Sectional type heat exchanger for chemical production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a sectional type heat exchanger for chemical production. Comprising a first fixed shell; the second fixing shell is hinged to the first fixing shell, the first fixing shell and the second fixing shell are jointly and detachably connected with symmetrically-distributed liquid guiding shells, the liquid guiding shells are fixedly connected and communicated with material guiding pipes, and the symmetrically-distributed liquid guiding shells are fixedly connected with a first material guiding shell and a second material guiding shell respectively; the supporting shells are distributed in a linear array mode and detachably connected between the first fixing shell and the second fixing shell, the supporting shells are fixedly connected and communicated with a plurality of heat exchange pipes, two upper notches are formed in the upper sides of the supporting shells, and two guide grooves are formed in the lower sides of the supporting shells. The mode that the heat exchange tube is divided into the multiple independent tube sections is provided, the damaged part is replaced only when the specific section breaks down, the other intact tube sections can be continuously used, and therefore material waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, and more particularly to a segmented heat exchanger for chemical production. Background Technology

[0002] A heat exchanger is a device that transfers part of the heat from a hot fluid to a cold fluid through heat conduction. It is also called a heat exchanger and occupies a core position in the chemical, petroleum, power, and food industries. In particular, in chemical production, it can be used as a key device such as a heater, cooler, condenser, evaporator, and reboiler to realize the thermal management of material preheating, reaction heat recovery, product condensation, and distillation processes.

[0003] Heat exchangers typically include shell-and-tube, plate, and U-tube types. Taking a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as an example, its core components include the shell, heat exchange tubes, baffles, tube sheet, and end caps. The working principle is as follows: 1. Hot fluid (such as high-temperature process fluid) enters the shell and passes through the outside of the heat exchange tube multiple times under the guidance of the baffle, extending the flow path to enhance the turbulence effect and thus improve the heat transfer efficiency. 2. Cold fluids (such as chemical materials that need to be heated) enter the heat exchange tubes and, during their flow inside the tubes, indirectly contact the hot fluids through the tube walls, exchanging heat using the temperature difference. 3. After the hot fluid transfers heat to the cold fluid, its own temperature decreases and it is discharged from the other side of the shell. The cold fluid is heated and is also discharged from the other side of the shell, thus completing the effective recovery or transfer of heat.

[0004] During use, the heat exchange tube adopts an integral design. Once local corrosion (such as perforation) or blockage occurs, the entire tube needs to be replaced. Since the damage is only concentrated in a local area, a large number of intact tube sections are forced to be scrapped, resulting in low material utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the background art, the present invention provides a segmented heat exchanger for chemical production.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production includes: a first fixed shell; a second fixed shell hinged to the first fixed shell, wherein the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell are detachably connected to symmetrically distributed liquid guiding shells, the liquid guiding shells being in communication with both the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell, the liquid guiding shells being fixedly connected to and connected to a material guiding pipe, the symmetrically distributed liquid guiding shells being respectively fixedly connected to a first material guiding shell and a second material guiding shell communicating with the inside of the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell; and a linear array of support shells, all detachably connected between the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell, with adjacent support shells fitting together, the first material guiding shell and the second material guiding shell respectively fitting together with adjacent support shells, the support shells being fixedly connected to and connected to a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the upper side of the support shells having two upper notches, and the lower side of the support shells having two guide grooves.

[0007] Furthermore, two support frames are detachably connected inside the support shell, and the two support frames are used to abut against adjacent heat exchange tubes.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower side of the guide groove is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the circle containing the lower edge of the guide groove is consistent with the inner diameter of the cylinder formed by the first fixed shell and the second fixed shell.

[0009] Furthermore, two flow guide shells are fixed to the side of the support shell near the second material guide shell and are respectively located in the upper notch and the guide groove. The flow guide shell is provided with a plurality of liquid channels for guiding liquid. The cross-sectional area of ​​the guide groove is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the adjacent flow guide shell, and a gap is left between the flow guide shell and the adjacent support shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the liquid channel is wavy to increase the time the liquid exists within the first and second fixed shells.

[0011] Furthermore, perforated plates are slidably connected to the lower side of the support shells near the first and second guide shells, and perforated plates are also slidably connected to the upper side of the remaining support shells. The perforated plates separate adjacent guide shells into two and slide along them.

[0012] Furthermore, a material guiding cavity is provided on the side of the support shell near the second material guiding shell. The material guiding cavity is connected to the heat exchange pipe and to the adjacent second material guiding shell. A sliding plate located in the material guiding cavity is slidably connected to the support shell, and a sliding frame located in the material guiding cavity is slidably connected to the support shell. The sliding frame is fixedly connected to the sliding plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a spring rod is fixedly connected to the side of the support shell near the material guide cavity, and a sliding column is slidably connected to the support shell. The sliding column and the spring rod are both fixedly connected to the sliding frame on the side near the sliding frame. A compression spring is fixedly connected between the perforated plate and the adjacent support shell, and a connecting rope is fixedly connected between the sliding column and the adjacent perforated plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the feed chamber is composed of two eccentric frustum-shaped grooves and a columnar groove. The upper side of the columnar groove, the upper side of the eccentric frustum-shaped groove, and the upper side of the adjacent heat exchange tube are all located on the same horizontal plane, which is used to guide the gas in the heat exchange tube.

[0015] Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided inside the sliding plate.

[0016] This invention has the following advantages: It proposes a method of dividing the heat exchange tube into multiple independent sections, allowing replacement of damaged sections only when a specific section fails, while the remaining intact sections can continue to be used, thus reducing material waste; before the cold fluid enters the heat exchange tube, the perforated plate does not block the adjacent guide shells, enabling the hot fluid to enter the first and second fixed shells in a short time; after the cold fluid enters the heat exchange tube, the liquid channels on the guide shells are blocked in sections, increasing the time the hot fluid remains in the first and second fixed shells, thereby increasing the time for heat conduction to the heat exchange tube; during the introduction of cold fluid, the cold fluid achieves staged heat exchange through segmented flow: after the first section is filled, it remains for sufficient heat exchange, and then flows into the next section step by step, repeating the injection and heat exchange process, ensuring continuous operation throughout the process while allowing the cold fluid to remain sufficiently; during backwashing of the first and second fixed shells, the guide shells remain unobstructed to facilitate backwashing of the first and second fixed shells. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first and second fixing shells of the present invention after they have been opened; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the liquid-conducting shell of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the second material guide shell of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an enlarged three-dimensional view of the second material guide shell and material guide cavity of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the first material guide shell of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the novel support shell and heat exchanger tube of this utility model. Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the support shell of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the support shell and the support frame of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the flow guide shell of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the porous plate of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding column and compression spring of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1-First fixed shell, 2-Second fixed shell, 3-Liquid guiding shell, 4-Feeding pipe, 5-First feeding shell, 6-Second feeding shell, 7-Support shell, 8-Heat exchange tube, 9-Upper notch, 10-Guide groove, 11-Support frame, 12-Flow guiding shell, 13-Liquid channel, 14-Perforated plate, 15-Feeding cavity, 16-Sliding plate, 17-Sliding frame, 18-Sliding column, 19-Compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby declared that the terms "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "inner," etc., appearing or about to appear in this text, are based solely on the accompanying drawings and are not intended to specifically limit the invention.

[0020] This invention addresses the following problem: Existing heat exchange tubes employ a monolithic design, requiring the entire tube to be scrapped when partial damage occurs (such as corrosion, blockage, or perforation), resulting in significant material waste. The invention proposes a method of segmented installation of the heat exchange tubes. When a segment exhibits corrosion, perforation, or blockage, only the faulty segment is replaced, while the remaining intact segments can continue to be used. The specific method is as follows: Example 1

[0021] This embodiment discloses a segmented heat exchanger for chemical applications, used for heat exchange of liquids used in chemical processes.

[0022] See Figures 1-9A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production includes: a first fixed shell 1; a second fixed shell 2 hinged to the first fixed shell 1, the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 together forming a cylindrical shell (a sealing strip is installed between them when they are in contact); symmetrically distributed liquid guide shells 3 are detachably connected to both ends of the cylindrical shell formed by the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2; the liquid guide shells 3 are fixedly connected to and connected to a feed pipe 4; the symmetrically distributed liquid guide shells 3 are respectively fixedly connected to a first feed pipe 5 and a second feed pipe 6; the highest point of the inner diameter of the lower end of the left feed pipe 4 coincides with the highest point of the inner diameter of the second feed pipe 6; similarly, the highest point of the inner diameter of the lower end of the right feed pipe 4 coincides with the highest point of the inner diameter of the first feed pipe 5; the two feed pipes 4 pass through adjacent liquid guide shells 3 and are connected to the corresponding first feed pipe 5 and second feed pipe 6, for venting the gas in the first feed pipe 5, the second feed pipe 6 and all heat exchange tubes 8; and linearly arrayed supports. The shell 7 is detachably connected between the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2. The support shell 7 can be assembled from two shells distributed front and back during manufacturing. The two shells can be welded together. Adjacent support shells 7 are attached to each other. The first guide shell 5 and the second guide shell 6 are attached to the adjacent support shells 7 respectively. The support shell 7 is fixedly connected and connected to several heat exchange tubes 8. By dividing the heat exchange tubes 8 into sections and placing them in adjacent support shells 7 respectively, it is possible to replace only a single section of the heat exchange tube 8 later, thereby reducing material waste. The upper side of the support shell 7 is provided with two upper notches 9, and the lower side of the support shell 7 is provided with two guide grooves 10. Before using this device, the operator first connects the inlet pipe of the hot fluid to the left guide shell 3 and the outlet pipe of the hot fluid to the right guide shell 3. Then, the outlet pipe of the cold fluid is connected to the left guide pipe 4 and the inlet pipe of the cold fluid is connected to the right guide pipe 4, thus completing the preparation for the heat exchange process.

[0023] See Figure 10 and Figure 11 The support shell 7 has two detachable support frames 11. The two support frames 11 are used to hold adjacent heat exchange tubes 8. By limiting the adjacent heat exchange tubes 8 with the two support frames 11, the heat exchange tubes 8 will not slide freely in the corresponding support shell 7 during operation. The lower side of the guide groove 10 is set to be arc-shaped. The diameter of the circle where the lower edge of the guide groove 10 is located is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder formed by the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2. This is used to make the liquid flow smoothly through the first fixed shell 1, the second fixed shell 2 and the guide groove 10.

[0024] See Figures 9-14Two flow guide shells 12 are fixed to the left side of the support shell 7 and are located in the upper notch 9 and the guide groove 10 respectively. Several liquid channels 13 are provided in the flow guide shell 12. The liquid channels 13 are used to guide the liquid. The cross-sectional area of ​​the guide groove 10 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the adjacent flow guide shell 12, and there is a gap between the flow guide shell 12 and the adjacent support shell 7. Since there are magnesium ions and calcium ions in the water, calcium or magnesium carbonate crystals will adhere to the surface of the heat exchange tube under the action of heating, thus forming scale. The gap between the guide groove 10 and the adjacent flow guide shell 12 is used to make the scale easy to be discharged during subsequent cleaning. The liquid channel 13 is wavy to increase the time that the liquid exists in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2.

[0025] See Figures 10-14 The lower sides of the leftmost and rightmost support shells 7 are slidably connected to perforated plates 14, and the upper sides of the remaining support shells 7 are also slidably connected to perforated plates 14. The perforated plates 14 separate the adjacent flow guide shells 12 into two. The perforated plates 14 are slidably connected to the flow guide shells 12. The perforated plates 14 block the liquid channels 13 in the adjacent flow guide shells 12, increasing the time that the hot fluid exists in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2.

[0026] See Figure 6 and Figures 12-14 A material guiding cavity 15 is provided on the left side of the support shell 7. The material guiding cavity 15 is connected to the adjacent heat exchange pipe 8 and the adjacent second material guiding shell 6. A sliding plate 16 located in the material guiding cavity 15 is slidably connected to the support shell 7. A sliding frame 17 located in the material guiding cavity 15 is also slidably connected to the support shell 7. The sliding frame 17 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 16. A spring pull rod 20 is fixedly connected to the left side of the support shell 7. A sliding column 18 is slidably connected to the support shell 7. The left sides of both the sliding column 18 and the spring pull rod 20 are fixedly connected to the sliding frame 17. A compression spring 19 is fixed between the perforated plate 14 and the adjacent support shell 7. A connecting rope is fixed between the sliding column 18 and the adjacent perforated plate 14. When the sliding frame 17 drives the adjacent sliding column 18 to slide, the connecting rope pulls the adjacent perforated plate 14 to slide towards the side closer to the central axis of the support shell 7. The guide chamber 15 is composed of two eccentric frustum-shaped grooves and a columnar groove. The upper side of the columnar groove, the upper side of the eccentric frustum-shaped groove, and the upper side of the adjacent heat exchange tube 8 are all located on the same horizontal plane, which is used to guide the gas in the heat exchange tube 8.

[0027] For easy disassembly and installation of the support shell 7, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 , Figure 12 and Figure 13Alternatively, a linear array of fixed frames 21 can be installed, with the same number as the support members 7, and all fixed to the second fixed shell 2. The fixed frames 21 are slidably connected to limit pins 22, and a spring is fixed between the limit pins 22 and the fixed frames 21. The limit pins 22 pass through the second fixed shell 2 and limit the adjacent support members 7.

[0028] The above setup enables the following: when a heat exchange process is required, the hot fluid enters the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 through the liquid guide shell 3 on the left. As the hot fluid is injected, it flows along the lower side of the three guide grooves 10 in a left-to-right order until it flows into the liquid guide shell 3 on the right. The liquid level of the hot fluid in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 gradually rises. The hot fluid then flows into the liquid guide shell 3 on the right along the three guide shells 12 in a left-to-right order (during the flow of the hot fluid, it will flow along the two perforated plates 14 in a left-to-right order).

[0029] As the liquid level in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 continues to rise and gradually fills the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the hot fluid flows out from the liquid guide shell 3 on the right and enters the hot fluid outlet pipe, and is finally discharged from the hot fluid outlet pipe. During the process of the hot fluid flowing through the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, it heats all the heat exchange tubes 8. During the above process, the perforated plate 14 does not block the adjacent guide shell 12, so as to achieve the effect of the hot fluid entering the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 in a short time before the cold fluid enters the heat exchange tube 8.

[0030] If the existing cold fluid transport in long heat exchange tubes is not supplied in a timely manner or is supplied too much in a short period of time, it will lead to the following two typical problems, both of which are related to residence time control: Prolonged residence of cold fluid can trigger unnecessary side reactions, specifically: a sudden decrease in the liquid supply (such as pump failure or delayed valve closure) can cause the cold fluid to stagnate or its flow rate to decrease significantly in the heat exchange tubes, resulting in a longer residence time in the heat exchange tubes (if the cold fluid is a supersaturated solution or contains easily crystallizing components, prolonged residence will promote crystal precipitation and reduce the flow rate in the heat exchange tubes). The cold fluid does not participate fully in the reaction - thermal efficiency decreases. Specifically, when the liquid supply suddenly increases (such as pump overpressure or valve opening too quickly), the cold fluid will pass through the heat exchange tube at high speed, which will prevent the cold fluid from fully absorbing (or releasing) heat, resulting in a decrease in heat exchange efficiency and failure to meet the process temperature requirements.

[0031] To address the aforementioned issues, this device employs a segmented heat exchange tube design. During the injection of cold fluid, a "segment-by-segment flow" method is used to achieve staged heat exchange: First, cold fluid is injected into the first segment of the tube until it is full, and sufficient time is allowed for heat exchange to complete in that segment. Then, the fluid from the first segment flows to the second segment under the influence of a pressure difference, while the second segment begins injection and repeats the aforementioned residence heat exchange process. This method ensures that the fluid in each heat exchange tube can fully exchange heat within a specified time. Furthermore, continuous heat exchange is achieved through staged flow. Please refer to the following for details: After the hot fluid fills the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the cold fluid enters the first feed shell 5 through the feed pipe 4 on the right. As the cold fluid is injected, the liquid level in the first feed shell 5 gradually rises, causing the cold fluid to flow through the first feed shell 5 into the adjacent heat exchange pipe 8 on the left. Under the action of the gradually rising liquid level in the first feed shell 5, the cold fluid gradually submerges the adjacent heat exchange pipe 8 on the left. The cold fluid is then transported by the heat exchange pipe 8 into the eccentric frustum-shaped groove on the right side of the adjacent feed chamber 15. As the liquid level of the cold fluid gradually rises, the cold fluid enters the columnar groove from the eccentric frustum-shaped groove on the right side of the adjacent feed chamber 15 (in the above process). When the cold fluid flows in the adjacent heat exchange tube 8, it pushes the gas in the heat exchange tube 8 out, allowing the gas to enter the columnar groove of the adjacent material guide chamber 15. When the gas pressure is greater than the sum of the tension of the spring rod 20 (the force applied to the sliding frame 17 and the sliding plate 16) and the tension of the compression spring 19 (the force applied to the sliding column 18 through the perforated plate 14 and the adjacent connecting rope), the gas squeezes the sliding plate 16 to the left, allowing the gas to enter the support shell 7 on the left side through the material guide chamber 15. During this process, the telescopic part of the spring rod 20 is stretched. When the gas pressure is less than the elastic force of the spring rod 20, the spring rod 20 drives the sliding plate 16 to reset.

[0032] When the pressure of the cold fluid in the columnar groove of the guide chamber 15 and the heat exchange tube 8 is greater than the sum of the tension of the adjacent spring rod 20 and the tension of the compression spring 19, the cold fluid squeezes the sliding plate 16 to the left. The sliding plate 16 moves to the left and pulls the spring rod 20 and the sliding column 18. The cold fluid then enters the eccentric frustum-shaped groove on the left side of the guide chamber 15 through the columnar groove, and enters the heat exchange tube 8 of the left support shell 7 from the eccentric frustum-shaped groove on the left side of the guide chamber 15. The subsequent flow action of the cold fluid is the same as described above.

[0033] During the sliding process of the sliding column 18 and the adjacent sliding frame 17, the adjacent perforated plate 14 is pulled by the connecting rope to slide towards the side closer to the central axis of the support shell 7 (the perforated plate 14 squeezes the adjacent compression spring 19 during the movement). During the movement of the perforated plate 14, the liquid channel 13 in the adjacent guide shell 12 is blocked, reducing the flow area of ​​the hot fluid in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, increasing the time that the hot fluid exists in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, thereby increasing the time for heat conduction to the heat exchange tube 8. With the injection of cold fluid, the cold fluid finally enters the second guide shell 6 and flows out from the guide tube 4 on the left. The cold fluid is subjected to heat transfer during the flow through the heat exchange tube 8, realizing the heat exchange between the cold fluid and the hot fluid.

[0034] After the cold fluid flows through all the heat exchange tubes 8, the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 are in the following state: the liquid channels 13 located in the left and right guide grooves 10 are blocked, and the liquid channels 13 located in the middle upper notch 9 are blocked, so that the hot fluid flows in a zigzag pattern in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, increasing the time that the hot fluid exists in the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2.

[0035] When heat exchange with the cold fluid is no longer needed, stop the supply of hot fluid and replace the cold fluid with clean water. The clean water will push out the cold fluid in all heat exchange tubes 8 and all material guide chambers 15. After all the cold fluid has been pushed out, stop the injection of clean water. This completes the overall heat exchange process of the cold fluid.

[0036] When heat exchange with the cold fluid ceases, the pressure in all heat exchange tubes 8 and all feed chambers 15 decreases to less than the sum of the tension of the spring rod 20 and the tension of the compression spring 19. The telescopic part of the spring rod 20 drives the sliding frame 17 to move and reset. During the reset process, the sliding frame 17 drives the adjacent sliding plate 16 and the adjacent sliding column 18 to reset. After the sliding plate 16 resets, it resumes the sealing of the cylindrical groove in the adjacent feed chamber 15 (at this time, the perforated plate 14 no longer blocks the adjacent liquid channel 13 under the reset action provided by the adjacent compression spring 19).

[0037] When a section of heat exchanger tube 8 needs to be replaced, the worker drains the liquid from the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, then removes the liquid guide shells 3 on both sides, exposing the inside of the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 to the outside. Then, the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 are disassembled, and the support shell 7 and the heat exchanger tube 8 that need to be replaced are taken out from the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2. Then, the new support shell 7 and the heat exchanger tube 8 are put in. Finally, the above operation is repeated in reverse to reassemble the above parts.

[0038] During the process of removing support component 7 for maintenance or repair, the worker pulls the limiting pin 22 forward, causing the limiting pin 22 to compress the adjacent spring and release the limiting position on the adjacent support component 7. After the support component 7 is removed, the worker releases the limiting pin 22, which is then reset by the spring. During the process of installing support component 7 into the first fixed housing 1, the worker pulls the limiting pin 22 forward, causing the limiting pin 22 to compress the adjacent spring. Then, the worker installs support component 7 into the first fixed housing 1. At this time, the worker releases the limiting pin 22 and rotates support component 7, so that support component 7 can be re-limited by the limiting pin 22 during rotation, thereby completing the calibration of the installation position of support component 7. Example 2

[0039] This embodiment discloses a segmented heat exchanger for chemical production, which is an improvement on Embodiment 1.

[0040] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 A one-way valve is provided inside the sliding plate 16. When the water flows from left to right along the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the water flows into contact with the one-way valve inside the sliding plate 16 and opens the one-way valve inside the sliding plate 16. Conversely, when the water flows from right to left along the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the one-way valve inside the sliding plate 16 is in a closed state.

[0041] The above setup allows the operator to connect the first clean water pipe to the liquid guide shell 3 on the left side when routine maintenance (which can be understood as routine cleaning) is required. Then, the operator connects the second clean water pipe to the material guide pipe 4 on the left side, thus completing the preparatory actions for backwashing the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2.

[0042] After completing the preparatory actions for backwashing inside the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, the second clean water pipe enters the eccentric frustum-shaped groove on the left side of the second guide shell 6 and the adjacent guide chamber 15 through the left guide pipe 4. When the liquid level in the left eccentric frustum-shaped groove of the guide chamber 15 reaches a height sufficient to open the one-way valve in the adjacent sliding plate 16, the one-way valve in the sliding plate 16 opens, allowing the clean water to move to the right along the cylindrical groove of the adjacent guide chamber 15 until it reaches the heat exchange tube 8. The subsequent clean water flow process can be repeated as described above. During the flow, the clean water is discharged from the right guide pipe 4, thereby completing the backwashing of the above parts (when the clean water moves to the right along the second guide shell 6, it will not trigger the sliding of the sliding plate 16, so that all liquid channels 13 are no longer blocked by the perforated plate 14).

[0043] During the cleaning process inside all heat exchanger tubes 8, the first clean water pipe injects clean water into the liquid guide shell 3 on the left side. The liquid guide shell 3 guides the clean water into the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2. The clean water flows from left to right inside the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 until it is discharged from the guide pipe 4 on the right side. The above-mentioned clean water flow process is consistent with the hot fluid flow process in Example 1, but the flow direction is reversed. When the clean water flows along the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2, it will flow through the liquid channel 13. For this purpose, the guide shell 12 is kept unobstructed when backwashing the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2 to facilitate backwashing of the first fixed shell 1 and the second fixed shell 2. After cleaning, no more clean water is injected and the first clean water pipe and the second clean water pipe can be removed.

[0044] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production, characterized in that, include: First fixed shell (1); The second fixed shell (2) is hinged to the first fixed shell (1). The first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2) are detachably connected to symmetrically distributed liquid guide shells (3). The liquid guide shells (3) are connected to both the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2). The liquid guide shells (3) are fixedly connected to and connected to a material guide tube (4). The symmetrically distributed liquid guide shells (3) are respectively fixedly connected to a first material guide shell (5) and a second material guide shell (6) that are connected to the inside of the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2). The support shells (7) arranged in a linear array can be detachably connected between the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2). Two adjacent support shells (7) are fitted together. The first guide shell (5) and the second guide shell (6) are fitted together with the adjacent support shells (7). The support shells (7) are fixed and connected to a number of heat exchange tubes (8). The upper side of the support shell (7) is provided with two upper notches (9), and the lower side of the support shell (7) is provided with two guide grooves (10).

2. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support shell (7) has two detachable support frames (11) inside, which are used to abut against the adjacent heat exchange tubes (8).

3. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower side of the guide groove (10) is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the circle containing the lower edge of the guide groove (10) is consistent with the inner diameter of the cylinder formed by the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2).

4. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two flow guide shells (12) are fixedly attached to the side of the support shell (7) near the second material guide shell (6) and located in the upper notch (9) and the guide groove (10) respectively. The flow guide shell (12) is provided with a plurality of liquid channels (13) for guiding liquid. The cross-sectional area of ​​the guide groove (10) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the adjacent flow guide shell (12), and there is a gap between the flow guide shell (12) and the adjacent support shell (7).

5. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid channel (13) is wavy to increase the time the liquid exists in the first fixed shell (1) and the second fixed shell (2).

6. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 5, characterized in that, A perforated plate (14) is slidably connected to the lower side of the support shell (7) near the first guide shell (5) and the second guide shell (6), and the perforated plate (14) is also slidably connected to the upper side of the remaining support shell (7). The perforated plate (14) separates the adjacent guide shell (12) into two and slides along the two.

7. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support shell (7) has a material guiding cavity (15) on the side near the second material guiding shell (6). The material guiding cavity (15) is connected to the heat exchange tube (8) and the material guiding cavity (15) is connected to the adjacent second material guiding shell (6). The support shell (7) is slidably connected to a sliding plate (16) located in the material guiding cavity (15). The support shell (7) is slidably connected to a sliding frame (17) located in the material guiding cavity (15). The sliding frame (17) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (16).

8. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 7, characterized in that, A spring rod (20) is fixedly connected to the side of the support shell (7) near the material guide cavity (15). A sliding column (18) is slidably connected to the support shell (7). The sliding column (18) and the spring rod (20) are both fixedly connected to the sliding frame (17) on the side near the sliding frame (17). A compression spring (19) is fixedly connected between the perforated plate (14) and the adjacent support shell (7). A connecting rope is fixedly connected between the sliding column (18) and the adjacent perforated plate (14).

9. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 8, characterized in that, The feed chamber (15) consists of two eccentric frustum-shaped grooves and a columnar groove. The upper side of the columnar groove, the upper side of the eccentric frustum-shaped groove, and the upper side of the adjacent heat exchange tube (8) are all located on the same horizontal plane, which is used to guide the gas in the heat exchange tube (8).

10. A segmented heat exchanger for chemical production according to claim 9, characterized in that, A one-way valve is provided inside the sliding plate (16).

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