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intelligent thermal management air conditioning system is installed in electric passenger vehicles, electric buses, buildings, refrigerated transport vehicles, or RVs.

5. The intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination according to claim 4, characterized in that: The system is equipped with a controller and at least one temperature sensor in each circulation loop. Each temperature sensor is connected to and outputs a sensing signal to the controller. The controller is connected to and outputs a drive signal to the water heater PTC, DC / DC converter, condenser, electronic expansion valve, compressor, three-way valve, four-way valve, battery circuit water pump, motor circuit water pump, and damper actuator.

6. The intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The electronic expansion valve is provided with a valve body, a valve core is provided in the cavity inside the valve body, a valve port is provided at the center of the cavity of the valve body, a refrigerant inlet is provided on the valve body communicating with the cavity inside the valve body, the valve port communicating with the refrigerant outlet, and a valve seat is provided on the valve core cooperating with the valve port. The valve core is characterized in that: a displacement magnet is provided at the end of the valve core, and an axial drive coil group located inside the valve body is provided at the end of the cavity. The axial drive coil group generates a magnetic force that attracts or repels the displacement magnet, causing the valve core to move along the cavity.

7. The intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the valve core are provided with displacement magnets, and both ends of the cavity are provided with axial drive coil groups located inside the valve body. An iron coil is provided inside the valve port, and when the expansion valve is fixed, the valve port is located below the valve seat. A stabilizing magnet is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the valve core. A radial stabilizing coil group is provided inside the cavity to generate a repulsive magnetic force with the stabilizing magnet. A sensor for acquiring the position of the valve core is provided on the valve body. The sensor is connected to and outputs an induction signal to the controller. The controller outputs a drive signal to the radial stabilizing coil group and the axial drive coil group. The sensor is a laser ranging mechanism inside the valve body or a non-contact Hall sensor inside the valve body.

8. The intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination according to claim 7, characterized in that: The valve core has a valve seat at one end and a positioning block at the other end. The positioning block is a flat cylinder and is coaxial with the valve core. The side of the positioning block facing the valve body has a conical recess, and a laser ranging mechanism as a sensor is fixed on this side of the valve body. The outer diameter of the positioning block is smaller than that of the valve core. There are two laser ranging mechanisms, one of which illuminates the central area of ​​the positioning block and the other illuminates the valve core. The valve seat has a protruding frustoconical structure. The valve seat is a concave structure that mates with the valve core. The inner wall of the concave structure of the valve seat has a sealing gasket layer. The cavity is a cylindrical structure. The valve body is a cylindrical structure that fits the cavity with a clearance. The refrigerant inlet is connected to the liquid outlet in the cavity. The liquid outlet and the valve port are at the same end of the valve body.

9. A control method for an intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination, characterized in that: After the air conditioner is turned on, the heating target is obtained; Determine the heating capacity of all heat sources in the system; Start the first heat source and determine if the heating target is met. If yes, continue working; otherwise, proceed to the next step. Start the first and second heat sources and determine whether the heating target is met. If yes, continue working; otherwise, proceed to the next step. Start the first, second, and third heat sources and determine whether the heating target is met. If yes, continue working; otherwise, proceed to the next step. The first, second, third, and fourth heat sources are activated and continue to operate.

10. The control method for an intelligent thermal management air conditioning system based on multi-heat source coordination according to claim 9, characterized in that: Using solar power as the primary heat source; The waste heat recovery mechanism serves as a secondary heat source. The liquid cooling mechanism of the power battery pack serves as a third heat source. The PTC water heater serves as the fourth heat source.

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