Use of slr1 protein mutants or genes encoding same in modulating population yield and harvest index in plants

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of plant breeding, and particularly relates to application of an SLR1 protein mutant or a coding gene thereof in regulating population yield and harvest index of plants. The SLR1 protein mutant is obtained by mutating at least one of tyrosines at positions 94 and 580 into alanine on the basis of a wild-type SLR1 protein. The application comprises the following steps: improving the function of the SLR1 protein mutant or the expression level of a coding gene thereof for the plants, and improving the plant type, lodging resistance, yield or harvest index of the plants. A SLR1 protein (a member of the DELLA protein family) mutant is obtained through the research of the application, and when the SLR1 protein in the plants is mutated, a semi-dwarf plant type can be obtained, the ammonium nitrogen utilization rate, the nitrate nitrogen utilization rate and the biomass are not greatly affected, the yield and the harvest index are significantly improved, and the application is superior to an sd1 green revolution variety, which has important application value in the field of plant breeding.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant breeding, and particularly relates to application of SLR1 protein mutant or its coding gene in regulating population yield and harvest index of plants. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the last century, the "Green Revolution" characterized by semi-dwarf breeding solved the contradiction between high yield and lodging under high-fertilizer conditions, and since then the yield of rice and wheat has doubled. Previous studies have shown that semi-dwarf genes in rice and wheat involved in gibberellin biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways in the "Green Revolution" correspond to genes sd1 and Rht1 respectively. The wide application of semi-dwarf gene sd1 characterized by the "Green Revolution" significantly improved the lodging resistance and harvest index of rice by improving plant type, and greatly increased the yield per unit area of rice.

[0003] However, the yield potential of modern high-yield varieties of the "Green Revolution" often depends on a large amount of fertilizer input, which not only increases the cost of planting, but also causes soil acidification, environmental pollution and other problems. How to synergistically regulate crop high yield and nitrogen efficiency, so that the "Green Revolution" high-yield varieties can maintain the excellent traits of semi-dwarf while achieving further yield improvement of rice and wheat under reduced fertilizer conditions, is a major challenge facing the sustainable development of future agriculture. The semi-dwarf of crops caused by "Green Revolution" alleles depends on the high-level accumulation of DELLA protein, but the high-level accumulation of DELLA protein will inhibit the nitrogen utilization efficiency of crops. How to uncouple the coupling relationship between plant height and carbon and nitrogen metabolism and breed crop varieties with excellent semi-dwarf plant type and nitrogen efficient utilization is an important direction for the improvement of the new generation of Green Revolution.

[0004] The DELLA protein allele mutants of rice reported so far, although most of them have the dwarf benefit of height regulation, but at the same time cause serious yield loss, and have very limited application value in actual production. The widely used semi-dwarf allele of rice sd1 is a recessive mutation, which is limited in application in hybrid breeding. At the same time, due to the wide use of "Green Revolution" genes, the phenomenon of single source regulation gene or allele variation resource in current rice and wheat dwarf breeding is caused. Therefore, it is of important theoretical value and application prospect to mine new DELLA allele mutants with optimized function and apply them to crop genetic improvement for breeding new varieties with high yield and resource efficient utilization. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides application of SLR1 protein mutant or its coding gene in regulating population yield and harvest index of plants.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a mutant of SLR1 protein, which is obtained by mutating at least one of the tyrosines at positions 94 and 580 to alanine, based on a wild-type SLR1 protein.

[0007] The mutant of SLR1 protein according to the present application is obtained by including any one of the following mutation modes, based on a wild-type SLR1 protein:

[0008] (1) Y94A;

[0009] (2) Y580A;

[0010] (3) (1) + (2) as above.

[0011] Further, the wild-type SLR1 protein includes any one of the following amino acid sequences:

[0012] i) the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO. 1;

[0013] ii) an amino acid sequence having the same function obtained by substitution, insertion or deletion of one or more amino acids of the amino acid sequence as shown in i).

[0014] the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO. 1:

[0015] MKREYQEAGGSSGGGSSADMGSCKDKVMAGAAGEEEDVDELLAALGYKVRSSDMADVAQKLEQLEMAMGMGGVSAPGAADDGFVSHLATDTVHYNPSDLSSWVESMLSELNAPLPPIPPAPPAARHASTSSTVTGGGGSGFFELPAAADSSSSTYALRPISLPVVATADPSAADSARDTKRMRTGGGSTSSSSSSSSSLGGGASRGSVVEAAPPATQGAAAANAPAVPVVVVDTQEAGIRLVHALLACAEAVQQENFAAAEALVKQIPTLAASQGGAMRKVAAYFGEALARRVYRFRPADSTLLDAAFADLLHAHFYESCPYLKFAHFTANQAILEAFAGCHRVHVVDFGIKQGMQWPALLQALALRPGGPPSFRLTGVGPPQPDETDALQQVGWKLAQFAHTIRVDFQYRGLVAATLADLEPFMLQPEGEADANEEPEVIAVNSVFELHRLLAQPGALEKVLGTVHAVRPRIVTVVEQEANHNSGSFLDRFTESLHYYSTMFDSLEGGSSGQAELSPPAAGGGGGTDQVMSEVYLGRQICNVVACEGAERTERHETLGQWRNRLGRAGFEPVHLGSNAYKQASTLLALFAGGDGYRVEEKEGCLTLGWHTRPLIATSAWRVAAA.

[0016] Nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO. 2 (gene encoding wild-type SLR1 protein):

[0017]

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a nucleic acid for encoding the aforementioned mutant of SLR1 protein.

[0019] Further, the nucleic acid comprises any one of the following nucleotide sequences:

[0020] i) a nucleotide sequence as shown in any one of SEQ ID NO. 3-7;

[0021] ii) a complement of the nucleotide sequence as shown in i);

[0022] iii) a nucleotide sequence capable of encoding a protein having the same function as the nucleotide sequence as shown in i) obtained by substitution, deletion or insertion of one or more nucleotides;

[0023] iv) a nucleotide sequence as shown in i) obtained by mutation of codon degeneracy.

[0024] a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO. 3 (SLR1 Y94A nucleotide sequence of SLR1 protein):

[0025]

[0026] nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO. 4 (SLR1 Y580A nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO. 4 (SLR1

[0027]

[0028] In a third aspect, the present application provides a biological material, comprising the aforementioned nucleic acid; the biological material is an expression cassette, a vector, a transgenic cell or a recombinant virus particle.

[0029] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a kit, comprising: the aforementioned SLR1 protein mutant, or the aforementioned nucleic acid, or the aforementioned biological material.

[0030] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides the aforementioned SLR1 protein mutant, or the aforementioned nucleic acid, or the aforementioned biological material, or the aforementioned kit, for use in any one of the following:

[0031] (1) regulating the plant architecture, lodging resistance, yield or harvest index; or preparing a kit for regulating the plant architecture, lodging resistance, yield or harvest index;

[0032] (2) breeding transgenic plants or gene-edited plants;

[0033] (3) plant variety improvement related to plant architecture, lodging resistance, yield or harvest index;

[0034] (4) germplasm improvement of plants;

[0035] Preferably, the regulation of the plant architecture, lodging resistance, yield or harvest index is:

[0036] reducing the plant height, improving the lodging resistance, yield or harvest index of the plant.

[0037] Further, the plant is a monocotyledon or a dicotyledon;

[0038] Preferably, the plant is a plant of the genus Oryza;

[0039] Further preferably, the plant is rice.

[0040] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a method for improving the plant architecture, lodging resistance, yield or harvest index of a plant, comprising:

[0041] increasing the expression level of the aforementioned SLR1 protein mutant, or the gene encoding the same, in the plant.

[0042] Further, the expression level of the aforementioned SLR1 protein mutant, or the gene encoding the same, in the plant is increased by any one of the following:

[0043] (1) mutating the wild-type SLR1 protein of the plant itself, so that at least one of the tyrosines at positions 94 and 580 is mutated to alanine;

[0044] (2) increasing the copy number of the coding gene of the SLR1 protein mutant;

[0045] (3) replacing the promoter of the coding gene of the SLR1 protein mutant;

[0046] (4) adding an enhancer upstream or downstream of the coding gene of the SLR1 protein mutant;

[0047] (5) optimizing the nucleotide sequence of the coding gene of the SLR1 protein mutant according to the host type;

[0048] (6) modifying the SLR1 protein mutant, adding a stable tag or a signal peptide;

[0049] (7) crossing the plant with a plant overexpressing the SLR1 protein mutant;

[0050] Preferably, the (1) is achieved by a method of gene editing, and the gene editing comprises: a CRISPR or a gene editing method derived therefrom; and / or,

[0051] The (2) is achieved by one or more of the following methods: a Ti plasmid, a plant virus vector, direct DNA transformation, microinjection, a gene gun, electroporation or Agrobacterium mediation;

[0052] Further preferably, the plant is a plant of the genus Oryza.

[0053] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] The present application studies a SLR1 protein mutant, a coding gene thereof and an application. The SLR1 protein mutant is obtained by precisely editing a tyrosine at the 94th position of a rice genome into alanine and a tyrosine at the 580th position into alanine based on a wild-type SLR1 protein. By modifying the SLR1 gene, the accumulation abundance of the SLR1 protein of the plant and the interaction ability of the SLR1 protein with other regulatory elements such as GID1 can be regulated, and the semi-dwarf plant type, the lodging index trait and the yield of the plant can be improved. In particular, compared with the green revolution variety sd1, the nitrogen utilization rate, the biomass, the yield and the harvest index of the plant can be improved while maintaining the semi-dwarf plant type of the plant, which has important application value, and is further used for cultivating plants with the semi-dwarf trait and high nitrogen utilization and high yield. The SLR1 protein variant and the coding gene thereof provided by the present application can provide new excellent gene allele resources for realizing the genetic improvement of the semi-dwarf and high-nitrogen utilization and high-yield of rice, and have important practical significance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to make the technical solutions in the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort based on these drawings.

[0056] Figure 1 is the yeast two-hybrid interaction level test of SLR1 protein wild type (WT), Y94A and Y580A provided by the embodiment 1 of the present application; wherein A is the interaction level test of SLR1 wild type, Y94A and Y580A with GID1; B is the β-galactosidase (β-GAL) activity level test of SLR1 wild type, Y94A and Y580A with GID1.

[0057] Figure 2 is the comparative analysis diagram of SLR1 protein accumulation of wild type WT, green revolution variety sd1, slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A provided by the embodiment 3 of the present application; wherein the antibody Anti-SLR1 is used to detect the accumulation of endogenous SLR1 protein, and Anti-HSP82 is used as an internal reference protein.

[0058] Figure 3 is the phenotype comparison diagram of wild type WT, green revolution variety sd1, slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A planted in the field in Hefei, Anhui Province provided by the embodiment 4 of the present application; wherein A is the plant type comparison, and the scale is 20 cm; B and C are the comparison of plant height and lodging index of wild type WT, green revolution variety sd1, slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A respectively; the numerical values in the diagram are mean ± standard error (n = 15), and different letters represent significant difference (P < 0.05), and the HSD test method of Tukey is used for significance analysis.

[0059] Figure 4 is the nitrogen absorption rate and biomass comparison analysis diagram of wild type WT, green revolution variety sd1, slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A provided by the embodiment 5 of the present application; wherein A is the ammonium salt absorption rate (δ 15 NH4 + ); B is the nitrate absorption rate (δ 15 NO3 -); C is the biomass of the plant; A and B are the average values ± standard deviation (n = 6); C is the average value ± standard deviation (n = 14); different letters in the figure represent significant differences (P < 0.05), and the significant difference analysis uses the Tukey multiple comparison test method.

[0060] Figure 5 is the wild type WT, green revolution variety sd1, slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A yield and yield three element comparison analysis chart; A is the number of tillers, the value is the mean ± standard deviation (n = 20); B is the number of grains per ear, the value is the mean ± standard deviation (n = 12); C is the thousand-grain weight, the value is the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3), D is the yield per plant. The data is the mean ± standard deviation (n = 14); E is the population yield, the data is the mean ± standard deviation (n = 10); F is the harvest index, the value is the mean ± standard deviation (n = 14). In A-F, different letters represent significant differences (P < 0.05), and the significant difference analysis uses the Tukey multiple comparison test method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0062] The experimental methods involved in the following examples are all conventional methods in the art if not specifically mentioned, for example, refer to the experimental manual in the art, or follow the suggested conditions in the manufacturer's instructions.

[0063] The experimental materials and reagents involved in the following examples can be obtained from commercial channels if not specifically mentioned.

[0064] Example 1: Two SLR1 protein variants weaken the interaction intensity with GID1 protein

[0065] The present application takes rice SLR1 sequence (Gene ID: LOC_Os03g49990) as a template, uses a site-directed mutation kit to mutate the template plasmid, introduces mutation bases on primers, digests the non-mutated template with DpnI enzyme after PCR amplification, and obtains the final mutated template after shaking the bacteria to extract plasmid sequencing and transform E. coli. The Gateway reaction is used for homologous recombination into the yeast expression vector pGADT7-AD, which is used for subsequent yeast two-hybrid system interaction test. The same principle is used to complete the construction of pGBKT7-BD-GID1 expression vector.

[0066] In the present application, yeast point drop experiment and β-galactosidase activity test are used to analyze and compare the protein-protein interaction level. Compared with the wild type, slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A The interaction strength of the protein variant is significantly lower than that of the wild type SLR1 protein, which is manifested as the growth rate of four missing plates and the decrease of β-galactosidase activity (A-B in the figure). Figure 1 Combined with previous studies, the GID1-SLR1 protein interaction level is the key to affect the subsequent GID2 ubiquitination degradation, regulate the stability of SLR1 protein, and thus regulate the plant height, so the present application is designed to guide the modification of plant proteins according to slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A protein variant.

[0067] The primer sequence used in the site-direct mutation amplification is as follows:

[0068] Table 1 Primer sequence used in site-direct mutation of SLR1

[0069]

[0070] Example 2: Obtaining of precise editing SLR1 genetic material

[0071] The application takes rice SLR1 sequence as a target sequence, takes high-yield rice variety Wuyunjing as a wild type (WT), designs and constructs a plant guide editing system to perform site-directed mutation on an amino acid in a plant genome (targeting the 94th position of SLR1 protein, the coding base of tyrosine at the 580th position of SLR1 protein is mutated to the coding base of alanine). According to the sequence of gDNA, a target sequence (spacer), a primer binding sequence (PBS), and a mutation template (RT) sequence are designed according to the guide editing design principle, a dual vector is constructed based on the pB-ePPE-plus skeleton, the pegRNA sequence element is connected by in-fussion seamless cloning, T0 generation transgenic lines are obtained by Agrobacterium transformation of rice callus, and the site-directed editing lines with homozygous editing are identified according to the amplicon sequence designed according to the Y94 and Y580 mutation positions. T1 generation is obtained by breeding in Lingshui, Hainan, and homozygous and Cas9-free editing lines are identified and separated, and breeding is continued to stable lines.

[0072] Table 2 Target sequence parameters for designing SLR1 in situ mutation sites based on guide editing

[0073]

[0074] Table 3 Primer sequence used for site-direct mutation of SLR1

[0075]

[0076] Example 3: SLR1 protein level accumulation in two excellent SLR1 mutant alleles

[0077] In the application, western blot protein electrophoresis experiment is performed to detect protein abundance, wild type WT, green revolution variety sd1, slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A are cultured in a light incubator for two weeks, and then total plant protein is extracted from the leaf part, western blot electrophoresis is performed, anti-SLR1 antibody is hybridized to identify the SLR1 protein abundance of wild type, sd1 and two slr1 mutants, and anti-HSP82 antibody is hybridized to the internal reference protein HSP82 protein abundance, so that it remains consistent, so as to compare the SLR1 protein level.

[0078] As can be seen from the results, the SLR1 protein abundance of sd1 and two slr1 mutants is significantly accumulated compared with the wild type WT, and the SLR1 abundance of two slr1 mutants is slightly reduced compared with sd1 Figure 2 .

[0079] Example 4: Two superior SLR1 allelic mutations confer a semi-dwarf plant type in rice

[0080] In this invention, wild-type WT, Green Revolution varieties sd1, and slr1 are used. Y94A and slr1 Y580A Planted under normal field cultivation conditions in Hefei City, Anhui Province, plant height was measured after the plants reached maturity. The results showed that sd1 and slr1... Y94A and slr1 Y580A The plant height was significantly reduced compared to WT, while slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A The plants are slightly taller than sd1, with sd1 reaching a height of 79.6 cm, about 25% shorter than the wild type, while slr1... Y94A and slr1 Y580A The plant heights were 89.9 cm and 93.3 cm, respectively, approximately 20% lower than the wild type, exhibiting an excellent semi-dwarf plant type. Figure 3 (AB in the middle).

[0081] Furthermore, comparative measurements were performed on wild-type WT, Green Revolution varieties sd1, and slr1. Y94A and slr1 Y580A Lodging index. Among them, sd1 and slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A All were significantly lower than wild-type WT, while slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A The lodging index is close to sd1, indicating that it has similar lodging resistance. Figure 3 (C in the middle).

[0082] The method for determining the lodging index in this invention is as follows:

[0083] 1. Remove the mature rice main stem along the root and place the middle part of the basal internode along with the leaf sheath on two support points spaced 4cm apart.

[0084] 2. Using the wedge-shaped metal head of the SY-S03 plant stem strength tester, apply force to the middle position until the stem bends. The peak pressure during this process is the lodging bending force F.

[0085] 3. Measure the length from the bending point to the top of the main ear, i.e., the stem length SL. Measure the fresh weight W from the bending point to the main ear. Bending strength M = F (N) / 9.8 (N / kg) × L / 4 (cm) × 1,000. In the above formula, L is the 4cm interval between the two support points.

[0086] 4. Calculate the lodging index (LI) according to the formula: LI = SL (cm) x FW (g) / M x 100.

[0087] Example 5: Two SLR1 excellent allelic mutations improve nitrogen use efficiency and biomass of rice

[0088] In the present application, wild type WT, green revolution variety sd1, slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A were planted in Beijing greenhouse under hydroponics for four weeks, and the nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen absorption rate test experiments were carried out.

[0089] The test results show that the nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen absorption rates of sd1 relative to wild type WT are significantly reduced, while the nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen absorption rates of slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A are significantly improved relative to sd1, and the ammonium nitrogen absorption rate is close to the level of wild type (A-B in Table 1). Figure 4

[0090] Further, wild type WT, green revolution variety sd1, slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A were planted under normal field cultivation conditions in Hefei, Anhui Province, and the biomass was counted after the plants reached the mature stage. According to the field statistics, the biomass of the green revolution variety sd1 is significantly lower than that of the wild type WT, while the biomass of slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A is between sd1 and WT, and is significantly higher than that of the green revolution variety sd1 (C in Table 2). Figure 4

[0091] The nitrogen element content determination method in the present application is as follows:

[0092] 1. When determining the absorption rate of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen of rice root system, 1.25mM (15NH4)2SO4 (Aladdin, A110168) and 2.5mM K 15 NO3 (Sigma, 33514) are used instead of 1.25mM NH4NO3 in the nutrient solution.

[0093] 2. The roots of the rice seedlings cultured for 28 days are immersed in 0.1mM CaSO4 solution for 1min.

[0094] 3. Drain the CaSO4 solution on the surface of the roots, and then immerse the roots in the nutrient solution containing 2.5mM 15 N for 5min.

[0095] ​​4. Similarly, drain the nutrient solution from the root surface and place the root in a fresh 0.1mM CaSO4 solution for 1 minute.

[0096] 5. Remove the rice roots and place them on gauze to absorb the moisture.

[0097] 6. Cut off the root system and place it in a kraft paper bag. Place the kraft paper bag containing the root material in an 80℃ oven to dry, which will take about 3 days.

[0098] 7. After drying, the root material is ground into powder and sent to Li Yuzhong's laboratory at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences for further processing. 15 The nitrogen content was determined using an Isoprime 100 (Elementar, Germany) instrument.

[0099] Example 6: Superior allelic mutations of SLR1 optimize rice yield factors, increasing yield per unit area and yield per plant population.

[0100] This invention comprehensively analyzes wild-type WT, Green Revolution varieties sd1, and slr1. Y94A and slr1 Y580A Yield-related agronomic traits: statistical comparison of wild-type WT, Green Revolution varieties sd1, and slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A Yield factors include indicators such as number of grains per ear, number of tillers, and thousand-grain weight.

[0101] The results showed that, compared to the wild-type WT, sd1 had a significantly increased number of tillers by 3-4, and slr1... Y94A and slr1 Y580A The number of tillers is close to that of sd1 ( Figure 5 (A in the middle).

[0102] The number of grains per ear and the thousand-grain weight of sd1 were significantly lower than those of WT, while those of slr1 were lower. Y94A and slr1 Y580A The number of grains per ear and the weight of 1000 grains increased significantly compared to sd1, falling between WT and sd1. Figure 5 (BC in the middle).

[0103] Further yield analysis and comparison of wild-type WT, Green Revolution varieties sd1, and slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A The results showed that the yield per plant of sd1 was lower than that of WT, while that of slr1 was lower. Y94A and slr1 Y580A The yield per plant was significantly higher than that of sd1, reaching a level close to that of wild-type WT. Figure 5 (D in the middle).

[0104] The results of the determination analysis show that the yield of the sd1 population is significantly higher than that of the WT, the yield of the slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A population is significantly higher than that of the WT and sd1, and the yield is increased by 11.8% and 18.7% (P < 0.05) compared with the WT. Figure 5

[0105] Further calculation of the harvest index, the calculation formula is harvest index HI = yield per plant / biomass per plant. The calculation results show that the harvest index of the WT is 0.39, the harvest index of the green revolution variety sd1 is 0.46, the harvest index of slr1 Y94A is 0.46, which has no significant difference with sd1, the harvest index of slr1 Y580A is 0.47, which is significantly higher than that of sd1 (P < 0.05). Figure 5

[0106] In summary, the slr1 Y94A and slr1 Y580A protein variants help rice to achieve the breeding goals of synergistic modification of semi-dwarf plant type, high nitrogen use efficiency and high yield.

[0107] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.​​

Claims

1. A mutant of the SLR1 protein, characterized in that, The SLR1 protein mutant is obtained by mutating the tyrosine at position 94 or 580 to alanine based on the wild-type SLR1 protein; The amino acid sequence of the wild-type SLR1 protein is shown in SEQ ID NO.

1.

2. A nucleic acid, characterized in that, The nucleic acid is used for encoding the SLR1 protein mutant of claim 1.

3. The nucleic acid of claim 2, wherein, The nucleotide sequence of the nucleic acid is shown in any one of SEQ ID NO. 3-4.

4. A biomaterial, characterized by, The biological material comprises the nucleic acid of claim 2 or 3; and the biological material is an expression cassette, a vector, a transgenic cell or a recombinant virus particle.

5. A kit characterized in that, Comprise: The SLR1 protein mutant of claim 1, or the nucleic acid of claim 2 or 3, or the biological material of claim 4.

6. The SLR1 protein mutant of claim 1, or the nucleic acid of claim 2 or 3, or the biological material of claim 4, or the kit of claim 5 is used in any one of the following: (1) regulating the plant type, lodging resistance, yield or harvest index; or preparing a kit for regulating the plant type, lodging resistance, yield or harvest index; (2) cultivating transgenic plants or gene-edited plants; (3) improving the germplasm of plants; The plant is rice.

7. A method of improving plant architecture, resistance to lodging, yield or harvest index of a plant, comprising, Comprise: The wild-type SLR1 protein of the plant itself is mutated, so that the tyrosine at position 94 or 580 is mutated to alanine; The plant is rice; The amino acid sequence of the wild-type SLR1 protein is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1.

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