Printing head component for electrofluid jet 3D printing and regulation and control method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a printing head component for electrofluid jet 3D printing and a regulation and control method, a printing head comprises a printing head shell, and a jet head, a suppression electrode, a pull-out electrode, a constraint electrode, a deflection collector and a scanning polar plate which are coaxially arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the printing head shell; the injector head, the suppression electrode, the pull-out electrode, the constraint electrode, the deflection collector and the scanning electrode plate are all connected with a high-voltage power supply module; a collecting groove is formed in the bottom of the printing head shell. Wherein a flow channel for a printing liquid material to flow is formed in the spraying head, the spraying head enables the printing liquid material to carry charges, an electrostatic field is formed between the spraying head and the pull-out electrode, and the electrostatic field enables the printing liquid material carrying the charges to form jet flow to be sprayed out; the jet flow sequentially penetrates through channels reserved in the centers of the restraining electrode, the pulling-out electrode, the restraining electrode, the deflection collector and the scanning electrode plate and then is jetted on a printing substrate through a discharging port in the bottom of the printing head shell to form a printing piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and particularly relates to a printhead component and control method for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing. Background Technology

[0002] Continuous electro-hydraulic coupling inkjet printing technology uses a high-voltage electric field as the driving force to form a Taylor cone at the printhead, achieving nanoscale printing of planar patterns. Electro-hydraulic coupling inkjet printing can print various materials such as conductive polymers, bio-fibers, and inks. In recent years, this technology has been introduced into the field of additive manufacturing and is known as electrohydrodynamic jet printing (EHD). It forms three-dimensional structures by depositing and stacking two-dimensional sheets in three-dimensional space. Currently, this technology is mainly used to print flexible electronic circuits, fabrics, etc.

[0003] Due to the unstable phenomenon of jet whipping, electrofluid jet printing cannot accurately and quantitatively spray at specific points, thus failing to leverage its advantage of nanoscale precision. On the other hand, as the thickness of the deposited material increases, the conductivity of the deposited material will lead to a decrease in the deposition quality, further making deposition difficult.

[0004] Electrofluid jetting is a promising technology for direct three-dimensional material forming at the micro-nano scale. However, existing improvements to electrofluid jetting printing technology mainly focus on controlling the electric field between the print head and the substrate electrodes, or rely on the mechanical stage motion to couple the jet oscillation path. These solutions cannot effectively solve the problem of jet whipping instability under complex distributed high-voltage DC (or AC) electric fields, and thus cannot overcome the following additive manufacturing technical challenges:

[0005] 1) Jet processing of nanoscale patterns requires continuous conical jetting and cannot process two-dimensional sliced ​​discontinuous patterns;

[0006] 2) Due to the influence of changes in the charge density of the jet, the jet is disturbed, resulting in low deposition accuracy and difficulty in forming submicron-scale structural features;

[0007] 3) As the deposition thickness increases, the printing thickness is limited due to changes in electric field strength and current density far from the substrate, resulting in a decrease in printing quality, especially for non-conductive materials.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a printhead component and control method for electrofluid jet 3D printing. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a printhead component and control method for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0011] A printhead component for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing, comprising:

[0012] A printhead housing, and an ejector head, a suppression electrode, a pull-out electrode, a constraint electrode, a deflection collector, and a scanning electrode plate arranged coaxially from top to bottom along the printhead housing;

[0013] The injection head, suppression electrode, pull-out electrode, constraint electrode, deflection collector, and scanning electrode are all connected to a high-voltage power supply module.

[0014] A collection groove is provided at the bottom of the printhead housing;

[0015] The nozzle has a flow channel for the flow of printing liquid material. The nozzle causes the printing liquid material to carry an electric charge. An electrostatic field is formed between the nozzle and the pull-out electrode. The electrostatic field causes the printed liquid material carrying the electric charge to form a jet and be ejected.

[0016] The jet passes sequentially through channels left in the center of the suppression electrode, the pull-out electrode, the constraint electrode, the deflection collector, and the scanning electrode plate, and is then ejected from the discharge port at the bottom of the printhead housing onto the printing substrate to form a printed part.

[0017] Optionally, the ejector head includes a container and a high-pressure head disposed in the middle of the container. A gap is provided between the outer wall of the high-pressure head and the inner wall of the container. The bottom end of the high-pressure head extends into the liquid outlet end of the container. The high-pressure head is fixed to the container. The gap serves as a flow channel for the printing liquid material. The high-pressure head is connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The high-pressure head causes the printing liquid material to carry an electric charge.

[0018] Optionally, the suppressor is a ring structure, and the suppressor is divided into four independent and equally spaced electrode partitions, which are connected to the high-voltage power supply module.

[0019] Optionally, the pull-out is an annular structure.

[0020] Optionally, a power supply head is fixedly connected to the top of the printhead housing. The power supply head is electrically connected to the high-voltage power module. The high-voltage head, the suppression electrode, the pull-out electrode, the constraint electrode, the deflection collector, and the scanning electrode plate are electrically connected to the power supply head.

[0021] Optionally, the container is connected to the outlet of a precision flow pump.

[0022] Optionally, the printing liquid material can be either a conductive material or a non-conductive material.

[0023] Optionally, when the printing liquid material is a non-conductive material, an irradiation head for irradiating the printed part formed from the non-conductive material is placed on one side of the printing substrate, and the irradiation head emits a laser or plasma ion beam.

[0024] Optionally, the printhead housing is made of polymethyl methacrylate.

[0025] A method for controlling a printhead component in electrofluid jet 3D printing, using the aforementioned printhead component, includes the following steps:

[0026] The printing liquid material is injected into the nozzle, and the printing liquid material is charged through the nozzle.

[0027] An electrostatic field in the component between the nozzle and the pull-out electrode causes the printing liquid material to form a jet and be ejected.

[0028] Adjusting the voltage of the suppression electrode and the constraint electrode prevents the jet formed by the printing liquid material from diverging;

[0029] The deflection collector switches between printing and non-printing states.

[0030] During printing, the deflection collector is de-energized, allowing the jet to pass through the scanning electrode.

[0031] The scanning electrode adjusts the output direction of the jet by changing the voltage.

[0032] When not printing, the deflector collector is energized to deflect the jet into the collection tank.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0034] This invention creates a ring-shaped electrostatic field, uses a pull-out electrode to pull the printing liquid material adhering to the jet head, and forms a stable and controllable jet through a suppressor and a constraint electrode. This jet leverages the technological advantage of nanoscale jetting at the tip of a Taylor cone. The jet can achieve blanking without stopping emission under the action of a deflection collector, and its direction can be changed by a scanning electrode to complete digital pattern processing. It achieves high-resolution, point-to-point jetting combined with continuous jetting for printing, eliminating the path dependence of continuous scanning required for model slicing. The stable and controllable jet formed by this invention is achieved under an electrostatic field; the printing substrate does not need to be connected to a high-voltage power supply, only grounded. Therefore, the electric field on the printing substrate no longer fluctuates as the thickness of the printed material increases, thus removing limitations on the deposition thickness. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the printhead component structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the Taylor cone formation principle of the nozzle of the present invention in electrostatic field mode;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply head assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary forming method for printing non-conductive materials according to the present invention;

[0041] The components are as follows: 1. Spray head; 2. Suppression electrode; 3. Pull-out electrode; 4. Constraint electrode; 5. Deflection collector; 6. Scanning electrode plate; 7. Collection tank; 8. Printing substrate; 9. Printed part; 10. Power supply head; 11. High voltage head; 12. Container; 13. Taylor cone; 14. Printing liquid material; 15. Precision flow pump; 17. High voltage power supply module; 18. Field programmable gate array module; 19. Host computer; 20. Irradiation head. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 5 This invention discloses a printhead component for electrohydrodynamic 3D printing, comprising:

[0045] The printhead housing, and the ejector head 1, the suppression electrode 2, the pull-out electrode 3, the constraint electrode 4, the deflection collector 5 and the scanning electrode 6 arranged coaxially from top to bottom along the printhead housing;

[0046] The nozzle 1, the suppression electrode 2, the pull-out electrode 3, the constraint electrode 4, the deflection collector 5, and the scanning electrode plate 6 are all connected to the high-voltage power supply module 17;

[0047] A collection groove 7 is provided at the bottom of the printhead housing;

[0048] The nozzle 1 has a flow channel for the flow of the printing liquid material 14. The nozzle 1 causes the printing liquid material 14 to carry an electric charge. An electrostatic field is formed between the nozzle 1 and the pull-out electrode 3. The electrostatic field causes the printing liquid material 14 carrying the electric charge to form a jet and be ejected.

[0049] After passing through the channels left in the center of the suppression electrode 2, the pull-out electrode 3, the constraint electrode 4, the deflection collector 5, and the scanning electrode 6 in sequence, the jet is sprayed onto the printing substrate 8 through the discharge port at the bottom of the print head housing to form the printed part 9.

[0050] This invention forms a ring-shaped electrostatic field, pulls the printing liquid material 14 adhering to the jet head 1 by the pull-out electrode 3, and forms a stable and controllable jet by the suppression electrode 2 and the constraint electrode 4. The jet leverages the technical advantage of nanoscale jetting at the tip of the Taylor cone. Under the action of the deflection collector 5, the jet can achieve blanking without stopping emission. Under the action of the scanning electrode 6, the jet direction can be changed to complete digital graphic processing. High-resolution jetting with point-to-point precision combined with continuous jetting is used for printing, eliminating the path dependence of continuous scanning required for model slicing. The stable and controllable jet formed by this invention is achieved under an electrostatic field. The printing substrate 8 does not need to be connected to a high-voltage power supply, but only needs to be grounded. Therefore, the electric field on the printing substrate 8 no longer fluctuates as the thickness of the printed material increases, and thus there is no longer a limitation on the thickness of the printed deposition.

[0051] Among them, the constraint pole 4 has a ring coil and a resistor controller, which can adjust and observe the coil current, so that the coil maintains a constant current under long-term use conditions.

[0052] The scanning electrode 6 is adjustable in both the X and Y directions, enabling jet deposition printing within a 5mm range.

[0053] Among them, the deflection collector 5 has a deflection collector and a collection channel, which can realize the blanking of the jet when a certain voltage is applied. The blanking jet can be quickly led out of the printhead through the collection channel after being sprayed into the collector.

[0054] As an optional implementation, the ejector head 1 includes a container 12 and a high-pressure head 11 disposed in the middle of the container 12. A gap is provided between the outer wall of the high-pressure head 11 and the inner wall of the container 12. The bottom end of the high-pressure head 11 extends into the liquid outlet end of the container 12. The high-pressure head 11 is fixed to the container 12. The gap serves as a flow channel for the printing liquid material 14. The high-pressure head 11 is connected to the high-voltage power module 17. The high-pressure head 11 causes the printing liquid material 14 to carry an electric charge.

[0055] As an optional implementation, the suppressor 2 has a ring structure, and the suppressor 2 is divided into four independent and equally spaced electrode partitions, which are connected to the high-voltage power supply module 17.

[0056] The suppressor electrode 2 has a four-part structure, which can better control the pull-out jet as it passes through the central hole of the pull-out electrode.

[0057] As an optional implementation, the pull-out electrode 3 has a ring structure.

[0058] The pull-out electrode 3 has a ring structure that allows the pull-out jet to pass through the central hole.

[0059] As an optional implementation, a power supply head 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the printhead housing. The power supply head 10 is electrically connected to the high-voltage power module 17. The high-voltage head 11, the suppression electrode 2, the pull-out electrode 3, the constraint electrode 4, the deflection collector 5, and the scanning electrode plate 6 are electrically connected to the power supply head 10.

[0060] The power supply head 10 can be connected to each high-voltage plate simultaneously.

[0061] As an alternative implementation, container 12 is connected to the outlet end of precision flow pump 15.

[0062] As an optional implementation, the printing liquid material 14 can be either a conductive material or a non-conductive material.

[0063] As an optional implementation, when the printing liquid material 14 is a non-conductive material, an irradiation head 20 for irradiating the printed part 9 formed of the non-conductive material is placed on one side of the printing substrate 8, and the irradiation head 20 emits a laser or plasma ion beam.

[0064] The current density is kept constant by inducing neutralization through laser or ion beam. For high-precision jet printing using non-conductive material particles, there are no longer limitations on the deposition thickness.

[0065] As an optional implementation, the printhead housing is made of polymethyl methacrylate.

[0066] The main body of the printhead housing is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) transparent insulating resin, which allows for observation of the jet emission state while avoiding mutual interference between high-voltage plates.

[0067] A method for controlling a printhead component in electrofluid jet 3D printing, using the aforementioned printhead component, includes the following steps:

[0068] The printing liquid material 14 is injected into the nozzle 1, and the printing liquid material 14 is charged through the nozzle 1.

[0069] An electrostatic field between the nozzle 1 and the pull-out electrode 3 causes the printing liquid material 14 to form a jet and be ejected.

[0070] Adjusting the voltage of the suppression electrode 2 and the constraint electrode 4 prevents the jet formed by the printed liquid material 14 from diverging;

[0071] The deflection collector 5 switches between printing and non-printing states;

[0072] During printing, the deflection collector 5 is de-energized, allowing the jet to pass through the scanning electrode 6;

[0073] The scanning plate 6 adjusts the output direction of the jet by changing the voltage;

[0074] When not printing, the deflector collector 5 is energized to deflect the jet into the collection tank 7.

[0075] The process of using this device includes:

[0076] The printing liquid material 14 is configured, and the material range includes molten conductor, ink, salt solution, and particulate conductive paste. The printing liquid material 14 is delivered to the container 12 inside the nozzle 1 through a precision flow pump 15. Depending on the properties of the printing liquid material 14, it can be assisted by heating outside the nozzle 1 housing to increase its fluidity.

[0077] The printhead is inserted into the power supply head 10, and the high voltage power supply module 17 delivers high voltage to each electrode. The high voltage power supply module 17 configures parameters through the field programmable gate array module 18 and interacts with the host computer 19. The printhead parameters are controlled through the computer software interface, including the voltage of the high voltage head 11, the voltage of the suppressor electrode 2, the voltage of the pull-out electrode 3, the current of the constraint electrode 4 coil, the voltage of the deflection collector 5, and the voltages in the X and Y directions of the scanning electrode plate 6.

[0078] The voltage and current of the constraint electrode 4, deflection collector 5, and scanning electrode 6 are reset to zero. By applying the voltage adjustment on the pull-out electrode 3, the Taylor cone 13 formed by the liquid outlet of the jet head 1 is adjusted to eject an extremely fine jet. At this time, the jet may be directly pulled out onto the pull-out electrode 3. It is necessary to quickly adjust the voltage of the suppression electrode 2 so that the jet pulled out by the Taylor cone 13 can smoothly pass through the center of the pull-out electrode 3, the deflection collector 5, the scanning electrode 6, and the print head outlet, and be deposited on the printing substrate 8. The printing stage is moved to observe the deposition radius under different conditions and parameters. The voltages of the pull-out electrode 3 and the suppression electrode 2 are repeatedly adjusted to make it have the minimum deposition radius.

[0079] Observe the deposition stability of the jet on the printing substrate 8. If the jet produces fluctuations, apply current to the constraint electrode 4. The magnetic field generated reduces the whipping phenomenon of the jet under the suppression of the Lorentz force, thus improving the stability of the jet when passing through the scanning electrode 6.

[0080] Adjust the X-direction voltage of the scanning plate 6 until the jet disappears when a certain value is reached. Then adjust the X-direction plate voltage towards the negative direction until the jet disappears. Take the midpoint of the positive and negative values ​​as the zero point. Adjust the Y-direction voltage of the scanning plate 6 in the same way.

[0081] Adjust the voltage of the deflection collector 5 to achieve a blanking effect. The blanked jet flows into the collection slot 7 through the collection channel inside the printhead and is led out of the printhead.

[0082] For non-conductive materials, as the printing thickness increases and the material becomes conductive after curing, a charge accumulation is formed, which causes a change in the local electric field of jet deposition. Therefore, the charge can be neutralized by irradiating the laser or plasma ion beam through the irradiation head 20.

[0083] Layered slice data of the 3D structure is imported into a computer for scanning path planning, enabling 3D stacked deposition printing. Controllable printing parameters for electrofluid jet 3D printing include the scanning speed in the X and Y directions controlled by the scanning electrode plates, the single-point residence time controlled by the deflection collector, and the deposition radius controlled by the pull-out electrode. The final result is a path planning that combines discontinuous and continuous scanning patterns, resulting in a submicron-scale 3D structure through stacked deposition.

[0084] Based on the above apparatus and method, this solution will be further explained through specific embodiments.

[0085] Example 1:

[0086] The configured printing liquid material 14 is composed of a 1:1 mixture of water and ethanol (volume ratio 1:1) and a dispersion of 10% wt ethylene oxide (PEO). It is delivered to the nozzle 1 at a rate of 0.08 μL / min via a precision flow pump 15. The printing liquid material 14 has a viscosity of 20-30 m·s⁻¹. -2 ;

[0087] Insert the power supply head 10, and the high voltage power supply module 17 delivers high voltage to each electrode. The high voltage module interacts with the host computer 19 through the field programmable gate array module 18. The computer software interface inputs and prints the 3D model, automatically plans the scanning path, and customizes the jet scanning parameters. The optimal scanning speed parameter is determined to be 1~10μm / μs based on the jet radius adjusted by the current fluid, and the single-point dwell time is ≤0.5μs.

[0088] The voltage and current of the constraint electrode 4, the deflection collector 5, and the scanning electrode 6 were reset to zero. The pull-out electrode was adjusted from 0 to 10 kV. The final adjustment result of this material was 2 kV. The Taylor cone of the jet head ejected an extremely fine beam. The voltage of each section of the suppression electrode was quickly adjusted within the range of 0 to 2 kV. This allowed the Taylor cone pull-out jet to smoothly pass through the center of the pull-out electrode, the deflection collector, the scanning electrode, and the print head outlet, and be deposited on the printing substrate. The final deposition radius of this parameter was 0.1 μm.

[0089] A 3.5A current is applied to the constraint electrode 4, adjustable from 0 to 5A, with a preset resistance of approximately 3Ω to ensure a constant current. The resulting magnetic field enables the jet to be stably emitted under the suppression of the Lorentz force.

[0090] The voltage setting range of the scanning plate in the 6XY direction is 0-50V, and the frequency of voltage adjustment can be controlled within the range of 0~1MHz, i.e., the scanning speed;

[0091] Adjust the voltage of the deflection collector 5 from 0 to 50V to achieve the blanking effect. The blanked jet flows into the collection groove 7 through the collection channel inside the printhead and is led out of the printhead.

[0092] The electrofluid is deposited layer by layer to obtain the three-dimensional PEO structure. For cantilever structures, corresponding support structures should be designed and removed in post-processing by nanomanipulators, ion beams or lasers.

[0093] Example 2:

[0094] The configured printing liquid material 14 is composed of polyaniline-ethylene glycol mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3 and 30%wt of Ga-plated barium titanate (BTO) dispersion. It is delivered to the nozzle 1 at a rate of 0.08 μL / min via a precision flow pump 15, with a current viscosity of 30-50 m·s⁻¹. -2 ;

[0095] Referring to the same adjustment steps in Example 1, jet emission adjustment is performed, wherein the high voltage parameters for the current fluid change in Example 2 include a pull-out electrode voltage of 1kV, a constraint electrode current of 2A, a preset resistor of approximately 3Ω, a final jet deposition radius of 0.8μm, a scanning speed of 1~3μm / μs, and a single-point dwell time of ≤1μs;

[0096] The conductivity of polyaniline and barium titanate decreases rapidly after deposition, causing a change in the local electric field of the jet deposition. The charge is neutralized by irradiating the Plasma ion beam through the irradiation head 20.

[0097] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0098] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A printhead component for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing, characterized in that, include: The printhead housing, and the ejector (1), the suppression electrode (2), the pull-out electrode (3), the constraint electrode (4), the deflection collector (5) and the scanning electrode (6) arranged coaxially from top to bottom along the printhead housing; The injection head (1), suppression electrode (2), pull-out electrode (3), constraint electrode (4), deflection collector (5) and scanning electrode plate (6) are all connected to the high-voltage power supply module (17). A collection groove (7) is provided at the bottom of the printhead housing; The nozzle (1) has a flow channel for the flow of printing liquid material (14). The nozzle (1) causes the printing liquid material (14) to carry an electric charge. An electrostatic field is formed between the nozzle (1) and the pull-out electrode (3). The electrostatic field causes the printing liquid material (14) carrying the electric charge to form a jet and be ejected. The jet passes through the channels left in the center of the suppression electrode (2), the pull-out electrode (3), the constraint electrode (4), the deflection collector (5), and the scanning electrode plate (6) in sequence, and is then sprayed onto the printing substrate (8) from the bottom outlet of the print head housing to form a printed part (9).

2. The print head component for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet head (1) includes a container (12) and a high-pressure head (11) disposed in the middle of the container (12). A gap is provided between the outer wall of the high-pressure head (11) and the inner wall of the container (12). The bottom end of the high-pressure head (11) extends into the liquid outlet end of the container (12). The high-pressure head (11) is fixed to the container (12). The gap serves as a flow channel for the printing liquid material (14). The high-pressure head (11) is connected to the high-voltage power module (17). The high-pressure head (11) causes the printing liquid material (14) to carry an electric charge.

3. The print head component for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suppression electrode (2) has a ring structure and is divided into four independent and equally spaced electrode partitions. The electrode partitions are connected to the high-voltage power supply module (17).

4. The print head component for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull-out pole (3) has a ring structure.

5. A print head component for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A power supply head (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the printhead housing. The power supply head (10) is electrically connected to the high-voltage power module (17). The high-voltage head (11), the suppression electrode (2), the pull-out electrode (3), the constraint electrode (4), the deflection collector (5), and the scanning electrode plate (6) are electrically connected to the power supply head (10).

6. A print head component for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The container (12) is connected to the outlet end of a precision flow pump (15).

7. The print head component and control method for electrofluid jet 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing liquid material (14) is either a conductive material or a non-conductive material.

8. The print head component and control method for electrofluid jet 3D printing according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the printing liquid material (14) is a non-conductive material, an irradiation head (20) for irradiating the printed part (9) formed of the non-conductive material is placed on one side of the printing substrate (8), and the irradiation head (20) emits a laser or plasma ion beam.

9. A print head component for electrohydraulic jet 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printhead housing is made of polymethyl methacrylate.

10. A method for controlling a printhead component in electrofluid jet 3D printing, using a printhead component for electrofluid jet 3D printing as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The printing liquid material (14) is injected into the nozzle (1), and the printing liquid material (14) is charged through the nozzle (1); An electrostatic field between the nozzle (1) and the pull-out electrode (3) causes the printing liquid material (14) to form a jet and be ejected. Adjusting the voltage of the suppression electrode (2) and the constraint electrode (4) prevents the jet formed by the printing liquid material (14) from diverging; The deflection collector (5) switches between printing and non-printing states; During printing, the deflection collector (5) is de-energized, allowing the jet to pass through the scanning electrode (6). The scanning electrode (6) adjusts the output direction of the jet by voltage change; When not printing, the deflection collector (5) is energized to deflect the jet into the collection tank (7).

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