Method for degrading vomitoxin by using potassium hydrogen peroxymonosulfate
The method of electrocatalytic coupling of PMS with bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst has solved the problem of difficult degradation of vomitoxin, and achieved efficient and stable degradation of vomitoxin, which is suitable for complex aquatic environments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511532769.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are difficult to efficiently and stably treat vomitoxin, which is highly water-soluble and thermally stable, under mild conditions. They also have problems such as high selectivity, heavy regeneration burden, large amount of metal salt added, and risk of secondary pollution.
A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was used for electrocatalytic coupling with potassium persulfate (PMS). PMS was synergistically activated under constant potential to achieve efficient and rapid degradation of vomitoxin.
It achieves 100% degradation efficiency of vomitoxin within 30 minutes, has wide pH adaptability and tolerance to complex matrices, is widely applicable, the catalyst is recyclable, and the degradation efficiency is stable.
Smart Images
Figure CN121317992A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the fields of water treatment and advanced oxidation technology, and in particular to a method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate. Background Technology
[0002] Vomitoxin (DON) is a triterpenoid mycotoxin characterized by high water solubility, strong thermal stability, and poor biodegradability; it easily enters wastewater systems during grain processing, storage, transportation, and cleaning. Existing treatment technologies, such as coagulation sedimentation / filtration, activated carbon adsorption, simple electro-oxidation, Fenton / Fenton-like agents, and PMS (potassium persulfate) activation only, generally suffer from high selectivity / heavy regeneration burden, dependence on strong acid conditions, large metal salt dosage and risk of secondary pollution, high energy consumption, or susceptibility to complex substrates. , , Due to issues such as sensitivity, it is difficult to achieve efficient, stable, and continuous treatment of DON under mild conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an electrochemically coupled advanced oxidation technology that maintains high activity, low side reactions, and low metal leaching in low potential, wide pH, and complex aquatic matrices. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium peroxymonosulfate. Addressing the difficulty in degrading DON, this invention involves preparing... The catalyst and electrocatalytic coupling with PMS enabled the efficient and rapid degradation of DON.
[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention disclose a method for degrading vomitoxin using potassium persulfate, the method comprising: S1, for The mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst; The mixture includes urea, and ; S2, utilizing the A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was used to treat potassium permonosulfate to obtain activated potassium permonosulfate. S3, using the activated potassium persulfate, the vomitoxin in the water is degraded to obtain the water degradation results.
[0005] As an optional implementation, in this embodiment of the invention, the... The mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalysts include: S11, for The mixture is ground to obtain Mixtures and powders; S12, the The mixture powder is transferred to a tube furnace for a first calcination to obtain a first calcined mixture; S13, the first calcined mixture is calcined a second time to obtain a second calcined mixture; S14, the second calcined mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst.
[0006] As an optional implementation, in this embodiment of the invention, the first calcination method is as follows: The The mixture powder was transferred to a tube furnace and calcined at 180 °C for 2 hours to obtain the first calcined mixture.
[0007] As an optional implementation, in this embodiment of the invention, the second calcination method is as follows: The first calcined mixture was heated to 550 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min and held at 550 °C for 3 hours to obtain the second calcined mixture.
[0008] As an optional implementation, in this embodiment of the invention, the second calcined mixture is processed to obtain... Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalysts include: S141, the second calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain a third calcined mixture; S142, the third calcined mixture is ground into a fine powder to obtain... Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst.
[0009] As an optional implementation, in this embodiment of the invention, the method of utilizing the... A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was used to treat potassium permonosulfate to obtain activated potassium permonosulfate. S21, the A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was coated onto carbon cloth to obtain a working electrode; S22, using the working electrode, potassium persulfate is synergistically activated under a constant potential of 0.5 V to obtain activated potassium persulfate.
[0010] As an optional implementation, in this embodiment of the invention, the... The mixing ratio of the mixture is: 10 grams of urea and 0.1008 g of... and 0.1784 g .
[0011] As an optional implementation, in this embodiment of the invention, the use of activated potassium persulfate to degrade vomitoxin in water to obtain water degradation results includes: S31, Set the concentration of vomitoxin in the water body. Concentrations of bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst and potassium persulfate; S32, under a preset voltage value, degrades vomitoxin in water to obtain water degradation results.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: (1) In the electrocatalytic coupling PMS system, the degradation efficiency of DON can reach 100% within 30 minutes; (2) Wide pH range and adaptability to complex matrices: The system maintains stable activity over a wide pH range; , , It exhibits good tolerance to anions; (3) Wide range of applications: In addition to DON, the system also has good degradation potential for many typical recalcitrant organic compounds (such as antibiotics, dyes, etc.), and has the scalability of integrated multi-pollutant spectrum treatment; (4) Stable and recyclable: As an immobilized heterogeneous catalyst layer, an external electric field promotes reversible cycling of Cu(I) / Cu(II) and Co(II) / Co(III) instead of net metal consumption, and the catalyst maintains a high removal rate even after multiple cycles. Attached Figure Description
[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the XRD pattern disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the FTIR spectrum disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. SEM image; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a control experiment disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the control experiment result disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, which only involves single-metal electrocatalytic activation of PMS to degrade DON; Figure 7 These are different pH conditions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the electrocatalytic degradation of DON by activated PMS; Figure 8 These are different anion conditions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the electrocatalytic degradation of DON by activated PMS; Figure 9 This is disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. Schematic diagram of activated PMS electrocatalytic degradation of different pollutants; Figure 10 This is disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the repeatability of electrocatalysis of activated PMS. Detailed Implementation
[0015] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0016] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, apparatus, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.
[0017] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0018] This invention discloses a method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate, the method comprising: The mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst; The mixture includes urea, and ; using the above A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst is used to treat potassium permonosulfate (DON) to obtain activated DON. This activated DON is then used to degrade vomitoxin (VON) in water, yielding the desired degradation results. In this invention, under an electrocatalytically coupled PMS system, the degradation efficiency of DON reaches 100% within 30 minutes. The method exhibits wide pH adaptability and compatibility with complex matrices, broad applicability, and stable recyclability. Detailed explanations follow.
[0019] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for degrading vomitoxin using potassium persulfate, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate described herein is applicable to the fields of water treatment and advanced oxidation technologies, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
[0020] This invention realizes a method for using an electric field-assisted potassium persulfate (PMS) activation system to degrade vomitoxin (DON) in water. The system uses... Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride (denoted as Using [catalyst], PMS was synergistically activated under a constant potential of 0.5 V, achieving the activation of 5 mg of [product name] within 30 min at room temperature. It achieves 100% removal and exhibits good tolerance to a wide pH range, various anions, and different pollutants; the degradation efficiency remains essentially unchanged after 5 cycles, maintaining a stable degradation efficiency. This invention is applicable to the treatment of water environments containing DON and other recalcitrant organic matter.
[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate may include the following steps: S1, for The mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst; The mixture includes urea, and ; S2, utilizing the A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was used to treat potassium permonosulfate to obtain activated potassium permonosulfate. S3, using the activated potassium persulfate, the vomitoxin in the water is degraded to obtain the water degradation results.
[0022] Optionally, the pair The mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalysts include: S11, for The mixture is ground to obtain Mixtures and powders; S12, the The mixture powder is transferred to a tube furnace for a first calcination to obtain a first calcined mixture; S13, the first calcined mixture is calcined a second time to obtain a second calcined mixture; S14, the second calcined mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst.
[0023] Optionally, the first calcination method is as follows: The The mixture powder was transferred to a tube furnace and calcined at 180 °C for 2 hours to obtain the first calcined mixture.
[0024] Optionally, the second calcination method is as follows: The first calcined mixture was heated to 550 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min and held at 550 °C for 3 hours to obtain the second calcined mixture.
[0025] Optionally, the second calcined mixture is processed to obtain... Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalysts include: S141, the second calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain a third calcined mixture; S142, the third calcined mixture is ground into a fine powder to obtain... Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst.
[0026] Optionally, the use of the A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was used to treat potassium permonosulfate to obtain activated potassium permonosulfate. S21, the A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was coated onto carbon cloth to obtain a working electrode; S22, using the working electrode, potassium persulfate is synergistically activated under a constant potential of 0.5 V to obtain activated potassium persulfate.
[0027] Optionally, the The mixing ratio of the mixture is: 10 g urea, 0.1008 g CuCl2, and 0.1784 g... .
[0028] Optionally, the step of using the activated potassium persulfate to degrade vomitoxin in water to obtain water degradation results includes: S31, Set the concentration of vomitoxin in the water body. Concentrations of bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst and potassium persulfate; S32, under a preset voltage value, degrades vomitoxin in water to obtain water degradation results.
[0029] Example 2 To address the recalcitrant nature of DON, this invention utilizes a method to prepare... The catalyst and electrocatalytic coupling with PMS enabled the efficient and rapid degradation of DON. The catalyst preparation process is as follows: It is synthesized through a simple high-temperature calcination method. 10 g of urea, 0.1008 g of CuCl2, and 0.1784 g of... The mixture was thoroughly ground in a mortar to ensure homogeneity, and then transferred to a tube furnace. The sample was initially calcined at 180 °C for 2 hours, then heated to 550 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min and held at 550 °C for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the resulting product was ground into a fine powder for later use. The catalyst was then coated onto carbon cloth to form the working electrode.
[0030] The present invention and Catalyst XRD pattern as follows Figure 2 As shown. Showing similar The structure was altered, but the diffraction peak intensity decreased, indicating that the introduction of Cu and Co did not disrupt the structure. It has a basic structure, but it will affect its interlayer stacking and in-plane crystallinity.
[0031] The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to study and The functional groups, the results are as follows Figure 3 As shown, the two materials exhibit similar FTIR spectra. The peaks observed at 3440 cm⁻¹ and 3159 cm⁻¹ are attributed to... Groups and The stretching vibration of the radical group. The peak at 1636 cm⁻¹ is attributed to... Stretching vibration. Peak indication in the 1238-1650 cm⁻¹ region. The characteristic stretching vibrations of heterocyclic rings, with the peak at 1238 cm⁻¹ specifically corresponding to aromatic rings. Stretching vibration. Observed at 813 cm⁻¹. Characteristic peaks, representing The breathing pattern of the triazine ring. In the composite material, the relative intensity of these peaks indicates that Cu and Co doping disrupts the process. Partial graphite structure. Furthermore, in In the FTIR spectrum, a new peak appeared at 2170 cm⁻¹, indicating that metal doping caused partial breakage of the triazine ring, resulting in the breakdown of the triazine ring structure. Key transformation key.
[0032] like Figure 4 for The scanning electron microscope (SEM) image shows that its morphology is generally irregular and accompanied by a large number of pore structures.
[0033] Example 3 This embodiment is A method for electrocatalytic degradation of devotion toxin (DON) using activated PMS was developed. Different systems for DON degradation were investigated based on the catalysts prepared above, such as... Figure 5 The experiments were conducted under the following conditions: initial DON concentration = 5 mg / L, catalyst concentration = 1 g / L, PMS concentration = 2 mM, Na₂SO₄ = 20 mM, and voltage = 0.5 V. (Used alone...) The catalyst showed negligible degradation of DON, indicating that the catalyst material had no significant adsorption effect on DON. Similarly, using only current (E) and only adding PMS and E+, the degradation was also minimal. The (EC) system also failed to effectively degrade DON. The E+PMS (EP) system slightly improved the degradation rate of DON by approximately 20% within 30 minutes, while... The degradation efficiency of the / PMS system was significantly improved, reaching 70%. These results highlight the crucial role of PMS in this work, as the degradation of DON primarily relies on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated through PMS activation. Current has limited ability to activate PMS, while... It exhibits a significantly stronger activation effect. In E+PMS+ In the (ECP) system, the degradation rate of DON is approximately 86% within the first 5 minutes, and DON is completely degraded within 30 minutes.
[0034] This example verifies the control experiment of PMS degradation of DON using only single-metal electrocatalytic activation, such as... Figure 6As shown, this demonstrates the synergistic effect of the bimetallic compounds. It can be observed that when only a single metal is used, the degradation efficiency of DON is less than 40% within 30 minutes, confirming the synergistic effect of Cu and Co in the electrocatalytic-assisted activation of PMS.
[0035] Example 4 Under different pH conditions Activated PMS electrocatalytic degradation of DON: The ECP system has a wide pH range of applicability, such as... Figure 7 Under acidic and neutral conditions, the system achieved complete degradation of DON. However, under alkaline conditions, the degradation efficiency was slightly inhibited, but the system could still degrade 90% of DON.
[0036] Example 5 Under different anion conditions Electrocatalytic degradation of DON by activated PMS: Since real water bodies contain a large number of inorganic anions, it is crucial to study their impact on DON degradation. , and The presence of [a substance] has no significant effect on the degradation efficiency of DON. Figure 8 Conversely, it was found that... It can promote the degradation of DON, and with The increased concentration enhances the promoting effect. This phenomenon may be attributed to two main mechanisms: (1) Anodic activation produces reactive chloride species (RCS), such as , and (2) It reacts with PMS to form the strong oxidizing hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Low concentrations... The effect on degradation efficiency is relatively small. This inhibitory effect can be attributed to several factors: (1) Through with and The reaction quenches ROS in the solution, forming a less effective oxidant. (2) The pH of the solution was increased, which is consistent with the previous finding that alkaline conditions slightly inhibited the degradation efficiency of the system.
[0037] Example 6 Activated PMS for electrocatalytic degradation of different pollutants: To verify To demonstrate the applicability of the activated PMS electrocatalytic system, we degraded different pollutants in this system, such as... Figure 9 The system demonstrated its superiority by degrading tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and methylene blue (MB) by 100% within 30 minutes.
[0038] Example 7 Verification of the repeatability of activated PMS electrocatalysis: The performance was tested five times in the activated PMS electrocatalytic system, as follows: Figure 10 It can be seen that the degradation efficiency after different cycles can reach 100% within 30 minutes, which verifies the high catalytic activity of the material and the stability of the system.
[0039] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.
[0040] Through the detailed description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, including read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM), electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, disk storage, magnetic tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store data.
[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate, characterized in that, The method includes: S1, for The mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst; The mixture includes urea, CuCl2, and CoCl2·6H2O; S2, utilizing the A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was used to treat potassium permonosulfate to obtain activated potassium permonosulfate. S3, using the activated potassium persulfate, the vomitoxin in the water is degraded to obtain the water degradation results.
2. The method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pair The mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalysts include: S11, for The mixture is ground to obtain Mixtures and powders; S12, the The mixture powder is transferred to a tube furnace for a first calcination to obtain a first calcined mixture; S13, the first calcined mixture is calcined a second time to obtain a second calcined mixture; S14, the second calcined mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst.
3. The method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first calcination method is as follows: The The mixture powder was transferred to a tube furnace and calcined at 180 °C for 2 hours to obtain the first calcined mixture.
4. The method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second calcination method is as follows: The first calcined mixture was heated to 550 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C / min and held at 550 °C for 3 hours to obtain the second calcined mixture.
5. The method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium peroxymonosulfate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second calcined mixture is processed to obtain Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalysts include: S141, the second calcined mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain a third calcined mixture; S142, the third calcined mixture is ground into a fine powder to obtain... Bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst.
6. The method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The use of the A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was used to treat potassium permonosulfate to obtain activated potassium permonosulfate. S21, the A bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst was coated onto carbon cloth to obtain a working electrode; S22, using the working electrode, potassium persulfate is synergistically activated under a constant potential of 0.5 V to obtain activated potassium persulfate.
7. The method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The The mixing ratio of the mixture is: 10 g urea, 0.1008 g CuCl2 and 0.1784 g CoCl2·6H2O.
8. The method for degrading vomitoxin with potassium persulfate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using activated potassium persulfate to degrade vomitoxin in water, resulting in water degradation, includes: S31, Set the concentration of vomitoxin in the water body. Concentrations of bimetallic modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst and potassium persulfate; S32, under a preset voltage value, degrades vomitoxin in water to obtain water degradation results.