Totally waterproof encoder

Abstract

Full waterproof encoder relates to the technical field of encoder, including encoder body, sealing shell, magnetic coupling device, magnetic coupling device includes outer transmission shaft, outer magnet, inner transmission shaft and inner magnet, sealing shell seals the encoder body, inner transmission shaft and inner magnet in, through the synchronous transmission of outer magnet and inner magnet piece, realize real-time measurement to the measured equipment. By adding heat dissipation mechanism, flow guide mechanism, water level monitoring mechanism and transmission switching mechanism, the water level change of the encoder is monitored in real time, so as to control the working state of the heat dissipation mechanism and the flow guide mechanism, realize the effective heat dissipation of the encoder.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of encoder, in particular to a full waterproof encoder. BACKGROUND

[0002] The encoder is a main component for motion detection and control in mechanical systems, and is a widely used sensor. The encoder converts mechanical motion into standard electrical signals by real-time measurement of position, speed or direction, etc., to provide key feedback for automation equipment. According to the use, the encoder can be used as a distance sensor, a speed sensor, etc.

[0003] When the encoder is installed on a device for use, due to the poor sealing performance of the encoder, for instruments involved in water operation, or even underwater operation, the external water of the encoder is easy to enter the internal part of the encoder, which leads to damage of the encoder. In order to improve the waterproof performance of the encoder, the existing encoder is generally placed in a sealed shell, and a plurality of sealing rings are arranged at the shaft to realize the isolation between the encoder and the water environment. However, since the shaft of the encoder is rotating during the detection process, friction will be formed between the shaft and the sealing ring, and heat will be generated in the internal circuit of the encoder during the working process, which forms a large temperature difference with the external water environment. Long-term wear and tear and alternating cold and hot will reduce the service life of the sealing ring, thereby reducing the waterproof performance of the encoder. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a full waterproof encoder, which can improve the sealing performance and service life of the encoder.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions.

[0006] 1. A full waterproof encoder, comprising a sealed shell and an encoder main body, the sealed shell seals the encoder main body, and a magnetic coupling device is further arranged, the magnetic coupling device comprising an inner magnet, an outer magnet, an inner transmission shaft and an outer transmission shaft, the inner transmission shaft being located in the sealed shell, one end of the inner transmission shaft being connected to the encoder main body, and the other end of the inner transmission shaft being connected to the inner magnet; the outer transmission shaft being located outside the sealed shell, one end of the outer transmission shaft being connected to the outer magnet, and the other end of the outer transmission shaft being used as a detection connecting shaft of the encoder for connecting to a measured device;

[0007] When the outer transmission shaft rotates with the measured device, the outer magnet is driven to rotate, the inner magnet rotates synchronously with the outer magnet, and the inner transmission shaft is driven to rotate, so as to complete the measurement.

[0008] By setting the magnetic coupling device, the magnetic coupling method realizes motion transmission and physical isolation by using the interaction between non-contact magnetic fields. The penetrating property of the magnetic lines of force between the inner magnet and the outer magnet enables the inner magnet to rotate synchronously under the traction of the outer magnet, thus completing the real-time linkage between the external measured device and the internal sealed encoder. Therefore, the sealed shell can be made fully sealed, without the need to reserve a hole for the shaft to extend out, thus achieving better waterproof effect. The magnet can maintain the magnetic force for a long time without demagnetization, thus having a longer service life.

[0009] 2. The sealed encoder of claim 1, further comprising a heat dissipation mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism comprising a heat dissipation fan and heat dissipation fins, the heat dissipation fan being sleeved on the outer transmission shaft, and the heat dissipation fins being arranged outside the sealed shell to conduct the heat generated by the encoder main body in the sealed shell out, the outer transmission shaft rotating to drive the heat dissipation fan to rotate, so as to form a heat dissipation airflow to take away the heat accumulated in the heat dissipation fins.

[0010] The encoder main body has a circuit board and many electronic devices, which generate a large amount of heat during operation. The sealed shell blocks the heat in the encoder, and the long-term accumulation of heat will reduce the detection performance of the magnet and the encoder. By setting the heat dissipation fan and the heat dissipation fins, the internal heat is transferred to the heat dissipation fins, and the heat dissipation fan is driven to rotate by the outer transmission shaft during rotation, thereby taking away the heat accumulated in the heat dissipation fins and accelerating the heat dissipation inside the encoder.

[0011] 3. The sealed encoder of claim 1, wherein the magnetic coupling device further comprises a filter cover, the filter cover wrapping the outer magnet and the sealed shell to isolate the external magnetic substances.

[0012] In a workshop where a large amount of fine metal dust is generated during metal cutting, welding, grinding, etc., or in a mining area, the encoder installed on a mechanical arm or a numerical control machine tool is in a working environment with high metal density or containing magnetic substances. Since the magnet has a certain adsorption to the surrounding magnetic substances, metal impurities are easily adsorbed on the surface of the outer magnet or the sealed shell under the action of magnetism. The adsorption of magnetic substances on the outer magnet will change the local magnetic field distribution, thereby affecting the normal rotation of the outer transmission shaft. The adsorption of magnetic substances on the sealed shell will reduce the heat dissipation performance of the encoder. By adding the filter cover, the external magnetic substances can be isolated outside, effectively preventing the external magnetic substances from approaching the outer magnet and the sealed shell, so that the outer magnet can maintain normal rotation and ensure the measurement accuracy of the encoder.

[0013] 4. The sealed encoder of claim 3, wherein the magnetic coupling device further comprises a filter mechanism, the filter mechanism comprising a brush, a cleaning drive assembly, and the filter cover, the brush contacting the outer side surface of the filter cover, and the cleaning drive assembly being capable of driving the filter cover to rotate, so that the brush removes the impurities adhered to the outer side surface of the filter cover.

[0014] The magnetic material attached to the filter cover will increase under long-term work of the encoder, and then block the mesh of the filter cover, thereby blocking the heat dissipation channel. The cleaning assembly and the cleaning driving assembly are added, the filter cover is driven to rotate by the cleaning driving assembly, the filter cover disturbs the surrounding air or water flow, which can accelerate heat dissipation; at the same time, the rotation of the filter cover causes the relative movement between the filter cover and the brush, and the magnetic material attached to the surface of the filter cover is brushed off, so that the heat dissipation channel is maintained unobstructed, and a better heat dissipation effect is achieved.

[0015] 5. On the basis of technical solution 4, the cleaning driving assembly comprises a speed reduction gear set, and the speed reduction gear set is connected with the outer transmission shaft and the filter cover;

[0016] When the outer transmission shaft rotates with the measured device, the filter cover is driven to rotate through the speed reduction gear set.

[0017] When the outer transmission shaft is connected with the measured device, the rotation speed of the outer transmission shaft may be fast, but the filter cover does not need to rotate at high speed. If the filter cover is directly driven to rotate by the outer transmission shaft, the high speed will cause the brush to wear, thereby reducing the service life of the brush. By setting the speed reduction gear set, the high-speed rotation of the outer transmission shaft is converted into slow rotation of the filter cover through multi-stage speed reduction, so that flexible contact is formed between the filter cover and the brush, and the service life of the brush is greatly prolonged.

[0018] 6. On the basis of technical solution 2, a water level monitoring mechanism and a transmission switching mechanism are further included, the heat dissipation fan is connected to the outer transmission shaft through a bearing sleeve, the transmission switching mechanism is connected to the outer transmission shaft and is in transmission connection with the heat dissipation fan, and the outer transmission shaft drives the heat dissipation fan to rotate through the transmission switching mechanism,

[0019] The water level monitoring mechanism is connected with the transmission switching mechanism. When the water level reaches a first water level preset by the encoder, the water level monitoring mechanism drives the transmission switching mechanism to be disconnected from the heat dissipation fan, so that the heat dissipation fan does not rotate with the outer transmission shaft.

[0020] For the encoder working underwater, the water can absorb a large amount of heat of the heat dissipation fins, and the heat dissipation fan is not needed to assist heat dissipation. The rotation of the heat dissipation fan will disturb the surrounding water flow, which not only affects the working stability of the encoder, but also increases the working load of the heat dissipation fan due to the resistance of the water environment, thereby causing the encoder to generate more heat. The water level monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the water immersion condition of the encoder, the first water level is used as a reference point, and the on-off of the heat dissipation fan is controlled. When the water level in the encoder is higher than the first water level, the heat dissipation fan is disconnected from the outer transmission shaft and stops rotating, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the encoder.

[0021] 7. The technical solution of 6 further comprises a flow guide mechanism, the flow guide mechanism comprises a flow guide groove and a flow guide driving member, the flow guide driving member is rotatable around the sealed shell, the flow guide groove is fixed on the flow guide driving member, when the flow guide groove is located below the sealed shell and immersed in water, water flows into the flow guide groove, when the flow guide groove is rotated to above the sealed shell along with the flow guide driving member, water flows out of the flow guide groove and pours onto the radiating fins under the action of gravity.

[0022] When the water level reaches the first water level preset by the encoder, the transmission switching mechanism is disconnected from the radiating fan and connected with the flow guide driving member, the outer transmission shaft drives the flow guide driving member to rotate through the transmission switching mechanism, and the flow guide groove rotates to take water and pour it onto the radiating fins.

[0023] When the water level reaches the second water level preset by the encoder, the water level monitoring mechanism drives the transmission switching mechanism to disconnect from the flow guide driving member, so that neither the radiating fan nor the flow guide driving member rotates along with the outer transmission shaft.

[0024] The second water level is higher than the first water level.

[0025] If the encoder is only partially immersed in water, the radiating fins below the sealed shell are immersed in water, and the heat of the radiating fins is removed along with the water flow, while the radiating fins above the sealed shell are still in air, which is a poor conductor of heat, so the heat in the upper radiating fins is easily accumulated, causing the encoder to be in a cold and hot alternating environment, which easily leads to damage of internal devices. By providing the flow guide groove, water below is transported to the upper part and poured onto the radiating fins, effectively promoting the removal of heat from the upper radiating fins and ensuring the uniformity of the overall heat dissipation of the encoder.

[0026] 8. The technical solution of 7, wherein the water level monitoring mechanism comprises a buoyant block, the transmission switching mechanism comprises a transmission oil cylinder, a throttle pipe, an actuating oil cylinder and a switching spline, and the throttle pipe connects the transmission oil cylinder and the actuating oil cylinder.

[0027] The switching spline comprises an outer spline and an inner spline, the outer spline is connectable with the radiating fan or the flow guide driving member, the middle section of the outer transmission shaft serves as the inner spline, and the outer spline is slidable along the inner spline driven by the actuating oil cylinder.

[0028] The buoyant block is connected with the piston of the transmission oil cylinder, during the process of the buoyant block floating up as the water level rises, the outer spline is driven to slide in one direction through the transmission of the transmission oil cylinder, the throttle pipe and the actuating oil cylinder, and the outer spline is sequentially disconnected from the radiating fan, connected with the flow guide driving member and disconnected from the flow guide driving member.

[0029] By setting the transmission oil cylinder, the actuating oil cylinder and the throttle pipe, the water immersion condition of the current encoder can be accurately detected by using the floating property of the floating block on the water surface, the oil in the transmission oil cylinder is compressed by the floating block pushing the piston, and the kinetic energy of the external spline sliding is converted under the transmission of the oil cylinder, so that the switching between the switching spline and the cooling fan or the flow driving part can be accurately controlled. At the same time, the oil slowly flows in the throttle pipe, even if the floating block floats up and down on the water surface, the small throttle pipe will generate a large flow damping, the fluctuation of the liquid in the transmission oil cylinder is very slow and stable when transmitted to the actuating oil cylinder, so that the stability of the external spline sliding along the internal spline is improved.

[0030] 9. On the basis of technical scheme 8, the water level monitoring mechanism further comprises a limit spring ball, and the floating block is provided with a limit groove matched with the limit spring ball;

[0031] The encoder also has an initial water level, which is lower than the first water level, and the limit spring balls are arranged at the corresponding heights of the initial water level, the first water level and the second water level, when the floating block is located at the initial water level, the external spline is in transmission connection with the cooling fan, and the cooling fan rotates with the external transmission shaft.

[0032] Since the rising of the floating block is a continuous action process, when the external spline slides along the external transmission shaft, there is a situation that the external spline partially contacts with the cooling fan or the flow driving part and is not completely separated, in this state, the contact point between the spline teeth of the external spline and the cooling fan or the flow driving part becomes small, and the strong stress can damage the external spline. By matching the limit spring balls with the floating block at the initial water level, the first water level and the second water level, when the floating force acting on the floating block reaches a certain degree, the floating block jumps from a lower water level to a higher water level and then stops, so that the stable switching between the switching spline and the cooling fan or the flow driving part is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of the full waterproof encoder of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view after removing the filter cover;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the encoder body, the sealing shell, the magnetic coupling device and the cooling mechanism;

[0036] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 the sectional view of A-A direction;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of the cooling mechanism, the filtering mechanism and the flow guiding mechanism;

[0038] Figure 6Structure diagram of outer transmission shaft, water level monitoring mechanism and transmission switching mechanism;

[0039] Figure 7 Explosion diagram of outer transmission shaft, switching spline and actuating oil cylinder;

[0040] Figure 8 Sectional view of outer transmission shaft, switching spline and actuating oil cylinder;

[0041] Figure 9 Structure diagram of water level monitoring mechanism.

[0042] Reference signs are:

[0043] Encoder main body 1;

[0044] Sealed shell 2;

[0045] Magnetic coupling device 3, outer magnet 31, inner magnet 32, outer transmission shaft 33, inner transmission shaft 34, filter cover 351, brush 352, cleaning drive assembly 353, primary transmission gear 3531, speed reduction gear set 3532, cleaning drive gear 3533;

[0046] Heat dissipation mechanism 4, heat dissipation fan 41, bearing 411, heat dissipation fin 42;

[0047] Buoyancy block 51, limit spring ball 52;

[0048] Transmission switching mechanism 6, transmission oil cylinder 61, throttle pipe inlet 621, throttle pipe outlet 622, actuating oil cylinder 63, reset spring 631, switching spline 64, inner spline 641, outer spline 642;

[0049] Flow guide groove 71;

[0050] Fixed support 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0052] Reference signs are: Figures 1-4 The full waterproof encoder of the present embodiment comprises a sealed shell 2 and an encoder main body 1, the encoder main body 1 containing internal circuits and other components, and the sealed shell 2 sealing the encoder main body 1. Referring to Figures 3-4The encoder also has a magnetic coupling device 3, which includes an inner magnet 32, an outer magnet 31, an inner transmission shaft 34 and an outer transmission shaft 33. The inner transmission shaft 34 is located in the sealed shell 2, one end of which is connected to the encoder body 1, and the other end is connected to the inner magnet 32. The outer transmission shaft 33 is located outside the sealed shell 2, one end of which is connected to the outer magnet 31, and the other end is used as a detection connecting shaft of the encoder, which is used to connect with the measured equipment. When the outer transmission shaft 33 rotates with the measured equipment, the outer magnet 31 rotates, the inner magnet 32 rotates synchronously with the outer magnet 31, and the inner transmission shaft 34 rotates to complete the measurement. Because the magnetic coupling device 3 is used for transmission, the encoder body 1 which needs to be waterproof, such as electronic components including circuit boards, can be placed in the completely sealed sealed shell 2. The sealed shell 2 does not need to be provided with a hole for the rotating shaft to extend out, so the sealing performance and waterproof performance are better, and the service life of the magnet is much longer than that of the rubber sealing ring. Therefore, the service life of the encoder is also longer.

[0053] Because the sealed shell 2 completely seals the inner transmission shaft 34, the inner magnet 32 and the encoder body, the sealed shell 2 does not have any gap to allow the heat generated when the encoder body works to be discharged in time. Referring to Figures 2-4 The encoder also includes a heat dissipation mechanism 4, which includes a heat dissipation fan 41 and a heat dissipation fin 42. The heat dissipation fan 41 is sleeved on the outer transmission shaft 33, and the heat dissipation fin 42 is arranged outside the sealed shell 2 to conduct the heat generated by the encoder body 1 in the sealed shell 2 out. The outer transmission shaft 33 rotates to drive the heat dissipation fan 41 to rotate, so as to form a heat dissipation airflow to take away the heat of the heat dissipation fin 42, effectively removing the heat accumulated in the heat dissipation shell.

[0054] In a workshop where a large amount of fine metal dust is generated in metal cutting, welding, grinding and the like, or in a mining area, or in a working environment with high metal density or containing magnetic substances, the encoder installed on the mechanical arm or numerical control machine tool is in a working environment with high metal density or containing magnetic substances. Because the magnet has a certain adsorption to the surrounding magnetic substances, if the magnetic substances are adsorbed on the outer magnet 31, the local magnetic field distribution will be changed, thereby affecting the normal rotation of the rotating shaft, and the magnetic substances adsorbed on the sealed shell 2 will reduce the heat dissipation performance of the encoder. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The magnetic coupling device 3 also includes a filtering mechanism, which includes a brush 352, a cleaning drive assembly 353 and a filter cover 351. The filter cover 351 wraps the outer magnet 31 and the sealed shell 2, and only dense and small filter holes for air and water flow are provided on the filter cover 351 to isolate external magnetic substances. The encoder also has a fixed support 8, the brush 352 is fixed on the fixed support 8 and contacts the outer side surface of the filter cover 351, and the cleaning drive assembly 353 can drive the filter cover 351 to rotate. The brush 352 thus brushes off the impurities adhered to the outer side surface of the filter cover 351.

[0055] In combination Figure 1 and Figure 5 The cleaning drive assembly 353 comprises a primary transmission gear 3531, a reduction gear set 3532 and a cleaning drive gear 3533, the primary transmission gear 3531 is sleeved on the outer transmission shaft 33 and rotates synchronously with the outer transmission shaft 33, the cleaning drive gear 3533 is arranged on the filter cover 351, and the reduction gear set 3532 connects the primary transmission gear 3531 and the cleaning drive gear 3533. When the outer transmission shaft 33 rotates with the measured device, the primary transmission gear 3531 rotates synchronously, and after being decelerated by the multi-stage reduction gear set 3532, the primary transmission gear 3531 drives the cleaning drive gear 3533 to rotate, thereby driving the filter cover 351 to rotate. The multi-stage reduction transmission of the reduction gear set 3532 allows the filter cover 351 to rotate at a slower speed, which not only achieves the purpose of cleaning the outer side, but also reduces energy consumption and the load of the measured device.

[0056] For the encoder working underwater, water can absorb a large amount of heat of the heat dissipation fin 42, and the heat dissipation fan 41 does not need to assist heat dissipation, and the rotation of the heat dissipation fan 41 can disturb the surrounding water flow, which not only affects the working stability of the encoder, but also increases the working load of the heat dissipation fan 41 due to the resistance of the water environment, thereby increasing the load of the measured device. In combination Figures 6-9 , the encoder further comprises a water level monitoring mechanism and a transmission switching mechanism 6, the heat dissipation fan 41 is sleeved on the outer transmission shaft 33 through the bearing 411, the transmission switching mechanism 6 is sleeved on the outer transmission shaft 33 and is in transmission connection with the heat dissipation fan 41, the outer transmission shaft 33 drives the heat dissipation fan 41 to rotate through the transmission switching mechanism 6, and the water level monitoring mechanism is connected with the transmission switching mechanism 6. When the water level reaches a first water level preset by the encoder, the water level monitoring mechanism drives the transmission switching mechanism 6 to be disconnected from the transmission connection with the heat dissipation fan 41, so that the heat dissipation fan 41 does not rotate with the outer transmission shaft 33. The water immersion condition of the encoder is monitored in time through the water level monitoring mechanism, and when the water level in the encoder is higher than the first water level, the heat dissipation fan 41 is disconnected from the outer transmission shaft 33 and stops rotating, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the encoder.

[0057] In combination Figure 5 , the encoder further comprises a flow guide mechanism, the flow guide mechanism comprises a flow guide groove 71 and a flow guide driving member, the flow guide driving member is rotatable around the sealing shell 2, and the flow guide groove 71 is fixed on the flow guide driving member. When the flow guide groove 71 is located below the sealing shell 2 and immersed in water, water flows into the flow guide groove 71, and when the flow guide groove 71 rotates to above the sealing shell 2 with the flow guide driving member, water flows out of the flow guide groove 71 under the action of gravity and pours onto the heat dissipation fin 42. In the embodiment, the filter cover 351 serves as the flow guide driving member, the flow guide groove 71 is arranged on the inner side surface of the filter cover 351, and the filter cover 351 rotates by being driven by the transmission switching mechanism 6.

[0058] Specifically, referring to Figures 6-8The water level monitoring mechanism includes a buoyancy block 51, and the transmission switching mechanism 6 includes a transmission cylinder 61, a throttle pipe (not shown in the figure), an actuation cylinder 63, a switching spline 64, and a return spring 631. The throttle pipe connects the transmission cylinder 61 and the actuation cylinder 63. The switching spline 64 includes an external spline 642 and an internal spline 641, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, both the cooling fan 41 and the filter cover 351 are equipped with corresponding gear structures. The external spline 642 can be driven and connected to the cooling fan 41 or the filter cover 351 (gear meshing). The middle section of the external drive shaft 33 serves as the internal spline 641, which is provided with a sliding groove. The external spline 642 is sleeved on the internal spline 641, and a corresponding slider is provided to engage in the aforementioned sliding groove. The external spline 642 can be driven by the actuating cylinder 63 to slide along the internal spline 641. Figure 5 and Figure 7 The primary transmission gear 3531 can be considered as part of the external spline 642. See also... Figures 6-7 The two ends of the throttling pipe are connected to the throttling pipe inlet 621 and the throttling pipe outlet 622, respectively. The buoyancy block 51 is connected to the piston of the transmission cylinder 61. During the process of the water level rising and the buoyancy block 51 floating, it presses the oil in the transmission cylinder 61. The oil enters the throttling pipe along the throttling pipe inlet 621 and flows into the actuation cylinder 63 from the throttling pipe outlet 622. The oil in the actuation cylinder 63 increases, pushing the external spline 642 to slide in one direction. The external spline 642 is thus disengaged from the transmission connection of the cooling fan 41 (when the water level rises to the first water level), connected to the transmission connection of the filter cover 351 (when the water level rises to the first water level), and disengaged from the transmission connection of the filter cover 351 (when the water level rises to the second water level). When the water level drops, the buoyancy block 51 loses its buoyancy support, and the return spring 631 pulls the external spline 642 to reset. The external spline 642 compresses the oil in the actuation cylinder 63, pushing it back into the transmission cylinder 61 along the throttle tube. The oil in the transmission cylinder 61 increases, pressing the buoyancy block 51 downward to reset. By setting up the transmission cylinder 61, the actuation cylinder 63, and the throttle tube, and utilizing the property of the buoyancy block 51 floating on the water surface, the buoyancy block 51 compresses the oil inside the transmission cylinder 61, which is then converted into the kinetic energy of the external spline 642 sliding under the transmission of the cylinder. This allows for accurate control of the switching between the spline 64 and the cooling fan 41 or the filter cover 351. At the same time, the throttling pipe adopts a small diameter to reduce the flow rate of the oil, so that the actuating cylinder 63 can only move slowly. Even if the buoyancy block 51 floats up and down on the water surface, the fluctuation of the liquid in the transmission cylinder 61 is transmitted to the actuating cylinder 63 very slowly and smoothly, thereby improving the stability of the external spline 642 sliding along the internal spline 641, and preventing it from frequently connecting or disconnecting from the cooling fan 41 or the filter cover 351 due to water surface fluctuations.

[0059] Because the floating block 51 rises in a continuous action process, when the external spline 642 slides along the external transmission shaft 33, there is a situation that the external spline 642 is partially in contact with the cooling fan 41 or the filter cover 351 and not completely separated, in this state, the contact point between the spline teeth of the external spline 642 and the cooling fan 41 or the filter cover 351 is small, and strong stress can damage the external spline 642. Figure 9 The water level monitoring mechanism further comprises a limiting spring ball 52 arranged on the fixed support 8, and the floating block 51 is provided with a limiting groove matched with the limiting spring ball 52. The encoder is further provided with an initial water level and a second water level, which are sequentially distributed from low to high, and the corresponding water surface positions of the initial water level, the first water level and the second water level are each provided with a limiting spring ball 52 corresponding thereto. When the horizontal surface does not contact the cooling fins 42 below, the floating block 51 is located on the initial water level, the external spline 642 is in transmission connection with the cooling fan 41, and the cooling fan 41 rotates with the external transmission shaft 33. When the water level reaches the first water level preset by the encoder, the transmission switching mechanism 6 is disconnected from the transmission connection with the cooling fan 41 and is in transmission connection with the filter cover 351, the external transmission shaft 33 drives the filter cover 351 to rotate through the transmission switching mechanism 6, and the guide groove 71 rotates to pour water to the cooling fins 42. When the water level reaches the second water level preset by the encoder, the water level monitoring mechanism drives the transmission switching mechanism 6 to disconnect from the transmission connection with the filter cover 351, so that the cooling fan 41 and the filter cover 351 do not rotate with the external transmission shaft 33. By presetting the initial water level, the first water level and the second water level, and arranging the limiting spring ball 52 corresponding to the floating block 51, when the floating force acting on the floating block 51 reaches a certain degree, the floating block 51 jumps from a lower water level to a higher water level and then stops, thereby realizing stable switching between the switching spline 64 and the cooling fan 41 or the filter cover 351.

[0060] The overall working process of the full waterproof encoder is as follows:

[0061] After the external transmission shaft 33 of the encoder is connected with the measured device, the external transmission shaft 33 rotates with the measured device, driving the external magnet 31 to rotate, under the magnetic coupling effect, the internal magnet 32 rotates synchronously with the external magnet 31, thereby driving the internal transmission shaft 34 to rotate, and the encoder body receives and processes the rotation data of the internal transmission shaft 34, thereby realizing the measurement of the measured device.

[0062] When the horizontal plane does not contact the lower heat sink 42, the buoyant blocks 51 are all clamped on the limiting spring ball 52 at the initial water level, the external spline 642 is in transmission connection with the heat dissipation fan 41, and the heat dissipation fan 41 rotates with the outer transmission shaft 33; as the water level rises, the buoyant force on the buoyant blocks 51 increases to overcome the clamping force of the limiting spring ball 52, the buoyant blocks 51 rise and are clamped into the limiting spring ball 52 at the first water level, the transmission switching mechanism 6 is in transmission connection with the filter cover 351, and the heat dissipation fan 41 stops rotating at this time; the guide groove 71 rotates with the filter cover 351, and the water below the sealed shell 2 is transported to the upper part of the sealed shell 2 and poured onto the upper heat sink 42; as the water level continues to rise, the buoyant blocks 51 rise and are clamped into the limiting spring ball 52 at the second water level, and are in transmission connection with the filter cover 351, so that the heat dissipation fan 41 and the filter cover 351 do not rotate with the outer transmission shaft 33. When the water level drops, the reset spring 631 in the actuating oil cylinder 63 pulls the external spline 642 back to the original position, the external spline 642 extrudes the oil in the actuating oil cylinder 63 along the throttle pipe and back into the transmission oil cylinder 61, and the oil in the transmission oil cylinder 61 pushes the buoyant blocks 51 to drop.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A fully waterproof encoder comprising a sealed housing and an encoder body, the sealed housing sealing the encoder body within, characterized in that: The magnetic coupling device comprises an inner magnet, an outer magnet, an inner transmission shaft and an outer transmission shaft. The inner transmission shaft is located in the sealed shell and connected with the encoder main body at one end and the inner magnet at the other end. The outer transmission shaft is located outside the sealed shell and connected with the outer magnet at one end and the detection connecting shaft of the encoder at the other end. When the outer transmission shaft rotates with the measured equipment, the outer magnet rotates, the inner magnet rotates synchronously with the outer magnet, and the inner transmission shaft rotates to complete the measurement. The heat dissipation mechanism comprises a heat dissipation fan and a heat dissipation fin. The heat dissipation fan is sleeved on the outer transmission shaft, and the heat dissipation fin is arranged outside the sealed shell to conduct the heat generated by the encoder main body in the sealed shell. When the outer transmission shaft rotates, the heat dissipation fan rotates to form a heat dissipation airflow to take away the heat of the heat dissipation fin. The water level monitoring mechanism and the transmission switching mechanism are connected. When the water level reaches the first water level preset by the encoder, the water level monitoring mechanism drives the transmission switching mechanism to be disconnected from the heat dissipation fan to make the heat dissipation fan not rotate with the outer transmission shaft. The water level monitoring mechanism and the transmission switching mechanism are connected. When the water level reaches the first water level preset by the encoder, the water level monitoring mechanism drives the transmission switching mechanism to be disconnected from the heat dissipation fan to make the heat dissipation fan not rotate with the outer transmission shaft. The water level monitoring mechanism and the transmission switching mechanism are connected. When the water level reaches the first water level preset by the encoder, the water level monitoring mechanism drives the transmission switching mechanism to be disconnected from the heat dissipation fan to make the heat dissipation fan not rotate with the outer transmission shaft. The second water level is higher than the first water level. The magnetic coupling device further comprises a filter cover, which wraps the outer magnet and the sealed shell to isolate external magnetic substances. The magnetic coupling device further comprises a filter mechanism, which comprises a brush, a cleaning drive assembly and the filter cover. The brush contacts the outer side of the filter cover, and the cleaning drive assembly can drive the filter cover to rotate. The brush removes impurities adhered to the outer side of the filter cover.

2. The fully waterproof encoder of claim 1, wherein: The cleaning drive assembly comprises a speed reduction gear set, which connects the outer transmission shaft and the filter cover.

3. The fully waterproof encoder of claim 2, wherein: When the outer transmission shaft rotates with the measured equipment, the filter cover rotates through the speed reduction gear set.

4. The fully waterproof encoder of claim 3, wherein: The water level monitoring mechanism comprises a buoyant block, and the transmission switching mechanism comprises a transmission oil cylinder, a throttle pipe, an actuating oil cylinder and a switching spline. The throttle pipe connects the transmission oil cylinder and the actuating oil cylinder. ​ 5. The fully waterproof encoder of claim 1, wherein: ​ The switching spline comprises an outer spline and an inner spline, the outer spline is in transmission connection with the heat dissipation fan or the flow guide driving member, the middle section of the outer transmission shaft is the inner spline, and the outer spline is driven by the actuating oil cylinder to slide along the inner spline; The piston of the transmission oil cylinder is connected with the buoyant block. During the floating of the buoyant block with the rising of the water level, the outer spline is driven to slide in one direction through the transmission of the transmission oil cylinder, the throttle pipe and the actuating oil cylinder, and the outer spline is sequentially disconnected from the heat dissipation fan, connected with the flow guide driving member and disconnected from the flow guide driving member.

6. The fully waterproof encoder of claim 5, wherein: The water level monitoring mechanism further comprises a limiting spring ball, and the buoyant block is provided with a limiting groove matched with the limiting spring ball; The encoder is further provided with an initial water level, the initial water level is lower than the first water level, limiting spring balls are arranged at the corresponding heights of the initial water level, the first water level and the second water level, when the buoyant block is located at the initial water level, the outer spline is in transmission connection with the heat dissipation fan, and the heat dissipation fan rotates with the outer transmission shaft.

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