An intelligent driving control method and system for swing fuses

Abstract

This invention provides an intelligent drive control method and system for a swing-type fuse, relating to the field of fuse control technology. The method includes the following steps: determining whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position; if the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position, then by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator, determining whether the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state; if the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state, then by sending a pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator to control the electric actuator to perform a preset action, and after the electric actuator performs the preset action, determining again whether the fuse tube has successfully fully unlocked; if the fuse tube has not successfully fully unlocked, then executing an anomaly feedback. The method of this invention aims to solve the problem of a "false fully unlocked" state that may occur during the unlocking process of existing swing-type fuses, leading to difficulties in removing the fuse tube, inconvenient operation, and potential damage to the equipment, thereby improving the reliability and maintenance efficiency of fuse unlocking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuse control technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent drive control method and system for a swing-type fuse. Background Technology

[0002] In modern power systems, an intelligent fuse control method is widely used to ensure power continuity and improve operation and maintenance efficiency. This method uses an electric actuator to separate the fuse from the contacts, and cleverly utilizes a gear mechanism to swing the fuse and front cover downwards while simultaneously causing the fuse to rotate eccentrically, thus achieving complete separation of the fuse from the front cover, reaching a so-called "fully unlocked" state. When it is necessary to reconnect the circuit, the gear mechanism reverses its action, driving the fuse and front cover to swing upwards, allowing the fuse to re-engage the contacts and complete the closing operation. The entire process is precisely managed by an internal electronic control unit and relies on various sensors to confirm the completion of each step.

[0003] However, in actual operation, these smart fuses are constantly exposed to industrial environments, and despite protective measures, they still face some challenges. For example, during the initial system design phase, one or more position sensors are typically installed to confirm whether the fuse has completely detached from the front cover. These sensors, which may be microswitches, photoelectric sensors, or Hall effect sensors, are installed in specific locations inside the fuse to detect whether the fuse tube has reached a preset "fully unlocked" endpoint after completing its eccentric rotation. The control system relies on the feedback signals from these sensors to determine whether the fuse is truly in a safe replacement state and sends the corresponding status information to a remote monitoring center.

[0004] With long-term operation of fuses in the field, and repeated opening, unlocking, and closing operations, their internal mechanical transmission components, especially the gear sets, linkage mechanisms, and pivot points that drive the fuse tube's oscillation and eccentric rotation, inevitably bear continuous mechanical forces. These forces, accumulated over time, can lead to bearing wear, increased gear meshing clearance, or loosening of linkage connections. Furthermore, slight vibrations encountered during operation, such as vibrations from nearby heavy machinery, and the thermal expansion and contraction effects of periodic and drastic changes in ambient temperature, further exacerbate the microscopic deformation and positional drift of these mechanical components. A deeper reason lies in the fact that minute tolerances, difficult to completely eliminate during manufacturing and assembly, gradually accumulate and manifest under the long-term influence of these external factors. This accumulated deviation is not immediate damage to the component, but a gradual, imperceptible change in mechanical state, causing an extremely subtle but crucial deviation from the ideal state in the initial design when determining its trajectory or final stopping position. For example, the actual centerline of the fuse tube during oscillation and rotation may no longer coincide perfectly with the theoretical centerline, or the final angle of its rotation may differ slightly from the preset value.

[0005] Specifically, regarding the "fully unlocked" process of the fuse, this slight mechanical offset presents a potential problem. When the gear mechanism drives the fuse tube to swing downwards and rotate eccentrically to separate it from the front cover, due to the aforementioned accumulated mechanical deviation, the relative position between the fuse tube and the front cover may have subtly changed by the time it reaches its theoretically "fully unlocked" position. This means the fuse tube may not be completely and thoroughly disengaged from the front cover's latches, guide grooves, or edge structures. It may still have slight mechanical interference with some part of the front cover, such as the latches not being fully released, additional frictional resistance in the guide grooves, or even just being held in contact by minimal residual friction. However, the position sensor used to detect the "fully unlocked" state, such as a simple limit switch, is typically set to trigger when the fuse tube reaches a preset physical position. Due to the mechanical deviation, the fuse tube may touch the sensor's trigger point before all mechanical restraints are completely released, sending a "fuse fully unlocked" signal to the control system. The transmission of this signal is based on the arrival at a physical location, rather than on the actual state of mechanical separation, thus causing inconsistency between the information and the actual situation.

[0006] Upon receiving the "fully unlocked" signal, the control system naturally assumes the fuse is completely free and safe for replacement, accurately reporting this status to the remote monitoring center. However, when on-site maintenance personnel, following remote system instructions, go to the fuse station to replace the fuse, they find the fuse tube cannot be removed as smoothly and easily as expected. Slight interference or residual friction between the fuse tube and the front cover makes removal exceptionally difficult, requiring extra effort from the maintenance personnel. In this situation, to complete the task, maintenance personnel often subconsciously apply excessive force beyond the normal operating range to pull out the fuse. This forced operation beyond the design tolerance is highly likely to cause structural damage to the fuse tube itself, such as rupture of its insulating sleeve, deformation of the contacts, or, more seriously, irreversible mechanical damage to the fuse's internal precision gear transmission mechanism, bearings, connecting rods, drive shafts, or the fixing structure of the front cover. These damages may not immediately cause fuse failure because the electrical path may still be intact, but they significantly shorten the expected lifespan of the equipment and increase the risk of future failures. For example, a damaged transmission mechanism may jam, make abnormal noises, or even completely fail to operate during subsequent closing or opening operations, causing the entire intelligent control system to malfunction and fail to execute commands. Worse still, this mechanical damage is often hidden and difficult to detect through conventional remote monitoring methods, only becoming apparent when the equipment completely fails. This "false full unlock" state not only fails to achieve the original intention of the intelligent control system to improve operational efficiency and convenience, but also introduces new, difficult-to-detect potential risks, posing serious hidden dangers to the long-term reliable operation and maintenance of power grid equipment, and increasing the likelihood of unplanned downtime and repair costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent drive control method and system for swing fuses, which aims to solve the problem of "false full unlocking" state that may occur during the unlocking process of existing swing fuses, which makes it difficult to remove the fuse tube, inconvenient to operate, and may cause potential damage to the equipment, thereby improving the reliability and maintenance efficiency of fuse unlocking.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse, which includes an electric push rod, a gear, a fuse tube and a front cover. The electric push rod is used to drive the gear to rotate so that the gear drives the fuse tube and the front cover to swing down synchronously, thereby unlocking the fuse tube.

[0009] The intelligent drive control method for swing-type fuses includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. Control the unlocking fuse tube and determine whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position;

[0011] S2. If it is determined that the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position, then by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator, it can be determined whether the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state.

[0012] S3. If it is determined that the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state, a pulse width modulation signal is sent to the electric actuator to control the electric actuator to perform a preset action. After the electric actuator performs the preset action, the current characteristics of the electric actuator are analyzed again to determine whether the fuse has been successfully fully unlocked.

[0013] S4. If it is determined that the fuse tube has not been fully unlocked, then execute the exception feedback.

[0014] The intelligent drive control method for swing-type fuses provided by this invention can effectively identify and handle the "false full unlock" state of the fuse tube, avoiding the operational difficulties and equipment damage caused by misjudgment by traditional position sensors, thereby improving the reliability and maintenance efficiency of fuse unlocking.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides an intelligent drive control system for a swing-type fuse, which is used for a swing-type fuse. The swing-type fuse includes an electric push rod, a gear, a fuse tube and a front cover. The electric push rod is used to drive the gear to rotate so that the gear drives the fuse tube and the front cover to swing down synchronously, thereby unlocking the fuse tube.

[0016] The intelligent drive control system for swing-type fuses includes:

[0017] The judgment module is used to control the unlocking of the fuse tube and determine whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position;

[0018] The analysis module is used to determine whether the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator if the fuse tube is determined to have reached the theoretical fully unlocked position.

[0019] The control module is used to send a pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator to control the electric actuator to perform a preset action if it is determined that the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state. After the electric actuator performs the preset action, the module analyzes the current characteristics of the electric actuator to determine whether the fuse has been successfully fully unlocked.

[0020] The feedback module is used to execute an exception feedback if it is determined that the fuse tube has not been successfully fully unlocked.

[0021] As can be seen from the above, the intelligent drive control method for swing-type fuses provided by this invention solves the problem of "false full unlocking" caused by relying solely on position sensors to determine whether the fuse tube is fully unlocked in existing technologies by introducing analysis of the current characteristics of the electric actuator. Specifically, when the fuse tube reaches the theoretical fully unlocked position, this method further analyzes the current characteristics of the electric actuator to determine whether there is still mechanical interference or residual friction in the fuse tube, i.e., whether it is in a false full unlocking state. If a false full unlocking state is detected, the system will send a pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator to control the electric actuator to perform a preset action, such as fine adjustment or jitter, to release the jam, and then determine again whether full unlocking is successful after the action. If it is still unsuccessful, an abnormal feedback is executed. In this way, this application can effectively identify and handle the "false full unlocking" state of the fuse tube, avoiding the need for maintenance personnel to forcibly operate when replacing the fuse tube because it is difficult to remove it, thereby reducing mechanical damage to components such as the fuse tube and gear transmission mechanism, extending the service life of the equipment, reducing the risk of failure, and significantly improving the operation and maintenance efficiency and reliability of the fuse.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing embodiments of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the swing-type fuse in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a swing-type fuse intelligent drive control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Label Explanation:

[0027] 1. Electric actuator; 2. Gear; 3. Fuse tube; 4. Front cover; 100. Judgment module; 200. Analysis module; 300. Control module; 400. Feedback module. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Reference Appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 This invention provides an intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse, which is used for a swing-type fuse (generally having the functions of temperature measurement, current monitoring, fuse tube position positioning and AI intelligent monitoring camera). The swing-type fuse includes an electric push rod 1, a gear 2, a fuse tube 3 and a front cover 4. The electric push rod 1 is used to drive the gear 2 to rotate so that the gear 2 drives the fuse tube 3 and the front cover 4 to swing down synchronously, thereby unlocking the fuse tube 3.

[0031] The intelligent drive control method for swing-type fuses includes the following steps:

[0032] S1. Control the unlocking fuse tube and determine whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position;

[0033] S2. If it is determined that the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position, then by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator, it can be determined whether the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state.

[0034] S3. If it is determined that the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state, a pulse width modulation signal is sent to the electric actuator to control the electric actuator to perform a preset action. After the electric actuator performs the preset action, the current characteristics of the electric actuator are analyzed again to determine whether the fuse has been successfully fully unlocked.

[0035] S4. If it is determined that the fuse tube has not been fully unlocked, then execute the exception feedback.

[0036] This application, by introducing the analysis of the current characteristics of the electric actuator, can accurately identify the "false full unlock" state of the fuse tube and adopt targeted drive control strategies, effectively avoiding the potential risks caused by misjudgment by traditional position sensors, thereby significantly improving the reliability and safety of fuse unlocking and protecting the equipment from unnecessary mechanical damage.

[0037] The core of the intelligent drive control method for swing-type fuses proposed in this application lies in the refined control and status judgment of the fuse tube unlocking process.

[0038] In step S1, the electric actuator is first controlled to drive the gear to rotate, causing the fuse tube and the front cover to swing down synchronously to unlock the fuse tube. During this process, it is necessary to determine whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position. This can be achieved in several ways. For example, a microswitch can be installed at the end of the fuse tube's swing path. When the fuse tube swings to its position and presses down the microswitch, the microswitch triggers a signal indicating that the fuse tube has reached the preset physical endpoint. Another method is to use a photoelectric through-beam sensor, installed on the fuse tube's swing path. When the fuse tube reaches the preset position, it blocks the light path of the photoelectric sensor, thereby triggering a signal indicating that the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position. Alternatively, a Hall effect sensor can be used to determine whether the theoretical fully unlocked position has been reached by detecting changes in the position of the magnetic element on the fuse tube. These sensors provide a preliminary, physical position-based judgment, which forms the basis for subsequent, more refined judgments.

[0039] In step S2, if it is determined that the fuse has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position, the current characteristics of the electric actuator are analyzed to determine whether the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state. During operation, the current characteristics of the electric actuator are affected by the load. When the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state, even if the position sensor indicates it is in position, the electric actuator still needs to overcome additional resistance due to slight mechanical interference or residual friction, which will be reflected in its operating current. For example, this can be achieved by collecting and analyzing the operating current data of the electric actuator. A simple analysis method is to continuously collect the operating current data of the electric actuator after the fuse reaches the theoretical fully unlocked position and calculate the standard deviation of this data within a preset time window. If the fuse is fully unlocked, the load on the electric actuator will suddenly decrease, the current will tend to stabilize, and the standard deviation will be small. Conversely, if a false fully unlocked state exists, the current may fluctuate or remain at a high level, resulting in a large standard deviation. By comparing the calculated standard deviation with a preset threshold, it is possible to preliminarily determine whether the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state.

[0040] In step S3, if the fuse is determined to be in a false fully unlocked state, a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal is sent to the electric actuator to control it to perform a preset action. These preset actions are designed to release the false fully unlocked state through mechanical vibration, impact, or fine-tuning. For example, a short reverse PWM signal can be sent to cause the electric actuator to move in the opposite direction momentarily, followed immediately by a positive PWM signal to restore its forward movement. This "pulling" action helps to break the slight adhesion or jamming between the fuse and the front cover. Another approach is to send a series of PWM signals with specific frequencies and amplitudes to cause the electric actuator to perform reciprocating micro-movements, thereby loosening the jamming point through mechanical resonance or vibration. After the electric actuator performs the preset action, the current characteristics of the electric actuator need to be analyzed again to determine whether the fuse has been successfully fully unlocked. This is similar to the current characteristic analysis method in step S2; by detecting changes in the current characteristics again, it can be verified whether the preset action has effectively released the false fully unlocked state.

[0041] In step S4, if it is determined that the fuse tube has not been successfully fully unlocked, an anomaly feedback is executed. The purpose of the anomaly feedback is to promptly notify maintenance personnel or the system that there is an unsolvable unlocking problem. For example, a preset alarm device in the swing fuse can be controlled to issue an alarm signal, such as emitting sound and flashing lights through an audible and visual alarm, to attract the attention of maintenance personnel. Simultaneously, the presence of maintenance personnel within a preset range can be detected, for example, by acquiring the identification signal of authorized personnel within the preset range through a wireless communication module or RFID reader, and determining the presence of authorized maintenance personnel based on these signals. If maintenance personnel are not detected within the preset range within a specified time limit, the alarm device can be controlled to switch from a high-power mode to a low-power mode to issue an alarm signal, thereby saving energy. If maintenance personnel are detected within the preset range, the alarm device is controlled to switch from a low-power mode to a high-power mode and issue an alarm signal, ensuring that maintenance personnel can promptly detect and handle the problem.

[0042] The intelligent drive control method for swing-type fuses proposed in this application effectively solves the "false full unlocking" problem that may occur during the unlocking process of traditional fuses through multi-level judgment and targeted control strategies. First, in step S1, the system uses a position sensor to initially determine whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position. This step is fundamental, ensuring that the fuse tube is physically close to the unlocked state. However, considering the influence of mechanical deviation and residual friction, the position sensor alone is insufficient to guarantee complete unlocking. Therefore, in step S2, the analysis of the current characteristics of the electric actuator is introduced. When the fuse tube reaches the theoretical fully unlocked position, the system collects the operating current data of the electric actuator and analyzes its characteristics. If the fuse tube has slight jamming or adhesion, the current characteristics of the electric actuator will differ from those when fully unlocked, for example, the current fluctuation will increase or remain at a high level. Through this current characteristic analysis, the system can identify the "false full unlocking" state, thereby avoiding the potential risks caused by misjudgment by the position sensor in traditional methods.

[0043] Once a "false full unlock" state is identified, the system employs a targeted drive control strategy in step S3. By sending a pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator, the system controls the actuator to perform preset actions, such as momentary reverse motion, reciprocating micro-motion, or continuous forward motion. These preset actions aim to release the jamming or adhesion between the fuse tube and the front cover through mechanical impact, vibration, or continuous force. For example, for slight adhesion, a short reverse pulse can quickly break the adhesive connection using inertial force; for minor jamming points, reciprocating micro-motion can help release the adhesion using mechanical resonance or slight vibration. After executing the preset actions, the system again analyzes the current characteristics of the electric actuator to determine whether the fuse tube has been successfully fully unlocked. This determination mechanism ensures the effectiveness of the preset actions and avoids blind operation. If the fuse tube is successfully fully unlocked, the entire unlocking process is completed smoothly.

[0044] However, if the fuse fails to fully unlock after the preset actions, the system will perform an anomaly feedback in step S4. This includes immediately controlling the alarm device to issue a high-power alarm signal and detecting whether maintenance personnel are present within a preset range. If maintenance personnel are present, the alarm will remain in high-power mode to attract attention; if maintenance personnel are not present, the alarm will switch to low-power mode to save energy, and will switch back to high-power mode when maintenance personnel are detected. This anomaly feedback mechanism ensures timely human intervention when the problem cannot be resolved automatically, thereby avoiding equipment damage and safety hazards.

[0045] In summary, this application organically combines position sensor judgment, electric actuator current characteristic analysis, targeted drive control, and anomaly feedback mechanism to form a closed-loop intelligent drive control method. The various technical features work together to solve the problem of "false full unlocking" in traditional fuse unlocking processes, significantly improving the reliability, security, and maintenance efficiency of fuse unlocking.

[0046] The core innovation of the intelligent drive control method for swing-type fuses proposed in this application lies in the introduction of analysis of the current characteristics of the electric actuator to accurately identify the "false fully unlocked" state of the fuse tube, and to adopt targeted drive control strategies based on this. Compared with the closest existing technology, which relies solely on position sensors to determine whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position, this application has significant advantages and progress.

[0047] In traditional methods, position sensors (such as microswitches or photoelectric sensors) can only detect whether the fuse has reached a preset physical endpoint. However, as described in the background section, due to factors such as mechanical wear, increased clearance, and environmental changes, even if the fuse reaches the physical endpoint, there may be slight mechanical interference or residual friction, leading to a "false full unlock." In this situation, traditional systems may misjudge that the fuse has been safely unlocked, potentially causing maintenance personnel to forcibly operate the fuse during replacement, resulting in irreversible mechanical damage to the equipment.

[0048] This application, by further analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator based on position sensor judgment, effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional methods. When the electric actuator overcomes mechanical interference or friction, its operating current exhibits specific characteristics, such as current fluctuations, peak value changes, or abnormal decay rates. This application utilizes these current characteristics, through calculating the standard deviation or more refined current waveform analysis, to determine whether the fuse is in a "false fully unlocked" state. This judgment based on current characteristics can more accurately reflect the actual unlocking status of the fuse, avoiding the limitations of judging solely by physical position.

[0049] Furthermore, after identifying a "false full unlock" state, this application can take different preset actions depending on the specific situation, such as instantaneous reverse movement, reciprocating micro-motion, or continuous forward movement. These actions are designed to address different types of jamming or adhesion problems and can effectively release the false full unlock state through mechanical impact, vibration, or continuous force. This intelligent drive control strategy is not available in traditional methods. Traditional methods stop driving once they determine that the state is "fully unlocked," and cannot intervene in the false full unlock state.

[0050] Finally, this application also introduces an anomaly feedback mechanism, which can promptly issue an alarm and detect the presence of maintenance personnel when full unlocking fails, thereby ensuring that the problem can be addressed in a timely manner. This comprehensive control and feedback mechanism significantly improves the reliability and security of fuse unlocking, effectively protects the equipment from unnecessary mechanical damage, extends the equipment's service life, and reduces operational risks. Therefore, this application demonstrates significant technological progress and innovation in solving the "false full unlocking" problem.

[0051] In some embodiments, the specific steps in step S2 include:

[0052] S21. After determining that the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position, collect the operating current data of the electric actuator;

[0053] S22. Calculate the standard deviation of the operating current data within a preset time window based on the operating current data;

[0054] S23. By comparing the standard deviation and the preset threshold, determine whether the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state.

[0055] Specifically, after determining that the fuse has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position, it is necessary to collect the operating current data of the electric actuator. This operating current data refers to the amount of current consumed by the electric actuator when attempting or maintaining the unlocked state of the fuse, reflecting the workload and operating status of the electric actuator. The operating current data can be monitored and acquired in real time by a current sensor installed in the power supply circuit of the electric actuator, the purpose of which is to provide the original data basis for subsequent judgment of false fully unlocked states.

[0056] Furthermore, based on the collected operating current data, it is necessary to calculate the standard deviation of the operating current data within a preset time window. The preset time window refers to a continuous time interval, such as tens to hundreds of milliseconds, used to extract a segment of operating current data for analysis. Standard deviation, as a statistical indicator, measures the dispersion of data points relative to the mean. When the fuse tube exhibits false jamming or abnormalities at the theoretically fully unlocked position, the operating current of the electric actuator often shows unstable fluctuations, such as frequent changes in the current value within a certain range, rather than a stable or rapid decrease. By calculating the standard deviation, the degree of such current fluctuations can be quantified, thereby effectively capturing current anomalies caused by changes in mechanical resistance, friction, etc.

[0057] Subsequently, by comparing the calculated standard deviation with a preset threshold, it can be determined whether the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state. The preset threshold is a reference value determined based on a large amount of experimental data and actual operating experience. It is used to distinguish between current fluctuations in the normal unlocked state and abnormal fluctuations in the false fully unlocked state. For example, if the calculated standard deviation is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that there are significant fluctuations in the operating current of the electric actuator. This usually means that the fuse has not fully unlocked smoothly at the theoretical fully unlocked position, and there may be some form of jamming or obstruction, i.e., it is in a false fully unlocked state. Conversely, if the standard deviation is less than or equal to the preset threshold, it indicates that the current fluctuation is within the normal range, and the fuse is judged to have been successfully fully unlocked.

[0058] This application's solution, by introducing analysis of the standard deviation of the electric actuator's operating current data, can more precisely identify the false fully unlocked state of the fuse. When the fuse encounters slight jamming, abnormal friction, or adhesion at the theoretical fully unlocked position, the electric actuator's drive current will exhibit fluctuation characteristics different from the normal unlocked state in order to overcome these resistances. Traditional simple current threshold judgment may not be able to distinguish these subtle current changes, easily misjudging false fully unlocking as normal unlocking. However, by collecting the electric actuator's operating current data and calculating its standard deviation within a preset time window, the degree of current fluctuation can be quantified. A higher standard deviation value indicates greater current instability, which is precisely the manifestation of the electric actuator being subjected to continuous or intermittent force in the false fully unlocked state. Therefore, by comparing this standard deviation with a preset threshold, it is possible to effectively distinguish whether the fuse has truly reached a smooth fully unlocked state, thereby avoiding potential risks caused by misjudgment.

[0059] Through the above technical solution, this application can significantly improve the accuracy and robustness of identifying false fully unlocked states during the unlocking process of a swing-type fuse. Compared to relying solely on position sensors or simple current threshold judgments, introducing current standard deviation analysis can more sensitively capture the current fluctuation characteristics of the electric actuator when overcoming minor resistance, thereby effectively avoiding misjudging a partially unlocked fuse tube as fully unlocked. This not only helps to promptly detect and resolve potential mechanical faults or jamming problems, ensuring that the fuse can reliably unlock when needed, but also provides a more accurate basis for subsequent intelligent interventions (such as the preset actions described in step S3 above), thereby improving the reliability and safety of the entire fuse intelligent drive control system.

[0060] In some preferred embodiments, a specific example is given below. Suppose that during the unlocking operation of a swing-type fuse, after the fuse tube reaches the theoretically fully unlocked position, slight sediment buildup or residual friction prevents it from swinging smoothly to its intended position. At this point, the position sensor may have already triggered a signal indicating that the fuse tube has reached the preset physical endpoint. However, the electric actuator is actually still applying a weak force to overcome the residual resistance. To accurately determine this false fully unlocked state, the control system initiates step S21, which uses a current sensor to collect the operating current data of the electric actuator in real time. For example, within a preset time window of 100 milliseconds after the fuse tube reaches the theoretically fully unlocked position, the system continuously collects current data points. Subsequently, in step S22, based on these collected current data, the standard deviation within the 100-millisecond time window is calculated. If there is slight jamming in the fuse tube, the current of the electric actuator may fluctuate slightly between 0.5A and 0.7A, and the calculated standard deviation may be 0.08A. In step S23, the standard deviation of 0.08A is compared with a preset threshold (e.g., 0.05A). Since 0.08A is greater than 0.05A, the system determines that the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state, thereby triggering subsequent preset actions to resolve the problem. In this way, even if the position sensor has given an "unlock" signal, the system can identify potential incomplete unlocking through detailed analysis of the current characteristics.

[0061] In some embodiments, false full unlocking states include strong adhesion, sediment buildup, and cold welding. Compared to simply determining whether a false full unlocking state exists, this solution can identify the specific fault type (such as strong adhesion, sediment buildup, or cold welding), thus providing a clear direction for subsequent troubleshooting. This precise fault classification helps the system select the most appropriate correction strategy, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and potential damage to the electric actuator, significantly improving the success rate of fuse tube full unlocking and the reliability of the system.

[0062] In some embodiments, the specific steps in step S2 include:

[0063] If the peak value of the pulse of the electric actuator operating current is greater than the maximum value of the preset current range, the pulse duration is less than the minimum value of the preset time range, and the proportion of high frequency components is greater than the preset proportion, then the fuse tube is determined to be in a strong adhesive state.

[0064] If the peak value of the pulse of the electric actuator operating current is less than the minimum value of the preset current range, and the pulse duration is within the preset time range, and the proportion of low frequency components is greater than the preset proportion, then it is determined that the fuse tube is in a state of sediment accumulation.

[0065] If the peak value of the pulse of the electric actuator's operating current is within the preset current range, and the pulse duration is greater than the maximum value of the preset time range, and the decay rate of the operating current is less than the preset rate, then the fuse tube is determined to be in a cold welding state.

[0066] Specifically, the pulse peak value of the electric linear actuator's operating current refers to the maximum instantaneous value reached by the electric linear actuator's operating current during the driving process. This value reflects the instantaneous driving force required by the electric linear actuator to overcome resistance. The preset current range is the current peak range set based on the rated parameters and normal operating experience of the electric linear actuator. The pulse duration refers to the length of time from the start to the end of the electric linear actuator's current pulse, reflecting the duration of continuous operation of the electric linear actuator under specific resistance. The preset time range is the time duration range set based on the normal operating characteristics and fault mode experience of the electric linear actuator. The high-frequency component proportion refers to the proportion of high-frequency components in the total spectral energy of the electric linear actuator's operating current signal after spectral analysis, usually related to rapidly changing mechanical shocks or vibrations. The low-frequency component proportion refers to the proportion of low-frequency components in the total spectral energy of the current signal, usually related to continuous friction or slow resistance changes. The preset proportion is an empirical or theoretical threshold proportion used to distinguish between different fault states of high-frequency or low-frequency components. The decay rate of the operating current refers to the rate at which the operating current of the electric actuator drops from its peak value to a stable value or zero value when the drive stops or the resistance suddenly decreases. The rate of decay can reflect the persistence of the resistance or the characteristics of energy dissipation.

[0067] This application's solution, through comprehensive analysis of multiple characteristic parameters of the electric actuator's operating current, can accurately identify different types of false full unlocking states. Specifically, when the fuse tube is in a strongly bonded state, the electric actuator needs to overcome a huge instantaneous adhesive force, which leads to an abnormally high pulse peak of the operating current. Furthermore, due to the possibility of sudden breakage of the bond or the actuator's inability to move within a short time, the pulse duration will be relatively short. Simultaneously, this sudden impact and breakage process generates a large amount of high-frequency vibration, significantly increasing the proportion of high-frequency components. When the fuse tube is in a state of sediment accumulation, there is continuous frictional resistance between the fuse tube and the front cover. Although the resistance is not as instantaneously huge as in the strongly bonded state when the electric actuator unlocks, it persists, resulting in a potentially lower current pulse peak, but the duration may be within a preset range. This continuous friction generates relatively stable resistance, increasing the proportion of low-frequency components in the current signal. When the fuse tube is in a cold-welded state, a microscopic metal bond occurs between the fuse tube and the front cover. When the electric push rod unlocks, it needs to overcome a continuous and unbreakable resistance. The current pulse peak may be within the preset range, but because it requires a long period of continuous force to overcome the cold weld, the pulse duration is abnormally long. In addition, the release of the cold weld is a slow process, and the current decay rate will be significantly slower.

[0068] The above technical solution enables a more refined classification and diagnosis of the false fully unlocked state of the fuse tube. Compared to simply determining whether it is in a false fully unlocked state, this solution can accurately distinguish between strong adhesion, sludge accumulation, and cold welding states based on characteristics such as the pulse peak value, pulse duration, high-frequency component ratio, low-frequency component ratio, and current decay rate of the electric actuator's operating current. This refined diagnosis provides crucial information for subsequent targeted unlocking strategies, significantly improving the success rate of fault handling and helping to avoid secondary damage to the swing fuse caused by blindly applying excessive or improper driving force, thereby improving equipment reliability and maintenance efficiency.

[0069] In some embodiments, the specific steps in step S3 include:

[0070] S3A1. If it is determined that the fuse tube is in a strongly bonded state, firstly, by sending a first pulse width modulation signal set according to a first duty cycle and a first duration to the electric actuator, the electric actuator is controlled to perform an instantaneous reverse movement. Then, by sending a second pulse width modulation signal set according to a second duty cycle and a second duration to the electric actuator, the electric actuator is controlled to perform a forward movement. Wherein, the first duty cycle is less than the second duty cycle, and the first duration is less than the second duration.

[0071] S3B1. If it is determined that the fuse tube is in a state of sediment accumulation, the electric actuator is controlled to perform reciprocating motion with a frequency of 2-3 Hz and a displacement amplitude of 2-5 mm and intermittent pauses by sending a third pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator.

[0072] S3C1. If it is determined that the fuse tube is in a cold welding state, the electric actuator is controlled to maintain positive movement by sending a fourth pulse width modulation signal set according to the third duty cycle to the electric actuator, and the operating current of the electric actuator is monitored in real time to ensure that the operating current does not exceed 1.2 times the rated current of the electric actuator.

[0073] Specifically, when the fuse tube is in a strongly bonded state, it exhibits a strong adhesive connection between the fuse tube and the front cover, requiring a large instantaneous force to overcome. To address this, this application employs a combined "pull and impact" strategy. First, a first pulse width modulation signal with a small first duty cycle and a short first duration is sent to the electric actuator to control it to perform an instantaneous reverse motion. This instantaneous reverse motion aims to generate a rapid pulling force, initially loosening the bonded joint. Subsequently, a second pulse width modulation signal with a larger second duty cycle and a longer second duration is immediately sent to control the electric actuator to perform a forward motion, thereby generating a strong impact force. This combination of pull and impact effectively utilizes inertial force to quickly and forcefully break the strongly bonded connection, avoiding component damage that might result from prolonged continuous stress.

[0074] In this application, when the fuse tube is in a state of sediment accumulation, the presence of minute particles or deposits between the fuse tube and the front cover causes slight jamming. To address this, the application sends a third pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator, controlling it to perform reciprocating motion at a specific frequency and amplitude, supplemented by intermittent pauses. Specifically, the electric actuator oscillates repeatedly within a small range at a frequency of 2-3 Hz and a displacement amplitude of 2-5 mm, pausing periodically. This reciprocating motion generates a mechanical resonance effect or slight vibration, helping to "shake off" or "disperse" the accumulated sediment particles, dislodging them from the jamming point. The intermittent pauses provide time for these viscous substances to relax and redistribute, further promoting the release of the jam.

[0075] In practical applications, when the fuse tube is in a cold-welded state, it exhibits a localized "welding" phenomenon between the fuse tube and the front cover due to prolonged contact or microscopic oxidation, requiring continuous and stable thrust for separation. To address this, this application controls the electric actuator to maintain forward movement by sending a fourth pulse width modulation signal set according to a third duty cycle. During this process, the system monitors the operating current of the electric actuator in real time. This monitoring aims to ensure that the operating current of the electric actuator does not exceed 1.2 times its rated current when overcoming the cold-welding resistance. By limiting the current, sufficient thrust can be provided while effectively protecting the electric actuator from overload damage, ensuring its long-term stable operation.

[0076] This application's solution effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional universal preset actions in handling complex faults by finely classifying pseudo-fully unlocked states and designing customized drive control strategies for each state. Specifically, for strongly bonded states, the combination of instantaneous reverse pulling and forward impact utilizes the principles of momentum and inertia. By applying forces in opposite directions for a short period, it rapidly disrupts the molecular bonds of the adhesive connections, avoiding stress concentration and component deformation that may result from continuous force in a single direction. For silt accumulation states, the reciprocating motion and intermittent pauses of the electric actuator introduce periodic mechanical vibration and relaxation time, effectively disturbing and redistributing particles adhering between the fuse tube and the front cover, thereby releasing minor jamming. For cold welding states, continuous forward motion combined with real-time current monitoring ensures sufficient separation force while precisely controlling the output power of the electric actuator to avoid potential damage to the actuator due to overload, maximizing unlocking efficiency within a safe range.

[0077] Through the above technical solutions, this application can significantly improve the unlocking success rate and efficiency of swing fuses when encountering a false fully unlocked state. Compared with the traditional method using a single general action, this application provides precise and efficient solutions for different fault modes such as strong adhesion, mud and sand accumulation, and cold welding, avoiding secondary damage caused by misjudgment or improper operation. In addition, the real-time current monitoring mechanism effectively ensures the operational safety and service life of the electric actuator when handling the cold welding state, thereby improving the reliability and maintenance convenience of the entire intelligent drive control system for swing fuses.

[0078] In some preferred embodiments, this application is implemented as follows:

[0079] When the system analyzes the current characteristics of the electric actuator and determines that the fuse tube is in a strongly bonded state—for example, detecting that after the electric actuator reaches the theoretical fully unlocked position, its operating current exhibits a short-duration high pulse peak and rapid decay, indicating the presence of instantaneous high resistance—the control module first sends a first pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the electric actuator. This signal is set to a 10% duty cycle and a duration of 50 milliseconds, causing the electric actuator to perform a rapid reverse movement, generating an instantaneous pulling force. Immediately following, a second PWM signal is sent, set to an 80% duty cycle and a duration of 200 milliseconds, causing the electric actuator to perform a strong forward movement, creating an impact. This combination of rapid pulling and impact effectively breaks the strong bond between the fuse tube and the front cover.

[0080] For example, when the system determines that the fuse tube is in a state of sediment accumulation, such as detecting a slight fluctuation and mild oscillation in the operating current of the electric actuator near the theoretical fully unlocked position, indicating minor friction or jamming, the control module sends a third pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator, controlling it to perform reciprocating motion at a frequency of 2.5 Hz and a displacement amplitude of 3 mm, pausing for 1 second after every 5 reciprocating motions. This rhythmic reciprocating motion and intermittent pauses effectively shake off or disperse the accumulated sediment, releasing the fuse tube from jamming.

[0081] Specifically, when the system determines that the fuse tube is in a cold-welded state—for example, detecting that the electric actuator's operating current remains high near the theoretical fully unlocked position but has not reached the overload threshold, and the actuator moves slowly, indicating continuous resistance—the control module sends a fourth pulse width modulation signal set with a 70% duty cycle to the electric actuator to maintain positive movement. During this process, the system monitors the electric actuator's operating current in real time and compares it to 1.2 times the actuator's rated current (e.g., if the rated current is 5A, the upper limit is 6A). Once the operating current approaches or exceeds this upper limit, the system immediately adjusts the pulse width modulation signal to reduce the output power, ensuring that the electric actuator overcomes the cold-welded resistance without being damaged by overload.

[0082] In some embodiments, the specific steps in step S4 include:

[0083] S41. If it is determined that the fuse tube has not been successfully fully unlocked, immediately control the preset alarm device in the swing fuse to send an alarm signal to the outside in high power mode, and detect whether there are maintenance personnel within the preset range;

[0084] S42. If maintenance personnel are not detected within the preset range within the specified time limit, the alarm device shall be controlled to issue an alarm signal in low power mode.

[0085] S43. If maintenance personnel are detected within the preset range, the alarm device is controlled to switch from low power mode to high power mode and an alarm signal is sent out (this can reduce energy consumption, especially suitable for battery-powered fuses).

[0086] Specifically, in step S41, when the fuse tube fails to fully unlock, the swing-type fuse immediately controls a preset alarm device to issue an alarm signal. This alarm device can be one or more combined devices, such as an audible and visual alarm, a wireless communication module (e.g., LoRa, NB-IoT module), or a satellite communication module, used to send fault information to the external environment or a remote monitoring center. The "high-power mode" refers to the alarm device operating at its maximum power or high intensity; for example, the audible and visual alarm sounds at maximum volume and brightness, or the wireless communication module sends data packets at high frequency and high power to ensure immediate attention. Simultaneously, the system detects the presence of maintenance personnel within a preset range. This can be achieved through various technologies, such as using an RFID reader to read the RFID tags worn by maintenance personnel, detecting the mobile device signals of maintenance personnel via Bluetooth or UWB (Ultra-Wideband) positioning technology, or analyzing monitoring footage using image recognition technology.

[0087] Furthermore, in step S42, if maintenance personnel are not detected within a preset time limit (e.g., 5 minutes, 10 minutes, or longer, depending on the application scenario and response requirements), the alarm device will be controlled to switch to a low-power mode. This "low-power mode" aims to save energy; for example, the audible and visual alarm can reduce its volume and brightness, or operate with intermittent flashing and beeping; the wireless communication module can reduce its data transmission frequency or switch to a low-power communication protocol. This is to extend the operating time of the alarm device in the absence of a response, preventing alarm interruption due to power depletion.

[0088] Furthermore, in step S43, once the system detects the presence of maintenance personnel within a preset range, the alarm device immediately switches from low-power mode to high-power mode and issues an alarm signal. This operation ensures that maintenance personnel can clearly and promptly receive fault alarms upon arrival at the site, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of on-site maintenance.

[0089] This application's solution effectively addresses the issues of high energy consumption and delayed maintenance response inherent in basic solutions by introducing a dynamic alarm mode adjustment mechanism. Specifically, when a fuse fails to fully unlock, the system initially issues an alarm in high-power mode to immediately draw attention and prompt a rapid response from maintenance personnel. If no response is received within a specified timeframe, the system intelligently switches the alarm mode to low-power mode. This significantly reduces energy consumption, which is particularly important for battery-powered swing fuses, thereby extending the device's standby time and alarm duration. Once maintenance personnel are detected entering a preset area, the alarm mode immediately reverts to high power mode, ensuring that maintenance personnel can quickly locate and address the fault. This dynamic switching mechanism achieves an optimized balance between energy efficiency and maintenance response speed by intelligently managing the power consumption of the alarm device and combining it with real-time monitoring of maintenance personnel presence.

[0090] Through the above technical solution, this application can significantly optimize the abnormal feedback mechanism of the swing fuse when a fault occurs. Firstly, by switching to a low-power mode when no one is responding, the energy consumption of the alarm device is effectively reduced, extending the battery life of the battery-powered fuse and preventing alarm interruption due to power depletion, thereby improving system reliability. Secondly, by detecting the presence of maintenance personnel in real time and dynamically adjusting the alarm mode, the most direct and effective alarm prompts are ensured when maintenance personnel arrive on site, greatly improving the timeliness and efficiency of fault handling. This intelligent abnormal feedback strategy not only saves operating costs but also provides strong support for the remote deployment and long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0091] In some preferred embodiments, assuming a swing-type fuse is deployed in a remote, unattended power substation, the fuse is primarily powered by an internal battery. When the fuse fails to fully unlock for some reason, the fuse's internal control system immediately activates an alarm. Specifically, a high-brightness LED flashlight and a high-decibel buzzer operate at maximum power, while the built-in NB-IoT communication module sends a fault alarm message to a remote monitoring center once per minute. If the system fails to detect any authorized maintenance personnel's UWB tag signal via its integrated UWB positioning module within the next 10 minutes, the LED flashlight's brightness is reduced to 20% of its initial brightness, the buzzer switches to an intermittent mode of sounding once every 30 seconds, and the NB-IoT module's transmission frequency is reduced to once per hour, thereby significantly reducing overall power consumption. However, once an authorized maintenance personnel carrying a UWB tag enters the substation's preset range (e.g., within 50 meters), the UWB module detects their signal, and the LED flash and buzzer immediately return to high-power mode. The NB-IoT module also reverts to high-frequency transmission mode, ensuring that maintenance personnel can quickly detect faults and take appropriate measures. This dynamically adjusted alarm mechanism not only ensures timely fault notification but also effectively extends battery life and reduces maintenance costs.

[0092] In some embodiments, step S41, detecting whether maintenance personnel are present within a preset range, includes:

[0093] S411. Obtain the identification signal of authorized personnel within a preset range;

[0094] S412. Determine whether authorized maintenance personnel exist within the preset range based on the identification signal.

[0095] Specifically, the identification signal can be understood as an electronic or physical signal that can uniquely identify a specific person. For example, it could be a radio signal emitted by an RFID tag worn by maintenance personnel, a Bluetooth beacon signal, an NFC signal, or feature data obtained through biometric technologies (such as fingerprints or facial recognition). These signals are captured by receiving modules or sensors pre-programmed into the intelligent drive control system of the swing fuse. The pre-programmed range refers to a specific area around the fuse, such as a radius of 5 or 10 meters from the fuse, which can be configured according to the actual deployment environment and requirements. Authorized personnel refer to professionals who have been pre-registered and certified by the system and have the authority to operate or maintain the swing fuse. Determining whether authorized maintenance personnel exist within the pre-programmed range involves comparing the acquired identification signal with the authorized personnel identity information stored in the system to confirm whether the individual currently within the pre-programmed range is an authorized maintenance personnel.

[0096] This application's solution achieves accurate identification of maintenance personnel by acquiring their identification signals within a preset range and determining the presence of authorized maintenance personnel based on these signals. This mechanism ensures that the system will only adjust the alarm mode when qualified professionals are present, avoiding unnecessary alarm responses triggered by the presence of unauthorized or irrelevant personnel. By acquiring identification signals, the system can establish a reliable identity verification chain, making the anomaly feedback process more intelligent and precise.

[0097] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problems of false alarms or inaccurate responses that may exist in traditional detection methods. By identifying authorized maintenance personnel, the system can more intelligently determine whether to switch to a high-power alarm mode, thereby optimizing the allocation of alarm resources and reducing unnecessary energy consumption. This is especially beneficial for battery-powered fuses, significantly extending their battery life. Furthermore, this precise identification mechanism also enhances system security, ensuring that only qualified personnel can intervene in abnormal situations, thus avoiding potential operational risks.

[0098] Reference Appendix Figure 3 The present invention provides an intelligent drive control system for a swing fuse (the intelligent drive control system for the swing fuse adopts the intelligent drive control method for the swing fuse described in the above embodiment, and the specific process is referred to the corresponding steps above), for a swing fuse. The swing fuse includes an electric push rod, a gear, a fuse tube and a front cover. The electric push rod is used to drive the gear to rotate so that the gear drives the fuse tube and the front cover to swing down synchronously, thereby unlocking the fuse tube.

[0099] The intelligent drive control system for swing-type fuses includes:

[0100] The judgment module 100 is used to control the unlocking fuse tube and determine whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position.

[0101] Analysis module 200 is used to determine whether the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator if the fuse tube is determined to have reached the theoretical fully unlocked position.

[0102] The control module 300 is used to send a pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator to control the electric actuator to perform a preset action if it is determined that the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state. After the electric actuator performs the preset action, the control module 300 analyzes the current characteristics of the electric actuator to determine whether the fuse tube has been successfully fully unlocked.

[0103] Feedback module 400 is used to execute abnormal feedback if it is determined that the fuse tube has not been successfully fully unlocked.

[0104] The judgment module controls the unlocking of the fuse and determines whether the fuse has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position. Specifically, the judgment module can be configured to receive signals from position sensors (such as microswitches, photoelectric sensors, or Hall sensors) and determine the physical position of the fuse based on these signals. For example, the judgment module can simply determine whether the fuse has reached a preset endpoint by detecting the on / off state of the microswitch, or determine whether the optical path is blocked by analyzing the intensity of the light signal received by the photoelectric sensor. The specific implementation of determining whether the fuse has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position has been described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. It is important to emphasize that the judgment module is the foundation for the entire system to perform subsequent current characteristic analysis and intelligent control.

[0105] The analysis module's function is to determine whether the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator if the fuse is determined to be in the theoretical fully unlocked position. Specifically, the analysis module can be configured to collect the operating current data of the electric actuator in real time. For example, the analysis module can simply compare the current value with a preset normal operating current range to determine if there is an anomaly, or calculate the average, maximum, or minimum current values ​​to preliminarily assess the load condition. The specific implementation method of determining whether the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator has already been described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It is important to emphasize that the analysis module is the key to identifying the "false fully unlocked" state, and it compensates for the shortcomings of simple position sensor judgment.

[0106] The control module's function is to send a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the electric actuator to execute a preset action if the fuse is determined to be in a false fully unlocked state. After the electric actuator executes the preset action, the module analyzes the current characteristics of the electric actuator again to determine whether the fuse has been successfully fully unlocked. Specifically, the control module can be configured to generate and send a specific PWM signal based on the analysis module's judgment result. For example, the control module can simply send a pulse signal with a fixed duty cycle and duration to cause the electric actuator to perform a short impact action, or send a continuous positive pulse signal to maintain thrust. The specific implementation method of controlling the electric actuator to execute the preset action has been described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. It should be emphasized that the control module is the core execution unit for releasing the "false fully unlocked" state.

[0107] The feedback module's function is to execute an anomaly feedback if it determines that the fuse has not been fully unlocked. Specifically, the feedback module can be configured to drive an alarm device to issue an alarm signal, such as by controlling a buzzer to sound or controlling an indicator light to flash. The feedback module can also be configured to send an anomaly report to a remote monitoring system so that maintenance personnel can obtain information through a remote interface. The specific implementation method for executing anomaly feedback has been described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. It is important to emphasize that the feedback module is a crucial guarantee for ensuring that the system can promptly notify human intervention when it cannot automatically resolve the problem.

[0108] In some embodiments, the analysis module 200 is executed when determining whether the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator if the fuse is determined to have reached the theoretical fully unlocked position:

[0109] If the peak value of the pulse of the electric actuator operating current is greater than the maximum value of the preset current range, the pulse duration is less than the minimum value of the preset time range, and the proportion of high frequency components is greater than the preset proportion, then the fuse tube is determined to be in a strong adhesive state.

[0110] If the peak value of the pulse of the electric actuator operating current is less than the minimum value of the preset current range, and the pulse duration is within the preset time range, and the proportion of low frequency components is greater than the preset proportion, then it is determined that the fuse tube is in a state of sediment accumulation.

[0111] If the peak value of the pulse of the electric actuator's operating current is within the preset current range, and the pulse duration is greater than the maximum value of the preset time range, and the decay rate of the operating current is less than the preset rate, then the fuse tube is determined to be in a cold welding state.

[0112] In some embodiments, the control module 300 performs the following actions when it determines that the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state: It sends a pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator to control the electric actuator to perform a preset action.

[0113] S3A1. If it is determined that the fuse tube is in a strongly bonded state, firstly, by sending a first pulse width modulation signal set according to a first duty cycle and a first duration to the electric actuator, the electric actuator is controlled to perform an instantaneous reverse movement. Then, by sending a second pulse width modulation signal set according to a second duty cycle and a second duration to the electric actuator, the electric actuator is controlled to perform a forward movement. Wherein, the first duty cycle is less than the second duty cycle, and the first duration is less than the second duration.

[0114] S3B1. If it is determined that the fuse tube is in a state of sediment accumulation, the electric actuator is controlled to perform reciprocating motion and intermittent pauses by sending a third pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator.

[0115] S3C1. If it is determined that the fuse tube is in a cold welding state, the electric actuator is controlled to maintain positive movement by sending a fourth pulse width modulation signal set according to the third duty cycle to the electric actuator, and the operating current of the electric actuator is monitored in real time to ensure that the operating current does not exceed 1.2 times the rated current of the electric actuator.

[0116] In some embodiments, the feedback module 400 performs the following when it is determined that the fuse tube has not been successfully fully unlocked:

[0117] S41. If it is determined that the fuse tube has not been successfully fully unlocked, immediately control the preset alarm device in the swing fuse to send an alarm signal to the outside in high power mode, and detect whether there are maintenance personnel within the preset range;

[0118] S42. If maintenance personnel are not detected within the preset range within the specified time limit, the alarm device shall be controlled to issue an alarm signal in low power mode.

[0119] S43. If maintenance personnel are detected within the preset range, the alarm device is controlled to switch from low power mode to high power mode and an alarm signal is sent to the outside.

[0120] In some embodiments, the feedback module 400 is executed when detecting the presence of maintenance personnel within a preset range:

[0121] S411. Obtain the identification signal of authorized personnel within a preset range;

[0122] S412. Determine whether authorized maintenance personnel exist within the preset range based on the identification signal.

[0123] In this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0124] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart drive control method for a swing-type fuse, used in a swing-type fuse, characterized in that, The swing-type fuse includes an electric actuator, a gear, a fuse tube, and a front cover. The electric actuator is used to drive the gear to rotate so that the gear drives the fuse tube and the front cover to swing down synchronously, thereby unlocking the fuse tube. The intelligent drive control method for swing-type fuses includes the following steps: S1. Control the unlocking fuse tube and determine whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position; S2. If it is determined that the fuse has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position, then by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator, it is determined whether the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state. The specific steps include: S21. After determining that the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position, collect the operating current data of the electric actuator; S22. Calculate the standard deviation of the operating current data within a preset time window based on the operating current data; S23. By comparing the standard deviation with the preset threshold, determine whether the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state; S3. If it is determined that the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state, a pulse width modulation signal is sent to the electric actuator to control the electric actuator to perform a preset action. After the electric actuator performs the preset action, the current characteristics of the electric actuator are analyzed again to determine whether the fuse has been successfully fully unlocked. S4. If it is determined that the fuse tube has not been fully unlocked, then execute the exception feedback.

2. The intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pseudo-fully unlocked state includes the strong adhesive state, the mud and sand accumulation state, and the cold welding state.

3. The intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps in step S2 include: If the peak value of the pulse of the electric actuator operating current is greater than the maximum value of the preset current range, the pulse duration is less than the minimum value of the preset time range, and the proportion of high-frequency components is greater than the preset proportion, then the fuse tube is determined to be in a strong adhesive state. If the peak value of the pulse of the electric actuator operating current is less than the minimum value of the preset current range, and the pulse duration is within the preset time range, and the proportion of low frequency components is greater than the preset proportion, then it is determined that the fuse tube is in a state of sediment accumulation. If the peak value of the pulse of the electric actuator's operating current is within the preset current range, the pulse duration is greater than the maximum value of the preset time range, and the decay rate of the operating current is less than the preset rate, then the fuse tube is determined to be in a cold welding state.

4. The intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps in step S3 include: S3A1. If it is determined that the fuse tube is in a strongly bonded state, firstly, by sending a first pulse width modulation signal set according to a first duty cycle and a first duration to the electric actuator, the electric actuator is controlled to perform an instantaneous reverse movement. Then, by sending a second pulse width modulation signal set according to a second duty cycle and a second duration to the electric actuator, the electric actuator is controlled to perform a forward movement. Wherein, the first duty cycle is less than the second duty cycle, and the first duration is less than the second duration.

5. The intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps in step S3 include: S3B1. If it is determined that the fuse tube is in a state of sediment accumulation, the electric actuator is controlled to perform reciprocating motion and intermittent pauses by sending a third pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator.

6. The intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps in step S3 include: S3C1. If it is determined that the fuse tube is in a cold welding state, the electric actuator is controlled to maintain positive movement by sending a fourth pulse width modulation signal set according to the third duty cycle to the electric actuator, and the operating current of the electric actuator is monitored in real time to ensure that the operating current does not exceed 1.2 times the rated current of the electric actuator.

7. The intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps in step S4 include: S41. If it is determined that the fuse tube has not been fully unlocked, immediately control the preset alarm device in the swing fuse to send an alarm signal to the outside in high power mode, and detect whether there are maintenance personnel within the preset range; S42. If maintenance personnel are not detected within the preset range within the specified time limit, the alarm device shall be controlled to issue an alarm signal in low power mode. S43. If maintenance personnel are detected within the preset range, the alarm device is controlled to switch from low power mode to high power mode and an alarm signal is sent to the outside.

8. The intelligent drive control method for a swing-type fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S41, the step of detecting whether maintenance personnel are present within the preset range, includes: S411. Obtain the identification signal of authorized personnel within a preset range; S412. Determine whether authorized maintenance personnel exist within the preset range based on the identification signal.

9. A smart drive control system for a swing-type fuse employing the smart drive control method for a swing-type fuse as described in any one of claims 1-8, for use with a swing-type fuse, characterized in that, The swing-type fuse includes an electric actuator, a gear, a fuse tube, and a front cover. The electric actuator is used to drive the gear to rotate so that the gear drives the fuse tube and the front cover to swing down synchronously, thereby unlocking the fuse tube. The intelligent drive control system for swing-type fuses includes: The judgment module is used to control the unlocking of the fuse tube and determine whether the fuse tube has reached the theoretical fully unlocked position; The analysis module is used to determine whether the fuse tube is in a false fully unlocked state by analyzing the current characteristics of the electric actuator if the fuse tube is determined to have reached the theoretical fully unlocked position. The control module is used to send a pulse width modulation signal to the electric actuator to control the electric actuator to perform a preset action if it is determined that the fuse is in a false fully unlocked state. After the electric actuator performs the preset action, the module analyzes the current characteristics of the electric actuator to determine whether the fuse has been successfully fully unlocked. The feedback module is used to execute an exception feedback if it is determined that the fuse tube has not been successfully fully unlocked.

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