Outer cylinder structure of rotary threshing device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sorting in agricultural operation transportation, and particularly relates to a rotary threshing device outer barrel structure which comprises a barrel-shaped outer barrel body. The outer barrel body comprises an upper half barrel body and a lower half barrel body which are split in the half-and-half axial direction. A plurality of through sieve holes are formed in the side wall of the lower half cylinder body; a front-section screening mechanism and a rear-section screening mechanism are arranged in the lower half cylinder in the axial direction in a spaced mode. Each of the front-section screening mechanism and the rear-section screening mechanism comprises a plurality of rotating plate units which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the lower half cylinder at intervals, each rotating plate unit comprises a rotatable contact plate which is arranged in the axial direction of the lower half cylinder, and the direction of the rotating axis of each rotating plate corresponds to the axial direction of the lower half cylinder; and each rotating plate unit of the rear-section screening mechanism is constructed to be capable of reciprocating in the radial direction of the lower half cylinder body, so that the height of the rotating plate unit protruding out of the inner wall of the lower half cylinder body can be adjusted. According to the structure, crops can be effectively threshed in the whole outer cylinder body in the advancing process, so that the effect of improving threshing cleanliness is achieved, and the threshing rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of sorting in agricultural operations and transportation, and specifically relates to the outer cylinder structure of a rotary threshing device. Background Technology

[0002] Combine harvesters consist of multiple functional units that move crops within the equipment. They can perform various functions such as cutting, separating ears of grain, separating husks, and discharging grain, as well as transporting crops between these units. They are highly integrated and suitable for large-scale grain harvesting operations. The rotary threshing unit in the combine harvester separates the grains from the ears of grain. The rotary threshing unit has an outer cylinder with internal transverse channels. Inside the outer cylinder is a screw conveyor. Combined with the rotation of the screw conveyor, the cut grains enter from the inlet end and are crushed by the relative rotation of the inner and outer walls of the outer cylinder and the screw conveyor. The grains detach from the ears and fall through the sieve-like mesh on the outer cylinder, achieving separation and threshing. The stalks of the separated grains are then discharged from the outlet end.

[0003] Existing technical solutions such as US20250287871A1 and CN112547474A all involve components of combine harvesters and rotary threshing machines. In particular, CN112547474A optimizes the outer cylinder and guide vanes of the rotary threshing machine to improve threshing cleanliness. However, during the gradual conveying, crushing, and threshing of crops between the outer cylinder and the screw conveyor, the gaps between the crushed and threshed crops gradually increase as the grains fall off, affecting the threshing effect in the later stages. This application also addresses the issue of improving threshing cleanliness by optimizing the specific structure of the outer cylinder, taking into account the actual process of gradual conveying, crushing, and threshing of crops between the outer cylinder and the screw conveyor, thereby improving threshing cleanliness and increasing the threshing rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an outer cylinder structure for a rotary threshing device, so as to improve the threshing cleanliness and increase the threshing rate of crops.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device includes a cylindrical outer cylinder body; the outer cylinder body includes an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body that are split in half axially, and the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are interlocked to form the outer cylinder body; the side wall of the lower cylinder body has a plurality of through screen holes; a front screening mechanism and a rear screening mechanism are provided axially spaced inside the lower cylinder body. Both the front-end screening mechanism and the rear-end screening mechanism include multiple rotating plate units circumferentially spaced on the inner wall of the lower cylinder. Each rotating plate unit includes a rotatable contact plate arranged along the axial direction of the lower cylinder, and the direction of its rotation axis also corresponds to the axial direction of the lower cylinder. Each rotating plate unit of the rear-end screening mechanism is configured to reciprocate in the radial direction of the lower cylinder in order to adjust the height protruding from the inner wall of the lower cylinder.

[0006] To further improve the above technical solution, a front mounting hole with a minor arc cross-section is provided on the side wall of the lower cylinder. The front screening mechanism is also in a minor arc shape and is installed and connected in the front mounting hole. The front screening mechanism includes two parallel and facing first support plates. The first support plates are in a minor arc shape. The outer arc edges of the two first support plates are connected by an arc-shaped front screen plate. The front screen plate has the screen holes. Multiple contact plates are circumferentially spaced between the surfaces of two first support plates. Each contact plate has a protruding pivot portion at the center of its two end faces, and is rotatably connected to an assembly hole on the corresponding first support plate via the pivot portion. The first support plate is provided with a drive motor for driving the contact plates to rotate.

[0007] Furthermore, a rear section mounting hole with a minor arc cross-section is provided on the side wall of the lower cylinder. The rear section screening mechanism is also in a minor arc shape and is installed and connected in the rear section mounting hole. The rear section screening mechanism includes two parallel and opposite second support plates. The second support plates are in a minor arc shape. The outer arc edges of the two second support plates are connected by an arc-shaped rear section screen plate. The rear section screen plate has the screen holes. Each rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism is circumferentially connected to two second support plates. Lifting units are symmetrically arranged on the outer surfaces of the two second support plates. The lifting units are arranged one-to-one with each rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism. The telescopic end of the lifting unit faces the inner side of the lower cylinder radially. The rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism is correspondingly connected to the telescopic end of the two symmetrical lifting units.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism includes two motor bases, and the two ends of the contact plate are rotatably connected to the two motor bases respectively. Each motor base has a built-in motor that drives the contact plate to rotate. The two motor bases are respectively connected to the telescopic ends of the two symmetrical lifting units.

[0009] Furthermore, the contact plate of the rear screening mechanism includes an I-shaped support, which consists of end panels at both ends and a central plate connected between the middle of the end panels. The middle of the outer side of the end panels is rotatably connected to the two motor bases respectively through a protruding rotating connection. A swing plate is rotatably connected between the two ends of the inner side of the end panels. The end face of the swing plate has a rotating protrusion, which is eccentrically set on the end face of the swing plate.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device of the present invention, when working with the screw conveyor for threshing, allows the crops to be gradually transported, crushed, and threshed between the outer cylinder body and the screw conveyor. In the first section, because the ears of grain are full, the threshing can be effectively promoted by the screening mechanism in the first section. As the grains gradually fall off, in the second section, the fullness of the ears of grain decreases, and the gap between the crops being crushed and threshed increases relatively. The rotating plate units of the screening mechanism in the second section can adjust their radial positions to compensate for the increased gaps and the impact on the crushing and threshing in the second section, thus maintaining the threshing effect in the second section. This ensures that the crops can be effectively threshed throughout the entire process inside the outer cylinder body, thereby improving the threshing cleanliness and increasing the threshing rate.

[0011] 2. The outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device of the present invention adopts an independent front screening mechanism and a rear screening mechanism, which facilitates the formation of an integral lower cylinder structure. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device in a specific embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The right view; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device in a specific embodiment; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the upper half of the outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the lower half of the outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device in the embodiment; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the front screening mechanism in the outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device in the embodiment. Figure 7 for Figure 6 Side view of the front screening mechanism; Figure 8 For Figure 6 Based on this, a schematic diagram of a set of contact plates driven by a drive motor and another set of outer covers is omitted; Figure 9 for Figure 6 A separate schematic diagram of the contact plate in the front screening mechanism; Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the rear screening mechanism in the outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device in the embodiment. Figure 11 for Figure 10 Side view of the rear screening mechanism; Figure 12 for Figure 10A separate schematic diagram of the rotating plate unit in the rear screening mechanism; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Exploded view of the combined contact plate in the rotating plate unit; The components include: outer cylinder body 1, upper cylinder body 2, lower cylinder body 3, front mounting hole 4, rear mounting hole 5, screen hole 6, front screening mechanism 7, first support plate 8, assembly hole 9, arc groove 10, front screen plate 11, toothed synchronous belt 12, outer cover body 13, drive motor 14, contact plate 15, rotating shaft 16, rear screening mechanism 17, second support plate 18, mounting part 19, lifting unit 20, lead screw 21, rear screen plate 22, motor base 23, I-shaped bracket 24, end panel 25, rotating connection part 26, central plate 27, swing plate 28, and rotating protrusion 29. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Please see Figures 1-3 as well as Figure 9 The outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device in a specific embodiment includes a cylindrical outer cylinder body 1; the outer cylinder body 1 includes an upper cylinder body 2 and a lower cylinder body 3 that are split in half axially, and the upper cylinder body 2 and the lower cylinder body 3 are interlocked to form the outer cylinder body 1; the side wall of the lower cylinder body 3 has a plurality of through sieve holes 6 to allow the threshed grains to pass through; the lower cylinder body 3 is provided with a front screening mechanism 7 and a rear screening mechanism 17 spaced apart along the axial direction, which is the direction of crop conveying when the screw conveyor is working.

[0015] Both the front-end screening mechanism 7 and the rear-end screening mechanism 17 include multiple rotating plate units circumferentially spaced on the inner wall of the lower cylinder 3. Each rotating plate unit includes a rotatable contact plate 15 arranged axially along the lower cylinder 3, with its rotation axis also corresponding to the axial direction of the lower cylinder 3. Each rotating plate unit of the rear-end screening mechanism 17 is configured to reciprocate radially within the lower cylinder 3 to adjust its height protruding from the inner wall of the lower cylinder 3. Due to the influence of gravity on the crops, the main action is within the lower cylinder 3. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 4 The upper cylinder 2 of this structure is relatively simple in construction. Only protruding spiral ribs are set at intervals inside the upper cylinder 2 to cooperate with rolling and threshing.

[0016] The outer cylinder structure of the embodiment is in a fixed state during use and works in conjunction with the internal rotating screw conveyor (not shown in the figure) to crush the crops (such as stalks with ears of grain) between the screw conveyor and the inner part of the outer cylinder body 1. The contact plate 15 of the rotating plate unit rotates on the inner wall of the lower cylinder body 3, further promoting the grains to detach from the ears of grain and fall out through the sieve holes 6 on the outer cylinder body 1. The grain stalks after detachment are sent out from the end, realizing separation and threshing. During the gradual conveying, crushing, and threshing of crops between the outer cylinder body 1 and the screw conveyor, the initial section, with its full ears of grain, is effectively threshed by the initial screening mechanism 7. As the grains gradually fall off, the fullness of the ears decreases in the later section, and the gaps between the crushing and threshing processes increase relatively. The rotating plate units of the later screening mechanism 17 can adjust their radial positions to compensate for the increased gaps and maintain the threshing effect in the later stages. This ensures that the crops are effectively threshed throughout their movement within the outer cylinder body 1, thereby improving threshing cleanliness and increasing the threshing rate. The outer cylinder body 1 is fixed to the combine harvester, and the screw conveyor is rotatably connected to the combine harvester and rotates coaxially at the center of the outer cylinder body 1. This is an existing connection structure and will not be described in detail here.

[0017] The rotating plate unit can be connected to the inner wall of the lower cylinder 3 via a bracket with corresponding functions, and can be installed directly or indirectly. For ease of manufacturing and assembly, this embodiment adopts the following specific form. Please refer to... Figures 5-9The lower cylinder 3 has a front mounting hole 4 with a slightly curved cross-section on its side wall. The front screening mechanism 7 is also slightly curved and is installed in the front mounting hole 4. The front screening mechanism 7 includes two parallel and opposite first support plates 8 with a slightly curved cross-section. The outer curved edges of the two first support plates 8 are connected by a curved front screen plate 11, which has the screen holes 6. A plurality of contact plates 15 are circumferentially spaced between the surfaces of the two first support plates 8. The cross-section of the contact plate 15 is elongated. The middle of both ends of the contact plate 15 has a protruding rotating shaft 16, which is rotatably connected to the mounting hole 9 on the corresponding first support plate 8 through the rotating shaft 16. The first support plate 8 is provided with a drive motor 14 for driving the contact plate 15 to rotate. The two ends of the first support plates 8 are connected to the front mounting holes 4 on the side wall of the lower half cylinder 3 (the connection can be welded after assembly or detachably bolted). The drive motor 14 can drive the contact plates 15 one-to-one. In this embodiment, an oval arc groove 10 is recessed on the outer side of the first support plate 8. The rotating shaft part 16 of the contact plate 15 corresponding to the arc groove 10 extends into the arc groove 10. The ends of the rotating shaft parts 16 in the arc groove 10 are connected to each other synchronously by the toothed synchronous belt 12. The end of the rotating shaft 16 has a matching external tooth shape. The inner wall of the arc groove 10 constrains and ensures the transmission connection between the toothed synchronous belt 12 and the end of each rotating shaft 16. The arc groove 10 is equipped with an outer cover 13 on the outer side of the first support plate 8. The drive motor 14 is mounted on the outer cover 13. The output shaft of the drive motor 14 passes through the outer cover 13. Between any two rotating shafts 16, the toothed synchronous belt 12 is driven by the output gear on the output shaft, thereby driving the corresponding contact plates 15 to rotate. See also Figure 8 The arc-shaped groove 10 shown corresponds to four contact plates 15 within its opening length. A drive motor 14 synchronously drives the rotation of the four contact plates 15.

[0018] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 10 and Figure 11The lower cylinder 3 has a rear mounting hole 5 with a slightly curved cross-section on its side wall. The rear screening mechanism 17 is also slightly curved and is installed in the rear mounting hole 5. The rear screening mechanism 17 includes two parallel and opposite second support plates 18 with slightly curved cross-sections. The outer curved edges of the two second support plates 18 are connected by an arc-shaped rear screen plate 22, which has the screen holes 6. Each rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism 17 is circumferentially spaced on the two second support plates 18. Lifting units 20 are symmetrically arranged on the outer surfaces of the two second support plates 18. The lifting units 20 are arranged one-to-one with each rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism 17. The telescopic end of the lifting unit 20 is radially oriented towards the inner side of the lower cylinder 3, and the working direction is radially oriented towards the lower cylinder 3. The rotating plate units of the rear screening mechanism 17 are correspondingly connected to the telescopic ends of the two symmetrical lifting units 20. This facilitates the height adjustment of the rotating plate unit on the rear screening mechanism 17.

[0019] Please refer to the above. Figure 12 and Figure 13 The rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism 17 includes two motor bases 23. The two ends of the contact plate are rotatably connected to the two motor bases 23 respectively. Each motor base 23 has a built-in motor (not shown in the figure) that drives the contact plate to rotate. The two motor bases 23 are respectively connected to the telescopic ends of the two symmetrical lifting units 20.

[0020] The contact plate of the rear screening mechanism 17 includes an I-shaped support 24, which consists of end panels 25 at both ends and a central plate 27 connecting the middle of the end panels 25. The outer sides of the end panels 25 are rotatably connected to the two motor bases 23 via protruding rotating connecting parts 26. A swing plate 28 is rotatably connected between the two ends of the inner sides of the end panels 25. The swing plate 28 is axially arranged along the lower cylinder 3, and its rotation axis corresponds to the axial direction of the lower cylinder 3. The cross-section of the swing plate 28 is oval, and its end face has a rotating protrusion 29. The rotating protrusion 29 is eccentrically positioned on the end face of the swing plate 28, i.e., not in the middle of the end face, and rotates freely without drive. Thus, the contact plate of the rear screening mechanism 17 adopts a combined form. In addition to simple rotational contact with crops, under conditions with larger gaps, the swing plate 28 can also eccentrically swing and contact the crops, forming an irregular contact that promotes threshing.

[0021] Please see again. Figure 10 and Figure 11The lifting unit 20 adopts a screw drive structure. An oval mounting part 19 is provided on the outer side of the second support plate 18. The mounting part 19 has a radial mounting cavity. The motor of the screw drive structure is placed at the bottom of the mounting cavity. The screw 21 (or screw rod) driven by the motor is connected to the motor seat 23. The motor seat 23 is placed in the mounting cavity with its rotation restricted. When the motor drives the screw 21 to rotate, the motor seat 23 is restricted to rotate, thereby driving it to reciprocate in the radial direction of the lower half cylinder 3 as the screw 21 rotates.

[0022] During use, the electrical components such as the rotating plate unit are controlled by the equipment controller. During the threshing process, the contact plate 15 of the rotating plate unit rotates on the inner wall of the lower cylinder 3 to promote detachment. It can also be fixed at a set appropriate tilt angle, which is in the same direction as the rotation of the screw conveyor, or in the opposite direction. This can achieve the effect of slowing down or speeding up the speed at which the grains leave the machine.

[0023] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary threshing device outer cylinder structure, comprising a cylindrical outer cylinder body; the outer cylinder body includes an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body split in half axially, the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body being interlocked to form the outer cylinder body; the side wall of the lower cylinder body has a plurality of through sieve holes; characterized in that: The lower cylinder is equipped with a front screening mechanism and a rear screening mechanism spaced apart along the axial direction. Both the front-end screening mechanism and the rear-end screening mechanism include multiple rotating plate units circumferentially spaced on the inner wall of the lower cylinder. Each rotating plate unit includes a rotatable contact plate arranged along the axial direction of the lower cylinder, and the direction of its rotation axis also corresponds to the axial direction of the lower cylinder. Each rotating plate unit of the rear-end screening mechanism is configured to reciprocate in the radial direction of the lower cylinder in order to adjust the height protruding from the inner wall of the lower cylinder.

2. The outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cylinder has a front mounting hole with a minor arc cross-section on its side wall. The front screening mechanism is also in a minor arc shape and is installed in the front mounting hole. The front screening mechanism includes two parallel and opposite first support plates. The first support plates are in a minor arc shape. The outer arc edges of the two first support plates are connected by an arc-shaped front screen plate. The front screen plate has the screen holes. Multiple contact plates are circumferentially spaced between the surfaces of two first support plates. Each contact plate has a protruding pivot portion at the center of its two end faces, and is rotatably connected to an assembly hole on the corresponding first support plate via the pivot portion. The first support plate is provided with a drive motor for driving the contact plates to rotate.

3. The outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cylinder has a rear mounting hole with a minor arc cross-section on its side wall. The rear screening mechanism is also in a minor arc shape and is installed in the rear mounting hole. The rear screening mechanism includes two parallel and opposite second support plates. The second support plates are in a minor arc shape. The outer arc edges of the two second support plates are connected by an arc-shaped rear screen plate. The rear screen plate has the screen holes. Each rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism is circumferentially connected to two second support plates. Lifting units are symmetrically arranged on the outer surfaces of the two second support plates. The lifting units are arranged one-to-one with each rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism. The telescopic end of the lifting unit faces the inner side of the lower cylinder radially. The rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism is correspondingly connected to the telescopic end of the two symmetrical lifting units.

4. The outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating plate unit of the rear screening mechanism includes two motor bases. The two ends of the contact plate are rotatably connected to the two motor bases respectively. Each motor base has a built-in motor that drives the contact plate to rotate. The two motor bases are respectively connected to the telescopic ends of two symmetrical lifting units.

5. The outer cylinder structure of the rotary threshing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The contact plate of the rear screening mechanism includes an I-shaped support, which consists of end panels at both ends and a central plate connected between the middle of the end panels. The middle of the outer side of the end panels is rotatably connected to the two motor bases through a protruding rotating connection. A swing plate is rotatably connected between the two ends of the inner side of the end panels. The end face of the swing plate has a rotating protrusion, which is eccentrically set on the end face of the swing plate.

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