Reversible non-clogging crusher

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing, in particular to a reversible non-clogging crusher. Adjustable impact plates are arranged on the two sides in the machine shell, a crushing cavity is formed between the impact plates on the two sides, a beating assembly is arranged in the crushing cavity, inclined planes are arranged on the two sides of the bottom of the crushing cavity, three stages of gas injection systems are distributed in the circumferential direction of the crushing cavity, and a bottom annular nozzle array is annularly arranged along the inclined planes of the bottom of the crushing cavity. And the side wall spiral nozzle group is spirally distributed along the wall of the cavity, the pressure of each layer of nozzle is gradually reduced from bottom to top in a gradient manner to form rotational flow to strip the adhered material, the feeding hole pulse nozzle group is integrated with a heating element and a surfactant atomization device, and the viscosity of the material is reduced through heating and surfactant atomization. Through airflow scouring and intelligent control, the wet and sticky material treatment efficiency is remarkably improved, the maintenance frequency is reduced, and the upgrade from passive blockage clearing to active prevention is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crushing technology, and more specifically, to a reversible, non-clogging crusher. Background Technology

[0002] Hammer crushers are widely used in mining, metallurgy, building materials, and chemical industries, primarily for medium and fine crushing of various materials of moderate hardness. Traditional hammer crushers typically have grates (also called screens or grids) at the bottom or sides of the crushing chamber to control the particle size of the discharged material. However, these grates are prone to clogging when handling wet and sticky materials and wear out quickly, increasing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0003] In recent years, to overcome these problems, barless hammer crushers have gradually gained popularity. This design eliminates the fixed grate bars, allowing the crushed material to be discharged directly from the bottom of the crushing chamber, reducing maintenance issues caused by the grate bars and improving the ability to process wet and sticky materials.

[0004] Although the grate-less design simplifies the structure and reduces the risk of clogging, material adhesion and localized accumulation still exist under certain operating conditions, affecting the long-term stable operation and crushing efficiency of the equipment. This is especially true when processing high-moisture materials, where wet, sticky materials easily adhere to the inner wall of the crushing chamber, hammers, or guide plates, leading to localized accumulation, affecting crushing performance, and increasing maintenance frequency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reversible, non-clogging crusher to solve the problem of equipment blockage and local accumulation caused by wet and sticky materials during the crushing process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a reversible, non-clogging crusher is provided, comprising a casing, adjustable impact plates on both sides inside the casing, forming a crushing chamber between the two impact plates, an impact assembly inside the crushing chamber, and inclined surfaces on both sides of the bottom of the crushing chamber. The crushing chamber is characterized by a three-stage gas injection system distributed circumferentially, wherein: The three-stage gas injection system includes a bottom annular nozzle array, a side wall spiral nozzle group, and an inlet pulse nozzle group; The bottom annular nozzle array is installed on the inclined surface at the bottom of the crushing chamber, and the bottom annular nozzle array is arranged in a ring. The sidewall spiral nozzle assembly is distributed along the two sidewalls of the crushing chamber in a spiral path; The feed inlet pulse nozzle group is evenly arranged in a ring around the feed inlet.

[0007] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the spraying direction of the bottom annular nozzle array forms a preset angle with the direction of material gravity, and the spraying pressure is adjustable; The injection pressure of each layer of nozzles in the sidewall spiral nozzle group decreases gradually from bottom to top. The pulse frequency of the feed inlet pulse nozzle group is adjustable, and it integrates a heating element and a surfactant atomizing device. The operating temperature of the heating element is adaptively adjusted according to the moisture content of the material.

[0008] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the three-stage gas injection system is connected to a gas source regulating device, which includes a pressure sensor, a flow control valve, and a temperature regulating unit, wherein: The pressure sensors are independently installed in the air supply pipes of the bottom annular nozzle array, the side wall spiral nozzle group, and the feed port pulse nozzle group, respectively, to monitor the air supply pressure of each nozzle group in real time. The flow control valve corresponds to the pressure sensor one by one, and is used to dynamically adjust the gas flow of each nozzle group according to the monitored pressure. The temperature regulation unit is integrated into the main gas supply pipeline of the gas source regulation device, and is used to heat or cool the gas to regulate the gas temperature and distribute it to each nozzle group. The gas source regulating device achieves coordinated control of the injection gas pressure, flow rate, and temperature through closed-loop control, wherein: The air supply pipe of the feed port pulse nozzle group is additionally equipped with a heating element for local auxiliary heating of the sprayed medium.

[0009] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the striking assembly includes a main shaft, a hammer frame, and a hammer head. The hammer head is mounted on the main shaft via the hammer frame. A torque sensor is installed on the main shaft, which is driven by a motor. The striking assembly is reversible, performing crushing operations when rotating forward and triggering an anti-blocking mode when rotating in reverse.

[0010] As a further improvement to this technical solution, bearing seats are rotatably connected to both sides of the main shaft, the bearing seats are fixedly connected to the machine housing, a rotor wheel is fixedly connected to one side of the main shaft, the rotor wheel is connected to the drive wheel via belt drive, and the drive end of the drive wheel is a motor.

[0011] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the housing is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, the feed inlet is located at the top of the housing, and a humidity sensor is installed on the side of the feed inlet; The impact plate is mounted on the machine housing via an impact plate adjustment assembly. The impact plate adjustment assembly is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the impact plate and is used to adjust the gap between the impact plate and the hammer. Ribs are also fixedly connected to both sides of the back of the impact plate. The ribs are rotatably connected to a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the machine housing. The discharge port is located at the bottom of the machine casing, and the size of the discharge port is determined according to the gap between the bottoms of the two impact plates; A temperature sensor is installed on the lower half of the side wall of the crushing chamber.

[0012] As a further improvement to this technical solution, a PLC controller is also included, wherein: The PLC controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor to collect the gas supply pressure signal of the three-stage gas injection system in real time. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the torque sensor to monitor the load status of the spindle and trigger the reverse anti-blocking mode when there is an abnormality. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor to acquire humidity data at the feed inlet and temperature data inside the crushing chamber, respectively. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the flow control valve, temperature regulation unit, heating element and surfactant atomization device, and is used to dynamically adjust the gas injection pressure, temperature and surfactant atomization frequency.

[0013] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the PLC controller controls the PWM output power of the heating element and the spray frequency of the surfactant atomizing device based on the feedback signal from the humidity sensor. The PLC controller adjusts the gas temperature through the temperature adjustment unit based on the feedback signal from the temperature sensor, and starts the cooling mode when the temperature exceeds a preset threshold. The PLC controller maintains the pressure balance of each nozzle group through closed-loop feedback from the flow control valve and the pressure sensor.

[0014] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the PLC controller and the motor drive the forward and reverse contactors of the motor respectively through the digital output port, and a mechanical and program dual interlock is set. The PLC controller controls the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder and adjusts the gap of the counterattack plate through an independent digital output port; The PLC controller integrates overload protection logic. When the torque sensor detects a continuous overload, it forcibly switches to reverse mode and triggers an alarm signal.

[0015] As a further improvement to this technical solution, the PLC controller interacts with the surfactant atomizing device through an RS485 communication interface, dynamically calculates the atomization dosage based on the feed humidity and material viscosity index, and issues injection commands. The PLC controller stores historical operating data, including peak torque, humidity fluctuations, and pressure deviations, and optimizes the gas injection pressure curve and the gap adjustment strategy of the impact plate based on a machine learning model to adapt to the crushing characteristics of different materials.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In this reversible, non-clogging crusher, a three-stage gas injection system is distributed circumferentially within the crushing chamber. The bottom annular nozzle array injects airflow at a preset angle, dispersing accumulated material and guiding it towards the discharge port. The sidewall spiral nozzle group uses gradient pressure swirling to peel away adhering material. The inlet pulse nozzle group integrates heating elements and a surfactant atomization devices to reduce material stickiness. This structure, through the dual effects of airflow and chemical assistance, reduces the risk of clogging at the source, significantly improving the processing efficiency of wet, sticky materials and solving the pain point of frequent shutdowns for cleaning required by traditional equipment.

[0017] 2. This reversible, non-clogging crusher achieves efficient anti-clogging through electromechanical co-design: When the torque sensor detects an overload, the PLC controller immediately triggers the motor reverse mode, driving the impact assembly to rotate in the opposite direction. Simultaneously, the side-wall spiral nozzle group increases the injection pressure to 1.5MPa, forming a high-speed airflow to scour the chamber wall. The system synchronously collects data such as humidity and temperature to dynamically optimize parameters. For example, when humidity > 60%, it automatically shortens the pulse nozzle group injection interval to 2Hz, and works with the heating element to maintain the feed inlet temperature at 100℃, reducing material viscosity. Through machine learning analysis of historical torque peaks, pressure deviations, and other data, the system can predict clogging risks and adjust the impact plate gap in advance, achieving an upgrade from passive clogging to proactive prevention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crusher of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the striking component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the airflow and rotation direction of the impact component during normal crushing in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the airflow and rotation direction of the impact component when the blockage occurs according to the present invention; Figure 7This is a structural block diagram of the three-stage gas injection system of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the control system of the present invention.

[0019] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Machine casing; 11. Crushing chamber; 12. Feed inlet; 13. Discharge outlet; 14. Inclined surface; 15. Impact plate; 16. Impact plate adjustment assembly; 161. Hydraulic cylinder; 162. Rib plate; 163. Connecting rod; 2. Impact assembly; 21. Main shaft; 22. Hammer frame; 23. Hammer head; 24. Bearing seat; 25. Rotor wheel; 26. Drive wheel; 27. Motor; 3. Three-stage gas injection system; 31. Bottom annular nozzle array; 32. Side wall spiral nozzle group; 33. Feed inlet pulse nozzle group; 331. Heating element; 332. Surfactant atomizing device; 4. Gas source regulating device; 41. Pressure sensor; 42. Flow control valve; 43. Temperature regulating unit; 5. PLC controller; 51. Torque sensor; 52. Humidity sensor; 53. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0021] Please see Figures 1-8 As shown, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a reversible, non-clogging crusher, including a casing 1, as... Figure 2 As shown, adjustable impact plates 15 are installed on both sides inside the casing 1. The impact plates 15 are adjusted by a hydraulic cylinder 161 driving an impact plate adjustment assembly 16. The impact plate adjustment assembly 16 also includes ribs 162 and connecting rods 163. The hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 161 is rotatably connected to the impact plates 15. Ribs 162 are also fixedly connected to both sides of the back of the impact plates 15. The ribs 162 are rotatably connected to the connecting rods 163, and the connecting rods 163 are rotatably connected to the casing 1, making the movement more stable when adjusting the impact plates 15. The space between the two impact plates 15 forms a crushing chamber 11. The top of the crushing chamber 11 is provided with a feed inlet 12, and the bottom is provided with a discharge outlet 13. The size of the discharge outlet 13 is determined by the gap at the bottom of the impact plates 15. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the crushing chamber 11 is equipped with a striking assembly 2, including a main shaft 21, a hammer frame 22, and hammers 23. The main shaft 21 is fixed to the housing 1 by a bearing seat 24, and a motor 27 drives the drive wheel 26 to drive the rotor wheel 25 to rotate via belt transmission, thereby realizing the impact crushing of the material by the hammers 23. A torque sensor 51 is installed on the main shaft 21 to monitor the load status in real time. When the torque exceeds the threshold, the motor 27 is triggered to reverse to clear the blockage.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the crushing chamber 11 is circumferentially equipped with a three-stage gas injection system 3, including a bottom annular nozzle array 31, a sidewall spiral nozzle group 32, and a feed inlet pulse nozzle group 33. The bottom annular nozzle array 31 is installed on the inclined surface 14 at the bottom of the crushing chamber 11. The inclined surface 14 has an inclination angle of 30°. The nozzles are evenly arranged in a ring, and the injection direction forms a 28° angle with the material falling direction. The injection pressure is 1.0 MPa, which is used to disperse the accumulated material and guide it to flow towards the discharge port 13. The sidewall spiral nozzle group 32 is distributed along the sidewall of the crushing chamber 11 in a spiral path with a pitch of 300 mm, with a total of 4 layers. Each layer contains 5 nozzles. The injection pressure of the lower layer is 1.5 MPa, and it decreases to 0.8 MPa in the upper layer. The airflow direction forms a 20° angle with the tangent of the chamber wall, forming a vortex to peel off the adhering material. The feed inlet pulse nozzle group 33 is arranged in a ring around the feed inlet 12, containing 10 nozzles with a pulse frequency of 3Hz. The nozzles integrate heating elements 331 and surfactant atomizing devices 332, with a heating temperature of 100℃. The adhesion of the material is reduced by atomizing the surfactant.

[0023] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the three-stage gas injection system 3 is dynamically controlled through the gas source regulating device 4. The gas source regulating device 4 includes a pressure sensor 41, a flow control valve 42, and a temperature regulating unit 43. The pressure sensor 41 is installed in the gas supply pipeline of the three-stage nozzle group to monitor the pressure data in real time and feed it back to the PLC controller 5. The flow control valve 42 adjusts the gas flow of each nozzle group according to the PLC instructions. The temperature regulating unit 43 ensures that the temperature of the injection medium is stable within the set range by heating or cooling the gas. The PLC controller 5 is electrically connected to the humidity sensor 52, the temperature sensor 53, and the torque sensor 51. The humidity sensor 52 is installed on the side of the feed inlet 12 to detect the humidity of the material. When the humidity is >60%, the PLC controller 5 starts the heating element 331 and increases the surfactant injection frequency. The temperature sensor 53 is installed on the lower half of the side wall of the crushing chamber 11. If the detected temperature is >120℃, it triggers a shutdown and starts the cooling mode.

[0024] The forward and reverse rotation control of motor 27 is achieved through forward and reverse contactors, which are mechanically interlocked (normally closed contacts in series) and PLC program interlocked (Y0 and Y1 outputs mutually exclusive) to ensure safe operation. Hydraulic cylinder 161 controls solenoid valves through PLC digital output ports Y2 and Y3, driving the impact plate adjustment assembly 16 to adjust the gap of impact plate 15 to adapt to different particle size crushing requirements. The PLC controller 5 has a built-in adaptive algorithm that optimizes gas injection parameters and impact plate 15 adjustment strategies based on historical operating data. For example, under high humidity conditions, it automatically increases the pressure of the bottom annular nozzle array 31 to 1.2 MPa while shortening the injection interval of the pulse nozzle group 33.

[0025] After the equipment starts, material enters the crushing chamber 11 through the feed inlet 12. The hammer 23, driven by the main shaft 21, rotates forward to crush the material. The three-stage gas injection system 3 works in conjunction to prevent material adhesion or accumulation. If the torque sensor 51 detects a sudden increase in load, the PLC controller 5 immediately switches the motor 27 to reverse mode, continues for 5 seconds, and then resumes forward rotation. Simultaneously, the pressure of the sidewall spiral nozzle assembly 32 is increased to quickly clear blockages. During operation, all sensor data is uploaded to the host computer via the RS485 interface of the PLC controller 5, enabling remote monitoring and fault diagnosis. This embodiment, through the combination of multi-stage gas injection and intelligent control, significantly improves the processing efficiency of wet and sticky materials and reduces maintenance frequency. Example 2

[0026] like Figure 5As shown, during normal crushing, after the equipment is started, the material enters the crushing chamber 11 from the feed inlet 12. The impact component 2 rotates forward at a rated speed of 1200r / min under the drive of the motor 27, and the hammer 23 impacts and crushes the material efficiently. At this time, the three-stage gas injection system 3 operates in coordination: the bottom annular nozzle array 31 is arranged in a ring along the inclined surface 14 at the bottom of the crushing chamber 11, continuously injecting airflow at a pressure of 1.0 MPa and an injection angle of 28°, pushing the crushed material to flow towards the discharge port 13; the side wall spiral nozzle group 32 is distributed along the spiral path of the chamber wall, with the lower nozzle pressure at 1.5 MPa and the upper nozzle pressure decreasing to 0.8 MPa, forming a swirling airflow at a 20° angle with the tangent direction of the chamber wall, peeling off the slightly adhered material; the feed inlet pulse nozzle group 33 injects airflow at a pulse frequency of 3 Hz, and the heating element 331 maintains the temperature of the feed inlet 12 at 80° according to the feedback of the humidity sensor 52, while the surfactant atomizing device 332 atomizes the anti-sticking agent at a rate of 0.3 L / min to reduce the initial viscosity of the material. The PLC controller 5 monitors the operating status in real time. Humidity sensor 52 detects a material moisture content of 55%, temperature sensor 53 displays a chamber wall temperature of 65℃, and torque sensor 51 monitors that the load on the main shaft 21 is stable within the rated range of 200 N·m. The impact plate adjustment assembly 16 maintains a 5mm gap between the impact plate 15 and the hammer 23 via hydraulic cylinder 161, ensuring uniform output particle size. The crushed material is smoothly discharged through the inclined surface 14 under the guidance of airflow, ensuring continuous and efficient equipment operation without the risk of blockage. Example 3

[0027] like Figure 6As shown, when a large piece of wet, sticky material becomes stuck in the 5mm gap between the impact plate 15 and the hammer 23, the torque sensor 51 detects a sudden 50% increase in the load on the main shaft 21. The PLC controller 5, combined with the 58% moisture content data from the humidity sensor 52 and the 72℃ cavity wall temperature feedback from the temperature sensor 53, determines that the gap is blocked and triggers a collaborative unblocking mechanism. First, the nozzles of the side wall spiral nozzle group 32 near the impact plate 15 adjust the spray angle to 15° and spray instantaneously at a pressure of 3MPa for 0.5 seconds, with the high-pressure airflow directly impacting the stuck material. At the same time, the PLC controls the motor 27 to switch to reverse mode, increasing the speed of the main shaft 21 to 120% of the rated speed. The hammer 23 rotates counterclockwise at high speed, generating a shock wave that shakes off the stuck material in the gap. The hydraulic cylinder 161 rapidly contracts the gap of the impact plate 15 to 4.5mm in 0.1mm increments, forcing the material to loosen and then returning to the preset 5mm gap. The bottom annular nozzle array 31 simultaneously increases the pressure to 1.8MPa, pushing the blocked material upward to loosen it. After the unblocking process lasts for 8 seconds, torque sensor 51 detects that the load has returned to the normal range. The PLC automatically switches motor 27 to forward rotation mode, and surfactant atomization device 332 increases the spray frequency to 0.5L / min to prevent secondary adhesion. After the process is completed, the stuck material is completely removed, and the equipment resumes crushing operations without downtime loss. Through the precise coordination of airflow impact, high-speed reverse rotation, and dynamic gap adjustment, the stability and continuity of the equipment under complex working conditions are improved.

[0028] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A reversible, non-clogging crusher, comprising a casing (1), wherein adjustable impact plates (15) are provided on both sides inside the casing (1), and a crushing chamber (11) is formed between the two impact plates (15), wherein an impact assembly (2) is provided inside the crushing chamber (11), and inclined surfaces (14) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the crushing chamber (11), characterized in that: The crushing cavity (11) is circumferentially distributed with a three-stage gas injection system (3), wherein: The three-stage gas injection system (3) comprises a bottom annular nozzle array (31), a side wall spiral nozzle group (32) and a feeding port pulse nozzle group (33); The bottom annular nozzle array (31) is installed on the inclined surface (14) at the bottom of the crushing cavity (11), and the bottom annular nozzle array (31) is arranged in an annular manner; The side wall spiral nozzle group (32) is distributed in a spiral path along the side walls of the crushing cavity (11) on both sides; The feeding port pulse nozzle group (33) is uniformly arranged around the feeding port (12) in an annular manner.

2. The reversible non-clogging crusher of claim 1, wherein: The injection direction of the bottom annular nozzle array (31) forms a preset angle with the direction of the gravity of the material, and the injection pressure is adjustable; The injection pressure of each layer of nozzles of the side wall spiral nozzle group (32) decreases in a gradient from bottom to top; The pulse frequency of the feeding port pulse nozzle group (33) is adjustable, and a heating element (331) and a surfactant atomizing device (332) are integrated, and the working temperature of the heating element (331) is adaptively adjusted according to the water content of the material.

3. A reverse jam-proof crusher as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that: The three-stage gas injection system (3) is connected with a gas source adjusting device (4), and the gas source adjusting device (4) comprises a pressure sensor (41), a flow control valve (42) and a temperature adjusting unit (43), wherein: The pressure sensor (41) is independently provided in the gas supply pipeline of the bottom annular nozzle array (31), the side wall spiral nozzle group (32) and the feeding port pulse nozzle group (33) respectively, for monitoring the gas supply pressure of each nozzle group in real time; The flow control valve (42) corresponds to the pressure sensor (41) one by one, for dynamically adjusting the gas flow of each nozzle group according to the monitored pressure; The temperature adjusting unit (43) is integrated in the main gas supply pipeline of the gas source adjusting device (4), for heating or cooling to adjust the temperature of the adjusting gas, and is distributed to each nozzle group; The gas source adjusting device (4) realizes the coordinated regulation of the injection gas pressure, flow and temperature through closed-loop control, wherein: The gas supply pipeline of the feeding port pulse nozzle group (33) is additionally provided with a heating element (331) for locally assisting the heating of the injection medium.

4. The reversible non-clogging crusher of claim 1, wherein: The striking assembly (2) comprises a main shaft (21), a hammer holder (22) and a hammer head (23), the hammer head (23) is installed on the main shaft (21) through the hammer holder (22), a torque sensor (51) is installed on the main shaft (21), the main shaft (21) is driven by a motor (27), and the striking assembly (2) can rotate reversibly, and performs crushing operation when rotating forward and triggers anti-blocking mode when rotating reversely.

5. A reverse jam-proof crusher as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that: Bearing seats (24) are rotatably connected to both sides of the main shaft (21), the bearing seats (24) are fixedly connected to the machine shell (1), a rotor wheel (25) is fixedly connected to one side of the main shaft (21), the rotor wheel (25) is drivingly connected to a driving wheel (26) through a belt, and the driving end of the driving wheel (26) is a motor (27).

6. A reverse jam-proof crusher as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that: The machine shell (1) is provided with an inlet (12) and an outlet (13), the inlet (12) is located at the top of the machine shell (1), and a humidity sensor (52) is installed on the side of the inlet (12); The counterattack plate (15) is installed on the machine shell (1) through a counterattack plate adjusting assembly (16), the counterattack plate adjusting assembly (16) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (161), the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder (161) is rotationally connected with the counterattack plate (15), and the counterattack plate (15) is used for adjusting the gap between the counterattack plate (15) and the hammer head (23), and the back of the counterattack plate (15) is further fixedly connected with a rib plate (162), the rib plate (162) is rotationally connected with a connecting rod (163), and the connecting rod (163) is rotationally connected with the machine shell (1); The outlet (13) is located at the bottom of the machine shell (1), and the size of the outlet (13) is determined according to the gap between the bottoms of the two counterattack plates (15); The lower half of the side wall of the crushing cavity (11) is provided with a temperature sensor (53).

7. The reversible non-clogging crusher of claim 1, wherein: Further comprising a PLC controller (5), wherein: The PLC controller (5) is electrically connected with the pressure sensor (41), and the gas supply pressure signal of the three-stage gas injection system (3) is collected in real time; The PLC controller (5) is electrically connected with the torque sensor (51), the load state of the main shaft (21) is monitored, and the reverse anti-blocking mode is triggered when an exception occurs; The PLC controller (5) is electrically connected with the humidity sensor (52) and the temperature sensor (53), and the humidity data at the inlet (12) and the temperature data in the crushing cavity (11) are obtained respectively; The PLC controller (5) is electrically connected with the flow control valve (42), the temperature adjusting unit (43), the heating element (331) and the surfactant atomization device (332), and is used for dynamically adjusting the gas injection pressure, the temperature and the atomization frequency of the surfactant.

8. The reversible non-clogging crusher of claim 7, wherein: The PLC controller (5) controls the PWM output power of the heating element (331) and the injection frequency of the surfactant atomization device (332) according to the feedback signal of the humidity sensor (52); The PLC controller (5) adjusts the gas temperature through the temperature adjusting unit (43) according to the feedback signal of the temperature sensor (53), and starts the cooling mode when the temperature exceeds the preset threshold; The PLC controller (5) maintains the pressure balance of each nozzle group through the closed-loop feedback of the flow control valve (42) and the pressure sensor (41).

9. The reversible non-clogging crusher of claim 8, wherein: The PLC controller (5) drives the forward rotation contactor and the reverse rotation contactor of the motor (27) through digital output ports respectively, and sets mechanical and program double interlocking; The PLC controller (5) controls the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder (161) through an independent digital output port to adjust the gap of the counterattack plate (15); The PLC controller (5) integrates overload protection logic, and when the torque sensor (51) detects continuous overrun, it is forced to switch to the reverse mode and triggers an alarm signal.

10. The reversible non-clogging crusher of claim 9, wherein: The PLC controller (5) interacts with the surfactant atomization device (332) through an RS485 communication interface, dynamically calculates the atomization amount based on the feed humidity and material viscosity index, and issues a spraying instruction; The PLC controller (5) stores historical operation data, including torque peak value, humidity fluctuation and pressure deviation, and optimizes the gas injection pressure curve and the gap adjustment strategy of the counterattack plate (15) based on a machine learning model, to adapt to the crushing characteristics of different materials.

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