Regenerative incinerator (RTO) equipment based on heat accumulator blowback channel optimization

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of industrial waste gas treatment, and discloses regenerative incinerator (RTO) equipment based on heat accumulator blowback channel optimization, which comprises an incinerator body, and three cavities are formed in the incinerator body and are respectively two heat accumulation cavities and a combustion cavity arranged between the two heat accumulation cavities; a combustor is arranged on the combustion cavity, and the heat storage cavity communicates with an exhaust pipe. According to the scheme, by means of the lead screw transmission device linked with the switching mechanism, air in the back-flushing box body is automatically compressed in the rotating process of the switching disc, clean gas is injected through the top back-flushing pipe, pulse airflow with the short-time high-pressure characteristic is formed, an exhaust channel used in the previous period is reversely blown in a directional mode, and the cleaning degree is effectively improved. In the back flushing process, one-way compression driving is carried out through a ratchet wheel-synchronous belt structure, and continuous and stable back flushing in the switching period is achieved in cooperation with high-low-position alternate air supply arrangement of the two back flushing cavities, the system cleaning efficiency is effectively improved, the equipment operation period is prolonged, and the energy consumption requirement is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial waste gas treatment technology, specifically to a regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) device based on an optimized backflushing channel for the regenerator. Background Technology

[0002] A regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) is a highly efficient thermal oxidation device widely used in the treatment of organic waste gas. It achieves synergistic operation of waste gas combustion and heat recovery by using multiple regenerators that alternately absorb and release heat. Typically, waste gas is first preheated by a high-temperature regenerator before entering the combustion chamber, where it is oxidized and decomposed into carbon dioxide and water vapor under high-temperature conditions. The high-temperature exhaust gas then passes through another cold regenerator, transferring heat to it before being discharged, thus achieving the recycling of thermal energy.

[0003] To prevent unburned exhaust gas from being directly emitted after the heat storage body has completed its "air intake task", the existing technology generally adopts the "back-blowing" process, which involves injecting clean air into the outlet end of the heat storage body through a back-blowing fan, forcing the residual exhaust gas to flow back into the combustion chamber for further oxidation treatment.

[0004] However, in actual operation, backflushing systems often suffer from insufficient pressure differential, meaning the static pressure provided by the backflushing fan is lower than the exhaust gas flow resistance. This prevents the backflushing airflow from fully penetrating the heat storage medium channels, causing exhaust gas to stagnate in the end area or local dead zones of the heat storage ceramic blocks. This unremoved exhaust gas may be directly discharged without high-temperature combustion after system switching, leading to excessive exhaust emissions and increased environmental risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) device based on optimized regenerative body backflushing channels, aiming to alleviate the aforementioned problems to at least some extent.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RTO) equipment based on optimized regenerator backflush channels includes:

[0008] The incinerator body has three cavities: two heat storage cavities and a combustion cavity located between the two heat storage cavities.

[0009] The combustion chamber is equipped with a burner, the heat storage chamber is connected to an exhaust pipe, and the heat storage chamber is also equipped with a heat storage body.

[0010] A base is located at the bottom of the incinerator body, and two air inlet pipes are provided inside the base, which are respectively connected to the two heat storage chambers;

[0011] An air intake component located in the base is used to connect to an external exhaust gas pipe and to allow air to enter one of the air intake pipes;

[0012] A switching component located between the base and the air intake component is used to control the working state of the air intake component, so that the air intake component can switch the air intake path of the two heat storage chambers when it alternately switches the opening and closing states of the two air intake pipes.

[0013] Preferably, the heat storage chamber and the combustion chamber are connected by multiple flow ports, and a guide plate is fixed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, the height of which is higher than the highest flow port and is at a predetermined distance from the side wall of the combustion chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the air intake component includes a fixed ring fixed on the base, a switching disk rotatably connected to the fixed ring, the switching disk covering the top and bottom of the fixed ring, the two cooperating to form an air intake chamber, the fixed ring communicating with an external exhaust gas channel, a connecting pipe a fixedly connected to the switching disk, a connecting pipe b slidably connected to the connecting pipe a, and the connecting pipe b communicating with one of the air intake pipes.

[0015] Preferably, the air intake component further includes a connecting ring fixed to the air intake pipe, a piston a slidably connected to the connecting ring, a spring a connected between the piston a and the connecting ring, a connecting pipe b slidably connected to the switching disk, and a spring b connected between the connecting pipe b and the switching disk, a piston b fixed to the connecting pipe b, the piston b being adapted to the inner diameter of the connecting pipe a, and the potential energy of the spring b being greater than that of the spring a.

[0016] Preferably, the switching component includes a sleeve disposed at the bottom of the switching disk, the outer wall of the sleeve having a spiral opening, a hydraulic cylinder connected to the base, the hydraulic cylinder being located inside the sleeve, a connecting shaft being provided at the central axis of the switching disk, the connecting shaft extending downward into the sleeve, and a guide rod being fixed thereon.

[0017] Preferably, the switching component is configured to control the air intake component to close both air intake pipes before switching either of the air intake pipes to perform air intake;

[0018] The switching component further includes a sliding shaft rotatably connected to the top of the connecting shaft. The sliding shaft is rotatably connected to the switching disk and extends upward to the top of the switching disk. A guide frame is connected to the top of the switching disk. A push shaft is rotatably connected to the guide frame. A connecting rod a is rotatably connected to the push shaft. A connecting rod b, which is fixed to the connecting pipe b, is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting rod a. A pressure rod, which is slidably connected to the guide frame, is fixed on the sliding shaft and located above the push shaft.

[0019] Preferably, the sleeve has a straight section opening that communicates with the spiral opening and is located at the beginning of the spiral opening, and the guide rod communicates with the straight section opening.

[0020] Preferably, a ratchet mechanism is provided between the sleeve and the switching disk.

[0021] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is equipped with a valve.

[0022] Preferably, during the process of switching the air intake pipe, clean gas is blown into the heat storage channel corresponding to the air intake pipe that was in the ventilation state in the previous cycle. The clean gas is a gas with a predetermined pressure and flow rate.

[0023] The base is provided with two backflush chambers. A push plate is slidably connected inside the backflush chamber. A one-way valve is provided on the push plate. A backflush pipe connected to the exhaust pipe is connected to the top of the backflush chamber. A one-way valve is also provided inside the backflush pipe. A lead screw is rotatably connected to the bottom of the backflush chamber. The lead screw is threadedly engaged with the push plate.

[0024] A synchronous transmission mechanism is provided between the lead screw and the sleeve, specifically including a synchronous pulley a on the sleeve, a synchronous pulley b on the lead screw, and a synchronous belt between the two.

[0025] A ratchet mechanism is also provided between the sleeve and the synchronous pulley a;

[0026] Of the two push plates in the recoil chamber, one push plate is in a low position, corresponding to the air intake pipe that is currently ventilated, and the other push plate is in a high position, corresponding to the air intake pipe that is currently not ventilated.

[0027] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects:

[0028] This invention integrates a mechanically driven backflushing mechanism into the switching structure, replacing the traditional backflushing method in RTO systems that relies on a blower for pipe cleaning. Traditional technology relies on a fan to inject backflushing gas into the exhaust pipe at the moment of switching. Due to limitations such as pressure attenuation, inertial delay, and path mixing, it is often difficult to achieve sufficient cleaning of the exhaust pipe's interior, easily leading to carbon buildup and dust residue in the heat storage chamber and exhaust channel, affecting heat exchange efficiency and switching stability. In this solution, a screw drive device linked to the switching mechanism automatically compresses the air inside the backflushing chamber during the rotation of the switching disc, injecting clean gas through the top backflushing pipe to form an airflow with short-term high-pressure characteristics. This airflow directionally backflushes the exhaust channel used in the previous cycle, effectively improving the cleanliness. The backflushing process is driven by unidirectional compression through a ratchet-synchronous belt structure, and with the high and low position alternating gas replacement settings of the two backflushing chambers, continuous and stable backflushing during switching periods is achieved, effectively improving system cleaning efficiency, extending equipment operating cycles, and reducing energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the recoil box structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake chamber structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point A;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ratchet mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure label:

[0037] 100. Incinerator body; 101. Regenerator chamber; 102. Combustion chamber; 103. Burner; 104. Exhaust pipe; 105. Regenerator; 106. Base; 107. Inlet pipe; 108. Flow port; 109. Guide plate; 110. Valve;

[0038] 200. Fixed ring; 201. Switching disc; 202. Intake chamber; 203. Connecting pipe a; 204. Connecting pipe b; 205. Connecting ring; 206. Piston a; 207. Spring a; 208. Spring b; 209. Piston b;

[0039] 300. Sleeve; 301. Spiral opening; 302. Hydraulic cylinder; 303. Connecting shaft; 304. Guide rod; 305. Sliding shaft; 306. Guide frame; 307. Push shaft; 308. Link a; 309. Link b; 310. Pressure rod; 311. Straight section opening; 312. Ratchet mechanism;

[0040] 400. Backflush chamber; 401. Push plate; 402. Check valve; 403. Backflush pipe; 404. Lead screw;

[0041] 500, Synchronous pulley a; 501, Synchronous pulley b; 502, Synchronous belt. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] refer to Figures 1-7 This embodiment provides a regenerative incinerator device based on backflushing channel optimization, including an incinerator body 100, a base 106, an air inlet component and a switching component, which is suitable for treating industrial waste gas containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and improving backflushing efficiency to reduce the risk of unburned waste gas residue.

[0044] The incinerator body 100 is a welded steel structure shell, which has three internal cavities: a left-side heat storage cavity 101, a central combustion cavity 102, and a right-side heat storage cavity 101. The two heat storage cavities 101 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the combustion cavity 102. Each heat storage cavity 101 is filled with a honeycomb ceramic heat storage body 105 for alternating heat storage and release, and the top is connected through an exhaust pipe 104.

[0045] The combustion chamber 102 is equipped with a burner 103 at the top, which uses natural gas or liquefied gas as fuel and achieves high-temperature combustion under the drive of the ignition control system to oxidize the exhaust gas sent from a heat storage chamber 101.

[0046] The incinerator body 100 has a base 106 at its bottom, and two air inlet pipes 107 are located in the middle of the base 106, which are respectively connected to the lower ends of the two heat storage chambers 101. The air inlet component is an external waste gas main pipeline connection unit, whose interface is connected to the workshop organic waste gas collection system, and selectively supplies air to the left or right air inlet pipes 107.

[0047] A set of switching components is provided between the air intake component and the air intake pipe 107. The switching components are used to control the air supply path of the air intake component, so that the air intake process alternates between the two air intake pipes 107. When one heat storage chamber 101 is in the air intake state, the other heat storage chamber 101 is in the air exhaust state.

[0048] Specifically, the switching component is configured to close the intake pipe 107 before performing channel switching, and then inject clean gas into the upper intake pipe 107 through an independent air source to achieve reverse purging, so as to continue to push the exhaust gas remaining at the end of the heat storage body 105 or in the dead corner of the channel to the combustion chamber 102 for combustion treatment, and prevent unburned exhaust gas from being discharged.

[0049] The clean gas is preferably a gas with flow rate and pressure to ensure that the airflow is sufficient to overcome the channel resistance of the heat storage body 105 and achieve effective blowing.

[0050] With the above setup, under normal operating conditions, external organic waste gas is first introduced through the air intake component. At this time, the switching component controls the air intake path, opening only one of the air intake pipes 107, allowing the waste gas to enter the corresponding heat storage chamber 101. In the initial treatment stage, the honeycomb ceramic heat storage body 105 in the heat storage chamber 101 can store high-temperature heat, and the waste gas is fully preheated when flowing through the heat storage body 105, and then enters the combustion chamber 102 located in the middle. Under the action of the burner 103, the waste gas is rapidly heated to a high temperature, realizing the oxidative decomposition of organic components and converting them into harmless products such as water vapor and carbon dioxide.

[0051] After oxidation, the high-temperature exhaust gas flows out through the opposite heat storage chamber 101, transferring heat energy to the heat storage body 105 within that chamber during the process. In this way, the two heat storage chambers 101 respectively undertake the tasks of "heat release" and "heat absorption," forming a circulating path for alternating heat transfer. This collaborative structural design not only improves energy utilization but also effectively reduces system operating energy consumption.

[0052] After running for a period of time, the switching component begins to perform the intake path switching operation. To prevent cross-contamination of exhaust gas during the channel switching process, the switching component first controls the intake component to simultaneously close the two intake pipes 107, thereby forming a temporary sealed isolation state between the heat storage chamber 101 and the intake system. This step can effectively prevent the direct leakage of unburned exhaust gas and improve the integrity of exhaust gas control and the safety of system switching.

[0053] Subsequently, clean gas with a predetermined pressure and flow rate is injected into the upper inlet pipe 107 through an independent clean gas source, allowing the gas to continue flowing in the original inlet direction, penetrating the entire heat storage body 105 channel. Utilizing fluid kinetic energy, the clean gas can effectively overcome the channel resistance of the ceramic heat storage body 105, penetrating densely packed areas and end blind zones, effectively driving the waste gas trapped at the end of the channel or in dead zones to escape and continue to be delivered to the combustion chamber 102. Compared to systems without residual gas treatment, this equipment significantly reduces the possibility of residual organic waste gas at the tail end of the heat storage body 105 being directly discharged after switching.

[0054] After the switching is completed, the switching component opens another air intake pipe 107 to complete one air intake path switch, realizing the functional interchange of the two heat storage chambers 101. This alternating operation not only achieves efficient recycling of thermal energy, but also ensures that residual exhaust gas in the heat storage chamber 101 is fully removed after each round of air intake, greatly improving the overall system processing efficiency and emission compliance.

[0055] In summary, this embodiment overcomes the problem in the prior art that the backflush airflow is difficult to penetrate the end of the heat storage body 105 by using a dual-cavity alternating direction combination clean gas blowing structure and control method. This effectively reduces the risk of unburned waste gas retention and discharge, and improves the thermal efficiency, combustion integrity and environmental compliance of the RTO equipment.

[0056] In this embodiment, a plurality of flow ports 108 are provided between the heat storage chamber 101 and the combustion chamber 102. The plurality of flow ports 108 are distributed along the height direction of the heat storage chamber 101, so that when the exhaust gas enters the combustion chamber 102 from the heat storage body 105, it can enter at multiple height positions, thereby improving the uniformity of exhaust gas introduction.

[0057] A guide plate 109 is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 102. The guide plate 109 is fixed to the bottom of the combustion chamber 102. Its top height is higher than the uppermost flow port 108. The guide plate 109 is arranged close to the side wall of the combustion chamber 102 and a distance is reserved between it and the inner wall of the combustion chamber 102 to form a flow guiding gap.

[0058] With the above configuration, after the exhaust gas enters the heat storage chamber 101 via the intake and is heated by the heat storage body 105, it will enter the combustion chamber 102 through multiple flow ports 108 located between the heat storage chamber 101 and the combustion chamber 102. The multiple flow ports 108 are arranged vertically, which not only enables gas introduction at multiple heights but also avoids the flow deviation problem caused by single-point gas supply, thereby improving the uniformity of exhaust gas distribution within the combustion chamber 102, optimizing initial mixing conditions, and providing a good gas foundation for subsequent combustion reactions.

[0059] The preheated exhaust gas entering the combustion chamber 102 is controlled by the flow field of the guide plate 109 fixed at the bottom. Since the top of the guide plate 109 is higher than all the flow ports 108, it can effectively block the straight airflow path from the flow ports 108 at various heights into the combustion zone, forcing some of the airflow to reach the burner 103 directly above the guide plate 109, thereby improving combustion stability.

[0060] In this embodiment, the air intake component includes a fixing ring 200 disposed on the incinerator base 106. The fixing ring 200 is a hollow ring structure with a channel inside, which is connected to an external waste gas conveying pipe for receiving external waste gas containing VOCs.

[0061] A switching disk 201 is provided on the fixed ring 200, and the switching disk 201 can rotate horizontally around the central axis. The structure of the switching disk 201 covers the top and bottom of the fixed ring 200, forming an integral closed structure.

[0062] The switching disk 201 is provided with a fixedly connected connecting pipe a203. The connecting pipe a203 is a curved channel that penetrates the thickness of the switching disk 201 and communicates with the air intake chamber 202 formed by the switching disk 201 and the fixing ring 200. The other end of the connecting pipe a203 extends to the upper side of the switching disk 201, and a connecting pipe b204 is slidably arranged on it.

[0063] With the above settings, when the switching component is working, the switching component first moves the position of the connecting pipe b204 to disconnect it from the corresponding side of the air intake pipe 107. At this time, the connecting pipe b204 and the two air intake pipes 107 are both in a closed state to prevent exhaust gas from leaking at the connection point.

[0064] Then, the angle of the switching disk 201 is rotated. The switching disk 201 rotates in a circular manner on the fixed ring 200. The connecting pipe and connecting pipe b204 set on the switching disk 201 rotate with it until they stop when they rotate to 180 degrees. At this time, the connecting pipe b204 is displaced again and connects with the corresponding side air intake pipe 107. The connecting pipe a203 then completes the guiding conversion of the air intake path from one side air intake pipe 107 to the other side air intake pipe 107.

[0065] In this embodiment, the air intake component further includes a connecting ring 205 disposed on the air intake pipe 107. The connecting ring 205 is annularly sleeved inside the air intake pipe 107. A piston a206 is slidably connected inside the connecting ring 205. The piston a206 can reciprocate along the axial direction of the air intake pipe 107 within the cavity of the connecting ring 205 to open and close the opening of the air intake pipe 107. A spring a207 is connected between the piston a206 and the connecting ring 205. When the spring a207 is in its normal state, it allows the piston a206 to contact the connecting ring 205, thereby keeping the air intake pipe 107 in a closed state.

[0066] The connecting pipe b204 and the switching disk 201 are configured with a sliding connection structure, allowing the connecting pipe b204 to have limited displacement relative to the switching disk 201. A spring b208 is provided between the connecting pipe b204 and the switching disk 201 to elastically push the connecting pipe b204 toward the intake pipe 107. A piston b209 is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe b204. The outer diameter of the piston b209 matches the inner diameter of the connecting pipe a203, and it can slide axially within the connecting pipe a203.

[0067] During the advancement of the connecting pipe b204, the piston b209 can press against the piston a206, causing it to move and push the piston a206 out of the connecting ring 205, thereby realizing the opening control of the intake pipe 107.

[0068] With the above configuration, when the connecting pipe b204 is connected to any intake pipe 107, the switching component first controls the connecting pipe b204 to slide forward axially. Under the push of the spring b208, the piston b209 at its end gradually contacts the piston a206 located on the target intake pipe 107. As it continues to advance, the piston b209 generates axial compression, forcing the piston a206 to move away from the intake port of the intake pipe 107, thereby changing the intake pipe 107 from its original closed state to an open state, forming a complete and unobstructed intake channel.

[0069] External exhaust gas can enter the air intake chamber 202 formed by the switching plate 201 through the fixed ring 200, flow into the connecting pipe b204 through the connecting pipe a203, and then enter the heat storage chamber 101 on the corresponding side through the opened air intake pipe 107, thus completing the supply of exhaust gas.

[0070] When the equipment reaches the reversing stage, that is, when the air supply path needs to be switched from the current air inlet pipe 107 to the opposite air inlet pipe 107, the switching component first controls the connecting pipe b204 to slide axially, so that the spring b208 is stretched to generate potential energy, and the piston b209 can be inserted into the connecting pipe a203 to seal the connecting pipe a203. Since the spring a207 is in a compressed state, it can automatically release the elastic force at this time, drive the piston a206 to move forward back to its position, and re-close the connecting ring 205 to ensure that it remains tightly closed when not supplying air.

[0071] Subsequently, the switching disk 201 begins to rotate around the central axis, aligning the connecting pipe a203 and the connecting pipe b204 with the other side's air intake pipe 107. Before this, the connecting pipe b204 has already been displaced a certain distance, which can prevent the connecting pipe b204 from interfering with the original air intake pipe 107 or the target air intake pipe 107 structure during the rotation. Before the switching disk 201 rotates, the connecting pipe b204 generates structural avoidance through a retraction action, leaving sufficient gap to make the switching process smooth and unobstructed.

[0072] After being rotated into position, the connecting pipe b204 slides again under the push of the spring b208, causing the piston b209 to leave the connecting pipe a203 and press against the piston a206 on one side, opening a new air intake path.

[0073] In summary, the intake component of this application controls the piston linkage through the spring potential energy difference, which can achieve precise opening and closing without the need for an external drive mechanism. It has a simple structure and reliable control. The intake port can be kept sealed in all three stages of the switching process: disconnection, rotation, and connection, to prevent exhaust gas leakage or cross-contamination. The connecting pipe b204 automatically generates axial avoidance before and after switching to avoid the conflict between the rotational motion and the static structure, and to prevent mechanical interference or jamming. This realizes dynamic opening and closing of the intake port and safe control of the air path during the switching process.

[0074] In this embodiment, the switching component includes a sleeve 300 disposed at the bottom of the switching disk 201. The sleeve 300 is a hollow cylindrical shape, installed below the switching disk 201, and coaxially arranged with the switching disk 201. A spiral opening 301 is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 300 along the circumferential direction. It is a spiral guide opening used to form a guide rail mechanism for rotation drive.

[0075] A hydraulic cylinder 302 is installed inside the base 106. The output shaft of the cylinder 302 is vertically arranged inside the sleeve 300. A connecting shaft 303 is arranged at the center of the switching disk 201. The connecting shaft 303 extends vertically downward and passes through the central hole of the sleeve 300 to the top of the output shaft of the cylinder 302, and is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 302.

[0076] A guide rod 304 is provided on the connecting shaft 303.

[0077] With the above settings, when it is necessary to switch the air intake path, the hydraulic cylinder 302 is driven to move first, causing the extension and retraction output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 302 to slowly move downward. Since the connecting shaft 303 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 302, the downward movement of the hydraulic cylinder 302 will drive the connecting shaft 303 to descend axially together.

[0078] As the guide rod 304 moves downward, it is embedded in the helical opening 301 on the sleeve 300. When the guide rod 304 is pressed down, it will generate a forced lateral thrust on the helical track. This thrust acts on the sleeve 300 along the helical tangent, causing the sleeve 300 to rotate around the central axis.

[0079] During the switching phase, the sleeve 300 rotates simultaneously, which drives the switching disk 201 to rotate. This causes the connecting pipe a203 and connecting pipe b204 to rotate 180 degrees to the opposite side of the air intake pipe 107, thus achieving the purpose of switching the air intake channel.

[0080] In this embodiment, the switching component further includes a linkage actuator located on the top of the switching disk 201, which is used to control the forward and backward axial movement of the connecting pipe b204 during the switching process.

[0081] Specifically, a connecting shaft 303 is provided at the central axis of the switching disk 201. A vertically arranged sliding shaft 305 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the connecting shaft 303. The sliding shaft 305 passes through the switching disk 201 and can move up and down in the vertical direction. The upper end of the sliding shaft 305 extends to the top of the switching disk 201 and is slidably connected to a guide frame 306 fixedly installed on the top of the switching disk 201 to ensure that the movement direction of the sliding shaft 305 is stable and controllable.

[0082] A push shaft 307 is slidably connected within the guide frame 306, with its top end facing a pressure rod 310 fixed on the sliding shaft 305. The pressure rod 310 is positioned above the push shaft 307 and presses the push shaft 307 downward as the sliding shaft 305 moves downward as a whole.

[0083] A connecting rod a308 is connected to the push shaft 307 via a rotatable hinge. One end of the connecting rod a308 is rotatably connected to the push shaft 307, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting rod b309. The other end of the connecting rod b309 is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe b204, which is used to convert the swinging motion of the linkage mechanism into the linear displacement of the connecting pipe b204.

[0084] With the above configuration, when the hydraulic cylinder 302 drives its output shaft to move downward, it causes the connecting shaft 303 and the sliding shaft 305 to move downward as a whole. The pressure rod 310 moves downward accordingly and presses against the push shaft 307. After the push shaft 307 moves downward, through the coordinated swinging action of the connecting rods a308 and b309, it pushes the connecting pipe b204 to slide axially, thereby achieving the function of disconnecting the target air intake pipe 107 and sealing the connecting pipe b204.

[0085] When the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 302 moves upward, the connecting shaft 303 and the sliding shaft 305 move upward, the pressure rod 310 disengages from the push shaft 307, the connecting pipe b204 is driven by the spring b208 to reset and move, and the connecting rod a308 and the connecting rod b309 swing in the opposite direction to connect with the corresponding air intake pipe 107, thus completing one air supply path switching action.

[0086] In this embodiment, in order to ensure sealing during the switching process, the outer wall of the sleeve 300 is provided with a straight section opening 311 that communicates with the spiral opening 301. The straight section opening 311 is arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve 300, located at the starting end of the spiral opening 301, and forms a continuous transition structure with it.

[0087] The guide rod 304 is mounted on the connecting shaft 303, extends radially to the straight section opening 311, and slides therewith. This means the guide rod 304 can move vertically up and down within the straight section opening 311 without causing the sleeve 300 to rotate. Only when the guide rod 304 enters the helical opening 301, and applies force due to contact with the helical trajectory, will the sleeve 300 be forced to rotate.

[0088] With the above settings, when the intake channel switching operation begins, the hydraulic cylinder 302 receives a control signal and drives its output shaft to slowly move downwards in the vertical direction. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 302 drives the connecting shaft 303 and the sliding shaft 305 to move downwards as a whole. At this time, the guide rod 304 on the connecting shaft 303 is located in the straight section opening 311 on the outer wall of the sleeve 300. The guide rod 304 only slides in the vertical direction and does not generate lateral thrust, so it will not generate rotational drive for the sleeve 300.

[0089] At the same time, the sliding shaft 305 moves downward, causing the pressure rod 310 to move downward. The pressure rod 310 pushes the push shaft 307, which is set in the guide frame 306, to descend. The push shaft 307 works in coordination with the connecting rods a308 and b309 to drive the connecting pipe b204 to slide axially, so that the connecting pipe b204, which was originally in the docking state, is disengaged from the corresponding air intake pipe 107, thus achieving a reliable disconnection of the air intake channel.

[0090] During this stage, since the guide rod 304 has not yet entered the spiral opening 301, the sleeve 300 remains stationary, and the switching disc 201 does not rotate. This operating sequence ensures that the original channel is closed before rotational switching, preventing exhaust gas leakage or cross-contamination during the switching process and improving the sealing control capability during the reversal process.

[0091] When the connecting pipe b204 makes a clearance maneuver and leaves the intake pipe 107 and piston a206, the hydraulic cylinder 302 continues to move downward, causing the guide rod 304 to enter the spiral opening 301 of the sleeve 300. Since the spiral opening 301 is an inclined guide rail, the continued downward movement of the guide rod 304 will force the sleeve 300 to rotate, thereby driving the switching disc 201 connected to it to rotate synchronously, realizing the intake switching.

[0092] After completing the rotation, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 302 moves upward, and the connecting pipe b204 moves back to its original position during the return of the sliding shaft 305, contacting and opening the intake pipe 107 on the other side, thus completing the entire switching cycle.

[0093] In this embodiment, to prevent the switching disk 201 from retracting due to the return of the hydraulic cylinder 302 or the return of the guide rod 304 during the switching process, a ratchet mechanism 312 is provided between the sleeve 300 and the switching disk 201 to restrict its reverse rotation.

[0094] With the above settings, during the operation of switching the air intake path, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 302 moves downward, causing the connecting shaft 303 and the guide rod 304 to move downward. When the guide rod 304 enters the spiral opening 301 on the outer wall of the sleeve 300, it pushes the sleeve 300 to rotate, and the switching disk 201 rotates synchronously with the sleeve 300, completing one angle switch.

[0095] After switching to the correct position, the switching disk 201 is in the new intake alignment position, and the connecting pipe b204 moves forward to connect with the intake pipe 107, thus opening the channel. At this time, the system performs a reset action, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 302 rises, and the guide rod 304 slides back from bottom to top. To prevent the reverse rotation of the sleeve 300 during the upward movement of the guide rod 304 through the spiral opening 301, which would cause the switching disk 201 to retract and shift, the ratchet mechanism 312 in this embodiment begins to function. This ensures that even if the guide rod 304 is disturbed during the upward movement, it will not affect the angle positioning already completed by the switching disk 201, thus ensuring that the switching position of the intake path remains unchanged.

[0096] In this embodiment, in order to achieve coordinated control of the air intake path and the exhaust path, the incinerator body 100 is provided with two exhaust pipes 104, which correspond to the upper part of the two heat storage chambers 101 respectively. Each exhaust pipe 104 is provided with a valve 110 for controlling the opening and closing. The valve 110 can be a butterfly valve, gate valve or electric ball valve structure, and can be opened and closed by manual or electric control.

[0097] With the above settings, during normal operation of the equipment, the two heat storage chambers 101 alternately perform the "intake-exhaust" function. Assume that the left heat storage chamber 101 is currently in the intake state, and the right heat storage chamber 101 is in the exhaust state:

[0098] At this time, the left intake pipe 107 is compressed by the piston b209 in the connecting pipe b204, causing the piston a206 to move and press the spring a207. The intake pipe 107 is opened here, and the valve 110 on the left exhaust pipe 104 remains closed to prevent unburned exhaust gas from being discharged directly.

[0099] Meanwhile, since the right side is not compressed by the piston b209 in the connecting pipe b204, the spring a207 uses its own potential energy to close the intake pipe 107 here, and the valve 110 on the right exhaust pipe 104 opens to release the combustion gases and complete the heat recovery.

[0100] Once the switching process begins (by rotating the switching disc 201 to change the alignment direction of the connecting pipe b204), and the intake path change is completed, the opening and closing states of the exhaust pipe 104 must be switched synchronously.

[0101] The valves 110 on the two exhaust pipes 104 can be operated manually or by an electronic actuator.

[0102] Close the exhaust valve 110, which was originally open, and at the same time open the valve 110 on the other side of the exhaust pipe 104;

[0103] Ensure that the intake and exhaust channels correspond one-to-one and are always in an alternating state.

[0104] The above structure, through the control of the exhaust valve 110, prevents the intake and exhaust from being open at the same time, avoids the leakage of unburned exhaust gas, ensures that the exhaust gas is discharged only after entering the combustion chamber 102, and improves the complete oxidation rate of organic matter and the energy recovery efficiency of the heat storage body 105.

[0105] In this embodiment, the base 106 is provided with two independent backflush chambers 400, and the two backflush chambers 400 are respectively connected to two corresponding exhaust pipes 104. A push plate 401 is slidably connected inside each backflush chamber 400. The push plate 401 moves in the vertical direction and maintains a sealed fit with the inner wall of the chamber to ensure the formation of a controllable air pressure change chamber.

[0106] Each push plate 401 has an intake check valve 402. The check valve 402 can be a conventional mechanical check valve 402 structure such as a spring valve, leaf spring valve, or cone sealing valve. It closes under positive air pressure and opens under negative pressure.

[0107] The top of each backflush chamber 400 is connected to the upper exhaust pipe 104 via a backflush pipe 403. A one-way valve 402 is also provided in the backflush pipe 403. The one-way valve 402 is also a mechanical one-way valve 402 structure. It opens when positive pressure is formed in the chamber, allowing gas to flow towards the exhaust pipe 104; otherwise, it closes to prevent backflow.

[0108] Each recoil chamber 400 has a lead screw 404 rotatably connected to its bottom. The lead screw 404 is threadedly engaged with the push plate 401. Rotating the lead screw 404 can drive the push plate 401 to move up or down, thereby changing the volume of the air chamber.

[0109] With the above settings, during the switching action, as the switching disk 201 completes its rotation and reverses the airflow path, the backflushing mechanism is simultaneously activated to perform a short-term backflushing operation on the exhaust pipe 104 corresponding to the intake pipe 107 connected in the previous round, in order to clean any particles and carbon deposits that may remain therein, thereby improving the cleanliness of the exhaust passage and the subsequent heat exchange efficiency.

[0110] Specifically as follows:

[0111] 1. During the rotation of the switching disk 201, the linkage mechanism drives the lead screw 404 to rotate, so that the lead screw 404 pushes the push plate 401 upward through the thread action, the internal cavity volume of the backlash box 400 decreases, and the air inside the cavity is compressed to form positive pressure.

[0112] 2. At this time, the air above the push plate 401 enters the corresponding exhaust pipe 104 through the top backflush pipe 403, and forms a short-term backflush airflow with the help of positive pressure, effectively flushing the deposits on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 104. Furthermore, the one-way valve 402 inside the backflush pipe 403 opens during this stage, allowing compressed air to flow to the exhaust pipe 104, while the one-way valve 402 on the push plate 401 closes under positive pressure inside the cavity to prevent air leakage and ensure concentrated air pressure output.

[0113] In this embodiment, a synchronous transmission mechanism is provided between the lead screw 404 and the sleeve 300, which is used to drive the lead screw 404 to rotate in conjunction during the rotation of the sleeve 300. Specifically, the sleeve 300 is provided with a synchronous wheel a500 on its outer periphery, and a synchronous wheel b501 is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 404. The two are connected by a synchronous belt 502 to form a synchronous transmission mechanism.

[0114] A ratchet mechanism 312 is also provided between the synchronous pulley a500 and the sleeve 300. The ratchet mechanism is used to block the rotational transmission when the output shaft of the oil cylinder 302 retracts and drives the sleeve 300 to rotate in the opposite direction. It only allows the sleeve 300 to drive the lead screw 404 during rotation in a specified direction, so as to realize unidirectional linkage control.

[0115] Furthermore, in each of the two backflush housings 400, a pusher plate 401 is slidably connected inside. One pusher plate 401 is in a low position, corresponding to the currently connected air intake pipe 107, while the other pusher plate 401 is in a high position, corresponding to the currently unconnected air intake pipe 107. Thus, during the switching operation, the backflush operation is preferentially performed on the non-ventilated exhaust pipe 104 to avoid the forward airflow interfering with the backflush path.

[0116] With the above structural configuration, when the switching disc 201 rotates, the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 302 drives the sleeve 300 to rotate, and forms a linkage transmission structure through the synchronous pulley a500, synchronous pulley b501 and synchronous belt 502, thereby driving the lead screw 404 to rotate synchronously. Since the lead screw 404 and the push plate 401 inside the recoil box 400 are in a threaded engagement relationship, the push plate 401 can be raised or lowered axially during the rotation of the lead screw 404.

[0117] Specifically, in order to achieve continuous and stable backflushing and ash removal and continued combustion, the push plates 401 in the two backflushing chambers 400 are set to an initial relative position of one high and one low: the push plate 401 in the high position corresponds to the side of the air inlet pipe 107 that is not currently ventilated, and the push plate 401 in the low position corresponds to the side of the air inlet pipe 107 that is currently ventilated.

[0118] When the switching disc 201 rotates under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder 302, the lead screw 404 is driven to rotate by the synchronous transmission mechanism, which in turn causes the push plates 401 in the two backflushing chambers 400 to move simultaneously. At this time, the push plate 401, which was originally in a lower position, begins to move upward. Under the guidance of the thread, the push plate 401 rises axially, compressing the air in the chamber, and the air pressure in the chamber rises rapidly. When the pressure reaches the threshold, the one-way valve 402 on the top backflushing pipe 403 opens, injecting high-pressure air at a certain flow rate into the exhaust pipe 104 corresponding to the previous round of ventilation, realizing a directional backflushing cleaning action. This can effectively flush away dust, carbon deposits and other impurities deposited on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 104, improve the cleanliness and heat exchange efficiency of the exhaust pipe 104, and avoid affecting the stable operation of the system due to blockage by impurities or reduced heat transfer efficiency.

[0119] Simultaneously, the push plate 401, originally positioned higher, begins to move downwards under the linkage of the lead screw 404. This increases the volume of its backflushing chamber 400, creating negative pressure. The one-way valve 402 on the push plate 401 opens, allowing external air to enter the chamber, completing the air replenishment preparation process. This air replenishment process prepares for the next backflushing cycle, ensuring that positive pressure can be quickly established in the next switching cycle for efficient backflushing.

[0120] On the other hand, due to the ratchet mechanism 312, the transmission chain can be blocked when the cylinder 302 drives the sleeve 300 to rotate in the opposite direction during the return stroke, avoiding unnecessary rotation of the lead screw 404, ensuring that the backlash only starts during the critical stage of the switching action, and improving the stability of the system.

[0121] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on optimization of regenerator blowback channel, characterized in that, The application relates to a waste incinerator. The waste incinerator comprises a waste incinerator body (100) in which three cavities are formed, i.e. two heat storage cavities (101) and a combustion cavity (102) arranged between the two heat storage cavities (101); A burner (103) is arranged on the combustion cavity (102), exhaust pipes (104) are communicated with the heat storage cavities (101), and heat storage bodies (105) are arranged in the heat storage cavities (101); A base (106) is arranged at the bottom of the waste incinerator body (100), two air inlet pipes (107) are arranged in the base (106) and communicated with the two heat storage cavities (101) respectively; An air inlet component is arranged in the base (106) and used for communicating with an external exhaust pipe and feeding air into one of the air inlet pipes (107); A switching component is arranged between the base (106) and the air inlet component and used for controlling the working state of the air inlet component, so that the air inlet component realizes air path switching of the two heat storage cavities (101) when the opening and closing states of the two air inlet pipes (107) are alternately switched.

2. The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on optimization of regenerator blowback channel according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of flow ports (108) are communicated between the heat storage cavities (101) and the combustion cavity (102), a guide plate (109) is fixed at the bottom of the combustion cavity (102) and has a height higher than that of the highest flow port (108) and a predetermined interval from the side wall of the combustion cavity (102).

3. The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on optimization of regenerative media blowback channel as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The air inlet component comprises a fixed ring (200) fixed on the base (106), a switching disc (201) rotatably connected to the fixed ring (200), the switching disc (201) covers the top and bottom of the fixed ring (200) and forms an air inlet cavity (202) in cooperation with the fixed ring (200), the fixed ring (200) is communicated with an external exhaust passage, a connecting pipe a (203) is fixedly connected to the switching disc (201), a connecting pipe b (204) is slidably connected to the connecting pipe a (203), and the connecting pipe b (204) is communicated with one of the air inlet pipes (107).

4. The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on the optimization of the regenerative body blowback channel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air inlet component further comprises a connecting ring (205) fixed on the air inlet pipe (107), a piston a (206) slidably connected to the connecting ring (205), a spring a (207) connected between the piston a (206) and the connecting ring (205), a spring b (208) connected between the connecting pipe b (204) and the switching disc (201), a piston b (209) fixed on the connecting pipe b (204), the piston b (209) is matched with the inner diameter of the connecting pipe a (203), and the potential energy of the spring b (208) is greater than that of the spring a (207).

5. The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on optimization of regenerative media blowback channel as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The switching component comprises a sleeve (300) arranged at the bottom of the switching disc (201), a spiral opening (301) is arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve (300), an oil cylinder (302) is connected to the base (106), the oil cylinder (302) is located in the sleeve (300), a connecting shaft (303) is arranged at the central shaft of the switching disc (201), the connecting shaft (303) extends downward into the sleeve (300) and is fixed with a guide rod (304).

6. The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on the optimization of the regenerative body blowback channel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switching component is configured to control the air inlet component to close the two air inlet pipes (107) before switching any of the air inlet pipes (107) to perform air inlet; The switching component further comprises a sliding shaft (305) rotatably connected to the top of the connecting shaft (303), the sliding shaft (305) is slidably connected to the switching disc (201) and extends upward to the top of the switching disc (201), the top of the switching disc (201) is connected with a guide frame (306), the guide frame (306) is slidably connected with a push shaft (307), the push shaft (307) is rotatably connected with a connecting rod a (308), the bottom of the connecting rod a (308) is rotatably connected with a connecting rod b (309) fixed with the connecting pipe b (204), the sliding shaft (305) is fixed with a pressing rod (310) slidably connected with the guide frame (306) and located above the push shaft (307).

7. The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on optimization of regenerative media blowback channel as claimed in claim 5 wherein, A straight section opening (311) is arranged on the sleeve (300) and communicates with the spiral opening (301) and is located at the first end of the spiral opening (301), the guide rod (304) communicates with the straight section opening (311).

8. The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on the optimization of the regenerative body blowback channel according to claim 5, characterized in that, A ratchet mechanism (312) is arranged between the sleeve (300) and the switching disc (201).

9. The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on heat storage back flushing channel optimization as claimed in claim 1 wherein, A valve (110) is arranged on the exhaust pipe (104).

10. The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) apparatus based on optimization of regenerative media blowback channel as claimed in claim 5, wherein, During the switching process of the air inlet pipe (107), clean gas is blown into the corresponding heat storage channel of the air inlet pipe (107) in the upward cycle in the air inlet state, and the clean gas is a gas with a predetermined pressure and flow rate; Two backflushing boxes (400) are arranged in the base (106), a push plate (401) is slidably connected in the backflushing box (400), a one-way valve (402) is arranged on the push plate (401), a backflushing pipe (403) is connected to the top of the backflushing box (400) and communicates with the exhaust pipe (104), a one-way valve (402) is also arranged in the backflushing pipe (403), a lead screw (404) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the backflushing box (400), and the lead screw (404) is threadedly connected with the push plate (401); A synchronous transmission mechanism is arranged between the lead screw (404) and the sleeve (300), specifically comprising a synchronous wheel a (500) arranged on the sleeve (300) and a synchronous wheel b (501) arranged on the lead screw (404), and a synchronous belt (502) is arranged therebetween; A ratchet mechanism (312) is also arranged between the sleeve (300) and the synchronous wheel a (500). Among the push plates (401) in the two said backflush boxes (400), one said push plate (401) is in low position, corresponding to the current ventilated said air inlet pipe (107), and the other said push plate (401) is in high position, corresponding to the current unventilated said air inlet pipe (107).

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