Pond-based freshwater shrimp industrial aquaculture device and aquaculture method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pond-based freshwater shrimp industrial aquaculture device and aquaculture method, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The device comprises a partitioned pond structure, a water retaining dam, a water pushing device, a medicine dripping structure, a greenhouse structure and a three-dimensional culture structure. An original large pond is transformed into a plurality of small ponds of 1-3 mu, a water retaining slope is arranged in the middle of each small pond, and water pushing devices are installed at the two ends of each small pond to form directional water flow; a slow-release medicine dripping structure is arranged above the water pushing device, so that the anti-stress medicine is uniformly diffused along with water flow; an openable and closable greenhouse is built above the pond to adjust temperature and illumination, and the two sides of the water retaining pond are provided with three-dimensional breeding frames and filled with artificial aquatic plant layers. The culture method comprises the steps of pond transformation, greenhouse construction, aquatic plant layout, water flow control, drug delivery and stubble-divided culture, and stable water quality, high survival rate, prolonged culture cycle and multi-stubble efficient production are realized through cooperation of independently researched and developed anti-stress drugs and circulating water culture.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a pond-based factory-like cultivation device and method for Macrobrachium Nipponense. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a high-quality freshwater economic shrimp, Macrobrachium Nipponense has the characteristics of delicious meat, short growth cycle and large market demand. Currently, traditional cultivation is mostly carried out in open ponds with a large area (generally 15-30 mu) and mainly relies on artificial feeding and drug management.

[0003] However, this cultivation mode has the following problems:

[0004] Uneven distribution of feed and low feeding efficiency. Macrobrachium Nipponense is not good at swimming and cannot feed over long distances, resulting in uneven feeding and waste of part of the feed.

[0005] Difficult water quality regulation. The water circulation in a large pond is not smooth, and phenomena such as insufficient dissolved oxygen and local pollution are prone to occur.

[0006] Significant influence by climate. Open pond cultivation is affected by extreme weather such as temperature, rainfall and snowstorms, resulting in short cultivation period and low survival rate.

[0007] Serious stress problems. Under high-density cultivation conditions, Macrobrachium Nipponense is prone to stress, resulting in slow growth, decreased immunity and even death.

[0008] Low space utilization. Macrobrachium Nipponense cultivation is mostly carried out in planar water bodies, and the vertical space is not fully utilized.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of factory-like Macrobrachium Nipponense cultivation system that can improve the water environment, achieve multi-crop efficient production, and effectively reduce the risk of cultivation. SUMMARY

[0010] (I) Technical problems solved

[0011] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a pond-based factory-like cultivation device and method for Macrobrachium Nipponense, which solves the problems of uneven distribution of feed and low feeding efficiency. Macrobrachium Nipponense is not good at swimming and cannot feed over long distances, resulting in uneven feeding and waste of part of the feed.

[0012] Difficult water quality regulation. The water circulation in a large pond is not smooth, and phenomena such as insufficient dissolved oxygen and local pollution are prone to occur.

[0013] Significant influence by climate. Open pond cultivation is affected by extreme weather such as temperature, rainfall and snowstorms, resulting in short cultivation period and low survival rate.

[0014] Stress problem is serious. Under high-density breeding conditions, D. hyalina is prone to stress reaction, resulting in slow growth, decreased immunity and even death.

[0015] Low space utilization. D. hyalina breeding is mostly carried out in planar water bodies, and the problem of insufficient three-dimensional space utilization exists.

[0016] (II) Technical solutions

[0017] To achieve the above purposes, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions: a D. hyalina factory breeding device based on a pond, comprising a partitioned pond structure, a water and soil retaining dike, a water pushing device, a medicine dripping structure, a greenhouse structure, and a three-dimensional breeding structure.

[0018] The partitioned pond structure is composed of a plurality of long strip-shaped small ponds with an area of 1-3 mu. A water and soil retaining dike with a height of 0.8-1 m is arranged in the middle of each small pond, and the two ends are 2-3 m away from the pond ridge.

[0019] The water and soil retaining dike is provided with a water pushing device at each end, which is used to form a directional water flow inside the pond.

[0020] The water pushing device is provided with a medicine dripping structure above it, which has a slow-release medicine function, so that the medicine is uniformly distributed in the pond with the water flow.

[0021] A foldable greenhouse is built above the small pond, and a ventilation, shading and heat preservation mechanism that can be automatically opened is arranged on the top and around the greenhouse.

[0022] The three-dimensional breeding structure is arranged on both sides of the water and soil retaining dike and arranged side by side along the long side direction of the pond.

[0023] The water pushing device and the water and soil retaining dike together form a water circulation to maintain the balance of water flow and dissolved oxygen.

[0024] As a further preferred mode of the present application, the water pushing device is a low-speed paddle wheel or a circulating water pump structure, and the water pushing speed is controlled at 0.05-0.15 m / s to form a gentle flow field, simulate the natural river water environment, and set a water outlet or overflow pipe in the water and soil retaining dike to realize a circulating water flow channel when the water pushing device is running, promote water exchange and bottom layer dissolved oxygen, and maintain an intermittent operation mode during the whole breeding process, with 6-8 hours of operation per day. Through water flow circulation, the balance of dissolved oxygen, residual bait diffusion and bottom purification are realized, so as to improve the growth rate and survival rate of D. hyalina.

[0025] As a further preferred mode of the present application, the medicine dripping structure comprises a medicine storage tank, the medicine storage tank is placed on a support frame ring, a liquid conveying hose is connected to the bottom end of the medicine storage tank, and a flow control valve is connected to the end of the liquid conveying hose.

[0026] As a further preferred mode of the present application, the greenhouse structure adopts a steel frame structure, the roof is equipped with a rollable sunshade net and an automatic fan system, and a heat preservation film layer and an automatic control switch are arranged around the greenhouse to realize intelligent temperature regulation and light control; a plurality of small ponds are arranged under the same greenhouse, each greenhouse covers an area of 15-20 mu, and the area ratio of the pond inside the greenhouse to the pond outside the greenhouse is 1:2.5-3, so as to realize continuous breeding in four seasons.

[0027] As a further preferred mode of the present application, the three-dimensional breeding structure is a multi-layer grid structure, which comprises a top frame, the inner side of the top frame is provided with a top cover plate, the front and rear sides of the top cover plate are provided with turnable side plates, the top cover plate and the side plates are both made of plastic material and are provided with a plurality of through holes, the four corners of the top frame are connected to the corners of another bottom top frame through a thin rope, the cavity of the cuboid formed by the top frame and the side plates is filled with an artificial water grass layer, a suspension rope is arranged in the middle of the top cover plate at the top, the suspension rope is hung on a suspension rod, and the suspension rod is fixed on the dam of the small pond.

[0028] As a further preferred mode of the present application, the artificial water grass layer is made of simulated polyethylene or polypropylene wire material, the bottom is counterweighted and fixed, and the upper end floats at a position 20-30 cm below the water surface to form a shielding, attaching and breeding space for the freshwater shrimp.

[0029] As a further preferred mode of the present application, a freshwater shrimp factory breeding method comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1, pond reconstruction: the large pond is reconstructed into a small pond with an area of 1-3 mu, a water retaining earth dike is arranged in the middle, and a water pushing device is installed at both ends;

[0031] S2, greenhouse construction: a foldable greenhouse is built above part of the small ponds, and a pond with an area ratio of 1:2.5-3 is reserved as an open-air pond;

[0032] S3, three-dimensional frame and water grass arrangement: a three-dimensional breeding frame is installed on both sides of the water retaining earth dike, and an artificial water grass layer is filled in the frame;

[0033] S4, water flow and dissolved oxygen control: the water pushing device is started to form a circulating water flow, and the water flow rate in the pond is maintained at 0.05-0.15 m / s;

[0034] S5, drug delivery: the anti-stress drug is added to the medicine box in the water pushing device, and is uniformly diffused with the water flow through the slow-release structure;

[0035] S6, split cultivation: the freshwater shrimp fry is put and the split fishing is carried out according to the annual plan to realize more than one production in a year.

[0036] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main components of the anti-stress drug are organic selenium, taurine, glucose, vitamin C, tea polyphenols, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus, added at a water concentration of 0.4 ppm once a week. The drug contains 0.5 parts organic selenium, 10.0 parts taurine, 20.0 parts glucose, 5.0 parts vitamin C, 5 parts tea polyphenol extract, 8.0 parts freeze-dried probiotic powder, and 51.5 parts maltodextrin. First, the powdered raw materials taurine, glucose, vitamin C, tea polyphenols, and organic selenium powder are sieved through an 80-120 mesh sieve to remove agglomerates. Then, the carrier maltodextrin is added to a high-efficiency mixer, and low-speed mixing is started for 1-3 minutes. Taurine, glucose, tea polyphenols, vitamin C, and other powders are gradually added, and low-speed mixing continues for 5-8 minutes. Finally, probiotic powder and organic selenium powder are added, and mixing continues for 3-5 minutes to complete the process.

[0037] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S6, the first batch: 40-50 catties / mu of freshwater shrimp seedlings are released in February-March, with a size of 400-600 shrimp / kg, and harvested at the end of April, with a yield of 100-120 catties / mu;

[0038] Second batch: At the end of April, stock again with 40-50 jin / mu, and harvest in May-June;

[0039] The third batch: stock 3-5 catties / mu of berried shrimp in late May to early June, and harvest in October, with a yield of 200-250 catties / mu;

[0040] Fourth batch: In November and December, shrimp with a size of less than 240 shrimp / kg are transferred to greenhouses for 40 days of cultivation before being sold.

[0041] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0042] This invention provides a pond-based intensive shrimp farming device. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] Efficient management and improved feed utilization

[0044] The small pond structure concentrates the shrimp's feeding area, reduces feed waste, and increases feed utilization by about 20%.

[0045] Climate controllable, extended breeding cycle

[0046] The greenhouse structure can automatically regulate temperature and light, prevent the impact of extreme weather, extend the feeding cycle of shrimp, and achieve four harvests a year.

[0047] Three-dimensional space utilization

[0048] The combination of three-dimensional aquaculture frames and artificial aquatic plants increases the density of shrimp per unit water volume by about 40% and reduces stress and cannibalism.

[0049] Ecological cycle and water quality stability

[0050] The water pushing device and the water retaining earth dike form a flowing water body, simulate a natural river environment, improve the dissolved oxygen, stabilize the water quality, and reduce the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite.

[0051] Stress control and immune enhancement

[0052] The anti-stress agent is distributed through the water body, improves the disease resistance and survival rate of the marsh crab, and reduces the disease incidence by more than 50%.

[0053] Multiple crops, high yield, and significant economic benefits

[0054] Four breeding cycles can be realized per year, and the yield and benefit are 2-3 times higher than those of the traditional mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the partitioned pond structure of the present application;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the partitioned pond structure of the present application;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional breeding structure of the present application;

[0058] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the medicine dripping structure of the present application.

[0059] In the figure: 1, partitioned pond structure; 2, small pond; 3, water retaining earth dike; 4, water pushing device; 5, medicine storage tank; 6, support frame ring; 7, liquid conveying hose; 8, top frame; 9, top cover plate; 10, side plate; 11, thin rope; 12, hanging rope; 13, suspension frame rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0061] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The embodiment of the present application provides a technical solution: a marsh crab factory breeding device and method based on a pond. A large pond with an area of 15-30 mu is divided into multiple long strip-shaped small ponds with an area of 1-3 mu by earth dike, which is narrow and long in shape, and is beneficial to water flow and management. A water retaining earth dike with a height of 0.8-1 m is arranged in the middle of each small pond, and the two ends are 2-3 m away from the pond dike, so as to separate the water body and form an independent flow field.

[0062] Water pushing device 4 and water quality circulation system

[0063] Low-speed water pushing device 4 is installed at both ends of the small pond, which can adopt low-speed paddle wheel or circulating pump structure. The water pushing speed is controlled at 0.05-0.15 m per second to form a gentle directional flow, simulating the water body circulation of natural river.

[0064] The water retaining earth dam 3 is provided with a water outlet hole or overflow pipe to ensure smooth water circulation and promote bottom dissolved oxygen. The water pushing device can be set to intermittent operation mode, running for 6-8 hours a day, to promote water balance, residual bait diffusion and bottom purification through flow.

[0065] A medicine dropping structure is provided above the water pushing device, including a medicine storage tank 5, a support frame ring 6, a liquid delivery hose 7 and a flow control valve. The medicine storage tank contains anti-stress drugs, and the liquid dropping speed is controlled by the flow valve to achieve slow release. The liquid spreads to the whole pond with the water flow, which can automatically and continuously improve water quality, improve anti-stress ability and reduce labor operation cost.

[0066] A large openable and closable steel frame greenhouse with a covering area of 15-20 mu is built above several small ponds, which is equipped with an automatic roller shutter sunshade net and a fan system at the top, and a heat preservation film layer and a temperature control mechanism around. In summer, open ventilation, and in winter, close heat preservation, so that the temperature of the breeding environment is stable in the appropriate range of 20-28℃. The ponds in the greenhouse are arranged according to the ratio of 1:2.5-3 to the outside ponds to realize alternating production and four seasons breeding.

[0067] A three-dimensional breeding structure is arranged along the long side direction at both sides of the water retaining earth dam. The structure is composed of multiple layers of top frame boxes 8, the inside of the top frame box is provided with a top cover plate 9, and the two sides are provided with a turnable side plate 10 to form a lattice cavity. The four corners of the top frame box are connected to the lower layer box through a thin rope 11 to form a three-dimensional breeding space that can be stacked up and down.

[0068] The inside of the frame body is filled with artificial water grass layer, and the top is fixed on the suspension frame rod 13 through the suspension rope 12, and the rod body is installed on the small pond dam for overall lifting and maintenance. The artificial water grass is made of polyethylene or polypropylene wire, and the bottom is counterweighted and fixed, and the upper end floats 20-30 cm below the water surface to provide habitat, hiding and spawning environment for the blue shrimp.

[0069] Preparation and use of anti-stress drugs

[0070] The anti-stress drugs are made of organic selenium, taurine, glucose, vitamin C, tea polyphenol, probiotics and carrier malt dextrin, and the proportion is:

[0071] 0.5 parts of organic selenium, 10 parts of taurine, 20 parts of glucose, 5 parts of vitamin C, 5 parts of tea polyphenol, 8 parts of probiotic freeze-dried powder and 51.5 parts of malt dextrin.

[0072] The preparation process is as follows: the powdery raw materials are sieved 80-120 mesh to remove agglomerates, added into a mixer in proportion, the carrier malt dextrin is stirred at low speed for 1-3 minutes, the main drug powder is gradually added and mixed for 5-8 minutes, and finally the probiotics and organic selenium powder are added and mixed for 3-5 minutes, to obtain the anti-stress powder.

[0073] The use amount is 0.4 ppm per cubic meter of water body, once a week, and the drug is released and diffused through the dripping structure.

[0074] The breeding method and process control, the breeding method comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1 Pond transformation: large ponds are rebuilt into small ponds, and water retaining earth dikes and water pushing devices are arranged;

[0076] S2 Greenhouse construction: adjustable temperature greenhouse is built, and 1:2.5-3 ratio open-air ponds are left;

[0077] S3 Water plant layout: artificial water plants are filled in the three-dimensional frame;

[0078] S4 Water flow control: the water pushing device is started to form a water flow of 0.05-0.15 m / s;

[0079] S5 Drug delivery: the anti-stress drug is placed in the drug dripping device and released slowly with the water flow;

[0080] S6 Crop breeding: multiple crops are carried out in turn:

[0081] The first crop: 40-50 catties of green shrimp fry are put in each mu in February-March, and caught at the end of April;

[0082] The second crop: fry is put in again at the end of April, and bred to May-June;

[0083] The third crop: 3-5 catties of egg-carrying shrimps are put in at the end of May-beginning of June, and bred to October;

[0084] The fourth crop: small-sized shrimps are moved into the greenhouse for 40 days of warming breeding in November-December.

[0085] Four crops can be bred in a year, and the yield is increased by 2-3 times compared with the traditional mode.

[0086] Example one: four-crop breeding system of green shrimps in a greenhouse in Jiangsu area

[0087] This example is carried out in Changshu area of Jiangsu Province, and the climate is a typical subtropical humid climate.

[0088] Pond structure and layout

[0089] The original large pond with an area of 30 mu is rebuilt into 12 small ponds, each with an area of 2.5 mu and an average water depth of 1.2 m.

[0090] A water retaining dam with a height of 0.8 m and a width of 2.5 m is arranged in the middle of each small pond, and a low-speed paddle wheel type water pushing device (power 0.75 kW) is installed at both ends, with the water pushing speed controlled at 0.08 m / s.

[0091] A 20-mu steel frame greenhouse is built above the pond, and an automatic roller shutter sunshade net and a fan system are provided at the top.

[0092] Droplet and water flow system

[0093] A medicine storage tank (capacity 20 L) is arranged above each water pushing device, and a flow control valve is connected to the bottom through a liquid passing hose, with the droplet speed controlled at 0.3 ml per minute, achieving 7-day slow release.

[0094] A directional water flow is formed by water pushing, and the water body dissolved oxygen is maintained above 5.5 mg / L.

[0095] Three-dimensional breeding structure

[0096] Six sets of three-dimensional breeding frames are arranged in each pond, each frame body being 1 m x 1 m x 0.8 m, and being divided into three layers of artificial water grass layers.

[0097] The artificial water grass is made of polypropylene wire material, with a thickness of 10 cm in each layer and floating 25 cm below the water surface.

[0098] Medicine and feed management

[0099] The anti-stress agent is put in at a concentration of 0.4 ppm using the preparation process in claim 8. It is put in once a week and is slowly released with the water pushing system.

[0100] Feeding is carried out twice a day, mainly with compound feed (crude protein content 32%).

[0101] Breeding cycle and yield

[0102] First crop (February-April): 45 kg of fry per mu is put in, and the yield is 95 kg per mu after 55 days of breeding;

[0103] Second crop (May-June): 50 kg of fry per mu is put in, and the yield is 110 kg per mu;

[0104] Third crop (June-October): 3 kg of egg-carrying prawns per mu is put in, and the yield is 230 kg per mu;

[0105] Fourth crop (November-December): it is transferred to a warm greenhouse for further breeding for 40 days, and the yield is 80 kg per mu.

[0106] The total annual yield reaches 515 kg per mu, which is 2.5 times higher than the traditional mode.

[0107] Example Two: Nanjing Lishui District Year-round Constant Temperature Circulation System

[0108] Device composition

[0109] There are 9 ponds, each with an area of 1.8 mu and a depth of 1.0 m. A two-way water circulation system is adopted, and submerged pumps are installed at both ends to form a reciprocating flow field.

[0110] A connected temperature control greenhouse is built, with a total area of 18 mu, and an automatic spray cooling system is installed on the roof.

[0111] Three-dimensional breeding frame

[0112] A PVC corrosion-resistant structure is adopted, with a height of 1.2 m and 5 layers of water and grass. Artificial water grass floats at a height of 25 cm, supplemented by an LED lighting system to promote the growth of attached algae.

[0113] Medicament application

[0114] The anti-stress medicament is a spray-dried slow-release granule, with 0.4 g of active substance (equivalent to 1 g of preparation) per cubic meter. It is supplemented once a week by an automatic dosing pump.

[0115] Breeding process

[0116] 1-3 months: breeding of 40 pounds of juvenile Chinese mitten crabs per mu in a warm greenhouse;

[0117] 4-6 months: transfer to an open-air pond;

[0118] 7-9 months: again in a greenhouse for circular breeding; shading and cooling in summer

[0119] 10-12 months: resume constant temperature and heating production.

[0120] There is no interruption during the four production cycles, and continuous breeding is achieved throughout the year.

[0121] The total annual yield per mu exceeds 520 pounds. The automatic operation of the system reduces manual operation by 30% and drug costs by 15%.

[0122] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present application can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims involved.

[0123] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes every feature or implementation described herein. The specification can include implicit combinations of explicitly mentioned features and / or implicit combinations of implicitly mentioned features. Such combinations are also expressly included within the scope of the specification and an embodiment.

Claims

1. A pond-based factory device for culturing freshwater shrimps, characterized in that: The application relates to a partitioned pond structure (1), a water-retaining soil dike (3), a water pushing device (4), a medicine dripping structure, a greenhouse structure and a three-dimensional breeding structure. The partitioned pond structure (1) is composed of a plurality of long strip-shaped small ponds (2) with an area of 1-3 mu; a water-retaining soil dike (3) with a height of 0.8-1 m is arranged in the middle of each small pond (2); and the two ends of the water-retaining soil dike (3) are 2-3 m away from the pond ridge. The water pushing device (4) is arranged above the water-retaining soil dike (3) and is used for forming a directional water flow in the pond. The medicine dripping structure is arranged above the water pushing device (4) and has a slow-release medicine function, so that the medicine is uniformly distributed in the pond along with the water flow. The small pond (2) is provided with a large greenhouse which can be opened and closed; the top and the periphery of the greenhouse are provided with automatically-opened ventilation, sun-shading and heat-preserving mechanisms. The three-dimensional breeding structure is arranged on the two sides of the water-retaining soil dike (3) and is arranged side by side along the long side direction of the pond. The water pushing device (4) and the water-retaining soil dike (3) jointly form a water quality circulation and are used for maintaining water flow and oxygen balance.

2. The pond-based factory device for culturing juvenile freshwater shrimps according to claim 1, wherein: The water pushing device (4) is a low-speed paddle wheel or a circulating water pump structure, the water pushing speed is controlled to be 0.05-0.15 m / s, a gentle flow field is formed, a natural river water body environment is simulated, a water outlet hole or an overflow pipeline is arranged in the water-retaining soil dike (3) and is used for realizing a circulating water flow channel when the water pushing device (4) operates, water body exchange and bottom layer oxygen dissolution are promoted, the water pushing device (4) maintains an intermittent operation mode in the whole breeding process, is operated for 6-8 hours per day, oxygen balance, residual bait diffusion and bottom purification are realized through water flow circulation, and the growth rate and survival rate of the marsh shrimp are improved.

3. The pond-based factory device for culturing juvenile freshwater shrimps according to claim 1, wherein: The medicine dripping structure comprises a medicine storage tank (5), the medicine storage tank (5) is placed on a support frame ring (6), a liquid conveying hose (7) is connected to the bottom end of the medicine storage tank (5), and a flow control valve is connected to the tail end of the liquid conveying hose (7).

4. The pond-based factory device for culturing juvenile freshwater shrimps according to claim 1, wherein: The greenhouse structure adopts a steel frame structure, the top of the greenhouse is provided with a rollable sun-shading net and an automatic fan system, the periphery is provided with a heat-preserving film layer and an automatic control switch, intelligent temperature adjustment and light control are realized, a plurality of small ponds (2) are arranged under the same greenhouse, the covering area of each greenhouse is 15-20 mu, the area ratio of the pond in the greenhouse to the pond outside the greenhouse is 1:2.5-3, and continuous breeding in four seasons is realized.

5. A pond-based factory farming device for freshwater shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional breeding structure is a multi-layer grid structure and comprises a top frame (8), the inner side of the top frame (8) is provided with a top cover plate (9), the front and back sides of the top cover plate (9) are provided with turnable side plates (10), the top cover plate (9) and the side plates (10) are made of plastic and are provided with a plurality of through holes, the four corners of the top frame (8) are connected to the corners of another bottom top frame (8) through a thin rope (11), the cavity of the cuboid formed by the top frame (8) and the side plates (10) is filled with an artificial water grass layer, a hanging rope (12) is arranged in the middle of the top cover plate (9) at the top, the hanging rope (12) is hung on a suspension rod (13), and the suspension rod (13) is fixed on the dam of the small pond (2).

6. A pond-based factory device for culturing freshwater shrimps according to claim 5, characterized in that: The artificial water grass layer is made of simulated polyethylene or polypropylene wire material, the bottom is fixed with counterweight, and the upper end floats at a position 20-30 cm below the water surface, forming a sheltering, attaching and breeding space for the juvenile freshwater shrimp.

7. A method for factory farming of freshwater shrimps using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, pond reconstruction: a large pond is reconstructed into small ponds (2) with an area of 1-3 mu, a water retaining dike (3) is arranged in the middle, and water pushing devices (4) are installed at both ends; S2, greenhouse construction: a foldable greenhouse is built above part of the small ponds (2), and 1:2.5-3 of the small ponds are kept open; S3, three-dimensional frame and water grass arrangement: three-dimensional breeding frames are installed on both sides of the water retaining dike (3), and artificial water grass layers are filled in the frames; S4, water flow and dissolved oxygen control: the water pushing devices (4) are opened to form a circulating water flow, and the water flow rate of the pond is maintained at 0.05-0.15 m / s; S5, drug delivery: anti-stress drugs are added to the medicine box in the water pushing device (4), and are uniformly diffused with the water flow through the slow-release structure; S6, split cultivation: juvenile freshwater shrimp are released and multi-catch is carried out according to the annual plan to realize multi-catch production in a year.

8. The farming method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main components of the anti-stress drug are organic selenium, taurine, glucose, vitamin C, tea polyphenol, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus, and the water concentration is 0.4 ppm, once a week, wherein organic selenium is 0.5 parts, taurine is 10.0 parts, glucose is 20.0 parts, vitamin C is 5.0 parts, tea polyphenol extract is 5 parts, probiotic freeze-dried powder is 8.0 parts, and malt dextrin is 51.5 parts. The powdered raw materials taurine, glucose, vitamin C, tea polyphenol and organic selenium powder are sieved to 80-120 mesh to remove agglomerates, the carrier malt dextrin is added to a high-efficiency mixing machine, low-speed mixing is started for 1-3 minutes, taurine, glucose, tea polyphenol, vitamin C and other powders are gradually added, low-speed mixing is continued for 5-8 minutes, and finally probiotic powder and organic selenium powder are added, and the mixing is continued for 3-5 minutes.

9. The farming method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S6, the first catch: 40-50 kg / mu of juvenile freshwater shrimp is released in February and March, with a size of 400-600 tails / kg, and is caught at the end of April, with a yield of 100-120 kg / mu; The second catch: 40-50 kg / mu is released again at the end of April, and is caught in May and June; The third catch: 3-5 kg / mu of egg-carrying shrimp is released at the end of May to the beginning of June, and is caught in October, with a yield of 200-250 kg / mu; The fourth catch: the juvenile freshwater shrimp with a size of less than 240 tails / kg is moved into the warm greenhouse for 40 days in November and December, and is sold.

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