An integrated valve-ejector for liquid hydrogen supply circulation system

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated valve ejector for a liquid hydrogen hydrogen supply circulating system and belongs to the technical field of the liquid hydrogen hydrogen supply circulating system ejector. The device is installed in a circulating loop and comprises a shell part, a pressure regulating combined valve, an ejector part and a shunt flow control valve. The pressure regulating combined valve is composed of a pressure reducing valve, an unloading channel one-way valve, a one-way unloading valve and an unloading channel. The ejector part comprises an air inlet, a reserve cavity, a round-throw combined nozzle pipe and an air outlet. Through integrated design, the pressure regulating combined valve, the ejector part and the shunt flow control valve are integrated as a whole, high-pressure hydrogen pressure reduction, automatic unloading and circulating pressure reduction can be realized. The shunt flow control valve comprises five groups of adjusting units, each adjusting unit is independently controlled, hydrogen flow can be accurately adjusted according to different working condition requirements of the fuel cell, so that the continuous stability of the hydrogen supply process is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ejector technology for liquid hydrogen supply circulation systems, and more specifically to an integrated valve ejector for liquid hydrogen supply circulation systems. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid hydrogen, as a highly efficient and clean energy source, is considered one of the ideal power sources for the future due to its high energy density and zero emissions. Its only emission is water, perfectly aligning with the future trend of zero emissions. Liquid hydrogen supply and circulation systems, as a core technology in the field of hydrogen energy utilization, are widely used in key areas such as aerospace propulsion, fuel cell vehicles, drones, and flying cars. However, traditional liquid hydrogen delivery systems often employ a split design, connecting independent components such as pressure reducing devices and ejectors in series via pipelines. This discrete structure results in a large system size and an excessively high power-to-weight ratio, severely restricting system integration, especially in spacecraft, drones, and vehicle scenarios. Simultaneously, it is necessary to ensure precise regulation of hydrogen flow in fuel cell reactors during different modes—start-up, acceleration, steady-state, deceleration, and idling—to guarantee system stability and reliability. Furthermore, for unexpected situations where the pressure fails to reach the target value, automatic unloading and re-pressure reduction are required to ensure overall operational safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply cycle system to solve the problems mentioned in the background section. To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this invention is:

[0004] An integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system is installed in the circulation loop of the liquid hydrogen supply circulation system. The integrated valve injector includes a housing, a pressure regulating combination valve, an ejector section, and a flow diversion control valve. The pressure regulating combination valve, the ejector section, and the flow diversion control valve are installed inside the housing and tightly integrated with the housing into an integrated structure. The ejector section includes an inlet, a storage chamber, a circular jet nozzle tube, and an outlet. The pressure regulating combination valve includes a pressure reducing valve, an unloading channel check valve, a one-way unloading valve, and an unloading channel. The unloading channel check valve, pressure reducing valve, and one-way unloading valve are integrated into one unit, and the unloading channel check valve and the one-way unloading valve are interconnected through the unloading channel. The integrated valve injector has two modes: a stop mode and a working mode. The working mode includes a start mode, an acceleration mode, a steady-state mode, a deceleration mode, an idle mode, and an unloading circulation pressure reducing mode.

[0005] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply and circulation system, the inlet includes a high-pressure hydrogen inlet and a circulating hydrogen inlet; the circulating hydrogen inlet includes a first circulating hydrogen inlet and a second circulating hydrogen inlet.

[0006] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply and circulation system, the storage chamber includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber, a circulating hydrogen storage chamber, a mixing chamber, a diffuser chamber, and a stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber; the circulating hydrogen storage chamber includes a first circulating hydrogen storage chamber and a second circulating hydrogen storage chamber; the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber is located to the right of the high-pressure hydrogen inlet; the diffuser chamber and the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber are connected via a flow control valve; the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber is located to the left of the outlet; the first circulating hydrogen storage chamber is located above the first circulating hydrogen inlet; and the second circulating hydrogen storage chamber is located below the second circulating hydrogen inlet.

[0007] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, the circular-parabolic combined nozzle tube includes a nozzle tube inlet, a frustum nozzle tube, a first nozzle, a parabolic nozzle tube, and a second nozzle; the circular-parabolic combined nozzle tube adopts a design combining frustum and parabolic shapes.

[0008] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, the pressure reducing valve includes a pressure reducing valve inlet, a pressure reducing valve core, a pressure reducing valve spring, a pressure reducing valve PID controller, a pressure reducing valve H-bridge circuit module, a pressure reducing valve electromagnet, and a pressure reducing valve outlet; the pressure reducing valve core is made of pure iron and has excellent magnetic permeability.

[0009] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, the unloading channel check valve includes an unloading channel check valve inlet, an unloading channel check valve core, an unloading channel check valve spring, and an unloading channel check valve outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, the one-way unloading valve includes a first one-way unloading valve spring, a damping orifice, a one-way unloading valve inlet, a first one-way unloading valve core, a constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber, a second one-way unloading valve core, a second one-way unloading valve spring, and a one-way unloading valve outlet; the first one-way unloading valve spring and the first one-way unloading valve core are perpendicular to the second one-way unloading valve spring and the second one-way unloading valve core, respectively; the one-way unloading valve outlet, the nozzle pipe inlet, the first nozzle, the second nozzle, the mixing chamber, and the diffuser chamber are sequentially interconnected.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, the diversion flow control valve includes five sets of structurally identical regulating units. Each regulating unit includes three channels, a valve core, a spring, and an electromagnet. The five regulating units correspond to start-up, acceleration, steady state, deceleration, and idling conditions, respectively. The valve cores are all installed inside the valve body of the diversion flow control valve and are used to control the fluid on / off state of the corresponding channels.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, the valve core includes a deceleration valve core, a steady-state valve core, an idle speed valve core, a start valve core, and an acceleration valve core; the spring includes a deceleration spring, a steady-state spring, an idle speed spring, a start spring, and an acceleration spring; and the electromagnet includes a deceleration electromagnet, a steady-state electromagnet, an idle speed electromagnet, a start electromagnet, and an acceleration electromagnet.

[0013] Furthermore, in the diversion flow control valve, when any electromagnet is energized, it applies an electromagnetic force to its corresponding valve core, causing the valve core to displace against the force of the corresponding spring, thus opening the channel corresponding to that valve core. When the electromagnet is de-energized, the spring pushes the valve core back to its original position, closing the corresponding channel. The remaining valve cores remain closed under the action of their respective springs, ensuring that only one channel of the diversion flow control valve participates in fluid flow at any given time, avoiding mutual interference between the channels.

[0014] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, the control valve H-bridge circuit module is equipped with five mode switches, including a start-up mode switch, an acceleration mode switch, a steady-state mode switch, a deceleration mode switch, and an idle mode switch. The control valve PID controller can output five different signals, each signal corresponding to one mode switch of the control valve H-bridge circuit module, enabling the control valve H-bridge circuit module to independently control the current magnitude and direction of the corresponding mode electromagnet. The control valve PID controller outputs only one signal at a time, ensuring that only one mode electromagnet current magnitude and direction are adjusted each time.

[0015] Furthermore, the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system includes a stop mode and a working mode; the working mode includes a start mode, an acceleration mode, a steady-state mode, a deceleration mode, an idle mode, and an unloading circulation pressure reduction mode; in the stop mode, the pressure regulating combination valve and the flow control valve are in a stop mode, and the inlet, outlet, and storage chamber are not connected; in the start mode, the mode selector transmits the signal for the start mode to the control valve PID controller, and the control valve PID controller outputs a signal to cause the control valve H-bridge circuit module to adjust the magnitude and direction of the current of the start electromagnet, so that the start electromagnet generates an electromagnetic force to the left, thereby starting the electromagnet. The iron adsorption starts the valve core, which moves to the right by a corresponding displacement against the force of the starting spring, connecting the diffuser chamber, the first starting channel, the starting valve core channel, the second starting channel, and the stable hydrogen storage chamber. In the acceleration mode, the mode selector transmits the signal for acceleration mode to the control valve PID controller. The control valve PID controller outputs a signal to the control valve H-bridge circuit module to adjust the magnitude and direction of the current of the acceleration electromagnet, causing the acceleration electromagnet to generate a leftward electromagnetic force. This causes the acceleration electromagnet to adsorb the acceleration valve core, which moves to the right by a corresponding displacement against the force of the acceleration spring, connecting the diffuser chamber, the first acceleration channel, the acceleration valve core channel, the second acceleration channel, and the stable hydrogen storage chamber. In the steady-state mode, the mode selector... The selector transmits the signal for steady-state mode to the PID controller of the control valve. The PID controller outputs a signal to the H-bridge circuit module of the control valve, adjusting the magnitude and direction of the current in the steady-state electromagnet. This causes the steady-state electromagnet to generate a leftward electromagnetic force, which in turn attracts the steady-state valve core, overcoming the force of the steady-state spring and moving it to the right by a corresponding displacement. This connects the diffuser chamber, the first steady-state channel, the steady-state valve core channel, the second steady-state channel, and the stable hydrogen storage chamber. In deceleration mode, the selector transmits the signal for deceleration mode to the PID controller of the control valve. The PID controller outputs a signal to the H-bridge circuit module of the control valve, adjusting the magnitude and direction of the current in the deceleration electromagnet, causing the deceleration electromagnet to generate a leftward electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic force causes the deceleration electromagnet to attract the deceleration valve core, overcoming the force of the deceleration spring and moving it to the right by a corresponding displacement, thus connecting the diffuser chamber, the first deceleration channel, the deceleration valve core channel, the second deceleration channel, and the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber. In the idle mode, the mode selector transmits the signal for the idle mode to the control valve PID controller. The control valve PID controller outputs a signal to the control valve H-bridge circuit module to adjust the current magnitude and direction of the idle electromagnet, causing the idle electromagnet to generate a leftward electromagnetic force. This causes the idle electromagnet to attract the idle valve core, overcoming the force of the idle spring and moving it to the right by a corresponding displacement, thus connecting the diffuser chamber, the first idle channel, the idle valve core channel, the second idle channel, and the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber.In the unloading cycle pressure reduction mode, high-pressure hydrogen is present at the outlet of the pressure reducing valve. After the high-pressure hydrogen enters the damping orifice through the inlet of the one-way unloading valve, the pressure on the first valve core of the one-way unloading valve exceeds the force of the first spring of the one-way unloading valve. The first valve core of the one-way unloading valve moves upward, and the damping orifice is no longer connected to the constant pressure hydrogen storage chamber. The inlet of the one-way unloading valve, the unloading channel, and the inlet of the one-way valve in the unloading channel are connected. The pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen in the inlet of the one-way valve in the unloading channel overcomes the force of the spring of the one-way valve in the unloading channel, causing the one-way valve in the unloading channel to move upward. The valve core moves upward, connecting the inlet and outlet of the one-way valve in the unloading channel. After entering the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber, it mixes with hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen inlet and then re-enters the pressure-reducing valve through the inlet for pressure reduction until the outlet of the pressure-reducing valve reaches the target pressure. At this point, the damping orifice no longer contains high-pressure hydrogen, and the pressure of the first valve core of the one-way unloading valve is less than the force of the first spring. The first valve core of the one-way unloading valve moves downward, returning to its original position, and the hydrogen reaching the target pressure enters the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber.

[0016] Furthermore, the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system includes a liquid hydrogen refueling pipeline, a vaporization pipeline, a liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline, and a circulation loop.

[0017] Furthermore, the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply and circulation system includes a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline comprising a liquid hydrogen filling port, a one-way valve for the filling pipeline, a filter for the filling pipeline, a combination valve for the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder, and a liquid hydrogen storage cylinder; one end of the filling pipeline is connected to the liquid hydrogen filling port, and the other end is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder through the combination valve for the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0018] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, the vaporization pipeline includes a liquid hydrogen pump, a vaporization pipeline check valve, a vaporization pipeline filter, an ambient temperature vaporizer, a water bath vaporizer, a gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder inlet combination valve, a gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder, and a gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder outlet combination valve; one end of the vaporization pipeline is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder via the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder inlet combination valve, and the other end is connected to the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder via the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder inlet combination valve.

[0019] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, one end of the liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to a water bath vaporizer, and the other end is connected to a liquid hydrogen pump; a one-way valve for the liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline is provided on the liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline; the circulation loop includes a fuel cell reactor, a gas-water separator, an integrated valve injector, and a circulation loop filter.

[0020] This invention provides an integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply cycle system, which has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. This invention designs a combined circular and parabolic nozzle tube for an integrated valve ejector. The nozzle tube adopts a combination of frustum and parabolic shapes. The frustum nozzle tube gradually accelerates the hydrogen gas to form a high-speed jet, while the parabolic nozzle tube further optimizes the velocity distribution and flow stability of the hydrogen gas, thereby enhancing the negative pressure in the mixing chamber and improving the entrainment capacity of the entrained hydrogen gas at the circulating hydrogen inlet. This allows the hydrogen gas injected by the second nozzle to be fully mixed with the entrained hydrogen gas in the mixing chamber, thus significantly improving the entrainment efficiency and mixing effect, and effectively reducing hydrogen waste.

[0022] 2. This invention integrates the pressure regulating valve, ejector, and flow control valve into a single valve-ejector unit through an integrated design. This not only optimizes the structure and saves space and cost, but also reduces the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen to the target pressure through the pressure regulating valve. Furthermore, in fuel cell reactor operation mode, if the pressure is not reduced to the target pressure, it can automatically unload and cycle to reduce the pressure again until the target pressure is reached. This process is completed with extremely rapid response and will not affect the working state in the operating mode, effectively ensuring safety. At the same time, the flow control valve is designed with five independent channels, and the valve core of each channel follows the principle of independent control, enabling independent operation without interference, ensuring precise regulation of hydrogen flow, and ensuring the stability and reliability of hydrogen supply.

[0023] 3. By designing a liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline, this invention can recirculate unvaporized liquid hydrogen back to the vaporization pipeline for revaporization before it enters the gaseous hydrogen storage tank, thus ensuring complete vaporization of the liquid hydrogen, preventing it from entering the gaseous hydrogen storage tank, and avoiding damage to the fuel cell reactor by liquid hydrogen. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated valve injector stop mode of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the flow control valve of the integrated valve ejector of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated valve injector activation mode of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated valve injector acceleration mode of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steady-state mode of the integrated valve injector of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the deceleration mode of the integrated valve injector of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the integrated valve injector idle speed mode of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the process where the pressure regulating combination valve of the integrated valve injector of the present invention automatically unloads and cycles to reduce the pressure to the target pressure again when the working mode fails to reduce the pressure to the target pressure.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the principle flow of the liquid hydrogen supply circulation system of the present invention;

[0033] In the diagram: 1-Liquid hydrogen filling port; 2-One-way valve for hydrogen filling line; 3-Filter for hydrogen filling line; 4-Combination valve for liquid hydrogen storage tank; 5-Liquid hydrogen storage tank; 6-Fuel cell reactor; 7-Circulation loop filter; 8-Gas-liquid separator;

[0034] 9-Integrated valve injector; 901-High-pressure hydrogen inlet; 902-High-pressure hydrogen storage chamber; 903-Shell;

[0035] 904-Pressure reducing valve; 9041-Pressure reducing valve inlet; 9042-Pressure reducing valve core; 9043-Pressure reducing valve spring; 9044-Pressure reducing valve PID controller; 9045-Pressure reducing valve H-bridge circuit module; 9046-Pressure reducing valve electromagnet; 9047-Pressure reducing valve outlet.

[0036] 905 - Unloading channel check valve; 9051 - Unloading channel check valve inlet; 9052 - Unloading channel check valve core; 9053 - Unloading channel check valve spring; 9054 - Unloading channel check valve outlet;

[0037] 906 - One-way unloading valve; 9061 - First spring of one-way unloading valve; 9062 - Damping orifice; 9063 - Inlet of one-way unloading valve; 9064 - First valve core of one-way unloading valve; 9065 - Constant pressure hydrogen storage chamber; 9066 - Second valve core of one-way unloading valve; 9067 - Second spring of one-way unloading valve; 9068 - Outlet of one-way unloading valve;

[0038] 907 - Unloading channel; 908 - Nozzle inlet; 909 - Frustum nozzle; 910 - First circulating hydrogen inlet; 911 - Second circulating hydrogen inlet; 912 - Second circulating hydrogen storage chamber; 913 - First circulating hydrogen storage chamber; 914 - First nozzle; 915 - Parabolic nozzle; 916 - Second nozzle; 917 - Mixing chamber; 918 - Diffuser chamber;

[0039] 919-Flow control valve; 91901-Deceleration spring; 91902-Deceleration valve core; 91903-Deceleration valve core channel; 91904-Deceleration electromagnet; 91905-Deceleration first channel; 91906-Deceleration second channel; 91907-Steady-state spring; 91908-Steady-state valve core; 91909-Steady-state valve core channel; 91910-Steady-state electromagnet; 91911-Steady-state first channel; 91912-Steady-state second channel; 91913-Idle speed spring; 91914-Idle speed valve core; 91915-Idle speed valve core channel; 91916-Idle speed electromagnet; 91917 - Idle speed first channel; 91918 - Idle speed second channel; 91919 - Starting spring; 91920 - Starting valve core; 91921 - Starting valve core channel; 91922 - Starting electromagnet; 91923 - Starting first channel; 91924 - Starting second channel; 91925 - Acceleration spring; 91926 - Acceleration valve core; 91927 - Acceleration valve core channel; 91928 - Acceleration electromagnet; 91929 - Acceleration first channel; 91930 - Acceleration second channel; 91931 - Control valve PID controller; 91932 - Control valve H-bridge circuit module; 91933 - Mode selector;

[0040] 920 - Stabilized hydrogen storage chamber; 921 - Gas outlet;

[0041] 10-Liquid hydrogen pump; 11-Vaporization pipeline check valve; 12-Vaporization pipeline filter; 13-Liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline check valve; 14-Ambient vaporizer; 15-Water bath vaporizer; 16-Gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder inlet combination valve; 17-Gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder; 18-Gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder outlet combination valve. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives, advantages and effects of this invention more apparent and understandable, the specific implementation of this valve will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", etc. appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0044] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0045] refer to Figure 1 The diagram illustrates an integrated valve injector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system. Installed in the circulation loop of the liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, it includes a housing 903, a pressure regulating combination valve, an ejector section, and a flow control valve 919. The pressure regulating combination valve, ejector section, and flow control valve 919 are installed within the housing 903 and tightly integrated with it, forming a unified structure. This not only achieves hydrogen circulation and optimizes the structure, but also reduces the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen to the target pressure through the pressure regulating combination valve. Furthermore, in the operating mode of the fuel cell reactor 6, if the pressure has not been reduced to the target pressure, it can automatically unload and cycle to reduce the pressure again until the target pressure is reached. This process is extremely rapid and does not affect the operating status in any mode, effectively ensuring safety. Simultaneously, the flow control valve 919 is designed with five independent channels, each channel's valve core following an independent control principle, without interference, precisely regulating and supplying the hydrogen flow required for various modes of the fuel cell reactor 6, ensuring the stability and reliability of the hydrogen supply.

[0046] Specifically, when the fuel cell reactor 6 stops working, the fuel cell reactor 6 does not require a hydrogen flow supply, and at this time the integrated valve ejector 9 is in a stop mode; the ejector part includes an air inlet, a storage chamber, a circular jet combined nozzle tube, and an air outlet 921; the pressure regulating combination valve includes a pressure reducing valve 904, an unloading channel check valve 905, a one-way unloading valve 906, and an unloading channel 907; the unloading channel check valve 905, the pressure reducing valve 904, and the one-way unloading valve 906 are integrated into one unit, and the unloading channel check valve 905 and the one-way unloading valve 906... The components are interconnected via an unloading channel 907; the inlet includes a high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901 and a circulating hydrogen inlet; the circulating hydrogen inlet includes a first circulating hydrogen inlet 910 and a second circulating hydrogen inlet 911; the storage chamber is located inside the shell 903 and is used for temporary safe storage of hydrogen, including a high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902, a circulating hydrogen storage chamber, a mixing chamber 917, a diffuser chamber 918, and a stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920, the circulating hydrogen storage chamber including a first circulating hydrogen storage chamber 913 and a second circulating hydrogen storage chamber 914. 12; The high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902 is located to the right of the high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901; the diffuser chamber 918 and the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920 are connected through a flow control valve 919; the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920 is located to the left of the outlet 921; the first circulating hydrogen storage chamber 913 is located above the first circulating hydrogen inlet 910; the second circulating hydrogen storage chamber 912 is located below the second circulating hydrogen inlet 911; the circular-ball combined nozzle tube includes a nozzle tube inlet 908, a frustum-shaped nozzle tube 909, and a first nozzle 914. Parabolic nozzle tube 915 and second nozzle 916; the frustum nozzle tube 909 is used to gradually accelerate hydrogen to form a high-speed jet, and the parabolic nozzle tube 915 is used to further optimize the velocity distribution and flow stability of hydrogen; the combined frustum and parabolic nozzle tube adopts a design combining frustum and parabolic shapes, located to the right of the one-way unloading valve outlet 9068 and to the left of the mixing chamber 917; the one-way unloading valve outlet 9068, nozzle tube inlet 908, first nozzle 914, second nozzle 916, mixing chamber 917, and diffuser chamber 918 are sequentially interconnected.

[0047] The pressure reducing valve 904 includes a pressure reducing valve inlet 9041, a pressure reducing valve core 9042, a pressure reducing valve spring 9043, a pressure reducing valve PID controller 9044, a pressure reducing valve H-bridge circuit module 9045, a pressure reducing valve electromagnet 9046, and a pressure reducing valve outlet 9047; the pressure reducing valve core 9042 is made of pure iron and has excellent magnetic permeability. The pressure reducing valve 904 is used to reduce the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902. The principle is as follows: the pressure reducing valve PID controller 9044 sets the target pressure at the outlet 9047 of the pressure reducing valve and calculates the pressure difference between the inlet 9041 and the outlet 9047. Based on the displacement-pressure difference transfer function relationship of the valve core 9042, the required displacement of the valve core 9042 is calculated. The elastic force of the pressure reducing valve spring 9043 is directly proportional to the displacement of the valve core 9042, and the elastic force of the pressure reducing valve spring 9043 is calculated. The elastic force of the pressure reducing valve spring 9043 reaches a dynamic equilibrium with the resultant force of the electromagnetic force and the hydrogen pressure, and the electric... Magnetic force; electromagnetic force is directly proportional to current, thus the target current is calculated. The PID controller 9044 of the pressure reducing valve outputs a signal to the H-bridge circuit module 9045 of the pressure reducing valve to adjust the magnitude and direction of the current in the electromagnet 9046 of the pressure reducing valve. This causes the electromagnet 9046 to generate an upward electromagnetic force. The electromagnet 9046 attracts the valve core 9042 of the pressure reducing valve, overcoming the force of the spring 9043, and moves downward by a corresponding displacement. This controls the size of the outlet 9047 of the pressure reducing valve, completing the pressure reduction of the high-pressure hydrogen. The hydrogen reaching the target pressure flows out from the outlet 9047 of the pressure reducing valve, enters the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 through the damping orifice 9062, and completes the pressure closed-loop control.

[0048] The unloading channel check valve 905 includes an unloading channel check valve inlet 9051, an unloading channel check valve core 9052, an unloading channel check valve spring 9053, and an unloading channel check valve outlet 9054. It is used to prevent hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902 from flowing into the unloading channel 907, while allowing the high-pressure hydrogen in the unloading channel 907 to flow back to the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902 and be depressurized again by the pressure reducing valve 904. The one-way unloading valve 906 includes a one-way unloading valve first spring 9061, a damping orifice 9062, and a one-way unloading valve inlet 906. 3. A one-way unloading valve first valve core 9064, a constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065, a one-way unloading valve second valve core 9066, a one-way unloading valve second spring 9067, and a one-way unloading valve outlet 9068; the one-way unloading valve first spring 9061 and the one-way unloading valve first valve core 9064 are perpendicular to the one-way unloading valve second spring 9067 and the one-way unloading valve second valve core 9066, respectively; used to ensure that when the hydrogen pressure at the pressure reducing valve outlet 9047 reaches the target value, the one-way unloading valve inlet 9063, the damping orifice 9062, and the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 are connected. When the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the pressure reducing valve 9047 fails to drop to the target value, i.e., high-pressure hydrogen is present, the one-way unloading valve 906 will automatically unload, discharging the hydrogen into the unloading channel 907, and cutting off the connection between the damping orifice 9062 and the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065. When the hydrogen pressure at the outlet of the pressure reducing valve 9047 reaches the target pressure, the one-way unloading valve inlet 9063, the damping orifice 9062, and the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 are interconnected. The pressure of the hydrogen in the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 overcomes the force of the second spring 9067 of the one-way unloading valve, causing the second valve core 9066 of the one-way unloading valve to... Moving to the right, the constant pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 connects with the one-way unloading valve outlet 9068, and flows out from the one-way unloading valve outlet 9068 into the circular blasting combined nozzle tube; the hydrogen at the pressure reducing valve outlet 9047 has not been reduced to the target pressure, that is, there is high pressure hydrogen. After the high pressure hydrogen enters the damping orifice 9062 through the one-way unloading valve inlet 9063, the pressure on the first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve is greater than the force of the first spring 9061 of the one-way unloading valve. The first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve moves upward, and the damping orifice 9062 is no longer connected to the constant pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065;The one-way unloading valve inlet 9063, unloading channel 907, and unloading channel one-way valve inlet 9051 are connected. The pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen in the unloading channel one-way valve inlet 9051 overcomes the force of the unloading channel one-way valve spring 9053, causing the unloading channel one-way valve core 9052 to move upward. The unloading channel one-way valve inlet 9051 is connected to the unloading channel one-way valve outlet 9054. After entering the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902, it mixes with the hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901 and then re-enters the pressure reducing valve 904 through the pressure reducing valve inlet 9041 for further reduction. The pressure is increased until the outlet of the pressure reducing valve 9047 reaches the target pressure. At this point, the damping orifice 9062 no longer contains high-pressure hydrogen. The pressure of the first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve is less than the force of the first spring 9061 of the one-way unloading valve. The first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve moves downward and returns to its original position. The hydrogen that has reached the target pressure enters the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 through the damping orifice 9062. The above-mentioned automatic unloading and cycle of pressure reduction until the target pressure is reached is extremely rapid and will not affect the operating state of the fuel cell reactor 6.

[0049] The diversion flow control valve 919 includes five sets of completely corresponding adjustment units. Each adjustment unit includes three channels, a valve core, a spring, and an electromagnet. The five adjustment units correspond to the starting, acceleration, steady state, deceleration, and idling conditions, respectively. It also includes a control valve PID controller 91931, a control valve H-bridge circuit module 91932, and a mode selector 91933. One end of the spring is fixed to the left side of the diversion flow control valve 919, and the other end is connected to the valve core. The valve core is made of pure iron and has excellent magnetic permeability. The electromagnet is fixed to the right side of the diversion flow control valve 919 and is arranged perpendicularly and symmetrically with the spring. The spring includes a deceleration spring 91901, a steady state spring 91907, an idling spring 91913, a starting spring 91919, and an acceleration spring 91925. The valve core includes a deceleration valve core 91902, a steady state spring 91907, an idling spring 91913, a starting spring 91919, and an acceleration spring 91925. Valve core 91908, idle speed valve core 91914, start valve core 91920, and acceleration valve core 91926; the channels include deceleration valve core channel 91903, first deceleration channel 91905, second deceleration channel 91906, steady-state valve core channel 91909, first steady-state channel 91911, second steady-state channel 91912, idle speed valve core channel 91915, first idle speed channel 91917, second idle speed channel 91918, start valve core channel 91921, first start channel 91923, second start channel 91924, acceleration valve core channel 91927, first acceleration channel 91929, and second acceleration channel 91930; the electromagnets include deceleration electromagnet 91904, steady-state electromagnet 91910, idle speed electromagnet 91916, start electromagnet 91922, and acceleration electromagnet 91928.

[0050] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the control valve H-bridge circuit module 91932 has five mode switches, including a start-up mode switch, an acceleration mode switch, a steady-state mode switch, a deceleration mode switch, and an idle mode switch. The control valve PID controller 91931 can output five different signals, each signal corresponding to one mode switch of the control valve H-bridge circuit module 91932, allowing the control valve H-bridge circuit module 91932 to independently control the current magnitude and direction of the corresponding mode electromagnet. The control valve PID controller 91931 outputs only one signal at a time, ensuring that only one mode electromagnet current magnitude and direction are adjusted each time. The mode selector 91933 selects the corresponding signal according to the requirements of the fuel cell reactor 6 and transmits it to the control valve PID controller 91931. The control valve PID controller 91931 then adjusts the signal according to the corresponding mode. The required displacement of the corresponding valve core (including start-up, acceleration, steady state, deceleration, and idle modes) is proportional to the spring force of the corresponding mode. The spring force of the corresponding mode is calculated. The spring force of the corresponding mode, the electromagnetic force of the corresponding mode electromagnet, and the resultant force of the hydrogen pressure reach a dynamic equilibrium relationship. The electromagnetic force of the corresponding mode electromagnet is calculated. The electromagnetic force of the corresponding mode electromagnet is proportional to the current. Then, the target current of the corresponding mode electromagnet is calculated. Thus, the output signal of the PID controller 91931 of the control valve causes the H-bridge circuit module 91932 of the control valve to adjust the magnitude and direction of the current of the corresponding mode electromagnet, so that the corresponding mode electromagnet generates an electromagnetic force to the left. The corresponding mode electromagnet attracts the corresponding mode valve core, overcomes the force of the corresponding mode spring, and moves to the right by a corresponding displacement, so that the corresponding mode channel is connected to the stable hydrogen storage chamber 920.

[0051] refer to Figure 3As shown, during the process of the fuel cell reactor 6 from a static state to starting operation, a stable electrochemical reaction needs to be established quickly. When the fuel cell reactor 6 is in start-up mode, it requires the hydrogen flow rate demand of start-up mode. At this time, the integrated valve injector 9 is in start-up mode. The mode selector 91933 selects the signal transmission of the start-up mode to the control valve PID controller 91931. The control valve PID controller 91931 outputs a signal to cause the control valve H-bridge circuit module 91932 to adjust the magnitude and direction of the current of the start-up electromagnet 91922, causing the start-up electromagnet 91922 to generate a leftward electromagnetic force. The start-up electromagnet 91922 attracts the start-up valve core 91920, overcoming the force of the start-up spring 91919 and moving it to the right by a corresponding displacement, thus connecting the diffuser chamber 918, the first start-up channel 91923, the start-up valve core channel 91921, the second start-up channel 91924, and the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920. At this time, the high... Pressurized hydrogen is released from the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17 through the outlet combination valve 18 of the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder. It then flows sequentially through the high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902 into the pressure regulating combination valve. The pressure regulating combination valve reduces the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen to the target pressure and injects the hydrogen in a high-speed, low-pressure manner through the circular-jet combined nozzle tube. At the same time, the unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell reactor 6 passes through the gas-water separator 8 to remove impurities and moisture. It then enters the circulating hydrogen storage chamber through the circulating hydrogen inlet. The circular-jet combined nozzle tube injects hydrogen in a high-speed, low-pressure manner, entraining the entrained hydrogen in the circulating hydrogen storage chamber into the mixing chamber 917 for thorough mixing. The hydrogen then flows sequentially through the diffuser chamber 918, the first start channel 91923, the start valve core channel 91921, the second start channel 91924, the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920, the outlet 921, and the circulating loop filter 7 into the fuel cell reactor 6 for reaction, meeting the flow requirements of the fuel cell reactor 6 in the start-up mode.

[0052] refer to Figure 4As shown, when the load on the fuel cell reactor 6 increases, it needs to rapidly increase its output power. The fuel cell reactor 6 is in acceleration mode, requiring a hydrogen flow rate under acceleration mode. At this time, the integrated valve injector 9 is in acceleration mode. The mode selector 91933 selects the acceleration mode signal and transmits it to the control valve PID controller 91931. The control valve PID controller 91931 outputs a signal to the control valve H-bridge circuit module 91932, which adjusts the current magnitude and direction of the acceleration electromagnet 91928. This causes the acceleration electromagnet 91928 to generate a leftward electromagnetic force. The acceleration electromagnet 91928 attracts the acceleration valve core 91926, overcoming the force of the acceleration spring 91925 and moving it to the right by a corresponding displacement. This connects the diffuser chamber 918, the first acceleration channel 91929, the acceleration valve core channel 91927, the second acceleration channel 91930, and the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920. At this time, high-pressure hydrogen flows through the gas... The hydrogen from the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17 is released from the outlet combination valve 18 and flows out sequentially through the high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902 into the pressure regulating combination valve. The pressure regulating combination valve reduces the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen to the target pressure and then injects hydrogen at high speed and low pressure through the circular-jet combined nozzle tube. At the same time, the unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell reactor 6 passes through the gas-water separator 8 to remove impurities and moisture, and enters the circulating hydrogen storage chamber through the circulating hydrogen inlet. The circular-jet combined nozzle tube injects hydrogen at high speed and low pressure, entraining the entrained hydrogen in the circulating hydrogen storage chamber into the mixing chamber 917 for thorough mixing. The hydrogen then flows sequentially through the diffuser chamber 918, the first acceleration channel 91929, the acceleration valve core channel 91927, the second acceleration channel 91930, the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920, the outlet 921, and the circulating loop filter 7 into the fuel cell reactor 6 for reaction, meeting the flow requirements of the fuel cell reactor 6 in acceleration mode.

[0053] refer to Figure 5As shown, the fuel cell reactor 6 operates continuously under a stable load. In steady-state mode, the fuel cell reactor 6 requires a steady-state hydrogen flow rate. At this time, the integrated valve injector 9 is in steady-state mode. The mode selector 91933 selects the steady-state mode signal and transmits it to the control valve PID controller 91931. The control valve PID controller 91931 outputs a signal to the control valve H-bridge circuit module 91932, which adjusts the magnitude and direction of the current in the steady-state electromagnet 91910. This causes the steady-state electromagnet 91910 to generate a leftward electromagnetic force. The steady-state electromagnet 91910 attracts the steady-state valve core 91908, overcoming the force of the steady-state spring 91907 and moving it to the right by a corresponding displacement. This connects the diffuser chamber 918, the first steady-state channel 91911, the steady-state valve core channel 91909, the second steady-state channel 91912, and the stable hydrogen storage chamber 920. At this time, high-pressure hydrogen passes through the gaseous hydrogen... Hydrogen from the gaseous hydrogen storage tank 17 is released from the outlet combination valve 18 and flows out sequentially through the high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902 into the pressure regulating combination valve. The pressure regulating combination valve reduces the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen to the target pressure and then injects hydrogen at high speed and low pressure through the circular-jet combined nozzle tube. At the same time, unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell reactor 6 passes through the gas-water separator 8 to remove impurities and moisture, and enters the circulating hydrogen storage chamber through the circulating hydrogen inlet. The circular-jet combined nozzle tube injects hydrogen at high speed and low pressure, entraining the entrained hydrogen in the circulating hydrogen storage chamber into the mixing chamber 917 for thorough mixing. Then, the hydrogen flows sequentially through the diffuser chamber 918, the first steady-state channel 91911, the steady-state valve core channel 91909, the second steady-state channel 91912, the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920, the outlet 921, and the circulating loop filter 7 into the fuel cell reactor 6 for reaction, meeting the flow requirements of the fuel cell reactor 6 in steady-state mode.

[0054] refer to Figure 6As shown, when the load on the fuel cell reactor 6 decreases, the output power needs to be reduced. The fuel cell reactor 6 is in deceleration mode, requiring a hydrogen flow rate under deceleration conditions. At this time, the integrated valve injector 9 is in deceleration mode. The mode selector 91933 selects the signal for deceleration mode and transmits it to the control valve PID controller 91931. The control valve PID controller 91931 outputs a signal to the control valve H-bridge circuit module 91932, which adjusts the current magnitude and direction of the deceleration electromagnet 91904. This causes the deceleration electromagnet 91904 to generate a leftward electromagnetic force. The deceleration electromagnet 91904 attracts the deceleration valve core 91902, overcoming the force of the deceleration spring 91901 and moving it to the right by a corresponding displacement. This connects the diffuser chamber 918, the first deceleration channel 91905, the deceleration valve core channel 91903, the second deceleration channel 91906, and the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920. At this time, high-pressure hydrogen passes through the gaseous... Hydrogen storage cylinder outlet combination valve 18 releases hydrogen from gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17, which then flows sequentially through high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901 and high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902 into pressure regulating combination valve. Pressure regulating combination valve reduces the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen to the target pressure, and then injects hydrogen at high speed and low pressure through round-jet combined nozzle tube. At the same time, unreacted hydrogen in fuel cell reactor 6 passes through gas-water separator 8 to remove impurities and moisture, and enters circulating hydrogen storage chamber through circulating hydrogen inlet. Circulating hydrogen is injected at high speed and low pressure through round-jet combined nozzle tube to draw in the entrained hydrogen in the circulating hydrogen storage chamber and mix it thoroughly in mixing chamber 917. Then, it flows sequentially through diffuser chamber 918, first deceleration channel 91905, deceleration valve core channel 91903, second deceleration channel 91906, stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920, outlet 921, and circulating loop filter 7 into fuel cell reactor 6 for reaction, meeting the flow requirements of fuel cell reactor 6 in deceleration mode.

[0055] refer to Figure 7As shown, the fuel cell reactor 6 operates under low load or no load conditions. In idle mode, the fuel cell reactor 6 requires hydrogen flow during idle. At this time, the integrated valve injector 9 is in idle mode. The mode selector 91933 selects the idle mode signal and transmits it to the control valve PID controller 91931. The control valve PID controller 91931 outputs a signal to the control valve H-bridge circuit module 91932, which adjusts the current magnitude and direction of the idle electromagnet. This causes the idle electromagnet 91916 to generate a leftward electromagnetic force. The idle electromagnet 91916 attracts the idle valve core 91914, overcoming the force of the idle spring 91913 and moving it to the right by a corresponding displacement. This connects the diffuser chamber 918, the first idle channel 91917, the idle valve core channel 91915, the second idle channel 91918, and the stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920. At this time, high-pressure hydrogen passes through the gaseous hydrogen storage chamber. Hydrogen cylinder outlet combination valve 18 releases hydrogen from gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17, which then flows sequentially through high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901 and high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902 into pressure regulating combination valve. Pressure regulating combination valve reduces the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen to the target pressure, and then injects hydrogen at high speed and low pressure through round-jet combined nozzle tube. At the same time, unreacted hydrogen in fuel cell reactor 6 passes through gas-water separator 8 to remove impurities and moisture, and enters circulating hydrogen storage chamber through circulating hydrogen inlet. Circulating hydrogen is injected at high speed and low pressure through round-jet combined nozzle tube to draw in entrained hydrogen from circulating hydrogen storage chamber into mixing chamber 917 for thorough mixing. Then, hydrogen flows sequentially through diffuser chamber 918, idle first channel 91917, idle valve core channel 91915, idle second channel 91918, stabilizing hydrogen storage chamber 920, outlet 921, and circulating loop filter 7 into fuel cell reactor 6 for reaction, meeting the flow requirements of fuel cell reactor 6 in idle mode.

[0056] refer to Figure 8As shown, in the unloading cycle pressure reduction mode, the hydrogen gas at the outlet 9047 of the pressure reducing valve is not reduced to the target pressure, i.e., high-pressure hydrogen gas exists. After the high-pressure hydrogen gas enters the damping orifice 9062 through the inlet 9063 of the one-way unloading valve, the pressure on the first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve is greater than the force of the first spring 9061 of the one-way unloading valve. The first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve moves upward, and the damping orifice 9062 is no longer connected to the constant pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065. The inlet 9063 of the one-way unloading valve, the unloading channel 907, and the inlet 9051 of the one-way valve in the unloading channel are connected. The pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen gas in the inlet 9051 of the one-way valve in the unloading channel overcomes the force of the spring 9053 of the one-way valve in the unloading channel, causing the valve core 9052 of the one-way valve in the unloading channel to move upward. The inlet 9051 of the one-way valve in the unloading channel is connected to the one-way valve inlet of the unloading channel. The outlet 9054 of the valve is connected, and after entering the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902, it mixes with the hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901 and then re-enters the pressure reducing valve 904 through the pressure reducing valve inlet 9041 for pressure reduction until the pressure reducing valve outlet 9047 reaches the target pressure. At this time, the damping orifice 9062 no longer contains high-pressure hydrogen, and the pressure of the first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve is less than the force of the first spring 9061 of the one-way unloading valve. The first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve moves downward and returns to its original position. The hydrogen that has reached the target pressure enters the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065. The pressure of the hydrogen in the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 overcomes the force of the second spring 9067 of the one-way unloading valve, causing the second valve core 9066 of the one-way unloading valve to move to the right. The constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 is connected to the outlet 9068 of the one-way unloading valve. In particular, the process of automatically unloading and cyclically depressurizing until the target pressure is reached is extremely rapid and will not affect the operating status of the fuel cell reactor 6.

[0057] refer to Figure 9 As shown, the liquid hydrogen supply and circulation system includes a liquid hydrogen refueling pipeline, a vaporization pipeline, a liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline, and a circulation loop. The liquid hydrogen refueling pipeline is used to fill the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder 5 with liquid hydrogen. The liquid hydrogen refueling pipeline includes a liquid hydrogen refueling port 1, a refueling pipeline check valve 2, a refueling pipeline filter 3, a liquid hydrogen storage cylinder port combination valve 4, and a liquid hydrogen storage cylinder 5. One end of the refueling pipeline is connected to the liquid hydrogen refueling port 1, and the other end is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder 5 through the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder port combination valve 4. When liquid hydrogen needs to be added, the liquid hydrogen refueling station... The hydrogen refueling nozzle is connected to the liquid hydrogen refueling port 1. Liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank 5 via the hydrogen refueling pipeline check valve 2, the hydrogen refueling pipeline filter 3, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank port combination valve 4. The hydrogen refueling pipeline check valve 2 prevents liquid hydrogen backflow. The hydrogen refueling pipeline filter 3 is used to filter other impurities in the liquid hydrogen. The liquid hydrogen storage tank port combination valve 4 is used to control the entry of liquid hydrogen into the liquid hydrogen storage tank 5 and to release liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 5 into the vaporization pipeline when the fuel cell reactor 6 is in operation. The liquid hydrogen storage tank 5 is used to temporarily store liquid hydrogen.

[0058] The vaporization pipeline is used to vaporize liquid hydrogen into gaseous hydrogen to meet the usage requirements of fuel cell reactor 6. The vaporization pipeline includes a liquid hydrogen pump 10, a vaporization pipeline check valve 11, a vaporization pipeline filter 12, an ambient temperature vaporizer 14, a water bath vaporizer 15, a gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder inlet combination valve 16, a gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17, and a gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder outlet combination valve 18. One end of the vaporization pipeline is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder 5 via a liquid hydrogen storage cylinder inlet combination valve 4, and the other end is connected to the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17 via the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder inlet combination valve 16. The liquid hydrogen pump 10 is used for pressurizing and transporting liquid hydrogen, enabling the liquid hydrogen to be stably released from the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder 5 into the vaporization pipeline, satisfying the requirements of the fuel cell reactor 6. The system meets subsequent usage requirements; the one-way valve 11 in the vaporization pipeline prevents backflow of liquid hydrogen to avoid damaging the pipeline; the vaporization pipeline filter 12 is used to further filter other impurities in the liquid hydrogen; the ambient temperature vaporizer 14 is used for initial heating of liquid hydrogen to begin vaporization into hydrogen gas; the water bath vaporizer 15 is used to completely vaporize the hydrogen gas vaporized by the ambient temperature vaporizer 14 and the incompletely vaporized liquid hydrogen, ensuring that the liquid hydrogen is completely converted into gaseous hydrogen; the inlet combination valve 16 of the gaseous hydrogen storage bottle is used to control the entry of gaseous hydrogen into the gaseous hydrogen storage bottle 17; the gaseous hydrogen storage bottle 17 is used to temporarily store gaseous hydrogen; the outlet combination valve 18 of the gaseous hydrogen storage bottle is used to release the gaseous hydrogen in the gaseous hydrogen storage bottle 17 into the integrated valve injector 9.

[0059] The liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline is used to circulate unvaporized liquid hydrogen back to the vaporization pipeline for revaporization before it enters the gaseous hydrogen storage tank 17. One end of the liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline is connected to the water bath vaporizer 15, and the other end is connected to the liquid hydrogen pump 10. A one-way valve 13 is provided on the liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline to prevent backflow of liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 5. The integrated valve injector 9 is installed in the circulation loop, which is used to absorb unreacted hydrogen at the anode of the fuel cell reactor 6. The circulation loop includes the fuel cell reactor 6, the gas-liquid separator 8, the integrated valve injector 9, and the circulation loop filter 7. The gas-liquid separator 8 is used to effectively remove hydrogen from the anode of the fuel cell reactor 6. Impurities and moisture in the unreacted hydrogen are removed to ensure the purity and cleanliness of the hydrogen. The circulation loop filter 7 is used to purify the hydrogen coming out of the integrated valve injector 9. One end of the circulation loop is connected to the integrated valve injector 9. Hydrogen of appropriate flow rate and pressure flows out from the outlet 921 of the integrated valve injector 9, enters the anode of the fuel cell reactor 6 through the circulation loop filter 7 for reaction, and the unreacted hydrogen at the anode enters the integrated valve injector 9 through the gas-water separator 8 and the hydrogen coming out of the gaseous hydrogen storage tank 17 for mixing. It then enters the anode of the fuel cell reactor 6 through the circulation loop filter 7 for reaction. The other end of the circulation loop is also connected to the integrated valve injector 9 to form a closed-loop circulation loop.

[0060] The working principle of this invention is briefly described below:

[0061] like Figures 1-9 As shown, when liquid hydrogen needs to be added, the fuel cell reactor 6 is in shutdown mode. The liquid hydrogen refueling gun of the liquid hydrogen refueling station is connected to the liquid hydrogen refueling port 1. Liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank 5 through the hydrogen refueling pipeline check valve 2, the hydrogen refueling pipeline filter 3, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank port combination valve 4. When the fuel cell reactor 6 is in working mode, the liquid hydrogen pump 10 pressurizes the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 5 and delivers it to the vaporization pipeline. The liquid hydrogen then enters the ambient air vaporizer 14 through the vaporization pipeline check valve 11 and the vaporization pipeline filter 12. The liquid hydrogen is vaporized through the ambient air vaporizer 14 and the water bath vaporizer 15. The vaporized high-pressure hydrogen enters the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17 via the inlet combination valve 16. Specifically, if liquid hydrogen is present before entering the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17, the liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline recirculates the unvaporized liquid hydrogen back to the vaporization pipeline, mixes it with the liquid hydrogen from the liquid hydrogen storage cylinder 5, and then vaporizes it again, entering the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17 via the inlet combination valve 16. The high-pressure hydrogen is released from the gaseous hydrogen storage cylinder 17 via the outlet combination valve 18, and flows out sequentially through the high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901, the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902, and the pressure reducing valve inlet 9041. Inside the pressure relief valve 904, the high-pressure hydrogen is reduced in pressure. Hydrogen reaching the target pressure flows out from the pressure relief valve outlet 9047 and enters the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 via the one-way unloading valve inlet 9063 and damping orifice 9062. The pressure of the hydrogen in the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 overcomes the force of the second spring 9067 of the one-way unloading valve, causing the second valve core 9066 of the one-way unloading valve to move to the right. The constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065 then connects to the one-way unloading valve outlet 9068, and hydrogen is injected at high speed and low pressure through the circular-jet combined nozzle tube. Simultaneously, unreacted hydrogen from the fuel cell reactor 6 is... Impurities and moisture are removed by the gas-water separator 8. The hydrogen enters the circulating hydrogen storage chamber through the circulating hydrogen inlet. The hydrogen is then injected at high speed and low pressure using a circular jet nozzle tube, which draws in the hydrogen from the circulating hydrogen storage chamber and mixes it thoroughly before entering the diffuser chamber 918. The flow control valve 919 adjusts the hydrogen flow according to one of the five modes of the fuel cell reactor 6: start-up, acceleration, steady state, deceleration, and idling. Finally, the hydrogen enters the fuel cell reactor 6 through the stabilization hydrogen storage chamber 920, the outlet 921, and the circulating loop filter 7 for reaction.

[0062] Specifically, when the fuel cell reactor 6 is in operating mode, high-pressure hydrogen is present at the outlet 9047 of the pressure reducing valve. After the high-pressure hydrogen enters the damping orifice 9062 through the inlet 9063 of the one-way unloading valve, the pressure on the first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve exceeds the force of the first spring 9061 of the one-way unloading valve. The first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve moves upward, and the damping orifice 9062 is no longer connected to the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065. The inlet 9063 of the one-way unloading valve, the unloading channel 907, and the inlet 9051 of the one-way valve in the unloading channel are connected. The pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen in the inlet 9051 of the one-way valve in the unloading channel overcomes the force of the spring 9053 of the one-way valve in the unloading channel, causing the hydrogen to dissipate. The loading channel check valve core 9052 moves upward, connecting the unloading channel check valve inlet 9051 and outlet 9054. After entering the high-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 902, it mixes with hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen inlet 901 and then re-enters the pressure reducing valve 904 through the pressure reducing valve inlet 9041 for pressure reduction until the pressure reducing valve outlet 9047 reaches the target pressure. At this point, the damping orifice 9062 no longer contains high-pressure hydrogen, and the pressure of the first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve is less than the force of the first spring 9061. The first valve core 9064 of the one-way unloading valve moves downward, returning to its original position, and the hydrogen at the target pressure enters the constant-pressure hydrogen storage chamber 9065. The process of automatically unloading and cyclically reducing pressure until the target pressure is reached is extremely rapid and will not affect the operating state of the fuel cell reactor 6.

[0063] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated valve-ejector for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, characterized in that: the valve-ejector is applied to a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system, which comprises a liquid hydrogen supply port (1), a hydrogen supply pipeline one-way valve (2), a hydrogen supply pipeline filter (3), a liquid hydrogen storage bottle port combination valve (4), a liquid hydrogen storage bottle (5), a fuel cell reactor (6), a circulation loop filter (7), a water separator (8), and an integrated valve-ejector (9); the liquid hydrogen supply port (1), the hydrogen supply pipeline one-way valve (2), the hydrogen supply pipeline filter (3), and the liquid hydrogen storage bottle port combination valve (4) are sequentially connected to the liquid hydrogen storage bottle (5); the liquid hydrogen storage bottle (5) is in communication with the fuel cell reactor (6) through the integrated valve-ejector (9); the integrated valve-ejector (9) comprises a shell portion (903) in which a pressure relief valve (904), an unloading passage one-way valve (905), a one-way unloading valve (906), an unloading passage (907), an ejector portion, and a split-flow control valve (919) are integrally arranged, forming an integrated structure as a whole; the shell portion (903) is provided with an ejector structure for mixing high-pressure hydrogen gas and circulating hydrogen gas, which comprises, in sequence, a high-pressure hydrogen gas inlet (901), a high-pressure hydrogen gas storage cavity (902), a nozzle pipe inlet (908), a circular cone nozzle pipe (909), a first nozzle (914), a parabolic nozzle pipe (915), a second nozzle (916), a mixing cavity (917), a diffuser cavity (918), a stable hydrogen gas storage cavity (920), and a gas outlet (921); a first circulating hydrogen gas inlet (910) and a second circulating hydrogen gas inlet (911) are arranged at a middle position of the shell portion (903), and a first circulating hydrogen gas storage cavity (913) and a second circulating hydrogen gas storage cavity (912) are arranged correspondingly, for introducing circulating hydrogen gas from the fuel cell reactor (6); the unloading passage one-way valve (905) comprises an unloading passage one-way valve inlet (9051), an unloading passage one-way valve spool (9052), an unloading passage one-way valve spring (9053), and an unloading passage one-way valve outlet (9054); the unloading passage one-way valve inlet (9051) is in communication with the high-pressure hydrogen gas storage cavity (902), and the unloading passage one-way valve outlet (9054) is in communication with the unloading passage (907); the unloading passage one-way valve spool (9052) is arranged between the unloading passage one-way valve inlet (9051) and the unloading passage one-way valve outlet (9054), and the unloading passage one-way valve spring (9053) is arranged at one end of the unloading passage one-way valve spool (9052); the split-flow control valve (919) is arranged between the diffuser cavity (918) and the stable hydrogen gas storage cavity (920) and is switched by cooperation of different valve spools and passages, so as to realize communication of different passages.

2. The integrated valve-jet for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system according to claim 1, characterized by: The high-pressure hydrogen storage cavity (902), the first circulating hydrogen storage cavity (913), the second circulating hydrogen storage cavity (912), the mixing cavity (917), the diffuser cavity (918), and the stable hydrogen storage cavity (920) are all cavities capable of containing hydrogen; the high-pressure hydrogen storage cavity (902) is arranged at the side of the high-pressure hydrogen inlet (901), the diffuser cavity (918) and the stable hydrogen storage cavity (920) are communicated through the shunt flow control valve (919), the stable hydrogen storage cavity (920) is arranged before the outlet (921); the first circulating hydrogen storage cavity (913) is arranged at the opposite upper part of the first circulating hydrogen inlet (910), and the second circulating hydrogen storage cavity (912) is arranged at the opposite lower part of the second circulating hydrogen inlet (911); the spatial arrangement of the first circulating hydrogen storage cavity (913) and the second circulating hydrogen storage cavity (912) facilitates the introduction and mixing of circulating hydrogen.

3. The integrated valve-jet for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system according to claim 1, characterized by: The nozzle pipe inlet (908), the circular cone nozzle pipe (909), the first nozzle (914), the parabolic nozzle pipe (915), and the second nozzle (916) are sequentially connected to form a circular-throw combined nozzle pipe, and the circular-throw combined nozzle pipe is designed in combination of a circular cone shape and a parabolic shape.

4. The integrated valve-jet for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system according to claim 1, wherein: The pressure reducing valve (904) comprises a pressure reducing valve inlet (9041), a pressure reducing valve spool (9042), a pressure reducing valve spring (9043), a pressure reducing valve PID controller (9044), a pressure reducing valve H-bridge circuit module (9045), a pressure reducing valve electromagnet (9046), and a pressure reducing valve outlet (9047); the pressure reducing valve spool (9042) is made of pure iron to improve the electromagnetic response sensitivity and the pressure reducing control accuracy.

5. The integrated valve-jet for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system according to claim 1, characterized by: The one-way unloading valve (906) comprises a one-way unloading valve first spring (9061), a damping hole (9062), a one-way unloading valve inlet (9063), a one-way unloading valve first spool (9064), a constant-pressure hydrogen storage cavity (9065), a one-way unloading valve second spool (9066), a one-way unloading valve second spring (9067), and a one-way unloading valve outlet (9068). The one-way unloading valve first spring (9061), the one-way unloading valve first spool (9064), the one-way unloading valve second spring (9067), and the one-way unloading valve second spool (9066) are arranged perpendicularly to each other; the one-way unloading valve outlet (9068), the nozzle pipe inlet (908), the first nozzle (914), the second nozzle (916), the mixing cavity (917), and the diffuser cavity (918) are sequentially communicated.

6. An integrated valve-jet for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shunt flow control valve (919) includes five groups of adjusting units, each of which includes three passages, a valve core, a spring and an electromagnet, and cooperates with a control valve PID controller (91931), a control valve H-bridge circuit module (91932) and a mode selector (91933) to realize mode switching control; one end of the spring is fixed to the left side of the shunt flow control valve (919), and the other end is connected with the valve core; the spring includes a deceleration spring (91901), a steady-state spring (91907), an idle speed spring (91913), a starting spring (91919) and an acceleration spring (91925); the valve core includes a deceleration valve core (91902), a steady-state valve core (91908), an idle speed valve core (91914), a starting valve core (91920) and an acceleration valve core (91926); the passages include a deceleration valve core passage (91903), a deceleration first passage (91905), a deceleration second passage (91906), a steady-state valve core passage (91909), a steady-state first passage (91911), a steady-state second passage (91912), an idle speed valve core passage (91915), an idle speed first passage (91917), an idle speed second passage (91918), a starting valve core passage (91921), a starting first passage (91923), a starting second passage (91924), an acceleration valve core passage (91927), an acceleration first passage (91929) and an acceleration second passage (91930); the electromagnet is fixed to the right side of the shunt flow control valve (919) and is vertically and symmetrically arranged with the spring; the electromagnet includes a deceleration electromagnet (91904), a steady-state electromagnet (91910), an idle speed electromagnet (91916), a starting electromagnet (91922) and an acceleration electromagnet (91928); the control valve H-bridge circuit module (91932) is provided with a starting mode switch, an acceleration mode switch, a steady-state mode switch, a deceleration mode switch and an idle speed mode switch; the control valve PID controller (91931) is correspondingly provided with five output ports and is connected with the control valve H-bridge circuit module (91932).

7. The integrated valve-jet for a liquid hydrogen supply circulation system according to claim 1, wherein: The liquid hydrogen hydrogenation circulation system includes a liquid hydrogen hydrogenation pipeline, a vaporization pipeline, a liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline and a circulation loop.

8. An integrated valve-jet for a liquid hydrogen supply cycle system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid hydrogen hydrogenation pipeline is composed of a liquid hydrogen hydrogenation port (1), a hydrogenation pipeline one-way valve (2), a hydrogenation pipeline filter (3) and a liquid hydrogen storage bottle port combination valve (4); the vaporization pipeline is composed of a liquid hydrogen pump (10), a vaporization pipeline one-way valve (11), a vaporization pipeline filter (12), an air temperature type vaporizer (14), a water bath type vaporizer (15), a gaseous hydrogen storage bottle inlet combination valve (16), a gaseous hydrogen storage bottle (17) and a gaseous hydrogen storage bottle outlet combination valve (18); and the liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline is composed of a liquid hydrogen circulation pipeline one-way valve (13) and a connecting pipeline between the water bath type vaporizer (15) and the liquid hydrogen pump (10).

9. The integrated valve-ejector for a liquid hydrogen supply cycle system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The mode structure of the integrated valve-ejector (9) includes a stop mode and a working mode; the working mode includes a start mode, an acceleration mode, a steady mode, a deceleration mode, an idle mode and an unloading cycle decompression mode; In the stop mode, the decompression valve (904) and the shunt flow control valve (919) are in a closed state, and the high-pressure hydrogen gas inlet (901) is not communicated with the outlet (921); In the start mode, the shunt flow control valve (919) is provided with a start electromagnet (91922), a start valve core (91920), a start spring (91919), a start valve core channel (91921), a start first channel (91923) and a start second channel (91924); when the start electromagnet (91922) adsorbs the start valve core (91920) and moves rightward by a corresponding displacement by overcoming the force of the start spring (91919), the pressure expansion cavity (918), the start first channel (91923), the start valve core channel (91921), the start second channel (91924) and the steady hydrogen gas storage cavity (920) are sequentially communicated; In the acceleration mode, the shunt flow control valve (919) is provided with an acceleration electromagnet (91928), an acceleration valve core (91926), an acceleration spring (91925), an acceleration valve core channel (91927), an acceleration first channel (91929) and an acceleration second channel (91930); when the acceleration electromagnet (91928) adsorbs the acceleration valve core (91926) and moves rightward by a corresponding displacement by overcoming the force of the acceleration spring (91925), the pressure expansion cavity (918), the acceleration first channel (91929), the acceleration valve core channel (91927), the acceleration second channel (91930) and the steady hydrogen gas storage cavity (920) are sequentially communicated; In the steady mode, the shunt flow control valve (919) is provided with a steady electromagnet (91910), a steady valve core (91908), a steady spring (91907), a steady valve core channel (91909), a steady first channel (91911) and a steady second channel (91912); when the steady electromagnet (91910) adsorbs the steady valve core (91908) and moves rightward by a corresponding displacement by overcoming the force of the steady spring (91907), the pressure expansion cavity (918), the steady first channel (91911), the steady valve core channel (91909), the steady second channel (91912) and the steady hydrogen gas storage cavity (920) are sequentially communicated; In the deceleration mode, the shunt flow control valve (919) is provided with a deceleration electromagnet (91904), a deceleration valve core (91902), a deceleration spring (91901), a deceleration valve core channel (91903), a deceleration first channel (91905), and a deceleration second channel (91906). When the deceleration electromagnet (91904) adsorbs the deceleration valve core (91902) and moves right by a corresponding displacement by overcoming the force of the deceleration spring (91901), the pressure expansion cavity (918), the deceleration first channel (91905), the deceleration valve core channel (91903), the deceleration second channel (91906), and the stable balance hydrogen storage cavity (920) are sequentially communicated. In the idle mode, the shunt flow control valve (919) is provided with an idle electromagnet (91916), an idle valve core (91914), an idle spring (91913), an idle valve core channel (91915), an idle first channel (91917), and an idle second channel (91918). When the idle electromagnet (91916) adsorbs the idle valve core (91914) and moves right by a corresponding displacement by overcoming the force of the idle spring (91913), the pressure expansion cavity (918), the idle first channel (91917), the idle valve core channel (91915), the idle second channel (91918), and the stable balance hydrogen storage cavity (920) are sequentially communicated. In the unloading cycle decompression mode, the decompression valve outlet (9047) has high-pressure hydrogen gas. The high-pressure hydrogen gas enters the damping hole (9062) through the one-way unloading valve inlet (9063), so that the pressure on the one-way unloading valve first valve core (9064) is greater than the force of the one-way unloading valve first spring (9061), the one-way unloading valve first valve core (9064) moves upward, and the damping hole (9062) is not communicated with the constant-pressure hydrogen storage cavity (9065). The one-way unloading valve inlet (9063), the unloading channel (907), and the unloading channel one-way valve inlet (9051) are communicated. The pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen gas in the unloading channel one-way valve inlet (9051) overcomes the force of the unloading channel one-way valve spring (9053), so that the unloading channel one-way valve core (9052) moves upward. The unloading channel one-way valve inlet (9051) is communicated with the unloading channel one-way valve outlet (9054), enters the high-pressure hydrogen storage cavity (902), mixes with the hydrogen gas from the high-pressure hydrogen gas inlet (901), enters the decompression valve (904) again through the decompression valve inlet (9041), and is decompressed. The process is repeated until the decompression valve outlet (9047) reaches the target pressure. At this time, the damping hole (9062) no longer contains high-pressure hydrogen gas, the pressure on the one-way unloading valve first valve core (9064) is less than the force of the one-way unloading valve first spring (9061), the one-way unloading valve first valve core (9064) moves downward, and returns to the original position. The hydrogen gas reaching the target pressure enters the constant-pressure hydrogen storage cavity (9065).

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