Irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of motor technology, and more particularly to an irregularly shaped stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor made of hybrid materials. The motor comprises: an irregularly shaped stator; and a multi-layer rotor disposed inside the irregularly shaped stator to improve torque output. The rotor includes a main permanent magnet layer for converting the electrical energy of the irregularly shaped stator into mechanical energy, and an auxiliary permanent magnet layer connected to the main permanent magnet layer to increase the density of the effective air gap magnetic circuit. The main permanent magnet layer includes a first main permanent magnet and a second main permanent magnet, which cooperate to form an axisymmetric air gap magnetic field, thereby converting the radial magnetic flux generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet layer and the axial magnetic flux generated by the main permanent magnet layer into a three-dimensional decoupled state. The auxiliary permanent magnet layer includes several auxiliary permanent magnets and magnetic conductors. This invention achieves increased torque output and reduced torque ripple within the same motor footprint.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to an irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials. Background Technology

[0002] A U-shaped iron core single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor consists of a stator made of stacked U-shaped silicon steel sheets and a rotor made of parallel magnetized cylindrical magnets. This type of motor is characterized by its simple structure, low cost, and long service life, and has been widely used in low-power drives in recent years. To address the problems of arbitrary starting direction and dead zone in single-phase U-shaped motors, irregular stator and rotor structures are often designed to change the magnetic reluctance. To address the problems of low starting torque and large torque pulsation, multi-layer parallel magnetized rotor structures are often designed for research on two-phase and even multi-phase motors. Regardless of whether it is a stepped stator structure or a rotor structure composed of multiple sector combinations, it will affect the shape of the effective air gap between the stator and rotor, causing greater torque pulsation. Under the same volume, compared with single-phase U-shaped motors, multi-phase motors inevitably suffer from reduced output torque and lower torque density due to the reduction in the amount of permanent magnets.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118337015A discloses a novel axial-radial multi-sided excitation permanent magnet direct drive motor, comprising: an intermediate stator, an axial rotor, a radial rotor, a support shaft, and bearings. The stator is coaxially located inside the radial rotor and includes a stator core and an armature winding. The radial rotor adopts an external rotor structure, including a rotor core and rotor permanent magnets, with the permanent magnets mounted in an alternating pole configuration. Axial rotors are respectively provided on the left and right sides along the axial direction, coaxially and parallel to the stator, with an air gap between them. An air gap also exists between the stator and the radial rotor. The support shaft serves to support and fix the stator. Bearings are added between the support shaft and the axial rotors, allowing the axial rotors to rotate while the support shaft remains stationary. The axial rotors and radial rotors are connected by a mechanical structure made of non-magnetic material to achieve superposition of rotor output. The armature winding is wound on the stator in the form of a ring winding, so that a single winding can simultaneously link with both radial and axial magnetic fields. This invention employs a composite motor structure combining axial and radial magnetic flux, which can achieve high electromagnetic space utilization and high torque density, thereby improving its torque output capability and meeting the industrial application requirements for low-speed, high-torque direct-drive motors. However, it is evident that the novel axial-radial multi-sided excitation permanent magnet direct-drive motor suffers from the problem of leakage magnetic interference from the radial rotor affecting the effective distribution of the axial magnetic field, resulting in local magnetic field cancellation and weakening the overall air gap magnetic field strength. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address this issue, the present invention provides an irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials, which overcomes the problem in the prior art where leakage magnetic interference from the radial rotor causes effective distribution of the axial magnetic field, resulting in local magnetic field cancellation and thus weakening the overall air gap magnetic field strength.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of mixed materials, comprising: an irregular stator, including a first irregular stator disposed on one side of a rotor support and a second irregular stator disposed away from the rotor support and parallel to the first irregular stator, wherein the first irregular stator and the second irregular stator are both U-shaped;

[0006] A multi-layer rotor, disposed inside the irregularly shaped stator to improve torque output, includes a main permanent magnet layer for converting the electrical energy of the irregularly shaped stator into mechanical energy, and an auxiliary permanent magnet layer movably connected to the main permanent magnet layer to increase the density of the effective air gap magnetic circuit.

[0007] The main permanent magnet layer includes a first main permanent magnet sleeved in a first constraint slot of the first irregular stator and a second main permanent magnet sleeved in a second constraint slot of the second irregular stator. The first main permanent magnet and the second main permanent magnet cooperate with each other to form an axisymmetric air gap magnetic field, so that the radial magnetic flux generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet layer and the axial magnetic flux generated by the main permanent magnet layer are transformed into a three-dimensional decoupled state.

[0008] The auxiliary permanent magnet layer includes a plurality of auxiliary permanent magnets disposed between the first main permanent magnet and the second main permanent magnet, and a corresponding number of magnetic conductors disposed between two adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets to reduce the magnetic circuit between poles of the multi-layer rotor.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the auxiliary permanent magnets is stacked parallel to the axial direction of the multi-layer rotor, and the magnetic poles of the individual auxiliary permanent magnets are opposite to those of the adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets in the sector area where the individual auxiliary permanent magnet is located; in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer, the N-pole auxiliary permanent magnets and the S-pole auxiliary permanent magnets are arranged axially symmetrically.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the magnetic conductors is the same as the number of the auxiliary permanent magnets arranged axially in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the first included angle between the first main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet is the difference between the angle between the first main permanent magnet and the horizontal plane and the second included angle;

[0012] The second included angle is the angle between the auxiliary permanent magnet and the horizontal plane;

[0013] The third angle between the second main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet is the difference between a right angle and the first angle.

[0014] Furthermore, the auxiliary permanent magnet is fan-shaped in each axial cross section.

[0015] Furthermore, the second main permanent magnet is torsionally fixed at an angle relative to the first main permanent magnet to form the axisymmetric air gap magnetic field.

[0016] Furthermore, the multi-layer rotor also includes:

[0017] The rotor support is connected to the first main permanent magnet to provide longitudinal support force to the first main permanent magnet;

[0018] An electric motor bearing, which is connected to the rotor support, is used to reduce the friction of the rotor support;

[0019] An output shaft, which is connected to the motor bearing, is used to provide a support force perpendicular to the axial direction to the motor bearing.

[0020] Furthermore, the irregularly shaped stator also includes:

[0021] A coil winding, used to generate magnetic flux during motor operation, includes a first coil and a second coil, wherein...

[0022] The first coil is wound around the first irregularly shaped stator;

[0023] The second coil is wound around the second irregularly shaped stator;

[0024] A coil support, which is connected to the coil winding, is used to provide vertical support for the coil winding.

[0025] Furthermore, the first coil and the second coil are centrally symmetrically distributed with respect to the central cross-section of the multi-layer rotor perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0026] Furthermore, the vertical height of both the first coil and the second coil is lower than the height of the cross-section of the multilayer rotor near the ground, which is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Without changing the rotor's centrally symmetrical structure, the present invention utilizes the reasonable space between phases of the irregularly shaped stator electromagnetic drive motor to reserve a reasonable effective air gap magnetic circuit; through the interlocking structure of the first main permanent magnet being sleeved in the first constraint slot of the first irregularly shaped stator and the second main permanent magnet being sleeved in the second constraint slot of the second irregularly shaped stator, the outer diameter of the multi-layer rotor is increased, the length of the coil winding is reduced, the hollow area inside the electromagnetic drive motor and the axial air gap area used to generate torque are increased, the motor output performance is improved, and the hollow space inside the motor is also larger, reducing the system mass; through the mutual cooperation of the first and second main permanent magnets, the auxiliary permanent magnets... The radial magnetic flux generated by the body layer is decoupled from the axial magnetic flux generated by the main permanent magnet layer, thus achieving three-dimensional magnetic flux decoupling. By adopting a multi-layer rotor and magnetic conductor hybrid stacking structure design in the same motor space, the torque of the electromagnetic drive motor is increased. The addition of magnetic conductors reduces the inter-pole leakage magnetic flux, thereby reducing torque pulsation. The coil windings are wrapped around the first and second irregular stators without forming a wrap around the inner side of the irregular stator, thus reducing the length of the coil end windings of the irregular stator. That is, the end coil windings that do not interact with the magnetic field of the multi-layer rotor to generate torque reduce the weight of the irregular stator and the copper loss of the coil windings. Furthermore, the length of the coil end windings of the irregular stator does not increase with the increase of the motor axial length, ensuring the utilization rate of the coil windings.

[0028] Furthermore, the present invention forms a three-dimensional Halbach array by stacking each of the auxiliary permanent magnets parallel to the axial direction of the multi-layer rotor and by having the magnetic poles of the adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets in the sector corresponding to the single auxiliary permanent magnets opposite to those of the single auxiliary permanent magnets. This increases the density of the effective air gap magnetic circuit, weakens the magnetic field in other non-working areas, and improves the magnetic field utilization rate. Due to the self-shielding characteristics of the three-dimensional Halbach array, the dependence on external magnetic conductive components such as yokes can be reduced, and leakage magnetic field and magnetic resistance in the magnetic circuit can be reduced, thereby reducing energy loss, making the air gap magnetic field distribution closer to the ideal sine wave, reducing torque fluctuations, and improving the smoothness of motor operation.

[0029] Furthermore, by setting the number of magnetic conductors to be the same as the number of layers of auxiliary permanent magnets arranged along the axial direction, the present invention enables the magnetic conductors and auxiliary permanent magnets to form a precise magnetic circuit coupling in the axial direction, reducing magnetic leakage during the transmission of the magnetic field and improving the utilization rate of the magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by each layer of auxiliary permanent magnets can be guided and adjusted by the corresponding number of magnetic conductors, making the overall magnetic field more uniformly distributed in the axial direction. This avoids local magnetic fields that are too strong or too weak due to magnetic circuit mismatch. Moreover, matching the number of the two allows for a more balanced axial force, reducing the additional stress caused by magnetic circuit imbalance and enhancing the mechanical stability and operational reliability of the overall structure.

[0030] Furthermore, the present invention increases the torque by setting a first included angle between the first main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet and a third included angle between the second main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet, and by adjusting the size of the first included angle and the third included angle to increase the amount of the first main permanent magnet and the second main permanent magnet in the multi-layer rotor. By converting the first included angle and the third included angle between the main permanent magnet layer and the auxiliary permanent magnet layer into a three-dimensional decoupled state, the radial leakage flux of the multi-layer rotor along the axial direction is reduced, the output stability of the electromagnetic equipment is improved, and the fluctuation and noise of the electromagnetic drive motor caused by leakage flux are reduced.

[0031] Furthermore, the present invention enhances the magnetic coupling strength between the main permanent magnet and the irregular stator winding and the auxiliary permanent magnet layer by setting the second main permanent magnet to a fixed angle of radial torsion relative to the first main permanent magnet, thereby reducing magnetic leakage and improving the utilization rate of magnetic field energy. Moreover, the torsioned magnetic field can generate more effective electromagnetic force interaction with the winding current, increasing the electromagnetic torque and reducing torque fluctuation.

[0032] Furthermore, by having the first and second coils intersecting along the axial direction of the multi-layer rotor, the present invention increases the hollow area inside the electromagnetic drive motor and the axial air gap area used to generate torque, thereby improving the motor output performance and making the hollow space inside the motor larger, thus reducing the system mass.

[0033] Furthermore, by setting the heights of both the first and second coils to be lower than the height of the tangential section of the multi-layer rotor that is parallel to the horizontal plane and close to the ground, the present invention ensures that the coil windings do not form a loop around the inner side of the yoke of the irregular stator. This reduces the length of the end windings of the stator coils, prevents them from generating torque due to interaction with the magnetic field of the multi-layer rotor, reduces the stator weight and winding copper losses, and ensures that the end windings of the irregular stator do not increase with the increase of the axial length of the motor, thus guaranteeing the utilization rate of the coil windings. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electromagnetic drive motor of the irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on the multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main permanent magnet layer structure of the multi-layer rotor of the irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the multi-layer rotor, the irregular stator, the winding coils, and the auxiliary permanent magnet layer of the irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4-1The number of first-type auxiliary permanent magnets in the multi-layer rotor of the irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in the figure.

[0038] Figure 4-2 The number of the second type of auxiliary permanent magnets and magnetic conductors of the multi-layer rotor of the irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on the multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure 4-3 The number of the third type of auxiliary permanent magnets and magnetic conductors in the multi-layer rotor of the irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on the multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in the figure.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit on a single-layer cut surface along the axial direction of the multi-layer rotor of the irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Second main permanent magnet, 2-Rotor support, 3-Motor bearing, 4-Output shaft, 5-First irregular stator, 6-First coil, 7-Coil support, 8-Second irregular stator, 9-Auxiliary permanent magnet layer, 10-First main permanent magnet, 11-Second coil, 12-Interface of the first main permanent magnet, 13-Interface of the second main permanent magnet, 14-Interface of the first type of auxiliary permanent magnet, 15-Interface of the second type of auxiliary permanent magnet, 16-Interface of the first and second layers of the third type of auxiliary permanent magnet layer arranged along the axial direction, 17-Interface of the third and fourth layers of the third type of auxiliary permanent magnet layer arranged along the axial direction, 18-Effective air gap magnetic circuit of the irregular stator, 19-Internal magnetic circuit between poles of the axially multi-layer rotor, 20-Leakage magnetic circuit between the first main permanent magnet and air, 21-Leakage magnetic circuit between the second main permanent magnet and air, 22-Magnetic conductor. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0045] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4-1 as well as Figure 5 The figures shown are, respectively, internal structural diagrams of the electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials according to an embodiment of the present invention, structural diagrams of the main permanent magnet layer of the multi-layer rotor, structural diagrams of the relative positions of the multi-layer rotor, the irregular stator, the winding coils, and the auxiliary permanent magnet layer, a reference diagram of the number of the first type of auxiliary permanent magnets of the multi-layer rotor, and a magnetic circuit diagram on a single-layer cut surface of the multi-layer rotor along the axial direction; the electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0047] The irregular stator includes a first irregular stator 5 disposed on one side of the rotor support and a second irregular stator 8 disposed away from the rotor support and parallel to the first irregular stator 5. Both the first irregular stator 5 and the second irregular stator 8 are U-shaped.

[0048] A multi-layer rotor, disposed inside the irregularly shaped stator to improve torque output, includes a main permanent magnet layer for converting electrical energy of the irregularly shaped stator into mechanical energy, and an auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9 movably connected to the main permanent magnet layer to increase the density of the effective air gap magnetic circuit.

[0049] The main permanent magnet layer includes a first main permanent magnet 10 sleeved in the first constraint slot of the first irregular stator 5 and a second main permanent magnet 1 sleeved in the second constraint slot of the second irregular stator 8. The first main permanent magnet 10 and the second main permanent magnet 1 cooperate with each other to form an axisymmetric air gap magnetic field, so that the radial magnetic flux generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9 and the axial magnetic flux generated by the main permanent magnet layer are transformed into a three-dimensional decoupled state.

[0050] The auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9 includes a plurality of auxiliary permanent magnets disposed between the first main permanent magnet 10 and the second main permanent magnet 1, and a corresponding number of magnetic conductors disposed between two adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets to reduce the magnetic circuit between poles of the multi-layer rotor.

[0051] In this embodiment, without altering the rotor's centrally symmetrical structure, the present invention utilizes the reasonable space between phases of the irregularly shaped stator electromagnetic drive motor to reserve a reasonable effective air gap magnetic circuit. Through the interlocking structure of the first main permanent magnet 10 fitted in the first constraint slot of the first irregularly shaped stator 5 and the second main permanent magnet 1 fitted in the second constraint slot of the second irregularly shaped stator 8, the outer diameter of the multi-layer rotor is increased, the length of the coil windings is reduced, the hollow area inside the electromagnetic drive motor and the axial air gap area used to generate torque are increased, improving the motor's output performance and also making the hollow space inside the motor larger, reducing the system mass. Furthermore, the first main permanent magnet 10 and the second main permanent magnet 1 cooperate to generate an auxiliary permanent magnet layer. The radial magnetic flux is decoupled from the axial magnetic flux generated by the main permanent magnet layer, thereby achieving three-dimensional magnetic flux decoupling. By adopting a multi-layer rotor and magnetic conductor hybrid stacking structure design in the same motor space, the torque of the electromagnetic drive motor is increased. By adding magnetic conductors, the inter-pole leakage magnetic flux is reduced, thereby reducing torque pulsation. The coil windings are wrapped around the first irregular stator 5 and the second irregular stator 8, without forming a wrap around the inner side of the irregular stator, thus reducing the length of the coil end windings of the irregular stator. That is, the end coil windings that do not generate torque by interacting with the magnetic field of the multi-layer rotor reduce the weight of the irregular stator and the copper loss of the coil windings. Furthermore, the length of the coil end windings of the irregular stator does not increase with the increase of the axial length of the motor, ensuring the utilization rate of the coil windings.

[0052] Specifically, each of the auxiliary permanent magnets is stacked parallel to the axis of the multi-layer rotor, and the magnetic poles of the individual auxiliary permanent magnets are opposite to those of the adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets in the sector area where the individual auxiliary permanent magnet is located; in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer, the N-pole auxiliary permanent magnets and the S-pole auxiliary permanent magnets are arranged axially symmetrically.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 4-1As shown, the number of axially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9 is 2; the number of radially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer is 2, and in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer, the N-pole auxiliary permanent magnet and the S-pole auxiliary permanent magnet are arranged symmetrically.

[0054] In this embodiment, the present invention forms a three-dimensional Halbach array by stacking each of the auxiliary permanent magnets parallel to the axial direction of the multi-layer rotor and by having the magnetic poles of the adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets in the sector corresponding to the single auxiliary permanent magnets opposite to those of the single auxiliary permanent magnet. This increases the density of the effective air gap magnetic circuit, weakens the magnetic field in other non-working areas, and improves the magnetic field utilization rate. Due to the self-shielding characteristics of the three-dimensional Halbach array, the dependence on external magnetic conductive components such as yokes can be reduced, and leakage magnetic field and magnetic resistance in the magnetic circuit can be reduced, thereby reducing energy loss, making the air gap magnetic field distribution closer to the ideal sine wave, reducing torque fluctuations, and improving the smoothness of motor operation.

[0055] Specifically, the first included angle θ between the first main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet is the difference between the angle γ between the interface of the opposite magnetic poles of the first main permanent magnet and the horizontal plane and the second included angle.

[0056] The second included angle η is the angle between the interface of the opposite magnetic poles of the auxiliary permanent magnet and the horizontal plane;

[0057] The third angle between the second main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet is the difference between a right angle and the first angle γ.

[0058] Please continue to refer to Figure 4-1 As shown, in the case where no magnetic conductor is set in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer, the interface 12 of the first main permanent magnet is the axial interface of the first main permanent magnet, the interface 13 of the second main permanent magnet is the axial interface of the second main permanent magnet, and the interface 14 of the first type of auxiliary permanent magnet is the axial interface between two adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets. The number of axially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer is 2. The number of radially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer is 2, and in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer, the N-pole auxiliary permanent magnet and the S-pole auxiliary permanent magnet are arranged axially symmetrically.

[0059] In this embodiment, the present invention increases the torque by setting a first included angle between the first main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet and a third included angle between the second main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet, and by adjusting the size of the first included angle and the third included angle to increase the amount of the first main permanent magnet and the second main permanent magnet in the multi-layer rotor. By converting the first included angle and the third included angle between the main permanent magnet layer and the auxiliary permanent magnet layer into a three-dimensional decoupled state, the radial leakage flux of the multi-layer rotor along the axial direction is reduced, the output stability of the electromagnetic device is improved, and the fluctuation and noise of the electromagnetic drive motor caused by leakage flux are reduced.

[0060] Specifically, each of the auxiliary permanent magnets has a fan-shaped shape in each axial cross section.

[0061] Specifically, the second main permanent magnet 1 is torsionally fixed at an angle relative to the first main permanent magnet 10 to form the axisymmetric air gap magnetic field.

[0062] In the embodiments, the present invention enhances the magnetic coupling strength between the main permanent magnet and the irregular stator winding and the auxiliary permanent magnet layer by setting the second main permanent magnet 1 to a fixed angle of radial torsion relative to the first main permanent magnet 10, thereby reducing magnetic leakage and improving the utilization rate of magnetic field energy. Furthermore, the torsioned magnetic field can generate a more effective electromagnetic force interaction with the winding current, increasing the electromagnetic torque and reducing torque fluctuation.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 5 As shown, the magnetic circuit on the single-layer cut surface along the axial direction of the multi-layer rotor in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0064] The effective air gap magnetic circuit 18 of the irregular stator is effective for the air gap magnetic field of the electromagnetic drive motor.

[0065] The interpole magnetic circuit 19 of the axial multilayer rotor is generated by the magnetic conductor through the spaced axial auxiliary permanent magnet.

[0066] The leakage magnetic circuit 20 between the first main permanent magnet and the air and the leakage magnetic circuit 21 between the second main permanent magnet and the air of the axial multilayer rotor are generated due to the leakage of magnetic flux between the first main permanent magnet 10 and the second main permanent magnet 1 in the air.

[0067] Specifically, the multi-layer rotor further includes:

[0068] The rotor support 2 is connected to the first main permanent magnet 10 to provide longitudinal support force to the first main permanent magnet 10;

[0069] Motor bearing 3, which is connected to rotor support 2, is used to reduce the friction of rotor support 2;

[0070] Output shaft 4 is connected to the motor bearing 3 to provide a support force perpendicular to the axial direction to the motor bearing 3.

[0071] Specifically, the irregularly shaped stator also includes:

[0072] The coil winding, used to generate magnetic flux during motor operation, includes a first coil 6 and a second coil 11, wherein...

[0073] The first coil 6 is wound around the first irregular stator 5;

[0074] The second coil 11 is wound around the second irregular stator 8;

[0075] The coil support 7 is connected to the coil winding and is used to provide vertical support for the coil winding.

[0076] Specifically, the first coil 6 and the second coil 11 are centrally symmetrically distributed with respect to the axial center cross-section of the multi-layer rotor perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0077] In practice, the present invention increases the hollow area inside the electromagnetic drive motor and the axial air gap area used to generate torque by having the first coil 6 and the second coil 11 cross-distributed along the axial direction of the multi-layer rotor, thereby improving the output performance of the motor and making the hollow space inside the motor larger, thus reducing the system mass.

[0078] Specifically, the vertical height of the first coil 6 and the vertical height of the second coil 11 are both lower than the height of the cross-section of the multi-layer rotor that is parallel to the horizontal plane and close to the ground.

[0079] In practice, this invention sets the heights of the first coil 6 and the second coil 11 to be lower than the height of the tangential section of the multi-layer rotor that is parallel to the horizontal plane and close to the ground. This prevents the coil windings from forming a loop around the inner side of the yoke of the irregular stator, thereby reducing the length of the stator coil end windings. This prevents the coil windings from generating torque due to their interaction with the magnetic field of the multi-layer rotor, reducing the stator weight and winding copper losses. Furthermore, the length of the end windings of the irregular stator coils does not increase with the increase of the motor's axial length, ensuring the utilization rate of the coil windings.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 4-2 As shown, this is a reference to the number of the second type of auxiliary permanent magnets and magnetic conductors in the multi-layer rotor of the irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials according to an embodiment of the present invention. The interface 15 of the second type of auxiliary permanent magnets is the axial interface between two adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets. The number of magnetic conductors 22 is the same as the number of axially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9. In practice, when the number of axially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9 is 2, the number of radially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9 is 2, and in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9, the N-pole auxiliary permanent magnet and the S-pole auxiliary permanent magnet are arranged axially symmetrically. The number of magnetic conductors 22 is the same as the number of axially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9, and the number of magnetic conductors 22 is 2.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 4-3As shown, this is a reference to the number of third-type auxiliary permanent magnets and magnetic conductors in the multi-layer rotor of the irregular stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stacked rotor of hybrid materials according to an embodiment of the present invention. The interface 16 between the first and second layers of the third-type auxiliary permanent magnet layer arranged along the axial direction is the axial interface between two adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets and corresponding magnetic conductors in the first and second layers. The interface 17 between the third and fourth layers of the third-type auxiliary permanent magnet layer arranged along the axial direction is the axial interface between two adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets and corresponding magnetic conductors in the third and fourth layers. The number of magnetic conductors 22 is the same as the number of axially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9. In practice, when the number of axially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9 is 4, the number of radially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9 is 2, and in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9, the N-pole auxiliary permanent magnet and the S-pole auxiliary permanent magnet are arranged axially symmetrically. The number of magnetic conductors 22 is the same as the number of axially arranged auxiliary permanent magnets in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer 9, and the number of magnetic conductors 22 is 4.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention does not limit the number of auxiliary permanent magnets and their corresponding magnetic conductors, and those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the number of auxiliary permanent magnets and their corresponding magnetic conductors according to actual application or production needs.

[0083] In this embodiment, by setting the number of magnetic conductors to be the same as the number of layers of auxiliary permanent magnets arranged along the axial direction, the present invention enables the magnetic conductors and auxiliary permanent magnets to form a precise magnetic circuit coupling in the axial direction, reducing magnetic leakage during the transmission of the magnetic field and improving the utilization rate of the magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by each layer of auxiliary permanent magnets can be guided and adjusted by the corresponding number of magnetic conductors, making the overall magnetic field more uniformly distributed in the axial direction. This avoids the local magnetic field being too strong or too weak due to magnetic circuit mismatch. Furthermore, matching the number of the two allows for a more balanced axial force, reducing the additional stress caused by magnetic circuit imbalance and enhancing the mechanical stability and operational reliability of the overall structure.

[0084] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A profiled stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a multi-layer stack of hybrid materials rotor, characterized by, The application relates to a motor, comprising: a special-shaped stator, which comprises a first special-shaped stator arranged on one side of a rotor support and a second special-shaped stator arranged away from the rotor support and parallel to the first special-shaped stator, and the shapes of the first special-shaped stator and the second special-shaped stator are both U-shaped; a multi-layer rotor arranged in the special-shaped stator and used for improving torque output, which comprises a main permanent magnet layer used for converting electric energy of the special-shaped stator into mechanical energy and an auxiliary permanent magnet layer used for increasing the density of an effective air gap magnetic circuit and movably connected with the main permanent magnet layer, wherein the main permanent magnet layer comprises a first main permanent magnet sleeved in a first constraint groove of the first special-shaped stator and a second main permanent magnet sleeved in a second constraint groove of the second special-shaped stator, and the first main permanent magnet and the second main permanent magnet are matched with each other to form an axisymmetric air gap magnetic field, so that radial magnetic flux generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet layer and axial magnetic flux generated by the main permanent magnet layer are converted into a three-dimensional decoupling state; the auxiliary permanent magnet layer comprises a plurality of auxiliary permanent magnets arranged between the first main permanent magnet and the second main permanent magnet and a corresponding number of magnetic conductors arranged between adjacent auxiliary permanent magnets and used for reducing the inter-pole magnetic circuit of the multi-layer rotor.

2. The profiled stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a hybrid material multi-layer stack rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each auxiliary permanent magnet is arranged in an axial parallel stack of the multi-layer rotor, a single auxiliary permanent magnet is opposite to the magnetic pole of an adjacent auxiliary permanent magnet corresponding to a sector area where the single auxiliary permanent magnet is located, and N-pole auxiliary permanent magnets and S-pole auxiliary permanent magnets are arranged in an axisymmetric mode in a single auxiliary permanent magnet layer.

3. The profiled stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a hybrid material multi-layer stack rotor of claim 2, characterized by the fact that The number of the magnetic conductors is the same as the number of the auxiliary permanent magnets arranged in the axial direction in the auxiliary permanent magnet layer.

4. The profiled stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a hybrid material multi-layer stack rotor of claim 3, characterized by the fact that A first included angle between the first main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet is a difference value between a first main permanent magnet and horizontal plane included angle and a second included angle; the second included angle is an included angle between the auxiliary permanent magnet and the horizontal plane; a third included angle between the second main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet is a difference value between a right angle and the first included angle.

5. The profiled stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a hybrid material multi-layer stack rotor of claim 4, characterized by the fact that The auxiliary permanent magnet is in a sector shape in each axial cross section.

6. The profiled stator electromagnetic drive machine based on a rotor of a multilayer stack of hybrid materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second main permanent magnet is arranged at a fixed angle relative to the first main permanent magnet to form the axisymmetric air gap magnetic field.

7. The profiled stator electromagnetic drive motor based on a hybrid material multi-layer stack rotor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The multi-layer rotor further comprises: a rotor support connected with the first main permanent magnet and used for providing a longitudinal supporting force to the first main permanent magnet; a motor bearing connected with the rotor support and used for reducing the friction of the rotor support; an output shaft connected with the motor bearing and used for providing a supporting force perpendicular to the axial direction to the motor bearing.

8. The profiled stator electromagnetic drive machine based on a hybrid material multi-layer stack rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The special-shaped stator further comprises: a coil winding used for generating magnetic flux during operation of the motor, which comprises a first coil and a second coil, wherein the first coil is wound on the first special-shaped stator; the second coil is wound on the second special-shaped stator; a coil support connected with the coil winding and used for providing a supporting force in a vertical direction to the coil winding.

9. The profiled stator electromagnetic drive machine based on a hybrid material multi-layer stack rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first coil and the second coil are centrally symmetrically distributed in a vertical central cross section of the multi-layer rotor relative to a horizontal plane.

10. The profiled stator electromagnetic drive machine based on a hybrid material multi-layer stack rotor of claim 9, characterized by the fact that The vertical height of the first coil and the vertical height of the second coil are both lower than the height of a cross section of the multi-layer rotor parallel to the horizontal plane and close to the ground.

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